A cyclone distillation column and a push-pull cyclone distillation system

Abstract

This invention discloses a cyclone distillation column and a push-pull cyclone distillation system. The cyclone distillation column includes a column body, cyclone vanes, and an evaporator. The cyclone vanes are disposed within the column body, and the cyclone vanes, column body, and central shaft tube enclose a vaporization chamber. A dilute ethanol solution enters the vaporization chamber through a first inlet and swirls downwards along the upper surface of the cyclone vanes under gravity. The liquid in the evaporator is heated to generate water vapor, which enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upwards along the lower surface of the cyclone vanes. The heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution through the cyclone vanes. The dilute ethanol solution in the vaporization chamber absorbs heat and vaporizes into ethanol gas, which spirals upwards within the vaporization chamber. After the heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution, the water vapor releases heat and liquefies, becoming liquid and spiraling downwards under gravity, returning to the evaporator. This cyclone distillation column achieves simultaneous vaporization and condensation, thereby reducing energy consumption, decreasing resistance, and improving distillation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ethanol distillation equipment technology, specifically to a cyclone distillation column and a push-pull cyclone distillation system. Background Technology

[0002] A distillation column is a tower-shaped vapor-liquid contact device used for distillation. Currently, the commonly used ethanol distillation equipment in China includes plate distillation columns and packed distillation columns.

[0003] The working principle of a plate distillation column is that several layers of trays are horizontally arranged at certain intervals inside a cylindrical shell. The liquid flows from top to bottom through each tray under the action of gravity and is discharged from the bottom of the column. Each tray maintains a certain thickness of flowing liquid layer. The gas, driven by the pressure difference, rises from the bottom of the column through the liquid layer on each tray and is discharged from the top of the column.

[0004] The working principle of a packed distillation column is to fill a cylindrical shell with packing material of a certain height. Liquid is evenly distributed on the top of the packing layer by a spray device at the top of the column, and flows down the packing layer under gravity before being discharged from the bottom of the column. Gas, driven by the pressure difference, passes through the voids in the packing layer and flows from one end of the column to the other. Gas and liquid come into contact on the packing surface and exchange mass and heat, and the composition of the two phases changes continuously along the height of the column.

[0005] Both plate distillation columns and packed distillation columns have the disadvantage of high reflux ratio, high energy consumption, and low output. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of low output and high energy consumption of the existing distillation column, thereby providing a cyclone distillation column and push-pull cyclone distillation system that reduces energy consumption and increases output.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A cyclone distillation column includes: a column body, cyclone blades, and an evaporator; a central tube is provided in the column body; the cyclone blades are disposed between the column body and the central tube, the cyclone blades are spirally wound along the axial direction of the central tube, the inner circumference of the cyclone blades is fixedly connected to the central tube, and the outer circumference of the cyclone blades is sealed to the column body; the cyclone blades, the column body, and the central tube enclose a vaporization chamber; a first inlet is provided on the side wall of the column body, and a dilute ethanol solution flows into the vaporization chamber from the first inlet and swirls downward along the upper surface of the cyclone blades; the evaporator is located at the bottom of the column body, and the evaporator is connected to the vaporization chamber; water vapor in the evaporator enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upward; the water vapor and the dilute ethanol solution exchange heat through the cyclone blades.

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the cyclone distillation column further includes: an inner sleeve and a preheating pipe, the inner sleeve being sleeved between the column body and the central shaft tube, the inner sleeve passing through the cyclone blades, the outer periphery of the inner sleeve, the inner peripheral wall of the column body, and a portion of the cyclone blades located between the outer periphery of the inner sleeve and the inner peripheral wall of the column body forming a preheating cavity, the preheating cavity and the vaporization cavity being isolated from each other, a second liquid inlet communicating with the preheating cavity being provided on the column body, a preheating liquid outlet communicating with the bottom of the preheating cavity being provided at the bottom of the column body, and a preheating liquid inlet being provided on the peripheral wall of the inner sleeve, the preheating liquid inlet being disposed opposite to the first liquid inlet;

[0010] The preheating pipe is located outside the tower body. One end of the preheating pipe is connected to the preheating liquid outlet, and the other end of the preheating pipe passes through the first liquid inlet and is connected to the preheating liquid inlet.

[0011] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the inner sleeve is formed by a steel sheet spirally wound along the axial direction of the central tube, the spiral wound direction of the steel sheet being opposite to the spiral wound direction of the blade, and the upper and lower sides of the steel sheet being sealed to the blade.

[0012] The preheating cavity is formed by the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve, the inner wall of the tower body, and the upper surface of the portion of the rotary blade located between the inner sleeve and the tower body.

[0013] The vaporization chamber is formed by the inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve, the outer circumference of the central tube, and the portion of the rotating blades located between the inner sleeve and the central tube.

[0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the inner sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and the rotary blades include:

[0015] The first vane is spirally wound between the tower body and the inner sleeve. The outer periphery of the first vane is sealed to the inner wall of the tower body, and the inner periphery of the first vane is sealed to the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve. The inner wall of the tower body, the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve, and the first vane together form the preheating cavity.

[0016] The second vane is spirally wound between the inner sleeve and the central tube. The outer circumference of the second vane is sealed to the inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve, and the inner circumference of the second vane is sealed to the outer circumferential wall of the central tube. The inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve, the outer circumferential wall of the central tube, and the second vane together form the vaporization chamber.

[0017] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the height of the first liquid inlet is lower than the height of the second liquid inlet, and the preheating chamber, the preheating liquid outlet and the preheating pipe form a U-shaped pipeline;

[0018] Multiple liquid inlets and multiple preheating liquid inlets are provided, and the multiple liquid inlets and multiple preheating liquid inlets are arranged alternately at intervals along the height of the tower body.

[0019] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a temperature sensor is provided at the upper end of the second liquid inlet, the first liquid inlet, and the preheated liquid outlet.

[0020] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the upper surface of the rotary blade is provided with a plurality of flow-blocking dams at intervals along the helical direction of the rotary blade, and the length direction of the flow-blocking dams is consistent with the width direction of the rotary blade.

[0021] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the bottom of the tower body is provided with a drain port that connects the vaporization chamber and the evaporator, and the drain port is provided with a valve.

[0022] This invention also provides a push-pull cyclone distillation system, comprising: a cyclone distillation column, a first condensing structure, a second condensing structure, and a storage tank; the upper end of the cyclone distillation column is provided with an outlet, and ethanol is discharged from the outlet after absorbing heat and vaporizing in the cyclone distillation column; the first condensing structure includes a condenser, a heat exchanger, a compressor, and an expansion valve; the condenser is disposed above the cyclone distillation column, and the condenser is provided with a condensation chamber and a heat exchange chamber, the inlet of the condensation chamber is connected to the outlet, the heat exchange chamber is provided with refrigerant, the outer peripheral wall of the condenser is provided with a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerant inlet connected to the heat exchange chamber, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the compressor inlet, and the compressor outlet... The heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant inlet through the expansion valve. The heat exchanger exchanges heat with the evaporator of the cyclone distillation column to provide heat to the evaporator. The inlet of the second condensing structure is connected to the outlet of the condenser. The second condensing structure has a first concentration outlet and a second concentration outlet. A reflux port is opened on the upper side wall of the cyclone distillation column. The first concentration outlet and the reflux port are connected through a reflux pipe. The second concentration outlet is connected to the storage tank. After the ethanol gas flows out from the outlet, it passes through the first condensing structure and the second condensing structure in sequence and then flows into the storage tank from the second concentration outlet.

[0023] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the reflux port includes a first reflux port and a second reflux port, the first reflux port and the second reflux port being distributed at intervals along the height direction of the cyclone distillation column;

[0024] The return pipe includes a main pipe, a first branch pipe, and a second branch pipe. One end of the main pipe is connected to the first concentration outlet, and the other end of the main pipe is connected to a tee connector. A density meter is installed on the main pipe. One end of the first branch pipe and one end of the second branch pipe are connected to the other end of the main pipe through the tee connector. The other end of the first branch pipe is connected to the first return port, and the other end of the second branch pipe is connected to the second return port. A first concentration rotor flow meter is installed on the first branch pipe, and a second concentration rotor flow meter is installed on the second branch pipe.

[0025] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The cyclone distillation column provided by this invention has cyclone blades disposed within the column body. The cyclone blades, column body, and central shaft tube enclose a vaporization chamber. A dilute ethanol solution enters the vaporization chamber through a first inlet and swirls downwards along the upper surface of the cyclone blades under gravity. Liquid in the evaporator is heated to generate water vapor, which enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upwards along the lower surface of the cyclone blades. The heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution through the cyclone blades. The dilute ethanol solution absorbs heat and vaporizes into ethanol gas, which spirals upwards within the vaporization chamber. After the heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution, the water vapor releases heat and liquefies, mixing with the dilute ethanol solution in the vaporization chamber. Under gravity, the mixture spirals downwards and flows back into the evaporator. This cyclone distillation column achieves simultaneous evaporation and condensation, thereby reducing energy consumption, decreasing resistance, and improving distillation efficiency.

[0027] 2. The cyclone distillation column provided by this invention uses an inner sleeve to separate a preheating chamber from the vaporization chamber. A dilute ethanol solution is first introduced into the preheating chamber through a second inlet. The dilute ethanol solution swirls downwards along the upper surface of the cyclone blades. The preheating chamber and the vaporization chamber are isolated by the inner sleeve. The heat from the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution in the preheating chamber through the inner sleeve and the cyclone blades, thus initially heating the solution. The preheated dilute ethanol solution flows out from the preheated liquid outlet at the bottom, passes through an external preheating pipe, and then flows into the vaporization chamber through the preheated liquid inlet of the inner sleeve for vaporization. Under the heating of the water vapor, the preheated dilute ethanol solution rapidly vaporizes from liquid ethanol into gaseous ethanol, thereby improving distillation efficiency and increasing yield.

[0028] 3. In the cyclone distillation column provided by this invention, the height of the first inlet is lower than that of the second inlet. The preheating chamber, preheating liquid outlet, and preheating pipe form a U-shaped pipeline. This allows the preheated dilute ethanol solution to smoothly enter the vaporization chamber under atmospheric pressure after entering the preheating chamber through the second inlet, due to the U-shaped pipeline. Multiple first inlets, second inlets, and preheating liquid inlets are provided. A group consists of a first inlet and a preheating liquid inlet at the same height, along with a second inlet adjacent to the first inlet but at a lower height. Multiple groups are provided to accommodate dilute ethanol solutions at different temperatures, improving versatility.

[0029] 4. The cyclone distillation column provided by the present invention has temperature sensors installed at the upper ends of the second liquid inlet, the first liquid inlet and the preheated liquid outlet to monitor the temperature of the dilute ethanol solution in real time, thereby adjusting the inlet and outlet positions of the dilute ethanol solution in real time to improve the distillation efficiency of dilute ethanol.

[0030] 5. The cyclone distillation column provided by the present invention reduces the flow velocity of the dilute ethanol solution by setting multiple flow-blocking dams at intervals on the upper surface of the cyclone blades, so that the dilute ethanol can easily absorb heat and vaporize fully, thereby improving the distillation efficiency of dilute ethanol and increasing production capacity.

[0031] 6. The push-pull cyclone distillation system provided by this invention, when a dilute ethanol solution is introduced into the cyclone distillation column, the compressor of the first condensing structure starts, thereby heating the refrigerant. The heated refrigerant flows through a heat exchanger, supplying heat to the evaporator to heat the liquid in the evaporator, thus vaporizing and distilling the dilute ethanol solution. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger is heated by the expansion valve to form a low-temperature refrigerant, which re-enters the heat exchange chamber to initially condense the gaseous ethanol in the condensing chamber. Part of the gaseous ethanol flowing out of the cyclone distillation column is condensed into liquid in the first condensing structure and returned to the cyclone distillation column for revaporization and distillation; the other part is further condensed into high-concentration ethanol in the second condensing structure and stored in a storage tank. This push-pull cyclone distillation system, through secondary condensation, fully condenses a large amount of low-boiling-point gaseous ethanol, thereby reducing the reflux rate, reducing the number of times the ethanol is repeatedly reheated in the column, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency. Furthermore, the first condensing structure provides a heat source for heating the evaporator while condensing the gaseous ethanol, which can greatly reduce energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the push-pull cyclone distillation system provided in the second aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial view of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a cyclone distillation column provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Evaporator; 2. Tower body; 3. Rotary vane; 4. Central shaft tube; 5. Inner sleeve; 6. Condenser; 7. Compressor; 8. Heat exchanger; 9. Expansion valve; 10. Second condensing structure; 11. Liquid storage tank; 12. Storage tank; 13. Inlet pump; 14. Inlet valve; 21. First inlet; 22. Preheated liquid outlet; 23. Second inlet; 24. Preheating valve; 101. First concentration outlet; 102. Second concentration outlet; 103. Densitometer. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention proposes a cyclone distillation column, comprising: a column body 2, cyclone blades 3, and an evaporator 1; a central tube 4 is provided inside the column body 2; the cyclone blades 3 are disposed between the column body 2 and the central tube 4, the cyclone blades 3 are spirally wound along the axial direction of the central tube 4, the inner circumference of the cyclone blades 3 is fixedly connected to the central tube 4, and the outer circumference of the cyclone blades 3 is sealed to the column body 2, the cyclone blades 3, the column body 2, and the central tube 4 enclose a vaporization chamber, a first liquid inlet 21 is provided on the side wall of the column body 2, a dilute ethanol solution flows into the vaporization chamber from the first liquid inlet 21 and swirls downward along the upper surface of the cyclone blades 3; the evaporator 1 is located at the bottom of the column body 2, the evaporator 1 is connected to the vaporization chamber, the water vapor in the evaporator 1 enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upward along the lower surface of the cyclone blades 3, and the water vapor and ethanol solution exchange heat through the cyclone blades 3.

[0042] Specifically, a central tube 4 is installed inside the tower body 2. The tower body 2 is cylindrical, and the central tube 4 is coaxial with the tower body 2. The central tube 4 is used to fix and install the rotary blade 3. The outer circumference of the rotary blade 3 is sealed to the inner circumference of the tower body 2, and the inner circumference of the rotary blade 3 is fixedly welded to the central tube 4. The rotary blade 3, the tower body 2, and the central tube 4 enclose and form a vaporization chamber, which is spirally arranged along the axial direction of the central tube 4.

[0043] A dilute ethanol solution is stored in a storage tank 11. The solution is drawn from the storage tank 11 by an inlet pump 13. The storage tank 11 and the first inlet 21 are connected by an inlet pipe. The inlet pump 13 is positioned between the storage tank 11 and the first inlet 21. An inlet valve 14 is also installed on the inlet pipe to control the flow rate of the dilute ethanol solution, preventing excessive flow and ensuring complete distillation. The dilute ethanol solution flows through the inlet valve 14 and enters the vaporization chamber from the first inlet 21. Under gravity, it spirals downwards along the upper surface of the rotary blades 3. The liquid in the evaporator 1 is heated to generate water vapor, which enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upwards along the lower surface of the rotary blades 3. In the vaporization chamber, the heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution through the swirl vanes 3. The dilute ethanol solution in the vaporization chamber absorbs heat and vaporizes into gaseous ethanol. The gaseous ethanol spirals upward within the vaporization chamber and exits from the outlet at the top of the column body 2. The heat of the water vapor is transferred to the dilute ethanol solution, causing the water vapor to release heat and liquefy, falling back into the dilute ethanol solution. Under the influence of gravity, it spirals downward and flows back into the evaporator 1. This cyclone distillation column achieves simultaneous vaporization and condensation, thereby reducing energy consumption, decreasing resistance, and improving distillation efficiency.

[0044] It is understood that no packing is needed in the vaporization chamber of this cyclone distillation column, thereby increasing the flow velocity of gaseous ethanol within the vaporization chamber. In some embodiments of the present invention, when the temperature at the middle section of the vaporization chamber is 70°C, the specific volume of saturated water vapor is 5.05 m³. 3 / kg, the specific volume of saturated gaseous ethanol is 1.1933m³. 3 / Kg, in this embodiment, the vertical cross-section formed between the upper and lower layers of rotating blades 3 is 0.0189㎡. When the output is 1 ton, the linear velocities of water vapor and gaseous ethanol in the vaporization chamber are 12.3m / s and 2.77m / s, respectively. The height from the middle section to the top of the tower body 2 is 5.5m, and the total rotation length of the rotating blades 3 is 78m. It only takes 6 seconds for the gaseous ethanol in the vaporization chamber to travel from the middle section of the tower body 2 to the top of the tower body 2, while it takes 28 seconds for the water vapor to travel from the middle section to the top of the tower body 2. Inside the vaporization chamber, at 78.1℃, the water vapor with a higher azeotropic point is thrown onto the inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve 5 by centrifugal force. The temperature of the water vapor decreases as the water vapor rises, causing the saturated water vapor to condense into water below its boiling point and be separated by the high-speed gaseous ethanol at 12.3m / s.

[0045] In a first aspect of the present invention, the cyclone distillation column further includes: an inner sleeve 5 and a preheating pipe. The inner sleeve 5 is sleeved between the column body 2 and the central shaft pipe 4. The inner sleeve 5 passes through the cyclone blades 3. The outer periphery of the inner sleeve 5, the inner peripheral wall of the column body 2, and a portion of the cyclone blades 3 located between the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 5 and the inner peripheral wall of the column body 2 form a preheating cavity. The preheating cavity and the vaporization cavity are isolated from each other. A second liquid inlet 23 communicating with the preheating cavity is opened on the column body 2. A preheating liquid outlet 22 communicating with the bottom of the preheating cavity is opened at the bottom of the column body 2. A preheating liquid inlet is opened on the peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 5 at a position corresponding to the first liquid inlet 21.

[0046] The preheating pipe is located outside the tower body 2. One end of the preheating pipe is connected to the preheating liquid outlet 22, and the other end of the preheating pipe passes through the first liquid inlet 21 and is connected to the preheating liquid inlet.

[0047] Specifically, an inner sleeve 5 is installed inside the cyclone distillation column, which passes through the cyclone blades 3. The outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 5, the inner peripheral wall of the column body 2, and the upper surface of the cyclone blades 3 located between the inner sleeve 5 and the column body 2 form a preheating chamber. A second liquid inlet 23 is provided on the column body 2. At this time, one end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank 11, and the other end is connected to the second liquid inlet 23. When the liquid inlet pump 13 is started, the dilute ethanol solution enters the preheating chamber from the second liquid inlet 23 and swirls from top to bottom under the action of gravity. As the water vapor generated by heating in the evaporator 1 spirals upward in the vaporization chamber, the preheating chamber and the vaporization chamber are separated by the inner sleeve 5. The heat of the water vapor is transferred to the cyclone blades 3 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby preheating the dilute ethanol solution in the preheating chamber. A preheating liquid inlet is provided on the inner sleeve 5, and a preheating liquid outlet 22 communicating with the preheating chamber is provided at the bottom of the tower body 2. One end of the preheating pipe located outside the tower body 2 is connected to the preheating liquid outlet 22, and the other end passes through the first liquid inlet 21 and is connected to the preheating liquid inlet. At this time, the first liquid inlet 21 on the tower body 2 serves as an installation hole to facilitate the layout and installation of the preheating pipe. A preheating valve 24 is provided on the preheating pipe to control the flow rate of the preheated dilute ethanol solution, so as to better control the distillation of the dilute ethanol solution.

[0048] The preheated dilute ethanol solution flows out from the preheating liquid outlet 22, passes through the preheating pipe, and enters the vaporization chamber through the preheating liquid inlet, where it undergoes vaporization distillation. The preheated dilute ethanol solution has an increased temperature and internal energy; upon entering the vaporization chamber, it absorbs a small amount of heat energy, and the liquid ethanol vaporizes. The preheating chamber effectively improves distillation efficiency and further increases production capacity.

[0049] It is understandable that insulation cotton is wrapped around the preheating pipe to prevent heat loss from the preheated dilute ethanol solution.

[0050] In a first aspect of the present invention, the inner sleeve 5 is formed by a steel sheet spirally wound along the axial direction of the central tube 4, the spiral wound direction of the steel sheet is opposite to the spiral wound direction of the blade 3, and the upper and lower sides of the steel sheet are sealed to the blade 3.

[0051] The outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve 5, the inner wall of the tower body 2, and the upper surface of the part of the rotating blades 3 located between the inner sleeve 5 and the tower body 2 enclose a preheating cavity.

[0052] The inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve 5, the outer circumference of the central shaft tube 4, and the portion of the rotating blades 3 located between the inner sleeve 5 and the central shaft tube 4 form a vaporization chamber.

[0053] Specifically, when the rotary blade 3 is an integral unit, the inner sleeve 5 is formed by a steel sheet spirally wound along the axis of the central tube 4. The steel sheet and the rotary blade 3 are fixed together by welding. The advantage of this design is that it facilitates heat transfer. Since the rotary blade 3 is an integral design, the heat from the water vapor in the vaporization chamber can be better transferred to the portion of the rotary blade 3 located between the tower body 2 and the inner sleeve 5, thereby preheating the dilute ethanol solution in the preheating chamber. In some embodiments of the present invention, the spiral angle, width, and pitch of the steel sheet are the same as those of the rotary blade 3.

[0054] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the inner sleeve 5 is a hollow cylinder, and the rotary blade 3 includes:

[0055] The first vane is spirally wound between the tower body 2 and the inner sleeve 5. The outer circumference of the first vane is sealed to the inner wall of the tower body 2, and the inner circumference of the first vane is sealed to the outer wall of the inner sleeve 5. The inner wall of the tower body 2, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 5, and the first vane together form a preheating cavity.

[0056] The second vane is spirally wound between the inner sleeve 5 and the central tube 4. The outer circumference of the second vane is sealed to the inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve 5, and the inner circumference of the second vane is sealed to the outer circumferential wall of the central tube 4. The inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve 5, the outer circumferential wall of the central tube 4, and the second vane together form a vaporization chamber.

[0057] Specifically, when the inner sleeve is a hollow cylinder, the rotary blade 3 includes a first rotary blade 3 and a second rotary blade 3. In this case, the second rotary blade 3 is first fixedly welded to the central shaft tube 4. A rectangular steel sheet is then bent and welded along the outer circumference of the second rotary blade 3, forming the inner sleeve. The first rotary blade 3 is then fixedly welded to the outer wall of the inner sleeve. This configuration facilitates processing. Since the first and second rotary blades 3 are isolated by the inner sleeve, the first rotary blade 3 no longer heats the preheating chamber; the dilute ethanol solution in the preheating chamber is heated solely by the inner sleeve. This configuration ensures that the vaporization chamber remains at a high temperature to allow for thorough distillation of the dilute ethanol solution.

[0058] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the height of the first liquid inlet 21 is lower than the height of the second liquid inlet 23, and the preheating chamber, the preheating liquid outlet 22 and the preheating pipe form a U-shaped pipeline.

[0059] Multiple liquid inlets and multiple preheating liquid inlets are provided, and these multiple liquid inlets and multiple preheating liquid inlets are alternately spaced along the height of the tower body 2.

[0060] Specifically, when the inner sleeve is installed, the first liquid inlet 21 serves as an installation hole, and a seal is provided between the preheating pipe and the first liquid inlet 21. The first liquid inlet 21 and the preheating liquid inlet are at the same horizontal level, and the height of the first liquid inlet 21 is lower than the height of the second liquid inlet 23. The preheating chamber, the preheating liquid outlet 22, and the preheating pipe form a U-shaped pipeline. This allows the preheated dilute ethanol solution to smoothly enter the vaporization chamber under atmospheric pressure after being introduced into the preheating chamber through the second liquid inlet 23, due to the U-shaped pipeline formed by the preheating chamber, the preheating liquid outlet 22, and the preheating pipe.

[0061] It is understandable that multiple first liquid inlets 21, second liquid inlets 23, and preheating liquid inlets are provided. The first liquid inlets 21 and preheating liquid inlets at the same height, as well as the second liquid inlets 23 adjacent to the first liquid inlets 21 and at a lower height, are grouped together. By setting multiple groups, they can be adapted to dilute ethanol solutions at different temperatures, thereby improving versatility.

[0062] When the temperature of the preheated dilute ethanol solution is higher, select the group with the lower setting; when the temperature of the dilute ethanol solution is lower, select the group with the higher setting. This is to improve the distillation efficiency of the dilute ethanol solution and reduce energy consumption.

[0063] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, temperature sensors are provided at the upper ends of the second liquid inlet 23, the first liquid inlet 21, the preheating liquid inlet, and the preheating liquid outlet 22.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, temperature sensors are installed above the first liquid inlet 21, the second liquid inlet 23, the preheated liquid outlet 22, and the preheated liquid inlet to monitor the temperature of the dilute ethanol solution at the first liquid inlet 21, the second liquid inlet 23, the preheated liquid outlet 22, and the preheated liquid inlet in real time. This allows for automatic control of the liquid inlet valve 14 on the liquid inlet pipe and the preheating valve 24 on the preheating pipe, thereby automatically adjusting the height of the dilute ethanol solution entering the vaporization chamber. This achieves precise distillation, improves distillation efficiency, and reduces energy loss.

[0065] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of flow-blocking dams are provided on the upper surface of the rotary blade 3 at intervals along the spiral direction of the rotary blade 3, and the length direction of the flow-blocking dams is consistent with the width direction of the rotary blade 3.

[0066] Specifically, a flow-blocking dam is provided on the upper surface of the rotary blade 3. The function of the flow-blocking dam is to reduce the flow rate of the dilute ethanol solution, ensuring that the dilute ethanol solution is fully preheated in the preheating chamber or fully distilled in the vaporization chamber. This improves the distillation efficiency of the dilute ethanol solution and increases production capacity. The height of the flow-blocking dam is not a limitation of this invention. In addition, the flow-blocking dam located in the vaporization chamber can also prevent the backflow of liquid ethanol from flowing to the bottom of the column body 2. Since the concentration of liquid ethanol returning to the column body 2 is higher than that of the dilute ethanol solution, after distillation, only liquid water remains at the bottom of the column body 2. Therefore, without the flow-blocking dam, if the liquid ethanol flow rate is too fast, it will mix with liquid water at the bottom of the column body 2 to form a dilute ethanol solution, thereby reducing production capacity.

[0067] In a first aspect of the present invention, a drain port communicating with the vaporization chamber and the evaporator 1 is provided at the bottom of the tower body 2, and a valve is provided on the drain port.

[0068] Specifically, after the dilute ethanol solution is distilled, only liquid water is deposited at the bottom of the tower body 2. A liquid level sensor is installed inside the tower body 2. When the liquid water level reaches the preset height, the control system controls the valve on the drain outlet to open and discharge the liquid water into the evaporator 1.

[0069] This invention also provides a push-pull cyclone distillation system, comprising: a cyclone distillation column, a first condensing structure, a second condensing structure 10, and a storage tank 12; the upper end of the column body 2 of the cyclone distillation column is provided with an outlet, and ethanol is discharged from the outlet after absorbing heat and vaporizing in the cyclone distillation column; the first condensing structure includes a condenser 6, a heat exchanger 8, a compressor 7, and an expansion valve 9; the condenser 6 is disposed above the cyclone distillation column, and the condenser 6 is provided with a condensation chamber and a heat exchange chamber, the inlet of the condensation chamber is connected to the outlet, the heat exchange chamber is provided with refrigerant, the outer peripheral wall of the condenser 6 is provided with a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerant inlet connected to the heat exchange chamber, the refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the compressor 7, and the outlet of the compressor 7 is connected to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger 8 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 6, and the outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is connected to the refrigerant inlet through the expansion valve 9. The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat with the evaporator 1 of the cyclone distillation column to provide heat to the evaporator 1. The inlet of the second condensing structure 10 is connected to the outlet of the condenser 6. The second condensing structure 10 is provided with a first concentration outlet 101 and a second concentration outlet 102. A reflux port is opened on the upper side wall of the cyclone distillation column. The first concentration outlet 101 is connected to the reflux port through a reflux pipe. The second concentration outlet 102 is connected to the storage tank 12. After the ethanol gas flows out from the outlet, it is liquefied in sequence through the first condensing structure and the second condensing structure 10, and then flows into the storage tank 12 from the second concentration outlet 102.

[0070] Specifically, when the dilute ethanol solution is introduced into the cyclone distillation column, the compressor 7 of the first condensation structure is started, thereby heating the refrigerant. The heated refrigerant flows through the heat exchanger 8, which supplies heat to the evaporator 1 to heat the liquid in the evaporator 1, thereby vaporizing and distilling the dilute ethanol solution. The temperature of the refrigerant flowing out of the outlet of the heat exchanger 8 decreases, and the temperature further decreases after passing through the expansion valve 9, forming a low-temperature refrigerant. In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the refrigerant exiting through the expansion valve 9 is below 10°C. Specifically, the refrigerant is liquid water.

[0071] The refrigerant re-enters the heat exchange chamber to initially condense the gaseous ethanol in the condensation chamber. A portion of the gaseous ethanol flowing from the cyclone distillation column is condensed into liquid in the first condensation structure and returned to the cyclone distillation column for revaporization and distillation. The other portion enters the second condensation structure 10 and is condensed into high-proof ethanol, which is then stored in the storage tank 12. This push-pull cyclone distillation system, through secondary condensation, fully condenses a large amount of low-boiling-point gaseous ethanol, thereby reducing the reflux rate, decreasing the number of times low-proof ethanol is repeatedly reheated in the column, reducing energy consumption, and improving efficiency. Furthermore, the first condensation structure simultaneously provides a heat source for heating the evaporator 1 while condensing the gaseous ethanol, which can significantly reduce energy consumption.

[0072] In a second aspect of the present invention, the reflux port includes a first reflux port and a second reflux port, and the first reflux port and the second reflux port are distributed at intervals along the height direction of the cyclone distillation column;

[0073] The return pipeline includes a main flow pipe, a first branch pipe, and a second branch pipe. One end of the main flow pipe is connected to the first concentration outlet 101, and the other end of the main flow pipe is connected to a tee connector. A density meter 103 is installed on the main flow pipe. One end of the first branch pipe and one end of the second branch pipe are connected to the other end of the main flow pipe through the tee connector. The other end of the first branch pipe is connected to the first return port, and the other end of the second branch pipe is connected to the second return port. A first concentration rotor flow meter is installed on the first branch pipe, and a second concentration rotor flow meter is installed on the second branch pipe.

[0074] Specifically, in the second condensation structure 10, gaseous ethanol is condensed into liquid and separated into a first concentration of ethanol that does not meet the required concentration and a second concentration of ethanol that meets the required concentration. The first concentration of ethanol flows out from the first concentration outlet 101 and flows back to the cyclone distillation column through the reflux pipe for secondary distillation. The second concentration of ethanol flows into the storage tank 12 for storage.

[0075] To improve the distillation efficiency of refluxed liquid ethanol, a first reflux port and a second reflux port are provided on the cyclone distillation column. The first reflux port is set at a higher height than the second reflux port. After the first concentration ethanol flows out from the first concentration outlet 101, it flows in the main flow tube. The density meter 103 installed on the main flow tube measures the density of the first concentration ethanol. A sampling port is provided on the main flow tube. The main pipe connects the first and second branch pipes via a tee connector. The first branch pipe is equipped with a first concentration rotor flow meter and a first flow valve, while the second branch pipe is equipped with a second concentration rotor flow meter and a second flow valve. The first branch pipe is connected to the first reflux port, and the second branch pipe is connected to the second reflux port. When the concentration of the first concentration ethanol is high, the opening of the first flow valve is widened to allow the first concentration ethanol to flow through the first branch pipe and enter the cyclone distillation column from the higher first reflux port, thereby improving distillation efficiency. Conversely, when the concentration of the first concentration ethanol is low, the opening of the second flow valve is widened to allow the first concentration ethanol to flow through the second branch pipe and enter the cyclone distillation column from the lower second reflux port for thorough distillation.

[0076] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cyclone distillation column, characterized in that, include: Tower body (2), wherein a central shaft tube (4) is provided inside the tower body (2); A rotary blade (3) is disposed between the tower body (2) and the central shaft tube (4). The rotary blade (3) is spirally wound along the axial direction of the central shaft tube (4). The inner circumference of the rotary blade (3) is fixedly connected to the central shaft tube (4), and the outer circumference of the rotary blade (3) is sealed to the tower body (2). The rotary blade (3), the tower body (2), and the central shaft tube (4) enclose a vaporization chamber. A first liquid inlet (21) is provided on the side wall of the tower body (2). Dilute ethanol solution flows into the vaporization chamber from the first liquid inlet (21) and swirls downward along the upper surface of the rotary blade (3). Evaporator (1), the evaporator (1) is located at the bottom of the tower body (2), the evaporator (1) is connected to the vaporization chamber, the water vapor in the evaporator (1) enters the vaporization chamber and spirals upward along the lower surface of the swirl blade (3), the water vapor and the dilute ethanol solution exchange heat through the swirl blade (3); It also includes: an inner sleeve (5) and a preheating pipe. The inner sleeve (5) is sleeved between the tower body (2) and the central shaft pipe (4). The inner sleeve (5) passes through the swivel blade (3). The outer periphery of the inner sleeve (5), the inner wall of the tower body (2), and the portion of the swivel blade (3) located between the outer periphery of the inner sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the tower body (2) form a preheating cavity. The preheating cavity and the vaporization cavity are isolated from each other. A second liquid inlet (23) communicating with the preheating cavity is opened on the tower body (2). A preheating liquid outlet (22) communicating with the bottom of the preheating cavity is opened at the bottom of the tower body (2). A preheating liquid inlet is opened on the periphery of the inner sleeve (5). The preheating liquid inlet is arranged opposite to the first liquid inlet (21). The preheating pipe is located outside the tower body (2). One end of the preheating pipe is connected to the preheating liquid outlet (22), and the other end of the preheating pipe passes through the first liquid inlet (21) and is connected to the preheating liquid inlet.

2. The cyclone distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sleeve (5) is formed by a steel sheet spirally wound along the axial direction of the central tube (4). The spiral wound direction of the steel sheet is opposite to the spiral wound direction of the blade (3), and the upper and lower sides of the steel sheet are sealed to the blade (3). The preheating cavity is formed by the outer peripheral wall of the inner sleeve (5), the inner wall of the tower body (2), and the upper surface of the portion of the rotary blade (3) located between the inner sleeve (5) and the tower body (2); The vaporization chamber is formed by the inner peripheral wall of the inner sleeve (5), the outer periphery of the central tube (4), and the portion of the rotary blade (3) located between the inner sleeve (5) and the central tube (4).

3. The cyclone distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sleeve (5) is a hollow cylinder, and the rotary blade (3) includes: The first vane is spirally wound between the tower body (2) and the inner sleeve (5). The outer periphery of the first vane is sealed to the inner wall of the tower body (2), and the inner periphery of the first vane is sealed to the outer periphery of the inner sleeve (5). The inner wall of the tower body (2), the outer periphery of the inner sleeve (5), and the first vane together form the preheating cavity. The second vane is spirally wound between the inner sleeve (5) and the central tube (4). The outer circumference of the second vane is sealed to the inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve (5), and the inner circumference of the second vane is sealed to the outer circumferential wall of the central tube (4). The inner circumferential wall of the inner sleeve (5), the outer circumferential wall of the central tube (4), and the second vane together form the vaporization chamber.

4. The cyclone distillation column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the first liquid inlet (21) is lower than the height of the second liquid inlet (23) so that the preheating chamber, the preheating liquid outlet (22) and the preheating pipe form a U-shaped pipeline; The first liquid inlet (21), the second liquid inlet (23) and the preheating liquid inlet are each provided with multiple inlets, and the multiple first liquid inlets (21) and the multiple second liquid inlets (23) are alternately spaced along the height of the tower body (2).

5. The cyclone distillation column according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Temperature sensors are provided at the upper ends of the second liquid inlet (23), the first liquid inlet (21), and the preheated liquid outlet (22).

6. The cyclone distillation column according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the rotary blade (3) is provided with multiple flow-blocking dams at intervals along the spiral direction of the rotary blade (3), and the length direction of the flow-blocking dams is consistent with the width direction of the rotary blade (3).

7. The cyclone distillation column according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The bottom of the tower body (2) is provided with a drain port that connects the vaporization chamber and the evaporator (1), and the drain port is provided with a valve.

8. A push-pull cyclone distillation system, characterized in that, include; The cyclone distillation column according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper end of the column body (2) of the cyclone distillation column is provided with an outlet, and ethanol is discharged from the outlet after absorbing heat and vaporizing in the cyclone distillation column; The first condensing structure includes a condenser (6), a heat exchanger (8), a compressor (7), and an expansion valve (9). The condenser (6) is located above the cyclone distillation column. The condenser (6) has a condensing chamber and a heat exchange chamber. The inlet of the condensing chamber is connected to the outlet. The heat exchange chamber contains refrigerant. The outer peripheral wall of the condenser (6) has a refrigerant outlet and a refrigerant inlet connected to the heat exchange chamber. The refrigerant outlet is connected to the inlet of the compressor (7). The outlet of the compressor (7) is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger (8). The outlet of the heat exchanger (8) is connected to the refrigerant inlet through the expansion valve (9). The heat exchanger (8) exchanges heat with the evaporator (1) of the cyclone distillation column to provide heat to the evaporator (1). The second condensing structure (10) has an inlet connected to the outlet of the condenser (6). The second condensing structure (10) is provided with a first concentration outlet (101) and a second concentration outlet (102). A reflux port is provided on the upper side wall of the cyclone distillation column. The first concentration outlet (101) is connected to the reflux port through a reflux pipe. The storage tank (12) is connected to the second concentration outlet (102). After the ethanol gas flows out from the outlet, it passes through the first condensation structure and the second condensation structure (10) in sequence to be liquefied, and then flows into the storage tank (12) from the second concentration outlet (102).

9. The push-pull cyclone distillation system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reflux port includes a first reflux port and a second reflux port, which are spaced apart along the height direction of the cyclone distillation column; The return pipe includes a main pipe, a first branch pipe, and a second branch pipe. One end of the main pipe is connected to the first concentration outlet (101), and the other end of the main pipe is connected to a tee port. A density meter (103) is provided on the main pipe. One end of the first branch pipe and one end of the second branch pipe are connected to the other end of the main pipe through the tee port. The other end of the first branch pipe is connected to the first return port, and the other end of the second branch pipe is connected to the second return port. A first concentration rotor flow meter is provided on the first branch pipe, and a second concentration rotor flow meter is provided on the second branch pipe.

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