A tower crane anti-overturning tray type counterweight falling device and a falling method thereof

Abstract

A tower crane anti-overturning tray type counterweight falling device and a falling method thereof, the device comprising a tower crane jib and a rotary upper support, the tower crane jib being installed above the rotary upper support, a hoist arm part of the tower crane jib being located at a front side of the rotary upper support, a balance arm part being located at a rear side of the rotary upper support, the rear side of the rotary upper support being hinged with the balance arm part, so that the tower crane jib can rotate around the hinged part; a separable structure being adopted between the front side of the rotary upper support and the hoist arm, so that the hoist arm can be separated from the front side of the rotary upper support when the hoist arm is upwarping; an anti-overturning device being arranged below a counterweight installed at an end of the balance arm, the anti-overturning device being connected with a triggering mechanism, the triggering mechanism being fixedly connected to the front side of the rotary upper support. When the tower crane appears a broken rope, an anchor lifting and other working conditions, the tray type counterweight falling device makes the counterweight fall through a mechanical linkage mode, so as to achieve the anti-overturning effect. Furthermore, the present application does not rely on sensors and other electrical elements, has no electrical element misoperation or failure condition, is simple in design, easy to operate and high in reliability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of super large tower crane, in particular to a tray type counterweight falling device for preventing overturning and a falling method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The super large tower crane has the characteristics of heavy hoisting components, high construction height and large operation span. When the tower crane is in sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage and anchor lifting, the tower crane jib will bear an upward rebound force equal to the weight of the hoisting component, and generate a moment in the direction of the balance arm. In addition, the balance weight generates a moment, and the superposition of the two moments will exceed the anti-overturning moment of the tower crane or the bearing limit of the tower crane itself, resulting in tower collapse or tower structure damage, and thus a major safety accident. The balance weight of the existing tower crane is generally fixed, and the tower crane cannot actively adjust the backward moment generated by the balance arm part after the balance weight is installed. Therefore, the existing tower crane can only improve the anti-overturning performance by strengthening the overall and local structure strength of the tower body or adjusting the mass distribution. However, with the continuous increase of the weight of hoisting components in construction projects, and due to the limitations of construction site size, construction conditions, material performance and other reasons, the existing tower crane cannot simply rely on structure strengthening and mass distribution adjustment to improve the anti-overturning performance.

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to design a trolley tray type counterweight falling device. When the tower crane is in sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage and anchor lifting, the tower crane jib rebound force lifts upward and drives the trigger device, so that the trolley tray carrying the balance weight is pulled away from the arm root, and the balance weight on the tray can fall from the tail of the balance arm, instantaneously reducing the backward moment of the tower crane, offsetting the overturning moment generated by the sudden unloading, achieving the effect of anti-overturning, and reducing the damage of sudden unloading to the tower crane structure. SUMMARY

[0004] Technical scheme:

[0005] A tower crane anti-overturning tray type counterweight falling device, comprising a tower crane jib and a rotary upper support, a sub-arm is arranged in the tower crane jib, the tower crane jib is installed above the rotary upper support, the jib part of the tower crane jib is located on the front side of the rotary upper support, the balance arm part is located on the rear side of the rotary upper support, and the rear side of the rotary upper support is hinged with the balance arm to enable the tower crane jib to rotate around the hinged part; a separable structure is adopted between the front side of the rotary upper support and the jib, so that the jib can be separated from the front side of the rotary upper support when the jib is raised; a counterweight falling device is arranged below the balance weight installed at the end of the balance arm, the counterweight falling device is connected with a trigger mechanism, and the trigger mechanism is fixedly connected to the front side of the rotary upper support.

[0006] Furthermore, the front side of the slewing upper support and the lifting boom adopt a separable structure, which includes a limiting shaft set on the tower crane boom and a limiting groove set on the front side of the slewing upper support for receiving the limiting shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the anti-tipping device includes a counterweight tray disposed below the counterweight, and load-bearing rollers that facilitate the movement of the counterweight tray are fixedly installed between the counterweight tray and the lower chord at the tail of the counterweight arm.

[0008] Furthermore, the width of the counterweight tray is the same as the length of the counterweight, and the length of the counterweight tray exceeds the width of the counterweight by 5cm-10cm; a limiting device is set at the position close to the front end of the counterweight to prevent the counterweight tray from sliding due to accidental contact.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a limiting pin hole on the counterweight tray and a limiting rod fixedly mounted on the lower chord, the limiting rod being parallel to the length direction of the counterweight; the limiting rod is located above the limiting pin hole, and a pin hole is provided on the limiting rod at a position directly above the limiting pin hole for inserting a limiting pin; the limiting pin hole and the limiting rod are located close to the front end of the counterweight.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the load-bearing rollers is greater than twice the length of the counterweight pallet.

[0011] Furthermore, the triggering mechanism includes a traction wire rope and a pull pin wire rope. One end of the traction wire rope is connected to the counterweight pallet, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate provided on the front side of the upper slewing support. One end of the pull pin wire rope is connected to the limit pin, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate provided on the front side of the upper slewing support.

[0012] Furthermore, a third guide wheel is provided on the auxiliary boom at the end of the bearing roller, a second guide wheel is provided on the auxiliary boom directly above the position of the third guide wheel, and a first guide wheel is provided on the auxiliary boom at the same height as the second guide wheel at the boom root; gaps are left between the third guide wheel and the lower chord, between the second guide wheel and the upper chord, and between the first guide wheel and the upper chord, so that the traction wire rope can pass around the first guide wheel, the second guide wheel and the third guide wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, a fourth guide wheel is provided on the auxiliary arm directly above the limiting pin hole. The fourth guide wheel is at the same height as the second guide wheel, allowing the pin-pulling wire rope to pass around the fourth guide wheel.

[0014] Furthermore, this invention discloses a method for preventing tower crane overturning pallet-type counterweight detachment, based on the tower crane anti-overturning pallet-type counterweight detachment device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: When the tower crane experiences a sudden situation such as rope breakage or anchor loss, the lifting weight of the boom suddenly decreases, resulting in a relative increase in the weight of the counterweight boom. At this time, due to the separable structure between the front side of the slewing upper support and the boom, the entire boom of the tower crane will rise around the hinged part between the rear side of the slewing upper support and the counterweight boom.

[0016] Step 2: Raise the tower crane boom to pull the traction wire rope and the pin-pulling wire rope fixed to the front ear plate of the slewing upper support. First, pull out the limit pin with the pin-pulling wire rope to put the counterweight pallet in the unlocked state.

[0017] Step 3: The counterweight pallet is pulled by the traction steel wire rope and slides out from the bottom of the counterweight;

[0018] Step 4: The counterweight loses the support of the counterweight tray and detaches from the counterweight arm under the action of gravity;

[0019] Step 5: The tower crane experiences a sudden decrease in the backward tilting moment due to the release of the force. After the counterweight is released, the weight of the structure on one side of the boom is large. Under the action of gravity, the unbalanced and tilted boom gradually returns to its initial position.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] By employing the pallet-type counterweight detachment device of the present invention, the counterweight is no longer fixed to the counterweight boom and cannot be detached. Instead, when the tower crane experiences sudden unloading conditions such as rope breakage or anchor failure, the counterweight on the pallet can be detached from the tail of the counterweight boom through mechanical linkage, instantly reducing the tower crane's backward tilting moment and achieving the effect of preventing overturning.

[0023] The pallet-type counterweight detachment device of the present invention completes the counterweight detachment action entirely through mechanical linkage, without relying on electrical components such as sensors, and will not experience malfunctions or failures of electrical components. It is simple in design, easy to operate, and highly reliable.

[0024] The pallet-type counterweight detachment device of the present invention is equipped with a limiting pin to prevent the counterweight pallet from sliding due to accidental actions such as human touch of the wire rope. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tower crane;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-tipping device;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a limit device. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a diagram of a limit device.Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge structure between the upper support of the slewing arm and the balance arm.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separable structure between the slewing upper support and the crane boom;

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Slewing upper support; 11-Limiting shaft; 12-Limiting groove; 13-Ear plate; 2-Lifting boom; 3-Counter boom; 31-Lower chord; 32-Upper chord; 33-Limiting rod; 4-Counterweight; 41-Counterweight tray; 411-Limiting pin hole; 42-Bearing roller; 5-Limiting pin; 51-Pull pin wire rope; 6-Traction wire rope; 61-First guide wheel; 62-Second guide wheel; 63-Third guide wheel; 64-Fourth guide wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Example

[0033] A tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device includes a tower crane jib and a slewing upper support 1. A secondary jib is installed inside the tower crane jib. The tower crane jib is installed above the slewing upper support 1. The lifting arm 2 of the tower crane jib is located in front of the slewing upper support 1, and the counterweight arm 3 is located in the rear of the slewing upper support 1. The rear of the slewing upper support 1 and the counterweight arm 3 are hinged, allowing the tower crane jib to rotate around the hinge. The front of the slewing upper support 1 and the lifting arm 2 are separated by a separable structure, allowing the lifting arm 2 to detach from the front of the slewing upper support 1 when it tilts upward. An anti-tipping device is installed below the counterweight 4 installed at the end of the counterweight arm 3. The anti-tipping device is connected to a triggering mechanism, which is fixedly connected to the front of the slewing upper support 1. When the boom 2 is raised and disengages from the front of the upper slewing support 1, the triggering mechanism fixed to the upper slewing support 1 is triggered, thereby activating the anti-overturning device to prevent overturning accidents caused by sudden breakage of the hoisting rope.

[0034] In existing technologies, the connection between the slewing upper support 1 and the tower crane boom is hinged. In this invention, the rear side of the slewing upper support 1 is hinged to the counterweight boom 3, and the front side of the slewing upper support 1 is detachable from the lifting boom 2. The purpose is to improve the overturning problem existing in existing tower cranes. The detachable structure between the front side of the slewing upper support 1 and the lifting boom 2 consists of a limiting shaft 11 installed on the tower crane boom and a limiting groove 12 installed on the front side of the slewing upper support 1 to receive the limiting shaft 11.

[0035] The anti-tipping device includes a counterweight tray 41 positioned below the counterweight 4 to support it. The width of the counterweight tray 41 is the same as the length of the counterweight 4, and the length of the counterweight tray 41 exceeds the width of the counterweight 4 by 5 cm. The excess portion is used to set a limiting pin hole 411 on the counterweight tray 41. A limiting rod 33 is fixedly installed on the lower chord 31, and the direction of the limiting rod 33 is parallel to the length direction of the counterweight 4. The limiting rod 33 is located above the limiting pin hole 411, and a pin hole is provided on the limiting rod 33 directly above the limiting pin hole 411 for inserting a limiting pin 5. The limiting pin hole 411 and the limiting rod 33 are positioned close to the counterweight 4, which precisely restrains the counterweight 4 onto the counterweight tray 41. When the limiting pin 5 is inserted from above the limiting rod 33 into the limiting pin hole 411, the counterweight will be restricted to the counterweight tray 41, and the counterweight tray 41 cannot slide freely, thus realizing the static placement state of the counterweight tray 41 supporting the counterweight 4.

[0036] A load-bearing roller 42 is fixedly installed between the counterweight pallet 41 and the lower chord 31 at the tail of the counterweight arm 3. This roller 42, with a length greater than twice the length of the counterweight pallet 41, provides ample sliding space for the counterweight pallet 41 and is used to release the counterweight 4 in case of emergencies such as rope breakage or anchor failure. The release of the counterweight 4 involves triggering a mechanism in the event of such emergencies, thereby achieving protection.

[0037] The aforementioned triggering mechanism includes a traction wire rope 6 and a pull pin wire rope 51. One end of the traction wire rope 6 is connected to the counterweight pallet 41, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate 13 provided on the front side of the upper slewing support 1. One end of the pull pin wire rope 51 is connected to the limiting pin 5, and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate 13 provided on the front side of the upper slewing support 1. A third guide wheel 63 is provided on the auxiliary boom at the end of the bearing roller 42. A second guide wheel 62 is provided on the auxiliary boom directly above the position of the third guide wheel 63. A first guide wheel 61 is provided on the auxiliary boom at the same height as the second guide wheel 62 at the root of the lifting boom 2. There are gaps between the third guide wheel 63 and the lower chord 31, between the second guide wheel 62 and the upper chord 32, and between the first guide wheel 61 and the upper chord 32, so that the traction wire rope 6 can pass around the first guide wheel 61, the second guide wheel 62, and the third guide wheel 63.

[0038] A fourth guide wheel 64 is installed on the auxiliary arm directly above the limit pin hole 411. The fourth guide wheel 64 is at the same height as the second guide wheel 62. The pull pin wire rope 51 and the traction wire rope 6 are both fixed to the ear plate 13 installed on the front side of the slewing upper support 1 and pass through the first guide wheel 61 and the second guide wheel 62. After passing through the second guide wheel 62, the two branches. The traction wire rope 6 hangs down and passes through the third guide wheel 63 to pull the counterweight pallet 41, while the pull pin wire rope 51 passes through the fourth guide wheel 64 and then connects to the limit pin 5.

[0039] When the tower crane experiences sudden events such as rope breakage or anchor failure, the lifting weight of the tower crane boom 2 suddenly decreases, resulting in a relative increase in the weight of the counterweight boom 3. At this time, due to the separable structure between the front side of the slewing upper support 1 and the boom 2, the entire tower crane boom rises around the hinged part between the rear side of the slewing upper support 1 and the counterweight boom 3. Since the traction wire rope 6 and the pull pin wire rope 51 are fixed on the front ear plate 13 of the slewing upper support 1, the rise of the tower crane boom pulls the traction wire rope 6 and the pull pin wire rope 51. When the pull pin wire rope 51 pulls out the limit pin 5, the counterweight pallet 41 is released and is in the unlocked state. Pulled by the traction wire rope 6, the counterweight pallet 41 slides out from the bottom of the counterweight 4. Through the above mechanical linkage, the counterweight 4 loses its support and detaches from the counterweight boom 3 under the action of gravity. The backward tilting moment of the tower crane is suddenly reduced due to the release of the force, and the counterweight 4 finally falls freely to the ground. After the counterweight 4 is removed, the heavy structure on one side of the boom 2 will gradually return to its initial position under the action of gravity, thus achieving the purpose of preventing the tower crane from overturning after rope breakage.

[0040] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device, comprising a tower crane jib and a slewing upper support (1), wherein a secondary jib is provided inside the tower crane jib, the tower crane jib is installed above the slewing upper support (1), the lifting arm (2) of the tower crane jib is located on the front side of the slewing upper support (1), and the counterweight arm (3) is located on the rear side of the slewing upper support (1), characterized in that: The rear side of the slewing upper support (1) is hinged to the counterweight boom (3), allowing the tower crane boom to rotate around the hinged part; the front side of the slewing upper support (1) and the lifting boom (2) adopt a separable structure, so that the lifting boom (2) can be separated from the front side of the slewing upper support (1) when the lifting boom (2) is tilted upward; an anti-tipping device is set below the counterweight (4) installed at the end of the counterweight boom (3), and the anti-tipping device is connected to the triggering mechanism, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the slewing upper support (1); The anti-tipping device includes a counterweight tray (41) located below the counterweight (4), and a load-bearing roller (42) that facilitates the movement of the counterweight tray (41) is fixedly installed between the counterweight tray (41) and the lower chord (31) at the tail of the counterweight arm (3). A limiting device is installed at the front end of the counterweight (4) to prevent the counterweight tray (41) from sliding due to accidental contact; The limiting device includes a limiting pin hole (411) on the counterweight tray (41) and a limiting rod (33) fixedly installed on the lower chord (31). The limiting rod (33) is set in a direction parallel to the length direction of the counterweight (4). The limiting rod (33) is located above the limiting pin hole (411), and a pin hole is provided on the limiting rod (33) at a position directly above the limiting pin hole (411) for inserting a limiting pin (5). The limiting pin hole (411) and the limiting rod (33) are set at a position close to the front end of the counterweight (4). The triggering mechanism includes a traction wire rope (6) and a pull pin wire rope (51). One end of the traction wire rope (6) is connected to the counterweight tray (41), and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate (13) provided on the front side of the upper slewing support (1). One end of the pull pin wire rope (51) is connected to the limiting pin (5), and the other end is fixedly connected to the ear plate (13) provided on the front side of the upper slewing support (1).

2. The tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separable structure between the front side of the slewing upper support (1) and the lifting arm (2) includes a limiting shaft (11) provided on the tower crane boom and a limiting groove (12) provided on the front side of the slewing upper support (1) for receiving the limiting shaft (11).

3. The tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the counterweight tray (41) is the same as the length of the counterweight (4), and the length of the counterweight tray (41) exceeds the width of the counterweight (4) by 5cm-10cm.

4. A tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the load-bearing roller (42) is more than twice the length of the counterweight pallet (41).

5. A tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third guide wheel (63) is provided on the auxiliary arm at the end of the bearing roller (42). A second guide wheel (62) is provided on the auxiliary arm directly above the position of the third guide wheel (63) on the front side. A first guide wheel (61) is provided on the auxiliary arm at the same height as the second guide wheel (62) at the root of the lifting arm (2). There are gaps between the third guide wheel (63) and the lower chord (31), the second guide wheel (62) and the upper chord (32), and the first guide wheel (61) and the upper chord (32), so that the traction wire rope (6) can pass around the first guide wheel (61), the second guide wheel (62) and the third guide wheel (63).

6. A tower crane anti-tipping pallet-type counterweight detachment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fourth guide wheel (64) is provided on the auxiliary arm directly above the limiting pin hole (411). The fourth guide wheel (64) is at the same height as the second guide wheel (62), so that the pull pin wire rope (51) can pass around the fourth guide wheel (64).

7. A method for preventing the counterweight from falling off a tower crane's anti-tipping pallet type, based on the anti-tipping pallet type counterweight falling off device described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the tower crane experiences a sudden rope breakage or anchor drop, the lifting weight of the boom (2) suddenly decreases, resulting in a relative increase in the weight of the counterweight boom (3). At this time, due to the separable structure between the front side of the slewing upper support (1) and the boom (2), the entire tower crane boom will rise around the hinge between the rear side of the slewing upper support (1) and the counterweight boom (3). Step 2: The tower crane boom is raised to pull the traction wire rope (6) and the pull pin wire rope (51) fixed on the front ear plate (13) of the slewing upper support (1). The pull pin wire rope (51) first pulls out the limit pin (5) so that the counterweight pallet (41) is in the unlocked state. Step 3: The counterweight pallet (41) is pulled by the traction wire rope (6) and slides out from the bottom of the counterweight (4); Step 4: The counterweight (4) loses the support of the counterweight tray (41) and detaches from the counterweight arm (3) under the action of gravity. Step 5: The tower crane is subjected to a sudden decrease in the backward tilting moment due to the release of the force. After the counterweight (4) is released, the weight of the structure on one side of the boom (2) is large. Under the action of gravity, the unbalanced and tilted boom gradually returns to the initial position.

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