A method for mounting and positioning encoder bearings and code disks

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of encoder manufacturing and discloses an encoder bearing and code disk assembly and positioning method. The method includes a central shaft with an upper bearing and a lower bearing mounted on it. A PCB board and a code disk are also mounted on the central shaft, located between the upper and lower bearings. The code disk, central shaft, upper and lower bearings are coaxial. A support portion for supporting the code disk is provided on the central shaft. A through hole is provided in the center of the code disk, through which the code disk is fitted onto the central shaft and fixedly fitted to the support portion. A positioning portion is provided along the side of the central shaft, located inside the through hole. The upper end face of the positioning portion has a recognizable arc, which is coaxial with the code disk. This encoder can achieve functions such as automatic alignment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of encoder bearings, and more particularly to an encoder bearing and a method for mounting and positioning a code disk. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional encoders are overly complex and cumbersome to install, consisting of an encoder body, encoder spindle, two bearings, and a locking ring. These components are assembled into a mechanical assembly, as exemplified by the applicant's earlier patent application CN202222617605.8, which describes an integrated encoder bearing. Signal acquisition typically relies on a code disk. To ensure signal stability, the coaxiality between the code disk and the bearings or central shaft is extremely critical. Currently, the code disk is typically bonded manually using a microscope to maintain coaxiality. This method is labor-intensive, inefficient, and fails to effectively control accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an encoder bearing.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An encoder bearing includes a central shaft with an upper bearing and a lower bearing mounted on it. A PCB board and a code disk are also mounted on the central shaft, located between the upper and lower bearings. The code disk, central shaft, upper and lower bearings are coaxial. A support portion for supporting the code disk is provided on the central shaft. A through hole is provided in the center of the code disk, which is fitted onto the central shaft through the through hole and fixedly attached to the support portion. A positioning portion is provided along the side of the central shaft, located inside the through hole. The upper end face of the positioning portion has an identifiable arc, which is coaxial with the code disk.

[0006] Preferably, the upper end face of the positioning part is arc-shaped, the arc is the outer edge of the upper end face of the positioning part, the upper end face is flush with the upper surface of the code disk, and the arc and the code disk are set on the same axis.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning part is multiple and all of them are arc-shaped structures, and the arcs of each arc are on the same circular trajectory.

[0008] Preferably, the number of positioning parts is at least three.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning part has a circular structure, the arc is the circular trajectory of the outer side of the upper end face of the positioning part, the arc is set on the same axis as the code disk, and the upper end face of the positioning part is flush with the upper surface of the code disk.

[0010] Preferably, the support part is a ring-shaped structure set on the side of the central axis, and the code disk is adhered to the support part.

[0011] Preferably, the upper bearing includes an upper bearing housing, and the lower bearing includes a lower bearing housing. Both the upper and lower bearing housings are provided with a mounting kit in the middle, and the mounting kit has a groove that matches the rolling element. The upper and lower bearing housings cooperate to form a housing, and the upper bearing, lower bearing, encoder, and PCB board are all disposed inside the housing.

[0012] An encoder bearing code disk positioning method, wherein the encoder bearing includes a code disk and a central shaft, the central shaft is provided with a support portion for supporting the code disk along its outer diameter, and further includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the code disk, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Position and fix the central axis, and at the same time grab the encoder and place it on the support;

[0014] Step two also includes a machine vision system, which is located directly above the central axis. The machine vision system collects the position of the encoder centerline and the position of the central axis.

[0015] Step 3: Adjust the mechanism to move the code disk and position it so that its center line is coaxial with the center axis. This method compares the standard circular line on the code disk with the circular outline on the central axis, thereby accurately adjusting the position of the code disk to ensure that the code disk and the central axis are coaxial.

[0016] Preferably, the reference line for the encoder disk to be grasped in step two is a circular mark on the encoder disk, and the reference line for the central axis to be grasped is a circular outline of the outer or inner diameter of the shaft.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a positioning part, which is an annular part arranged along the outer diameter, and the upper end face of the positioning part is flush with the upper end face of the code disk; in step two, the code disk is sleeved on the outside of the positioning part, and the reference line of the central axis is the circular outline of the outer edge of the upper end face of the support part.

[0018] Because the present invention adopts the above technical solution, it has the following significant technical effects:

[0019] This invention designs an encoder bearing that, in order to realize machine vision in automation solutions, incorporates a standard for code disk alignment. This standard has no axial height difference with the code disk and is very close radially, allowing for accurate reading and adjustment of the code disk to align with the central axis during machine vision operations, with an error essentially zero. Furthermore, this solution provides an automatic positioning and installation method, offering advantages such as accurate positioning, low labor intensity, and high efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A bottom view.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A sectional view.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the central shaft and the code disk.

[0024] The technical names of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1—Central shaft, 2—Upper bearing, 3—Lower bearing, 4—PCB board, 5—Code disk, 6—Support part, 7—Through hole, 8—Positioning part, 10—Arc, 11—Upper bearing housing, 12—Lower bearing housing, 13—Assembly, 14—Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] An encoder bearing includes a central shaft 1, on which an upper bearing 2 and a lower bearing 3 are mounted. A PCB board 4 and a code disk 5 are also disposed on the central shaft 1, with the PCB board 4 and the code disk 5 located between the upper bearing 2 and the lower bearing 3. The code disk 5, the central shaft 1, the upper bearing 2, and the lower bearing 3 are on the same axis. A support portion 6 for supporting the code disk 5 is provided on the central shaft 1. A through hole 7 is provided in the middle of the code disk 5. The code disk 5 is sleeved on the central shaft 1 through the through hole 7 and is fitted and fixed to the support portion 6. A positioning portion 8 is provided on the side of the central shaft 1. The positioning portion 8 is located inside the through hole 7. The upper end face of the positioning portion 8 has an identifiable arc 10, which is coaxial with the code disk 5. In this embodiment, the positioning part 8 protrudes outside the central axis 1. This prevents misjudgments during machine vision scanning from directly above. Furthermore, during the alignment process, the central axis 1 remains unchanged; alignment is achieved by fine-tuning the position of the code disk 5, specifically capturing one of the ring-shaped code lines on the code disk 5. When the machine vision system grasps the position of the positioning part 8, it easily captures the boundary of the positioning part 8, i.e., the outer edge line, which projects as an arc 10.

[0028] In this embodiment, the upper end face of the positioning part 8 is arc-shaped and flat. The arc 10 is the outer edge line of the upper end face of the positioning part 8. The upper end face is flush with the upper surface of the code disk 5. The arc 10 and the code disk 5 are coaxially arranged.

[0029] In this embodiment, there are multiple positioning units 8, all of which are arc-shaped structures, and each arc 10 lies on the trajectory of the same circle. The purpose of using multiple arcs is that machine vision can automatically calculate the circle based on the trajectories of multiple arcs. Theoretically, a single arc can also be identified, but this solution uses multiple arcs to make the identification more accurate and faster, and to reduce errors. Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of positioning units 8 is at least three.

[0030] Another method involves a ring-shaped positioning part 8, with arc 10 forming a circular trajectory along the outer edge of the upper end face of the positioning part 8. Arc 10 is coaxial with the code disk 5, and the upper end face of the positioning part 8 is flush with the upper surface of the code disk 5. The ring-shaped structure facilitates processing and allows for better control of the precision of the outer surface.

[0031] The support part 6 is an annular structure provided on the side of the central shaft 1, and the code disk 5 is adhered to the support part 6.

[0032] The upper bearing 2 includes an upper bearing housing 11, and the lower bearing 3 includes a lower bearing housing 12. Both the upper bearing housing 11 and the lower bearing housing 12 are provided with a mounting bracket 13 in the middle. The mounting bracket 13 is provided with a groove 14 that matches the rolling element. The upper bearing housing 11 and the lower bearing housing 12 cooperate with each other to form a housing. The upper bearing 2, the lower bearing 3, the encoder 5, and the PCB board 4 are all disposed inside the housing.

[0033] This invention designs an encoder bearing. In order to realize machine vision in the automation scheme, the encoder bearing designs a standard for aligning the code disk 5. The standard has no height difference with the code disk 5 in the axial direction and is very close in the radial direction. Therefore, in the process of machine vision, the code disk 5 can be accurately read and adjusted to make it coaxial with the central axis 1, and the error is basically 0.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that: a groove 14 is provided on the central shaft 1, the groove 14 is used to assemble the rollers of the bearing, and the central shaft 1 is used as the inner ring of the bearing.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the central shaft 1 has a shaft hole 15 for mounting the motor shaft in the middle.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] A method for positioning an encoder bearing code disk 5, characterized in that: the encoder bearing includes a code disk 5 and a central shaft 1, the central shaft 1 is provided with a support portion 6 for supporting the code disk 5 along its outer diameter, and further includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the code disk 5, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Position and fix the central axis 1, and simultaneously grab the code disk 5 and place it on the support part 6; In this scheme, the central axis 1 is a fixed axis, which does not move during the adjustment process. During the movement process, adjust the center (center) of the code disk 5 so that it coincides with the center of the mark on the fixed axis of acquisition, so as to achieve the coaxiality of the two to meet the requirements.

[0041] Step two also includes a machine vision system, which is located directly above the central axis 1. The machine vision system acquires the position of the encoder disk 5 and the position of the central axis 1. Specifically, in this solution, the machine vision system acquires the outline of the outer diameter or inner hole edge of the central axis 1. This outline is circular, and then the system calculates the position of the center of the outline. At the same time, the system calculates the position of the center of the acquired encoder disk 5.

[0042] Step 3: Adjusting the position of the code disk 5 by moving the adjustment mechanism to make it coaxial with the central axis 1. This scheme compares the standard circular line on the code disk 5 with the circular outline on the central axis 1 to accurately adjust the position of the code disk 5 so that the code disk 5 and the central axis 1 are set coaxially. The system calculates the distance that the code disk 5 needs to be adjusted left and right and front and back based on the collected coordinates of the center position of the code disk 5 and the center position of the central axis 1. The controller controls the adjustment mechanism to move the code disk 5 to the specified position so that the centers of the two coincide, which means that the code disk 5 and the central axis 1 are aligned.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, the reference line of the code disk 5 grasped in step two is the circular mark on the code disk 5, and the reference line of the grasped central axis 1 is the circular outline of the outer or inner diameter of the axis.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that it also includes a positioning part 8, which is an annular member arranged along the outer diameter, and the upper end face of the positioning part 8 is flush with the upper end face of the code disk 5. In step two, the code disk 5 is fitted outside the positioning part 8, and the reference line of the central axis 1 is the circular outline of the outer edge of the upper end face of the support part 6. This design can ensure that the reference line (marker) of the acquired code disk 5 and the reference line of the central axis 1 are on the same plane, avoiding errors caused by depth of field and ensuring its accuracy.

Claims

1. An encoder bearing, characterized in that: The device includes a central shaft (1), on which an upper bearing (2) and a lower bearing (3) are mounted. A PCB board (4) and a code disk (5) are also mounted on the central shaft (1), with the PCB board (4) and the code disk (5) located between the upper bearing (2) and the lower bearing (3). The code disk (5), the central shaft (1), the upper bearing (2), and the lower bearing (3) are on the same axis. A support part (6) for supporting the code disk (5) is provided on the central shaft (1), and a passage is provided in the middle of the code disk (5). The code disk (5) is fitted onto the central shaft (1) through the through hole (7) and is fixed to the support part (6); the central shaft (1) is provided with a positioning part (8) along its side, the positioning part (8) is located inside the through hole (7), the upper end face of the positioning part (8) has an identifiable arc (10), the arc (10) is coaxial with the code disk (5); the upper end face of the positioning part (8) is flush with the upper surface of the code disk (5); the code disk (5) is bonded to the support part (6).

2. The encoder bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the positioning part (8) is arc-shaped, and the arc line (10) is the outer edge line of the upper end face of the positioning part (8).

3. An encoder bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The positioning part (8) is multiple and all of them are arc-shaped structures, and each arc-shaped arc (10) is on the same circular trajectory.

4. An encoder bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of positioning parts (8) is at least three.

5. An encoder bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning part (8) is a ring-shaped structure, and the arc (10) is the circular trajectory of the outer side of the upper end face of the positioning part (8).

6. An encoder bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support part (6) is a ring structure set on the side of the central shaft (1). The upper bearing (2) includes an upper bearing housing (11), and the lower bearing (3) includes a lower bearing housing (12). The middle part of the upper bearing housing (11) and the lower bearing housing (12) is provided with a mounting set (13). The mounting set (13) is provided with a groove (14) that matches the rolling element. The upper bearing housing (11) and the lower bearing housing (12) cooperate with each other to form a housing. The upper bearing (2), the lower bearing (3), the code disk (5), and the PCB board (4) are all set inside the housing.

7. A method for mounting and positioning an encoder bearing code disk (5), characterized in that: The encoder bearing includes a code disk (5) and a central shaft (1). The central shaft (1) has a support portion (6) along its outer diameter for supporting the code disk (5). It also includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the code disk (5), comprising the following steps: Step 1: Position and fix the central shaft (1), and at the same time grab the code disk (5) and place it on the support (6); Step 2 also includes a machine vision system, which is located directly above the central axis (1). The machine vision system collects the position of the center line of the encoder disk (5) and the position of the central axis (1). Step 3: Adjust the mechanism to drive the code disk (5) to move and adjust the position of the code disk (5) so that its center line and the center line of the central axis (1) are coaxial.

8. The encoder bearing code disk (5) installation and positioning method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step one, the reference line for the code disk (5) is the circular mark on the code disk (5), and the reference line for the central axis (1) is the circular outline of the outer or inner diameter of the shaft.

9. The encoder bearing code disk (5) installation and positioning method according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning part (8), which is an annular part arranged along the outer diameter of the central axis. The upper end face of the positioning part (8) has an identifiable arc (10), which is arranged coaxially with the code disk (5). The upper end face of the positioning part (8) is flush with the upper end face of the code disk (5). In step three, the code disk (5) is sleeved on the outside of the positioning part (8), and the reference line of the central axis (1) is the circular outline of the outer edge of the upper end face of the positioning part (8).

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