Positioning and clamping method for processing fork and bracket parts and fixture module

Abstract

The present invention relates to a positioning and clamping method and a fixture module for the machining of fork-shaped parts, including components such as a pre-positioning cylinder, a double-rack transmission mechanism, and an elastic sliding toothed belt. Through the coordinated operation of these components, rapid, stable, and highly accurate positioning and clamping of the fork-shaped parts are achieved. The setting of the pre-positioning cylinder simplifies the movement range of the main positioning components and improves work efficiency. The double-rack transmission mechanism includes a fixed toothed belt and an elastic sliding toothed belt. The former drives the first transmission gear and the drive toothed ring through the second transmission gear to release the workpiece, and the latter drives the positioning frame and the distal positioning member through the fourth transmission gear to flip and position the workpiece. The setting of the connecting rubber band avoids the generation of errors and improves the positioning accuracy. The elastic sliding toothed belt can quickly reset to prepare for the next working cycle. The fixed toothed belt can quickly engage or disengage with the second transmission gear to meet the requirements of a high-speed automated production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of processing equipment for fork and bracket parts, and in particular, to a positioning and clamping method and fixture module for processing fork and bracket parts. Background Art

[0002] Among many power tool products, fork and bracket parts are widely used. Although the shapes of fork and bracket parts are the same in different models of the same kind of products, their sizes and hole positions may vary. To effectively machine these parts, the best way is to use a drilling and tapping integrated multi-station machining center. These machining centers are usually equipped with a rotary table workbench, and fixtures are arranged at equal angles along the edge. In these fixtures, the workpiece is clamped by a pneumatic fixture. During the rotation and displacement of the workbench, the workpiece completes the machining of its various parts through the rotation of different stations.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN114571188A discloses a processing method for fork and bracket structure parts. This method solves problems such as using a small surface as a support for grinding, unstable machining dimensions, and high part repair rates due to the lack of a special fixture. This method solves the deformation problem of the inward depression at the fork opening after the part is cut. However, in the actual machining process, due to the lack of a special fixture for fork and bracket structure parts, it is still difficult to achieve automated and rapid machining, which reduces production efficiency.

[0004] At the same time, for the clamping of fork and bracket parts in a rotary table workbench, it is necessary to meet the requirements of rapidity, stability, and independent separation of the power part. Therefore, it is necessary for us to design a fixture module that can be conveniently disassembled and replaced in a rotary table workbench and can meet the requirements of rapidity, stability, and independent separation of the power part. The design of this fixture module will greatly improve the machining efficiency of fork and bracket parts, ensure the machining quality, and be beneficial to the optimization of the overall production process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a fixture module for processing fork and bracket parts. The fixture module designed by the present invention adopts an elastic sliding tooth belt and a double rack transmission mechanism to achieve rapid and stable positioning of fork and bracket parts, improve machining efficiency and quality, optimize the production process, and is suitable for high-speed automated production lines.

[0006] The invention object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A fixture module for fork and bracket parts, the fork and bracket parts include working parts on both sides and a connecting and supporting part in the middle, and there is a through hole in the center of the working part. The fixture module has an automatic clamping and releasing function, and the fixture module includes:

[0007] ① A module housing, which is a hollow structure, and mounting holes for fixedly connecting with external equipment are provided on each surface;

[0008] ② The power and transmission part is fixed inside the module housing.

[0009] ③ The positioning and clamping part is fixed outside the module housing.

[0010] ④ The mounting plate is used for fixedly connecting with the module housing, and at the same time separates the power and transmission part of the jig module from the positioning and clamping part. Thread through holes are provided at positions corresponding to the positioning and clamping part.

[0011] ⑤ The jig base body is detachably and fixedly connected with the mounting plate. A fixture mounting part is provided on one side. On the jig base body, a workpiece docking part is provided between the fixture mounting part and the mounting plate.

[0012] ⑥ The self-centering top support mechanism is movably installed in the fixture mounting part and includes a first camshaft and a second camshaft. The two camshafts are coaxially and rotatably connected, and one end of the cam surfaces abuts against each other, and the other end has a conical surface. The driving gear ring is clamped on the outer circumference of one of the camshafts.

[0013] ⑦ The transmission sleeve is threadedly connected with the thread through hole.

[0014] ⑧ The working sleeve is sleeved on the transmission sleeve.

[0015] ⑨ The third transmission gear is located below the mounting plate and is coaxially fixed to the transmission sleeve.

[0016] ⑩ The transmission assembly passes through the jig base body and is located on one side of the self-centering top support mechanism, and includes a first transmission gear meshing with the driving gear ring; a second transmission gear meshing with the third transmission gear; and a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear.

[0017] ⑪ The power source has its main body part fixed, and its telescopic part has a rack structure and can mesh with the second transmission gear.

[0018] Wherein, when the power source drives the second transmission gear to rotate, the second transmission gear drives the third transmission gear to rotate, the third transmission gear drives the transmission sleeve to rotate, the transmission sleeve rises under the action of the thread, and the transmission sleeve rising drives the working sleeve to rise; at the same time, the first transmission gear rotates synchronously and drives the driving gear ring to rotate, and the driving gear ring drives one of the camshafts to rotate. Under the action of the cam surface, the first camshaft and the second camshaft synchronously protrude outwards; the inner sides of the two working parts of the fork-shaped part are supported by the conical parts of the first camshaft and the second camshaft, and the outer surface of the working part close to the working sleeve side is clamped by the upper surface of the working sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, a radial positioning structure that can also serve as a discharging component. When the overall module is installed horizontally, the radial positioning structure can also serve as the discharging component. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The radial positioning structure can not only perform radial positioning but also be used as a discharging component. It has a simple and practical structure, expanding the functional range of the module.

[0021] 2. When the module is installed horizontally, the radial positioning structure automatically becomes the discharging component without adding additional structures, simplifying the module structure and reducing the floor area.

[0022] 3. The radial positioning structure has a dual function. While meeting the positioning requirements, it also takes into account the convenience of workpiece entry and exit, facilitating automated operation.

[0023] 4. The overall structure of the module is compact. It can be used longitudinally or horizontally, with strong flexibility in use and can adapt to different production line layouts.

[0024] 5. When serving as the discharging component, the workpiece below is evenly stressed, avoiding the occurrence of workpiece tilting or rolling and ensuring the integrity of the workpiece.

[0025] 6. When used horizontally, the position of the transmission mechanism is more reasonable, facilitating the driving of the power source and improving work efficiency.

[0026] 7. It not only considers the positioning function but also the entry and exit channels of the module, and the module design is reasonable and complete.

[0027] In summary, the fixture module uses a radial positioning structure to achieve dual functions, with the advantages of simple structure, flexible use, and high work efficiency. It not only meets the positioning requirements of the workpiece but also considers the entry and exit issues of the workpiece and the module. Compared with the prior art, it has a broader application prospect.

[0028] Preferably, the components of the radial positioning structure include a through hole provided in the center of the connecting shaft, and a flipping collar is tightly and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second camshaft. The outer ring of the flipping collar has partial transmission teeth and fixedly sleeved with a collar equipped with a dial block. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. A flipping collar is added outside the second camshaft. The rotation of the flipping collar drives the dial block to flip, realizing automatic commutation and positioning, and simplifying the operation process.

[0030] 2. The flipping of the dial block can be carried out during the extension and retraction of the camshaft, without affecting the main body positioning program, and has a high work efficiency.

[0031] 3. The position of the shifting block can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the workpiece, meeting the requirements of different workpieces and improving the applicability of the module.

[0032] 4. The flipping collar is connected to the power source by a transmission gear, which can stably and reliably drive the shifting block to flip, avoiding errors caused by mutual slippage.

[0033] 5. The setting of the through hole ensures that the rotation of the second camshaft is not affected by the flipping collar and the shifting block. The movements of each component are independent, improving the working stability.

[0034] 6. The setting of the shifting block expands the function range of the module. In addition to positioning, it can also realize the commutation of workpieces, meeting the requirements of the automated production line.

[0035] 7. The structure is simple and compact, meeting the requirements of efficient and stable operation, and facilitating manufacturing and maintenance.

[0036] In summary, on the basis of ensuring the main body positioning function, the fixture module uses a flipping collar and a shifting block to achieve automatic commutation, with the advantages of high working efficiency, strong applicability, and simple structure. Compared with the prior art, it can better meet the requirements of the fixture for the automated production line.

[0037] Preferably, an inner connecting shaft with both ends partially protruding is provided in the axial through hole of the connecting shaft. The inner connecting shaft can rotate tightly in the through hole, and a fourth transmission gear is fixed at the lower end of the inner connecting shaft. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The setting of the inner connecting shaft makes the connection between the fourth transmission gear and the power source more direct and stable, avoiding precision errors caused by excessive transmission components.

[0039] 2. The rotation of the fourth transmission gear is independent of the connecting shaft and will not affect the positioning of the module main body. The movements of each component are decoupled, improving the working stability.

[0040] 3. The rotation of the inner connecting shaft drives the rotation of the fourth transmission gear, and then drives other moving components, realizing the automatic switching of various functions such as self-positioning and unloading of the module, and simplifying the operation process.

[0041] 4. The transmission structure is compact, and both ends of the inner connecting shaft protrude, facilitating direct connection with the corresponding power source or transmission components, and improving the transmission efficiency.

[0042] 5. The setting of the inner connecting shaft brings more possible movement modes to the module, expanding the application range of the module.

[0043] 6. Multistage transmission is formed between the moving components, the transmission ratio is easy to adjust, and it is easier to generate a large movement displacement, meeting the positioning requirements of different workpieces.

[0044] In summary, the fixture module is connected to the power source by means of an inscribed shaft and a fourth transmission gear, realizing the automatic switching of the movements of various functional components. Compared with the prior art, it has significant advantages such as high working efficiency, wide application range, and compact structure. The setting of the inscribed shaft brings greater development potential to the module, effectively meeting the requirements of modularization and automation.

[0045] Preferably, the radial positioning structure further comprises a positioning frame, one end of which is fixed to the upper end of the inscribed shaft, and the other end is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft, the positioning frame has meshing teeth that cooperate with the transmission teeth at the part fixedly connected to the inscribed shaft, and a distal positioning piece is fixed on the positioning frame. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. The setting of the positioning frame can effectively limit and position the far end of the workpiece, avoid the slippage and deviation of the workpiece, and improve the positioning accuracy.

[0047] 2. The remote positioning part can choose the installation direction and position according to the shape of the workpiece to meet the requirements of different workpieces and improve the versatility of the fixture module.

[0048] 3. The positioning frame is connected by meshing teeth and transmission teeth, which ensures stable and reliable movement and accurate positioning.

[0049] 4. One end of the positioning frame is connected to the inscribed shaft, and the other end is connected to the connecting shaft. During the rotation of the inscribed shaft, the positioning frame rotates synchronously, realizing the automatic flipping of the positioning frame and simplifying the operation process.

[0050] 5. During the flipping process of the positioning frame, the orientation of the far-end positioning part also changes synchronously, which can effectively locate the far end of the workpiece and meet the positioning requirements of the workpiece in different states.

[0051] 6. All functional components are linked to achieve automatic positioning and reversing to meet the requirements of flexible production lines.

[0052] 7. The setting of positioning frame and remote positioning parts brings more positioning methods to the module and expands the application scope of the module.

[0053] In summary, the fixture module uses a positioning frame and a remote positioning member to effectively position the remote end of the workpiece, and the rotation of the internal axis drives the positioning frame to automatically flip, thereby expanding and supplementing the positioning function. Compared with the existing technology, it has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, high degree of automation and wide application range, and can better meet the requirements of flexible production lines for fixtures.

[0054] Preferably, the radial positioning structure further includes a pre-positioning cylinder fixed in the inner cavity of the module housing. The telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder tightly enters the central hole of the third transmission gear and can extend into the working part of the workpiece during operation to achieve pre-positioning of the workpiece. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0055] 1. The setting of the pre-positioning cylinder realizes the adjustment of the initial position of the workpiece and the boundary positioning, simplifies the structure of the main positioning device, and improves the working efficiency.

[0056] 2. The pre-positioning is driven by a cylinder, with a fast response speed, and is suitable for high-speed automated production lines.

[0057] 3. The telescopic process of the cylinder will not affect the rotation of the third transmission gear, and the movement of each functional component is decoupled, improving the working stability.

[0058] 4. The telescopic amount of the cylinder can be changed by adjusting the air pressure, meeting the positioning requirements of different workpieces and improving the versatility of the fixture module.

[0059] 5. The cylinder is located inside the module, making the appearance of the fixture more compact and beautiful.

[0060] 6. The pre-positioning method driven by the cylinder avoids the overly complex positioning components, is simple and reliable, and is easy to debug and maintain.

[0061] 7. The setting of the pre-positioning supplements the main positioning method, ensures the accurate positioning of the workpiece under the action of the main positioning device, and improves the positioning accuracy and working stability.

[0062] In summary, the fixture module uses a pre-positioning cylinder to perform preliminary positioning on the workpiece, and works together with the main positioning device to ensure the accurate positioning of the workpiece. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, high positioning accuracy, and wide application range. The adoption of the pre-positioning method simplifies the main positioning structure, improves the working efficiency, effectively expands and supplements the positioning function, and makes the fixture module more complete and versatile.

[0063] Preferably, the height position of the distal positioning member should exceed the height of the workpiece in the clamped state. When entering the working position, the size of the distal positioning member needs to cover at least most of the workpiece wafer, while leaving a space for the processing tool to enter and exit at the center position. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0064] 1. The height of the distal positioning member exceeds the height of the workpiece, which can effectively prevent the workpiece from slipping out or flipping during pre-positioning and main positioning, ensuring the stable positioning of the workpiece.

[0065] 2. The size of the distal positioning member covers at least most of the workpiece, providing sufficient positioning area and improving positioning stability.

[0066] 3. The distal positioning member leaves a space in the center, which will not interfere with the movement of the machining tool and meets the machining requirements.

[0067] 4. The height and size of the distal positioning member can be adjusted according to the shape of the workpiece, having high versatility.

[0068] 5. The setting of the distal positioning member effectively locates and restricts the distal end of the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from deviating or tilting during the positioning process and improving the positioning accuracy.

[0069] 6. The protective ring function of the distal positioning member can avoid damage to the workpiece caused by misoperation during transportation or operation, ensuring the integrity of the workpiece.

[0070] 7. The positioning member has a simple structure, is easy to machine and adjust, meets the requirements of high positioning accuracy, and adapts to different workpiece shapes.

[0071] In summary, the fixture module uses the distal positioning member to effectively protect and position the distal end of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece always maintains a stable state during the pre-positioning and main positioning processes. The setting of the distal positioning member improves the positioning accuracy and working stability, ensures the integrity of the workpiece, and has high versatility. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of simple structure and wide application range, and can better meet the high-precision and stability requirements of the fixture for the automated production line.

[0072] Preferably, the radial positioning structure further includes a double-rack transmission component integrally fixed on the mounting plate. The double-rack transmission component includes: a set of slide rails, the slide rails including a fixed part and a movable part, the fixed part being fixed on the mounting plate; a fixed toothed belt fixed on the movable part of the slide rail; an elastic sliding toothed belt slidably mounted on the movable part of the slide rail; a compression spring abutted against the outer end face of the elastic sliding toothed belt; and a spring mounting seat for placing the compression spring; in the non-clamping state of the device, the fixed toothed belt is separated from the second transmission gear, while the elastic sliding toothed belt remains engaged with the fourth transmission gear; in this case, the tooth width of the second transmission gear is relatively wide enough to engage with the third transmission gear in the upper half and engage with the fixed toothed belt in the lower half. Compared with the prior art, the fixture module has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] 1. The setting of the double-rack transmission component makes the fixed toothed belt disengage from the second transmission gear when the fixture is in the non-working state, while the elastic sliding toothed belt still engages with the fourth transmission gear, without affecting the operation of other transmission components, meeting the requirement of the fixture for quickly switching different working modes.

[0074] 2. The spring is arranged so that the elastic sliding toothed belt can quickly reset after disengaging from the fixed toothed belt, preparing for the next operation of the jig, thus improving the work efficiency.

[0075] 3. The double-rack transmission mode enables the fixed toothed belt to quickly engage with the second transmission gear when work is required, with a fast response speed, and is suitable for high-speed automated production lines.

[0076] 4. The fixed toothed belt and the elastic sliding toothed belt can be selected for installation directions according to different work requirements, meeting the switching of various working modes of the jig and improving the versatility.

[0077] 5. The movements of each component are independent and will not affect each other, improving the working stability.

[0078] 6. The structure is simple and compact, easy to process and debug, meeting the requirements of modular design of the jig.

[0079] In summary, the jig module adopts a double-rack transmission component, enabling the fixed toothed belt to quickly engage or disengage with the second transmission gear, and the elastic sliding toothed belt remains engaged with the fourth transmission gear, realizing the quick switching of the working mode of the jig, and having significant advantages such as simple structure, fast response speed, and high working stability.

[0080] Preferably, the positions of the first camshaft and the second camshaft for cooperating with the driving tooth ring are set to be convex outward, and connecting rubber bands are arranged at the convex outward positions of the two. Compared with the prior art, the jig module has the following beneficial effects:

[0081] 1. The convex outward settings of the first camshaft and the second camshaft enable the connection between the two to be made by connecting rubber bands, avoiding the setting of excessive transmission components and simplifying the structure.

[0082] 2. The connecting rubber bands have a large deformation ability, and different materials and thicknesses can be selected according to needs, meeting the positioning requirements of different workpieces and improving the applicability of the jig module.

[0083] 3. The arrangement of the connecting rubber bands has a certain buffering effect on the relative rotation of the first camshaft and the second camshaft, improving the positioning stability, reducing the impact, and prolonging the service life of the components.

[0084] 4. The adoption of the connecting rubber bands avoids the errors caused by other couplings and improves the positioning accuracy.

[0085] 5. The structure is more simple and compact, reducing the number of components, and lowering the production and maintenance costs.

[0086] 6. The first camshaft and the second camshaft are connected to the connecting rubber bands in a convex outward manner, which is more convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0087] In summary, the fixture module uses a connecting rubber band to connect the first camshaft and the second camshaft, achieving simple and precise linkage. Compared with the prior art, it has the advantages of simpler structure, higher positioning accuracy, and stronger working stability. The choice of connection method extends the service life of components and improves the versatility of the fixture module, better meeting the requirements of the automated production line for fixtures.

[0088] A method for machining, positioning, and clamping a forked bracket part using the aforementioned fixture module comprises the following steps:

[0089] ① After the workpiece enters the positioning and clamping part, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder enters the working part on one side of the workpiece for pre-positioning;

[0090] ② The telescopic part of the power source pushes the movable part of the slide rail, causing the elastic sliding toothed belt to be pushed and driving the fourth transmission gear to rotate;

[0091] ③ The fourth transmission gear drives the positioning frame and the distal positioning part to rotate. At the same time, the rotation of the positioning frame drives the flip ring to rotate, and the flip ring further drives the collar to rotate;

[0092] ④ The rotation of the dial block causes the workpiece to flip, and finally the positioning frame clamps the connecting and supporting part of the workpiece. At this time, the connecting and supporting part is in a horizontal position, facilitating the machining of the hole position;

[0093] ⑤ When the positioning frame and the distal positioning part rotate to the specified position, the stroke of the sliding toothed belt has been completed. At the same time, the fixed toothed belt also comes into a meshed state with the second transmission gear, causing the second transmission gear to rotate, and the third transmission gear and the first transmission gear rotate synchronously;

[0094] ⑥ After clamping is completed, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder retracts, and hole machining begins;

[0095] ⑦ After machining is completed, the telescopic part of the power source retracts. During this process, the movement of the fixed toothed belt drives the second transmission gear to rotate in the opposite direction to the aforementioned clamping direction, causing the first transmission gear to rotate synchronously and driving the drive tooth ring to rotate in the reverse direction. The left and right camshafts move towards the center, completing the release of the workpiece;

[0096] ⑧ The drive tooth ring drives the self-centering top support mechanism to release the workpiece. The collar and the positioning frame return to their initial positions. During the reset process, the positioning frame rotates to the lower swing state, and the workpiece can automatically lose its horizontal state under gravity and fall for output.

[0097] Compared with the prior art, the method for machining, positioning, and clamping the forked bracket part has the following beneficial effects:

[0098] 1. The workpiece is preliminarily positioned by the pre-positioning cylinder, simplifying the movement range of the main body positioning components and improving work efficiency.

[0099] 2. The elastic slip tooth belt drives the positioning frame and the distal positioning member to rotate through the fourth transmission gear, completing the flipping and positioning of the workpiece, and improving the positioning accuracy and working stability.

[0100] 3. The fixed tooth belt drives the first transmission gear and the driving tooth ring to rotate through the second transmission gear, completing the movement of the left camshaft and the right camshaft, and realizing the release of the workpiece.

[0101] 4. During the reset process, the positioning frame rotates to the lower swing state, and the workpiece naturally falls by using gravity, simplifying the workpiece conveying and improving the working efficiency.

[0102] 5. The movements of all components are continuous and smooth, reducing impact and wear, and prolonging the service life of the fixture.

[0103] 6. The double-rack transmission method enables the fixed tooth belt to quickly engage or disengage with the second transmission gear, which is suitable for high-speed automated production lines.

[0104] 7. The structure is compact and simple, easy to process and debug, meets the requirements of modular fixture design, and reduces production costs.

[0105] 8. The working process is continuous and stable, with relatively high requirements for machining accuracy and high versatility.

[0106] In summary, the processing positioning and clamping method for the fork-shaped part drives components such as the positioning frame, the distal positioning member, the left camshaft, and the right camshaft to move continuously through the elastic slip tooth belt and the fixed tooth belt, completing the flipping, positioning, clamping, and releasing of the workpiece. It has the advantages of simple structure, fast response speed, and high working stability. This method is applicable to high-speed automated production lines, can meet relatively high machining accuracy requirements, and has good versatility.

[0107] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0108] 1. The processing efficiency of fork-shaped parts is improved. By setting the pre-positioning cylinder, the movement of the main body positioning component is simplified, and the working efficiency is improved; when the positioning frame swings downward, the workpiece naturally falls by using gravity, avoiding the workpiece conveying action and shortening the working cycle.

[0109] 2. The processing quality of fork-shaped parts is ensured. The movements of all components are stable and continuous, without interfering with each other, reducing the impact and wear of the components, and improving the positioning accuracy and working stability.

[0110] 3. The requirement of rapidity is met. The double-rack transmission method enables the fixed tooth belt to quickly engage or disengage with the second transmission gear, with a fast response speed, and is suitable for high-speed automated production lines.

[0111] 4. Meet the stability requirements. The movements of all components are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other; the settings of components such as connecting rubber bands have a certain buffering effect, improving the working stability.

[0112] 5. Meet the requirements of independent separation of the power part. Each component is driven by a different transmission mechanism, and the power parts are independent of each other.

[0113] 6. Facilitate disassembly and replacement in the rotary table workbench. The movements of all components are continuous, easy to design and debug in modules, meet the requirements of fixture modular design, and are convenient for disassembly and replacement in the rotary table workbench.

[0114] 7. Contribute to the optimization of the overall production process. The fixture is modularly designed to meet the requirements of the automated production line and improve production efficiency. The movements of all components are continuous and stable, reducing rework and optimizing the production process.

[0115] In summary, the fixture module designed by the present invention can meet the requirements of rapid, stable and power-independent separation of fork-shaped parts in the rotary table workbench. Compared with the background technology, the present invention has higher processing efficiency and processing quality, optimizes the production process, has high versatility, and is more suitable for industrialized automated production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0116] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0117] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the present invention, in which the module housing part is opened;

[0118] Figure 3 is mainly a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the positioning and clamping part and the power source;

[0119] Figure 4 is mainly a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and clamping part;

[0120] Figure 5 is mainly a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and clamping part, in which the self-centering top support mechanism is hidden;

[0121] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the self-centering top support mechanism, the transmission component, the double-rack transmission component and the workpiece, in which the fixture base is hidden;

[0122] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the combination of the self-centering top support mechanism, the transmission component, the double-rack transmission component and the workpiece, in which the fixture base is hidden;

[0123] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning and clamping part after clamping the fork-shaped part;

[0124] Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the transmission component and the double-rack transmission component, in which the second transmission gear is hidden;

[0125] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the fork support part.

[0126] Markings in the figure:

[0127] Fork support part 01, working part g1, connecting and supporting part g2, power source d1, module housing 100, power and transmission part 101, positioning and clamping part 102, mounting plate 103, fixture base 104, fixture mounting part 105, self-centering top support mechanism 10, first camshaft 11, second camshaft 12, drive gear ring 13, connecting rubber band 14, threaded through hole 106, transmission sleeve 107, working sleeve 108, third transmission gear 109, transmission component 20, workpiece docking part 201, first transmission gear 21, second transmission gear 22, connecting shaft 23, radial positioning structure 30, flipping collar 301, transmission tooth 302, collar 303, dial block 305, pre-positioning cylinder 306, internal connecting shaft 31, fourth transmission gear 32, positioning frame 33, meshing tooth 331, distal positioning part 34, double-rack transmission component 35, slide rail 351, fixed toothed belt 352, elastic sliding toothed belt 353, compression spring 354, spring mounting seat 355. Specific implementation manners

[0128] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings: With reference to all the drawings

[0129] Embodiment 1

[0130] Attached Figure 10 Shows a fork support part 01 for a cutting machine, which includes working parts g1 on both sides and a connecting and supporting part g2 in the middle. The fork support part is usually a cast blank. To reduce weight, it has a plurality of hollow designs for weight reduction in the large-surface solid part, as shown in the working part g1. It can be seen that there is a through hole in the center of the working part g1, and the part outside the through hole is connected to the outer ring through a plurality of rib plates. The height of the rib plates is lower than the two end faces of the working part on both sides. For the fork support part 01 to meet the usage requirements from the blank, generally, at least the central holes of the two working parts need to be reamed coaxially, and the connecting holes of the connecting and supporting part g2 need to be reamed. Figure 10 It can be seen that there is a through hole in the center of the working part g1, and the part outside the through hole is connected to the outer ring through a plurality of rib plates. The height of the rib plates is lower than the two end faces of the working part on both sides. For the fork support part 01 to meet the usage requirements from the blank, generally, at least the central holes of the two working parts need to be reamed coaxially, and the connecting holes of the connecting and supporting part g2 need to be reamed.

[0131] When performing coaxial reaming on the working part of the fork and bracket part 01, it is necessary to perform overall positioning and fixation on the two working parts g1 before processing, rather than relying solely on external clamping or internal outward expansion. Such clamping methods are difficult to achieve good results. For example, using a large clamping force will cause elastic deformation of the working part, resulting in the inability to ensure coaxiality. Using a small clamping force will lead to insufficient clamping force. During the processing, the vibration of the workpiece will cause the cutting to lose its due smoothness.

[0132] As Figures 1-3 shown, the fixture module of the present invention is directed at the fork and bracket part 01 and can complete the full-automatic clamping and releasing of the fork and bracket part 01 under the action of one power, including:

[0133] Module housing 100, which is a rectangular cubic structure, and mounting screw holes for fixedly connecting with external equipment are provided on the bottom surface and each side surface.

[0134] Power and transmission part 101, which is fixed inside the module housing 100.

[0135] Positioning and clamping part 102, which is fixed outside the module housing 100.

[0136] Mounting plate 103, used for fixedly connecting with the module housing 100, and at the same time separating the power and transmission part of the fixture module from the positioning and clamping part to prevent chips and saponified coolant generated during machining from entering the power and transmission part. Thread through holes 106 are provided on the mounting plate 103 at positions corresponding to the positioning and clamping part.

[0137] Fixture base 104, which is detachably and fixedly connected with the mounting plate 103. One side of the fixture base 104 is provided with a fixture mounting part 105 having a cylindrical shape and a hollow structure. On the fixture base 104, a workpiece docking part 201 is provided between the fixture mounting part 105 and the mounting plate 103. The workpiece docking part 201 is a concave arc, and the radian matches the outer surface radian of the working part of the workpiece. When the workpiece falls into the workpiece docking part 201, the axis of the workpiece is basically coincident with the axis of the fixture mounting part 105.

[0138] The self-centering support mechanism 10 is movably mounted in the fixture mounting portion 105. The axis of the self-centering support mechanism 10 has a hole that passes through from top to bottom, and the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the hole to be processed of the workpiece to be processed. The self-centering support mechanism 10 includes: a first camshaft 11 and a second camshaft 12, the two camshafts are coaxially rotatably connected, and one end of the cam surfaces are in contact with each other and the other end has a conical surface; a driving gear ring 13 clamped on the outer periphery of one of the camshafts. After the driving gear ring 13 is selected to be clamped with one camshaft, the radial direction of the other camshaft is limited in the fixture mounting portion 105 and can move axially. The height dimension between the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 is smaller than the part to be clamped of the workpiece. A gap of a size larger than the part to be clamped of the workpiece is left between the second camshaft 12 and the working sleeve 108. In order to make the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 have a better resetting effect, refer to Figure 7 The positions of the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 for cooperating with the driving gear ring 13 are set to be convex, and a connecting rubber band 14 is set at the convex positions of the two. The elastic tension of the connecting rubber band 14 causes the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 to quickly reset.

[0139] A transmission sleeve 107 is threadedly connected to the threaded through hole 106 .

[0140] A working sleeve 108 is sleeved in the transmission sleeve 107 .

[0141] The third transmission gear 109 is located below the mounting plate 103 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the transmission sleeve 107 .

[0142] The transmission assembly 20 penetrates the fixture base 104 and is located on one side of the self-centering support mechanism 10. The transmission assembly 20 includes: a first transmission gear 21 meshed with the driving gear ring 13; a second transmission gear 22 meshed with the third transmission gear 109; and a connecting shaft 23 fixedly connected to the first transmission gear 21 and the second transmission gear 22.

[0143] The power source d1 has a fixed main body and a telescopic portion having a rack structure and capable of meshing with the second transmission gear 22 .

[0144] During operation, the fork frame part 01 enters the positioning clamping part 102 in a corresponding posture.

[0145] The power source d1 drives the second transmission gear 22 to rotate, the second transmission gear 22 drives the third transmission gear 109 to rotate, the third transmission gear 109 drives the transmission sleeve 107 to rotate, the transmission sleeve 107 rises under the action of the thread, and the rising transmission sleeve 107 drives the working sleeve 108 to rise.

[0146] Meanwhile, the first transmission gear 21 rotates synchronously and drives the drive gear ring 13 to rotate, and the drive gear ring 13 drives a camshaft to rotate. Under the action of the cam surface, the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 extend outwards synchronously.

[0147] The inner sides of the two working parts g1 of the fork-shaped part 01 are propped up by the conical parts of the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12, and the outer surface of the working part g1 close to the working sleeve 108 is clamped by the upper surface of the working sleeve 108. The clamping of the workpiece is as Figure 6 shown.

[0148] After the workpiece clamping is completed, the machining power head starts to machine the workpiece. After all the processes are completed, the unloading component takes away the workpiece.

[0149] The aforementioned unloading component can adopt a grasping manipulator in the prior art, or a vacuum chuck cooperating with a lifting arm (both methods are not shown in the figure).

[0150] In order to further increase the clamping stability and simplify the equipment structure, the present invention provides a radial positioning structure 30 that can also serve as an unloading component. When the overall module is installed horizontally, that is, when the holes of the two working parts of the fork-shaped part 01 are in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position, as Figure 8 shown, the radial positioning structure 30 can also serve as an unloading component.

[0151] The components of the radial positioning structure 30 include:

[0152] A through hole is provided at the axis of the connecting shaft 23.

[0153] A flipping collar 301 is tightly and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second camshaft 12. Part of the transmission teeth 302 are provided on the outer ring of the flipping collar 301, and a collar 303 equipped with a dial block 305 is fixedly sleeved.

[0154] An internal connecting shaft 31 with both ends partially protruding is provided in the through hole, and it can rotate tightly in the through hole.

[0155] A fourth transmission gear 32 is fixed at the lower end of the internal connecting shaft 31.

[0156] One end of the positioning frame 33 is fixed to the upper end of the internal connecting shaft 31, and the other end is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 23. The positioning frame 33 has meshing teeth 331 at the part connected to the internal connecting shaft 31 for cooperating with the transmission teeth 302.

[0157] A distal positioning member 34 is fixed on the positioning frame 33.

[0158] A pre-positioning cylinder 306 is fixed in the internal cavity of the module housing 100, and its telescopic rod tightly enters the central hole of the third transmission gear 109 and can extend into the working part g1 of the workpiece during operation to achieve pre-positioning of the workpiece.

[0159] The height position of the distal positioning member 34 should exceed the height of the workpiece in the to-be-clamped state. When entering the working position, the size of the distal positioning member 34 needs to cover at least most of the workpiece wafer, while leaving a space for the machining tool to enter and exit at the central position.

[0160] The radial positioning structure 30 further includes a double-rack transmission assembly 35 fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 103. The double-rack transmission assembly 35 includes:

[0161] A set of slide rails 351, which consists of a fixed part and a movable part, and the fixed part is fixed on the mounting plate 103.

[0162] A fixed toothed belt 352 fixed to the movable part of the slide rail 351.

[0163] An elastic sliding toothed belt 353 slidably mounted on the movable part of the slide rail 351.

[0164] A compression spring 354 abuts against the outer end face of the elastic sliding toothed belt 353.

[0165] A spring mounting seat 355 for placing the compression spring 354.

[0166] In the non-clamping state of the device, the fixed toothed belt 352 is separated from the second transmission gear 22, while the elastic sliding toothed belt 353 remains engaged with the fourth transmission gear 32. It should be noted that the tooth width of the second transmission gear 22 is relatively wide enough to engage with the third transmission gear 109 in the upper half and with the fixed toothed belt 352 in the lower half.

[0167] The overall working mode of the device is as follows:

[0168] After the workpiece enters the positioning and clamping part 102, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder 306 enters the working part on one side of the workpiece for pre-positioning. The telescopic part of the power source d1 pushes the movable part of the slide rail 351, so that the elastic sliding toothed belt 353 is pushed and drives the fourth transmission gear 32 to rotate. The rotation of the fourth transmission gear 32 drives the positioning frame 33 and the distal positioning member 34 to rotate. While the positioning frame 33 is rotating, the flipping collar 301 also rotates accordingly, and then drives the collar 303 to rotate. During this process, the movement direction of the dial block 305 is opposite to the swinging direction of the positioning frame 33. The rotation of the dial block 305 causes the workpiece to flip, and finally the connection and support part g2 of the workpiece is clamped by the positioning frame 33 together. At this time, the connection and support part g2 is exactly in the horizontal position, which is convenient for machining the hole position.

[0169] After the workpiece is clamped and in the proper position, the stroke of the sliding toothed belt 353 is completed. At the same time, the fixed toothed belt 352 also reaches the state of meshing with the second transmission gear 22, causing the second transmission gear 22 to start rotating. At this time, the third transmission gear 109 and the first transmission gear 21 rotate synchronously. Here, due to the combined action of the positioning frame 33 and the distal positioning member 34, the workpiece is completely clamped at both end faces, thus improving the stability during machining. After the clamping is completed, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder 306 retracts, and the hole position machining begins.

[0170] After the machining is completed, the telescopic part of the power source d1 starts to retract. During the retraction process, the movement of the fixed toothed belt 352 drives the second transmission gear 22 to rotate in the reverse direction, which is opposite to the previous clamping direction. Thus, the first transmission gear 21 rotates synchronously and drives the drive tooth ring 13 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the first camshaft 11 and the second camshaft 12 move closer to the center to release the workpiece.

[0171] The drive tooth ring 13 drives the self-centering supporting mechanism 10 to release the workpiece, and the ferrule 303 and the positioning frame 33 return to the initial position. During the resetting process of the positioning frame 33, the positioning frame 33 turns to the lower swing state as shown in Figure 6 and the workpiece loses its horizontal state under the action of gravity, falls and is output.

[0172] Positioning and clamping method for the machining of fork parts:

[0173] 1. After the workpiece enters the positioning and clamping part 102, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder 306 enters the working part on one side of the workpiece for pre-positioning.

[0174] 2. The telescopic part of the power source d1 pushes the movable part of the slide rail 351, and the elastic sliding toothed belt 353 is pushed and drives the fourth transmission gear 32 to rotate.

[0175] 3. The fourth transmission gear 32 drives the positioning frame 33 and the distal positioning member 34 to rotate. During this process, while the positioning frame 33 rotates, it drives the flipping collar 301 to rotate, and the flipping collar 301 further drives the ferrule 303 to rotate.

[0176] 4. The movement direction of the dial block 305 is opposite to the swinging direction of the positioning frame 33. The rotation of the dial block 305 causes the workpiece to flip and finally the positioning frame 33 clamps the connection and support part g2 of the workpiece. At this time, the connection and support part g2 is exactly in the horizontal position, which is convenient for machining the hole position.

[0177] 5. At this position, the stroke of the sliding toothed belt 353 has been completed. At the same time, the fixed toothed belt 352 also comes into a state of meshing with the second transmission gear 22. This causes the second transmission gear 22 to rotate, and the third transmission gear 109 and the first transmission gear 21 rotate synchronously. Due to the addition of the positioning frame 33 and the distal positioning member 34, the workpiece is clamped at both end faces, and the stability during processing is improved.

[0178] 6. After the clamping is completed, the telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder 306 retracts, and the hole position machining begins.

[0179] 7. After the machining is completed, the telescopic part of the power source d1 retracts. During this process, the movement of the fixed toothed belt 352 drives the second transmission gear 22 to rotate in a direction opposite to the aforementioned clamping direction. This causes the first transmission gear 21 to rotate synchronously and drives the driving toothed ring 13 to rotate in the reverse direction, and the left camshaft 11 and the right camshaft 12 move closer to the center, completing the release of the workpiece.

[0180] 8. The driving toothed ring 13 drives the self-centering support mechanism 10 to release the workpiece, and the ferrule 303 and the positioning frame 33 return to their initial positions. During the reset process, the positioning frame 33 rotates to the lower swing state. When the overall module is in a horizontal state, the workpiece can automatically lose its horizontal state under gravity and fall for output.

[0181] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fixture module for a fork and bracket part, the fork and bracket part (01) includes working parts (g1) on both sides and a connecting and supporting part (g2) in the middle, there is a through hole at the center of the working part (g1), and the fixture module has an automatic clamping and releasing function, characterized in that , The fixture module includes: A module housing (100), which has a hollow structure and is provided with mounting holes for fixedly connecting to external devices on each surface; A power and transmission part (101), fixed inside the module housing (100); A positioning and clamping part (102), fixed outside the module housing (100); A mounting plate (103), used for fixedly connecting to the module housing (100), and at the same time separating the power and transmission part of the fixture module from the positioning and clamping part. A through threaded through-hole (106) is provided at the position corresponding to the positioning and clamping part on it; A fixture base body (104), detachably and fixedly connected to the mounting plate (103). A fixture mounting part (105) is provided on one side. On the fixture base body (104), a workpiece docking part (201) is provided between the fixture mounting part (105) and the mounting plate (103); A self-centering top support mechanism (10), movably installed in the fixture mounting part (105), including a first camshaft (11) and a second camshaft (12). The two camshafts are coaxially and rotatably connected, and one end of the cam surfaces abuts against each other, and the other end has a conical surface; A driving gear ring (13) is clamped on the outer circumference of one of the camshafts; A transmission sleeve (107), threadedly connected to the threaded through-hole (106); A working sleeve (108), sleeved inside the transmission sleeve (107); A third transmission gear (109), located below the mounting plate (103) and coaxially fixed to the transmission sleeve (107); A transmission assembly (20), passing through the fixture base body (104) and located on one side of the self-centering top support mechanism (10), including a first transmission gear (21) meshing with the driving gear ring (13); A second transmission gear (22) meshing with the third transmission gear (109); And a connecting shaft (23) fixedly connected to the first transmission gear (21) and the second transmission gear (22); A power source (d1), whose main body part is fixed, and the telescopic part has a rack structure and is meshed with the second transmission gear (22); Wherein, when the power source (d1) drives the second transmission gear (22) to rotate, the second transmission gear (22) drives the third transmission gear (109) to rotate, the third transmission gear (109) drives the transmission sleeve (107) to rotate, and the transmission sleeve (107) rises under the action of the thread. The rising of the transmission sleeve (107) drives the working sleeve (108) to rise; At the same time, the first transmission gear (21) rotates synchronously and drives the driving gear ring (13) to rotate. The driving gear ring (13) drives one of the camshafts to rotate. Under the action of the cam surface, the first camshaft (11) and the second camshaft (12) synchronously extend outwards; The inner sides of the two working parts (g1) of the fork-shaped part (01) are propped up by the conical parts of the first camshaft (11) and the second camshaft (12), and the outer surface of the working part (g1) close to the working sleeve (108) is clamped by the upper surface of the working sleeve (108).

2. The fixture module according to claim 1, wherein , including a radial positioning structure (30) that also serves as a unloading component. When the overall module is installed horizontally, the radial positioning structure (30) also serves as a unloading component.

3. The jig module according to claim 2, wherein , The components of the radial positioning structure (30) include a through hole provided at the axis of the connecting shaft (23), and a flipping collar (301) is tightly and rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the second camshaft (12). The outer ring of the flipping collar (301) has partial transmission teeth (302) and fixedly sleeves a collar (303) equipped with a shifting block (305).

4. The jig module according to claim 3, wherein, An inner connecting shaft (31) with both ends partially protruding is provided in the axial through hole of the connecting shaft (23). The inner connecting shaft (31) can rotate tightly in the through hole, and a fourth transmission gear (32) is fixed to the lower end of the inner connecting shaft (31).

5. The jig module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial positioning structure (30) further includes a positioning frame (33). One end of the positioning frame (33) is fixed to the upper end of the inner connecting shaft (31), and the other end is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft (23). The positioning frame (33) has meshing teeth (331) that cooperate with the transmission teeth (302) at the part connected to the inner connecting shaft (31), and a distal positioning member (34) is fixed to the positioning frame (33).

6. The jig module according to claim 5, wherein, The radial positioning structure (30) further includes a pre-positioning cylinder (306) fixed in the internal cavity of the module housing (100). The telescopic rod of the pre-positioning cylinder (306) tightly enters the central hole of the third transmission gear (109) and can extend into the working part (g1) of the workpiece during operation to achieve pre-positioning of the workpiece.

7. The jig module according to claim 6, wherein The height position of the distal positioning member (34) should exceed the height of the workpiece in the clamped state. When entering the working position, the size of the distal positioning member (34) needs to cover at least most of the workpiece wafer, while leaving a space for the machining tool to enter and exit at the central position.

8. The jig module according to claim 7, wherein , The radial positioning structure (30) further includes a double-rack transmission assembly (35) fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (103). The double-rack transmission assembly (35) includes: a set of slide rails (351), the slide rails (351) include a fixed part and a movable part, and the fixed part is fixed to the mounting plate (103); a fixed toothed belt (352) fixed to the movable part of the slide rail (351); an elastic sliding toothed belt (353) slidably mounted on the movable part of the slide rail (351); a compression spring (354) abutted against the outer end face of the elastic sliding toothed belt (353); and a spring mounting seat (355) for placing the compression spring (354). In the non-clamping state of the device, the fixed toothed belt (352) is in a separated state from the second transmission gear (22), while the elastic sliding toothed belt (353) remains meshed with the fourth transmission gear (32). In this case, the tooth width of the second transmission gear (22) is relatively wide enough to mesh with the third transmission gear (109) in the upper half and with the fixed toothed belt (352) in the lower half.

9. The jig module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that , The positions of the first camshaft (11) and the second camshaft (12) that are used to cooperate with the driving tooth ring (13) are set to be convex, and a connecting rubber band (14) is provided at the convex positions of the two.

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