A device and method for testing the mechanical properties of conveyor belts

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of testing technology. It discloses a conveyor belt mechanical property testing device, comprising a conveyor belt, a loading device, and a computing system. A flexible mechanical sensor is installed within the conveyor belt, and a laser rangefinder is mounted on the loading device to characterize the deformation of the conveyor belt. The computer processing system processes the mechanical signals detected by the flexible mechanical sensor and the distance signals detected by the laser rangefinder, thereby outputting the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt. By employing a flexible mechanical sensor and a computer-controlled loading device to conduct different loading experiments, the stress conditions of the conveyor belt under different working conditions are simulated and calculated. Based on the results, the selection of the conveyor belt in actual production design is guided, effectively improving the matching degree between the conveyor belt and the working conditions, extending the service life of the conveyor, and reducing accidents caused by conveyor belt breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of testing technology, and in particular relates to a device and method for testing the mechanical properties of conveyor belts. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, belt conveyors have become a common type of transportation equipment in the field of freight transport. The conveyor belt, as the transport carrier, directly affects the efficiency and reliability of the conveyor system. Currently, when selecting conveyor belts, only the type of material being transported is considered, ensuring sufficient strength and that the surface rubber coating does not corrode during material-belt contact. However, in actual operation, factors such as load fluctuations and the quality of the transported material all affect the conveyor belt's performance. Simply considering strength and corrosion resistance has limitations and cannot adequately select a rubber conveyor belt suitable for the current working conditions. Inappropriate selection of a suitable conveyor belt may lead to excessive wear, short service life, and frequent belt breakage, affecting the reliability of the belt conveyor. Therefore, it is necessary to design a conveyor belt mechanical property testing device and method to simulate and measure the mechanical properties of the conveyor belt under different conditions, providing guidance for conveyor belt selection in actual production design and addressing the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a conveyor belt mechanical property testing device and method. The device includes a conveyor belt, a loading device, and a computing system. A flexible mechanical sensor is installed within the conveyor belt to detect the stress on the belt during external force loading. A laser rangefinder is mounted on the loading device to calculate the distance change between the laser rangefinders at both ends of the conveyor belt before and after stretching, thus characterizing the deformation of the conveyor belt. The computer processing system processes the mechanical signals detected by the flexible mechanical sensor and the distance signals detected by the laser rangefinder, and outputs the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt. By employing a flexible mechanical sensor and a computer-controlled loading device to conduct different loading experiments, the stress on the conveyor belt under different working conditions is simulated and calculated. The results guide the selection of conveyor belts in actual production design, effectively improving the matching degree between the conveyor belt and the working conditions, extending the service life of the conveyor belt, and reducing accidents caused by conveyor belt breakage.

[0004] Furthermore, the conveyor belt is supported at both ends of the loading device, and the loading device is used to load the conveyor belt. The loading load is set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading.

[0005] Furthermore, the computer system collects the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt during the loading process, and then simulates the working condition of the conveyor belt under actual working conditions based on the damping coefficient during the loading process. Based on the working condition of the conveyor belt, the mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt are determined, and the obtained mechanical properties are compared with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt during the stretching process. Based on the current working conditions, a reasonable conveyor belt is selected for use to prevent the belt conveyor from being affected by an unfavorable selection of the conveyor belt.

[0006] Furthermore, the loading device is provided with a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail, and the loading device can be selected to move along the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail under the control of a computer.

[0007] On the other hand, this invention also provides a method for testing the mechanical properties of a conveyor belt, using the aforementioned testing device, and the steps are as follows:

[0008] S1: Load both ends of the conveyor belt sample using a loading device, with the loading load set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading;

[0009] S2: Read the distance change data between the laser rangefinders at both ends of the conveyor belt before and after stretching, which is used to characterize the deformation of the conveyor belt and obtain the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt;

[0010] S3: The computer issues a command, and the loading device slides in the longitudinal and transverse directions to complete the sinusoidal loading of displacement;

[0011] S4: Calculate the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt under the displacement fluctuation loading condition obtained by the computer in step S3;

[0012] S5: Based on the damping coefficient described in S4, the working load of the conveyor belt under actual working conditions is simulated. The mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt are determined based on the simulated working load. The obtained mechanical properties are compared with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt during the stretching process to provide a reference for conveyor belt selection.

[0013] S6: Replace the conveyor belt and reset the loading conditions, repeat the steps S1-S4 above to obtain another set of damping coefficients, and compare them using the method in S5.

[0014] S7: Based on the above comparison results, we provide selection criteria for the corresponding conveyor belt under simulated production conditions to provide a reference for actual production.

[0015] In actual production, belt conveyors typically use steel wire rope as the skeleton and rubber as the matrix. There are many types of rubber and various steel wire rope splicing methods. Selecting the appropriate steel wire rope splicing method and rubber type is crucial for conveyor belt selection. This invention employs flexible mechanical sensors and a computer-controlled loading device to conduct different loading experiments, simulating and calculating the stress on the conveyor belt under different working conditions. The results guide the selection of the conveyor belt in actual production design, effectively improving the matching degree between the conveyor belt and the working conditions, extending the service life of the conveyor, and reducing accidents caused by conveyor belt breakage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more fully clear from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar elements are indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slide rail structure in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt steel wire rope core overlapping scheme of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second method for overlapping the steel wire rope core of the conveyor belt according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third overlapping scheme for the steel wire rope core of the conveyor belt according to the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, 1-conveyor belt, 2-loading section, 3-laser rangefinder, 4-flexible mechanical sensor, 5-steel wire rope core, 6-core adhesive, 7-cover adhesive, 8-system computer, 9-longitudinal guide rail, 10-transverse guide rail. Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description unfolds. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions to the details and form of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, but all such modifications and substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Terms such as "comprising" and "including" indicate that, in addition to the components directly and explicitly stated in the specification and claims, the technical solution of the present invention does not exclude the presence of other components not directly or explicitly stated. In the description herein, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," and "rear" are used. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts used to describe and clarify relative positions, and their specific orientations can change accordingly based on variations in the orientation of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a mechanical property testing device for a conveyor belt 1 is provided, including a conveyor belt 1, a loading device 2, and a computing and processing system. A flexible mechanical sensor 4 is installed inside the conveyor belt 1, which can detect the stress on the conveyor belt 1 during external force loading. A laser rangefinder 3 is installed on the loading device 2, which is used to calculate the distance change between the laser rangefinders 3 at both ends of the conveyor belt 1 before and after stretching, thus characterizing the deformation of the conveyor belt 1. The computer processing system processes the mechanical signals detected by the flexible mechanical sensor 4 and the distance signals detected by the laser rangefinder 3, and then outputs the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt. By using the flexible mechanical sensor 4 and the computer-controlled loading device 2 to conduct different loading experiments, the stress on the conveyor belt under different working conditions is simulated and calculated. Based on the results, the selection of the conveyor belt in actual production design is guided, effectively improving the matching degree between the conveyor belt and the working conditions, increasing the service life of the conveyor belt, and reducing accidents caused by problems such as conveyor belt 1 breakage.

[0027] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the conveyor belt 1 used for testing has a flexible mechanical sensor 4 pre-installed inside through mechanical processing. The conveyor belt 1 is covered with cover rubber 7 on the top and bottom, and has a steel wire rope core 5 and core rubber 6 in the middle.

[0028] The conveyor belt 1 is supported at both ends by the loading device 2, which applies a load to the conveyor belt 1. The load is set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading. The loading device 2 is equipped with a transverse guide rail 10 and a longitudinal guide rail 9. Under computer control, the loading device 2 can select to move along the transverse guide rail 10 and the longitudinal guide rail 9. The loading device 2 receives input signals from the computer system and selects loading load parameters according to the loading characteristics input by the computer system to load the conveyor belt 1. After loading, the computer system calculates the mechanical parameters of the current conveyor belt 1 sample to guide the selection of conveyor belt 1 in the actual production process.

[0029] Specifically, the computer system collects the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt 1 during the loading process, simulates the working condition of the conveyor belt 1 under actual working conditions based on the damping coefficient during the loading process, judges the mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt 1 based on the working condition of the conveyor belt 1, compares the obtained mechanical properties with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt 1 during the stretching process, and selects a reasonable conveyor belt 1 for use based on the current working conditions to prevent the unfavorable selection of the conveyor belt 1 from affecting the normal operation of the belt conveyor.

[0030] On the other hand, this invention also provides a method for testing the mechanical properties of a conveyor belt 1. The testing device described above is used for the test, and the steps are as follows: S1: Loading the two ends of the conveyor belt 1 sample with a loading device 2, the loading load being set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading; S2: Reading the distance change data between the laser rangefinders 3 at both ends of the conveyor belt 1 before and after tensioning, used to characterize the deformation of the conveyor belt 1 and obtain the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt 1; S3: The computer issues an instruction, and the loading device 2 slides in the longitudinal guide rail 9 and the transverse guide rail 10 directions to complete the sinusoidal loading of displacement; S4: The computer calculates the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt 1 under the displacement fluctuation loading condition obtained in step S3; S5: Based on the damping coefficient described in S4, the working load of the conveyor belt 1 under the actual working conditions of the belt conveyor is simulated, and the mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt 1 are determined based on the simulated working load of the conveyor belt 1. The obtained mechanical properties are compared with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt 1 during the tensioning process to provide a reference for selecting the conveyor belt 1. S6: Replace conveyor belt 1 and reset the loading conditions, repeat steps S1-S4 above to obtain another set of damping coefficients, and compare them using the method in S5. S7: Based on the above comparison results, provide selection criteria for conveyor belt 1 under simulated production conditions, providing a reference for actual production.

[0031] In this embodiment, in steps S1 and S2, the loading device 2 is equipped with clamping parts at both ends to ensure that the test conveyor belt 1 is tightened. Laser rangefinders 3 are respectively installed at both ends of the clamping parts. The laser rangefinders 3 can measure the distance between the two laser rangefinders 3 before and after the sample conveyor belt 1 is stretched, calculate the distance difference between the laser rangefinders 3 before and after stretching, and use the system computer 8 to calculate the elastic modulus of the current conveyor belt 1 sample according to the following formula: ∆L= (l1-l0); K=F / ∆L

[0032] in: ∆L L1 represents the elongation of the conveyor belt, where l0 is the initial distance and l1 is the distance after stretching. K For elastic modulus, F This is used to detect the magnitude of force by a flexible mechanical sensor.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the steel wire rope core 5 in the conveyor belt 1 has multiple strands, and the overlapping and arrangement of the steel wire rope core 5 in the conveyor belt 1 are also varied, such as... Figures 4-6 The overlapping method of the steel wire rope core 5 inside the conveyor belt 1 is a common practice. The materials used for the surface covering rubber 7 of the conveyor belt 1 also vary, commonly including styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR), each with different mechanical properties. The loads experienced by the belt conveyor during operation can be divided into two categories: tensile loads and impact loads. Tensile loads, where a higher elastic modulus of the conveyor belt 1 provides stronger resistance to tensile deformation. Impact loads, generated during the transport of goods, are mostly sinusoidal fluctuations. A higher damping coefficient of the conveyor belt 1 results in greater stability under fluctuating loads. Therefore, experiments are needed to select a more suitable conveyor belt for different working conditions. Since the rubber conveyor belt 1 is a non-elastic body, its elastic modulus and damping coefficient are related to the arrangement and overlapping method of the steel wire rope core 5, the number of steel wire rope cores 5, the magnitude of the external force, and the amplitude and frequency of the applied load. Therefore, experiments are needed to simulate the actual working environment to select a more suitable conveyor belt 1 for production.

[0034] In actual production, belt conveyors typically use steel wire rope as the skeleton and rubber as the matrix. There are many types of rubber and various steel wire rope splicing methods. Selecting a suitable steel wire rope splicing method and rubber type is crucial for choosing the right conveyor belt. In this invention, flexible mechanical sensors and computer-controlled loading devices are used to conduct different loading experiments, simulating and calculating the stress on the conveyor belt under different working conditions. The results guide the selection of the conveyor belt in actual production design, effectively improving the matching degree between the conveyor belt and the working conditions, extending the service life of the conveyor, and reducing accidents caused by conveyor belt breakage.

Claims

1. A conveyor belt mechanical property testing device, comprising a conveyor belt, a loading device, and a computer processing system, characterized in that: The conveyor belt is equipped with a flexible mechanical sensor, which can detect the stress on the conveyor belt during the application of external forces. The loading device is equipped with a laser rangefinder, which is used to calculate the change in distance between the laser rangefinders at both ends of the conveyor belt before and after stretching, and is used to characterize the deformation of the conveyor belt. The computer processing system is used to process the mechanical signals detected by the flexible mechanical sensor and the distance signals detected by the laser rangefinder, and then output the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is clamped at both ends of the loading device, and the loading device is used to load the conveyor belt. The loading load is set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading. The computer processing system collects the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt during the loading process, and then simulates the working condition of the conveyor belt under actual working conditions based on the damping coefficient during the loading process. Based on the working condition of the conveyor belt, the mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt are determined, and the obtained mechanical properties are compared with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt during the stretching process. Based on the current working conditions, a reasonable conveyor belt is selected for use to prevent the belt conveyor from being affected by an unsuitable selection.

2. The conveyor belt mechanical property testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading device is equipped with a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail. Under the control of a computer, the loading device can select to move along the transverse guide rail and the longitudinal guide rail.

3. A method for testing the mechanical properties of a conveyor belt, characterized in that: The testing is performed using the testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2, and the steps are as follows: S1: Load both ends of the conveyor belt sample using a loading device, with the loading load set as tensile loading and displacement fluctuation loading; S2: Read the distance change data between the laser rangefinders at both ends of the conveyor belt before and after stretching, which is used to characterize the deformation of the conveyor belt and obtain the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt; S3: The computer issues a command, and the loading device slides along the longitudinal and transverse guide rails to complete the sinusoidal loading of displacement. S4: Calculate the damping coefficient of the conveyor belt under the displacement fluctuation loading condition obtained by the computer in step S3; S5: Based on the damping coefficient described in S4, the working load of the conveyor belt under actual working conditions is simulated. The mechanical properties of the current experimental conveyor belt are determined based on the simulated working load. The obtained mechanical properties are compared with the elastic modulus of the conveyor belt during the stretching process to provide a reference for conveyor belt selection. S6: Replace the conveyor belt and reset the loading conditions, repeat the steps S1-S4 above to obtain another set of damping coefficients, and compare them using the method in S5; S7: Based on the above comparison results, we provide selection criteria for the corresponding conveyor belt under simulated production conditions to provide a reference for actual production.

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