Coating agent for ciliate minute grain seeds of Gramineae and preparation method of coated seeds

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of coating agents, and particularly relates to a coating agent for ciliated small seeds of Gramineae and a preparation method of coated seeds. The seeds have cilia and awns. The coating agent is composed of an inner core, a nutrient layer, a seed layer and a coating layer from the inside to the outside in sequence; the inner core is selected from any one of clay pellets, mung beans and sorghum grains; the nutrient layer is composed of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite and a nutrient additive; the seed layer is composed of an adhesive, talcum powder and bentonite; the coating layer is composed of a water-retaining agent, talcum powder and bentonite. The coating agent of the present invention can solve the problems of interference of cilia and awns of small seeds of Gramineae during the pelleting process, mutual adhesion on the surface, and poor soil-piercing ability, and at the same time solve the problems of difficult germination and caking caused by heavy pelleting of small seeds, improve the utilization efficiency of small seeds with cilia and awns, and enhance the sowing adaptability and stress resistance of seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coating agents, and particularly relates to a coating agent for ciliated minute seeds of gramineous plants and a preparation method of coated seeds. Background Art

[0002] With the country's requirements for grassland ecological restoration and the emphasis on using native species for greening and other work, the development of native grasses has attracted much attention. However, due to the characteristics of many excellent wild native grass seeds, such as small volume, light weight, and the presence of awns, it is difficult to directly sow them, and the low propagation coefficient has become a bottleneck problem that prevents large-scale popularization and application. For example, seeds of Calamagrostis epigejos, the dominant species in meadow grassland, Bothriochloa ischaemum, the dominant species in warm grasslands, Stipa bungeana, the dominant species in the dry steppe of the Loess Plateau, Artemisia frigida, the main dominant species in sandy grasslands, and Artemisia gmelinii seeds all have the above problems. Pelletization technology is commonly used to improve the sowing performance of small seeds, enhance the stress resistance of seeds, etc. While improving seed vitality and resistance, it has many advantages such as saving labor costs, and it is a high-tech agriculture developed on the basis of traditional technologies. At present, the existing pelletization technology is relatively common in the application of minute seeds in horticultural fields such as rapeseed and flower seeds, and the pelletization technology is also relatively mature. China has achieved certain results in the field of pelletization technology for minute seeds, and has achieved certain success in crops such as tobacco, rapeseed, sugar beet, petunia, corn, and Elymus dahuricus. For example, China has carried out research on pelletization technology for tobacco seeds since 1988 and made breakthrough progress. Technical indicators such as the single-grain rate, seed-bearing rate, compressive strength, and cracking degree of its pelletized seeds, as well as the field emergence rate and seedling quality, have reached the international level of similar research. However, the existing pelletization technology does not involve the pelletization processing technology for seeds with hairs or awns, which has encountered a bottleneck in the propagation and application of excellent native grasses with hairs or awns, and also restricts the development of the native grass industry.

[0003] A variety of auxiliaries and coating materials added in the existing pelletized coating make the coating material provide or create a microenvironment for the seeds after the pelletized seeds are sown to improve the environmental conditions after sowing. For example, coating materials with water absorption and water retention properties are added to the pelletized coating material, which can absorb and accumulate the water in the soil, thereby meeting the water demand for seed germination in arid areas and improving the ability of seeds to resist drought environments (for example: the application of water-retaining agents in the coating of Elymus dahuricus seeds). In addition, a certain amount of nutrients are added to the coating material, which can release nutrient elements after the pelletized seeds are sown to ensure the supply of nutrients during the germination process of plants, thereby enhancing the seedling quality and increasing the seedling retention rate (for example: the application of slow-release fertilizers in the coating of flowering Chinese cabbage and tomato seeds); appropriate and proper growth regulators are mixed in the coating material, which can improve both the germination rate and seed vitality of the seeds (for example: the application of gibberellin in cucumber and celery seeds).

[0004] For native grass seeds, which are tiny in volume, carry little nutrients on their own, have relatively weak resistance to adversities such as drought, have villi and awns, and are suitable for shallow sowing, using the pelleting and coating technology for pre-sowing treatment is a necessary measure to promote the radicle to take root, increase the emergence rate, conserve water and resist drought, and improve the utilization efficiency. After the small seeds are pelleted and coated, they are processed into ellipsoids with a particle size of 3 - 5 mm, which is convenient for mechanical precision sowing and saves seed usage. However, the filling material of the existing pelleting technology is generally 3 - 7 times the mass of the seeds. When exceeding this ratio, it will hinder the germination effect of the seeds. For tiny seeds with a thousand-grain weight less than 0.5 g, such as Calamagrostis epigejos, Bothriochloa ischaemum, and Artemisia frigida, the existing pelleting technology formula and process will make their shell coats too thick, restricting the germination of tiny seeds, which is more obvious in arid areas with less rainfall. In addition, for tiny grass seeds of the Gramineae family with awns or cilia, the existing pelleting technology will cause it difficult for the seeds to adhere to the coating, and it is difficult to control the number of seeds in the coating. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a coating agent for tiny seeds of the Gramineae family with cilia and a preparation method for coated seeds. The present invention can solve the problems of interference of cilia and awns of tiny seeds of the Gramineae family during the pelleting process, surface adhesion to each other, poor soil-piercing ability, waste of seeds and high labor costs during large-scale sowing, and at the same time solve the problems of difficult germination and agglomeration caused by heavy pelleting of tiny seeds, improve the utilization efficiency of tiny seeds with cilia and awns, enhance the sowing adaptability and stress resistance of the seeds, and reduce seed waste.

[0006] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pelleting coating agent for tiny seeds of the Gramineae family with cilia, the seeds have cilia and awns, and the pelleting coating agent is composed of an inner core, a nutrient layer, a seed layer and a coating layer from the inside to the outside in sequence;

[0008] The inner core is selected from any one of clay pellets, mung beans, and sorghum grains;

[0009] The nutrient layer is composed of peat soil, talc powder, bentonite and a nutrient additive in a mass ratio of 15 - 20:35 - 40:35 - 40:0 - 15, and a micro-soil nutrient environment is established while increasing the weight;

[0010] The seed layer is composed of an adhesive, talc powder, and bentonite in a mass ratio of 32 - 35:45 - 50:15 - 23, and the proportion is extremely small, only serving to paste the cilia and awns of the seeds;

[0011] The coating layer is composed of a water retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite in a mass ratio of 13-20:62-65:18-22, has strong water absorption capacity to achieve the effect of drought resistance and moisture retention, can promote the disintegration of the nutrient layer, release nutrients, and also plays a role in pellet reinforcement.

[0012] Further, the particle sizes of the inner core, nutrient layer, seed layer, and coating layer are 2-3 mm, 7-9 mm, 11-13 mm, and 12-15 mm in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the nutrient additive includes one or more of rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer.

[0014] Furthermore, the binder is a mixture of one or two of carboxymethyl cellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder.

[0015] Furthermore, the water retaining agent is a high molecular weight water absorbent resin.

[0016] Furthermore, the mesh number of the peat soil, nutrient additive, and high molecular weight water absorbent resin is ≥200 mesh.

[0017] A method for preparing coated seeds, using the pelletizing coating agent for coating. The seeds are small grains of gramineous plants with cilia and awns. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] 1) Prepare the fillers for the nutrient layer, seed layer, and coating layer;

[0019] Mix peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additive evenly according to a mass ratio of 15-20:35-40:35-40:0-15 to obtain the nutrient filler;

[0020] Mix the binder, talcum powder, and bentonite evenly according to a mass ratio of 32-35:45-50:15-23 to obtain the seed layer filler;

[0021] Mix the water retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite evenly according to a mass ratio of 13-20:62-65:18-22 to obtain the coating layer filler;

[0022] 2) Process the nutrient layer

[0023] Spray water mist on the surface of the inner core to make it wet, wrap the nutrient filler on the surface of the inner core to make a nutrient sphere, and dry it;

[0024] 3) Paste the seeds

[0025] Spray water mist onto the surface of the nutrient sphere to moisten it, wrap the seed layer filler around the surface of the nutrient sphere, and then spray on the tiny seeds of the Gramineae family, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the nutrient layer, and roll it into a sphere for later use;

[0026] 4) Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer to form complete pellets and dry them.

[0027] Furthermore, before the seeds are pasted, use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia first.

[0028] Furthermore, the number of seeds adhered to the surface of the nutrient layer is 8-10 grains.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) Through the working principle and process of "pelletizing the nutrient layer through the pellet core, pasting the seeds on the nutrient layer and then performing pellet coating", without going through the processes of delinting and awn removal, grass seeds with cilia or awns can be directly wrapped in the pellets, solving the interference of the cilia and awns of the tiny seeds of the Gramineae family, improving the sowing efficiency and germination rate of the tiny grass seeds with cilia and awns, and reducing seed waste and seedling raising costs.

[0031] (2) Aiming at the problem of high pellet hardness and difficult root penetration caused by excessive adhesive, this technology has improved the production method. That is, the adhesive only plays the role of pasting the seeds, and both the material nutrient layer and the coating layer are pelletized by fusing the filler and water, so as to reduce the dosage of the adhesive, promote the disintegration of the pellets, and improve the elongation growth of the bacon.

[0032] (3) By mixing the adhesive powder with the seed layer filler, the adhesive concentration is increased to 32%-35% for the first time, reducing the amount of adhesive used. The adhesive produces strong viscosity when it meets water to adhere to the cilia and awns of the tiny seeds of the Gramineae family. Thus, the problem of easy shedding of the pellets of the tiny grass seeds with cilia and awns is solved.

[0033] (4) Through technologies such as drought resistance and water retention treatment, adding some materials with strong water absorption in combination with fillers has improved the water supply capacity around the seeds, increased the water utilization rate around the seeds and the germination potential of the seeds, and can also provide sufficient oxygen for the germinated seeds, improving the drought resistance adaptability of the seeds during germination and seedling stages. Secondly, it can accelerate the water absorption and cracking of the pellets, promote the release of internal nutrient elements, and enhance the vitality of the seedlings. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural sectional view of the pellet coating agent of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a size comparison between Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds and millet.

[0036] Figure 3 For the size comparison between Chinese silvergrass seeds and millet. Specific implementation mode

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Chinese silvergrass seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight is 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use.

[0040] (2) Configure the filler for the nutrient layer: Use a pulverizer to pulverize and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 meshes for later use, and uniformly mix them according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use; the nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (the mass ratio is 1:8:2); the rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15.

[0041] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water until the surface of the inner core is evenly moist (the inner core uses small mud pellets with a particle size of about 3 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0-mm upper sieve and an 8.0-mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part.

[0042] (4) Configure the filler for the seed layer: It is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:50:16. The binder is a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder with the same mass.

[0043] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the above-mentioned 1000 Chinese silvergrass seeds for later use, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all Chinese silvergrass seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use.

[0044] (6) Configure the filler for the coating layer: The water-retaining agent is a high-molecular water-absorbing resin ground and sieved to 200 meshes. The coating layer filler is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 17:62:21.

[0045] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this sub-step multiple times continuously until all the fillers are added to form complete pellets;

[0046] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Calamagrostis epigejos seeds (1000-grain weight 0.18 g) collected, and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0049] (2) Prepare the filler for the nutrient layer: Use a pulverizer to pulverize and sieve the peat soil to 200 meshes for later use, and mix evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additive of 15:37:37:11. The nutrient additive includes rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (the mass ratio is 1:8:2); the rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0050] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water until the surface of the inner core is evenly moist (the inner core used is peeled sorghum rice boiled in boiling water, with a particle size of about 2.2 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler to wrap around the surface of the inner core, and repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler multiple times to form nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a sieve with an upper mesh size of 8.0 mm and a lower mesh size of 7.0 mm, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0051] (4) Prepare the filler for the seed layer: Uniformly mix according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 33:48:19. The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder with the same mass;

[0052] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the 1000 Calamagrostis epigejos seeds prepared above to make the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step multiple times continuously until all the Calamagrostis epigejos seeds are added, and roll them into balls for later use;

[0053] (6) Prepare the filler for the coating layer: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer ground and sieved to 200 meshes. The coating layer filler is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 19:63:18;

[0054] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this sub-step multiple times continuously until all the fillers are added to form complete pellets;

[0055] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight is 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0058] (2) Prepare the filler for the nutrient layer: Use a pulverizer to pulverize and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 meshes for later use, and uniformly mix them according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 20:37:37:6 for later use; The nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (the mass ratio is 1:3:2); The rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0059] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water on the surface of the inner core until it is evenly moist (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0-mm upper sieve and an 8.0-mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0060] (4) Prepare the filler for the seed layer: It is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 35:49:16. The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethylcellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder of the same mass;

[0061] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the 1000 B. ischaemum seeds prepared above, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all the B. ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0062] (6) Prepare the filler for the coating layer: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 meshes. The coating layer filler is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 13:65:22;

[0063] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step many times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0064] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight is 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0067] (2) Configure the nutrient layer filler: Use a crusher to crush and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 meshes for later use. Mix them evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:36:36:13 for later use; The nutrient additives include organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer (the mass ratio is 10:3). The organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0068] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water on the surface of the inner core until it is evenly moist (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm). Add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0069] (4) Configure the seed layer filler: It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:50:16. The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder of the same mass;

[0070] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface. Add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the above-mentioned 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0071] (6) Configure the coating layer filler: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 meshes. The coating layer filler is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 17:62:21;

[0072] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step many times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0073] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0076] (2) Configure the nutrient layer filler: Use a crusher to crush and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 mesh for later use. Mix them evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use; the nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (with a mass ratio of 1:8:2); the rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0077] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water evenly on the surface of the inner core (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0078] (4) Configure the seed layer filler: Mix evenly according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:50:16. The binder is carboxymethyl cellulose sodium powder;

[0079] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the above-mentioned 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0080] (6) Configure the coating layer filler: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 mesh. Mix it evenly according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 17:62:21;

[0081] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step many times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0082] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0085] (2) Configure the nutrient layer filler: Use a crusher to crush and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 mesh for later use. Mix them evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use; The nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (with a mass ratio of 1:8:2); The rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0086] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water on the surface of the inner core until it is evenly moist (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm). Add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0087] (4) Configure the seed layer filler: It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of adhesive, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:50:16. The adhesive is polyvinyl alcohol powder;

[0088] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface. Add the seed layer filler containing the adhesive, and then spray in the above-mentioned 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0089] (6) Configure the coating layer filler: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 mesh. It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 17:62:21;

[0090] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step many times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0091] (8) Carry out drying and storage.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0094] (2) Configure the filler for the nutrient layer: Use a crusher to crush peat soil and nutrient additives, sieve them to 200 mesh for later use, and uniformly mix them according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use; The nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (with a mass ratio of 1:8:2); The rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0095] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water onto the surface of the inner core until it is evenly moist (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler multiple times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0096] (4) Configure the filler for the seed layer: It is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 10:63:27. The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder of the same mass;

[0097] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres, spray water onto their surfaces, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum prepared above, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step multiple times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0098] (6) Configure the filler for the coating layer: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 mesh, and it is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 17:62:21;

[0099] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step multiple times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0100] (8) Conduct drying and storage.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 seeds of wild Bothriochloa ischaemum with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight is 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0103] (2) Configure the nutrient layer filler: Use a crusher to crush and sieve peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 meshes for later use. Mix them evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use; The nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (with a mass ratio of 1:8:2); The rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15;

[0104] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water evenly on the surface of the inner core (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm), add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler many times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, pass through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part;

[0105] (4) Configure the seed layer filler: It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:50:16; The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder with the same mass;

[0106] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water on the surface, add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the above-mentioned 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step many times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use

[0107] (6) Configure the coating layer filler: The water-retaining agent is a superabsorbent polymer resin ground and sieved to 200 meshes. It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 5:72:23;

[0108] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step many times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets;

[0109] (8) Conduct drying and storage.

[0110] Control Example 3

[0111] (1) Seed screening and impurity removal: Select 1000 wild Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds with cilia and awns collected (1000-grain weight is 0.29 g), and use talcum powder to disperse the adhered cilia for later use;

[0112] (2) Configure the filler for the nutrient layer: Use a crusher to crush and sieve the peat soil and nutrient additives to 200 mesh for later use. Mix them evenly according to the mass ratio of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and nutrient additives of 15:37:37:11 for later use. The nutrient additives include rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer (with a mass ratio of 1:8:2). The rooting powder is ABT rooting powder, the organic fertilizer is decomposed sheep manure, and the ratio of N, P, and K in the compound fertilizer is 14-16-15.

[0113] (3) Process the nutrient layer: Spray water onto the surface of the inner core until it is evenly moist (the small pellets used for this inner core have a particle size of about 3 mm). Add an appropriate amount of nutrient filler and wrap it on the surface of the inner core. Repeat the continuous alternation of water and nutrient filler multiple times to make nutrient spheres. After drying, sieve them through a 9.0 mm upper sieve and an 8.0 mm lower sieve, and take 100 spheres from the middle part.

[0114] (4) Configure the filler for the seed layer: It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of binder, talcum powder, and bentonite of 34:33:33. The binder is a mixture of sodium carboxymethylcellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder of equal mass.

[0115] (5) Paste the seeds: Take 100 nutrient spheres and spray water onto their surfaces. Add the seed layer filler containing the binder, and then spray in the 1000 seeds of Bothriochloa ischaemum prepared above, so that the seed cilia adhere to the surface of the core. Repeat this step multiple times until all the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds are put in, and roll them into balls for later use.

[0116] (6) Configure the filler for the coating layer: The water-retaining agent is a high molecular water-absorbing resin that has been ground and sieved to 200 mesh. It is made by evenly mixing according to the mass ratio of water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite of 16:42:42.

[0117] (7) Pellet coating: Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer, and repeat this step multiple times until all the filler is put in to make complete pellets.

[0118] (8) Conduct drying and storage.

[0119] The structural sectional view of the pelleting coating agent of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown, and the morphologies of the Bothriochloa ischaemum seeds and Calamagrostis epigejos seeds are as Figures 2 - 3 shown. Combining the above examples and comparative examples, plant the coated seeds and measure the physical and chemical properties of the pellets. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0120] Table 1 Germination rate of pellets and physical and chemical properties of pellets in the examples

[0121]

[0122] It should be noted that when the claims of the present invention involve numerical ranges, it should be understood that both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. To avoid redundancy, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0123] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0124] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A pelleting coating agent for ciliate minute grain seeds of Gramineae, characterized in that, The seeds have cilia and awns, and the pelleting coating agent is composed of an inner core, a nutrient layer, a seed layer, and a coating layer from the inside to the outside in sequence; The inner core is selected from any one of mud pellets, mung beans, and sorghum grains; The nutrient layer is composed of peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and a nutrient additive in a mass ratio of 15-20:35-40:35-40:0-15; The seed layer is composed of an adhesive, talcum powder, and bentonite in a mass ratio of 32-35:45-50:15-23; The coating layer is composed of a water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite in a mass ratio of 13-20:62-65:18-22; The particle sizes of the inner core, the nutrient layer, the seed layer, and the coating layer are 2-3mm, 7-9mm, 11-13mm, and 12-15mm in sequence.

2. The pelletizing coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrient additive includes one or more of rooting powder, organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer.

3. The pelletizing coating agent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adhesive is a mixture of one or two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder.

4. The pelletizing coating agent according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water-retaining agent is a high molecular weight water-absorbing resin.

5. The pelletizing coating agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mesh number of the peat soil, the nutrient additive, and the high molecular weight water-absorbing resin is ≥200 mesh.

6. A method for preparing coated seeds, characterized in that, Coating is carried out using the pelleting coating agent described in claim 5, and the seeds are tiny seeds of the Gramineae family with cilia and awns. The method specifically includes the following steps: 1) Prepare the filler for the nutrient layer, the filler for the seed layer, and the filler for the coating layer; Mix peat soil, talcum powder, bentonite, and a nutrient additive evenly according to a mass ratio of 15-20:35-40:35-40:0-15 to obtain the nutrient filler; Mix an adhesive, talcum powder, and bentonite evenly according to a mass ratio of 32-35:45-50:15-23 to obtain the seed layer filler; Mix a water-retaining agent, talcum powder, and bentonite evenly according to a mass ratio of 13-20:62-65:18-22 to obtain the coating layer filler; 2) Process the nutrient layer Spray water mist on the surface of the inner core to make it wet, wrap the nutrient filler on the surface of the inner core, make a nutrient sphere, and dry it; 3) Paste the seeds Spray water mist on the surface of the nutrient sphere to make it wet, wrap the seed layer filler on the surface of the nutrient sphere, and then spray tiny seeds of the Gramineae family so that the cilia of the seeds adhere to the surface of the nutrient layer, and roll it into a sphere for use; 4) Alternately spray the coating layer filler and water on the surface of the seed layer to make a complete pellet and dry it.

7. The preparation method of a coated seed according to claim 6, wherein, Before the seeds are pasted, first disperse their adhered cilia with talcum powder.

8. The preparation method of a coated seed according to claim 6, wherein, The number of seeds adhered to the surface of the nutrient layer is 8-10 grains.

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