A hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a hole-reaming self-locking anchoring structure and a construction method thereof, which relate to the technical field of slope support. The anchoring structure includes an anchor rod, a pad, an anchor nut, a hole-reaming assembly, a plurality of self-locking assemblies, and a driving assembly; the hole-reaming assembly includes a first cylinder and a plurality of hole-reaming parts, the first cylinder is located at the bottom of the straight hole, and the hole-reaming parts are movably connected to the first cylinder; the self-locking assembly includes a second cylinder and a plurality of self-locking parts, and the self-locking parts are movably connected to the second cylinder; the driving assembly includes a driving rod, a first driving block, and a second driving block, the driving rod is passed through the interior of the anchor rod, and the first driving block and the second driving block are both arranged on the driving rod; the movement of the anchor rod drives the movement of the first driving block and the second driving block. The present application can improve the position stability of the anchoring structure fixedly installed on the slope, thereby improving the effect of slope support construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope support, and in particular to a hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Slopes formed during construction often experience geological disasters such as landslides, collapses, expansion, or spalling when encountering rain or strong vibrations. To prevent these geological disasters, slope support is necessary. Currently, anchor structures are commonly used to support slopes.

[0003] Based on their geological composition, slopes can be divided into a landslide mass and a sliding bed, from the outside inward. The landslide mass is also known as the unstable zone, while the sliding bed is known as the stable zone. Anchor structures penetrate the landslide mass and extend into the sliding bed, supporting the sliding force of the landslide mass and stabilizing the slope.

[0004] In the existing slope support construction process, a drilling tool is usually used to drill a straight hole on the slope, then an anchor structure is inserted into the straight hole and fixed to the slope position, and finally concrete slurry is poured into the straight hole. After the concrete slurry solidifies, the anchor structure can support the slope.

[0005] However, after the existing anchor structure is inserted into the vertical hole, it is usually fixed in position only by the part of itself located outside the vertical hole forming a connection with the slope. Therefore, before grouting, the position stability of the anchor structure after installation on the slope is poor; and during the grouting process, as the concrete slurry is poured in, the relative position of the anchor structure in the vertical hole is prone to change, thereby affecting the final slope support construction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure and a construction method thereof, which can improve the position stability of the anchoring structure when it is fixedly installed on a slope, thereby improving the effect of slope support construction.

[0007] On the one hand, the present application provides a hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A hole-reaming self-locking anchoring structure comprises an anchor rod, a backing plate, an anchor nut, a hole-reaming assembly, a plurality of self-locking assemblies, and a driving assembly; one end of the anchor rod is inserted into a straight hole, and the other end of the anchor rod is located outside the straight hole; the backing plate is sleeved on the anchor rod and abuts against a slope, and the backing plate covers the opening of the straight hole; the anchor nut is threadedly engaged with the anchor rod and drives the backing plate to press against the slope;

[0009] The reaming assembly is arranged at one end of the anchor rod passing through the straight hole, and comprises a first cylinder and a plurality of reaming pieces. The first cylinder is located at the bottom of the straight hole and is adapted to the straight hole. The reaming pieces are movably connected to the first cylinder.

[0010] The self-locking components are all arranged at the portion of the anchor rod located in the straight hole, and the self-locking components include a second cylinder and a plurality of self-locking parts, and the self-locking parts are movably connected to the second cylinder;

[0011] The driving assembly includes a driving rod, a first driving block and a second driving block, the driving rod being passed through the interior of the anchor rod, one end of the driving rod being movably and detachably connected to the first cylinder, and the other end of the driving rod passing through the part of the anchor rod located outside the straight hole; the first driving block and the second driving block are both arranged on the driving rod and located inside the anchor rod, and the second driving block is located on the side of the first driving block away from the reaming assembly; the movement of the anchor rod relative to the first cylinder drives the first driving block and the second driving block to move, the movement of the first driving block drives several of the reaming parts and several of the self-locking parts to move in a direction away from the driving rod, and the movement of the second driving block drives several of the reaming parts to position and drives several of the self-locking parts to self-lock with the slope.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, after the anchoring structure is inserted into the straight hole, it can be fixed on the slope by the anchor nut and the pad. Then, controlling the movement of the driving rod can drive the first driving block and the second driving block to move, and drive the hole expansion component to cooperate with the hole expansion and the self-locking component to form self-locking with the slope soil layer, thereby improving the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure, improving the position stability of the anchoring structure fixed on the slope, and thereby improving the support effect of the anchoring structure on the slope.

[0013] Optionally, the hole expanding member is rotatably connected to the first cylinder, and the rotation axis of the hole expanding member is parallel to the length direction of the anchor rod. When the first driving block moves toward the direction close to the straight hole opening, the first driving block pushes the several hole expanding members to rotate outward; the first cylinder is provided with several first clearance holes adapted to the hole expanding member. When the hole expanding member rotates to the extreme position toward the direction close to the anchor rod, the hole expanding member blocks the corresponding first clearance holes.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after several reaming members rotate outward, the overall pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure is improved, and since the rotation axis of the reaming member is parallel to the direction of the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure, the probability of the reaming member rotating relative to the first cylinder after the anchoring structure is pulled out can be reduced, thereby improving the stability of the reaming assembly's effect of improving the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure, and further improving the support effect of the anchoring structure on the slope.

[0015] Optionally, the reamer is an arc-shaped structure as a whole, the arc-shaped trajectory of the reamer is perpendicular to its rotation axis, and the end of the reamer close to the anchor rod is concave.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the reamer rotates to block the first relief hole, the outer surface of the reamer will be adapted to the outer surface of the first cylinder, thereby facilitating the reamer assembly to penetrate the straight hole; after the driving assembly drives the reamer to rotate outward and position it, during the pouring of concrete, concrete can flow out from the inside of the anchor rod through several first relief holes into the straight hole, and the arc-shaped structures of several reamer members can play a guiding role, and make the concrete first apply an outward force to the reamer in the process of filling the straight hole. When the concrete is filled to a certain extent and an inward force is applied to the reamer, the concrete on the inside of the reamer can share the force, thereby reducing the probability of damage to the reamer due to the force of the concrete on the reamer during the pouring of concrete, improving the structural strength of the reamer assembly, and thereby extending the service life of the reamer assembly.

[0017] Optionally, the reamer is a wedge-shaped structure as a whole, and has a wedge-shaped surface at one end of the reamer close to the straight hole opening; after the reamer is rotated outward, the end of the wedge-shaped surface close to the anchor rod is an inclined lower end with the axis of the anchor rod as a reference.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving assembly drives several expansion members to rotate outward, and after the pouring of concrete is completed and solidified, the wedge-shaped structure can increase the resistance that needs to be overcome when the anchoring structure is pulled outward, and the wedge-shaped surface can increase the contact area between the expansion member and the concrete, thereby further improving the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure.

[0019] Optionally, the reaming assembly further includes a plurality of positioning members, which correspond one-to-one to the plurality of reaming members, and are slidably connected to the reaming members. The sliding direction of the positioning members is parallel to the rotation axis of the reaming members, and the first cylinder is provided with positioning grooves on the walls of the plurality of first clearance holes; after the first driving block movably drives the reaming member to rotate, the positioning member is aligned with the positioning groove; the second driving block movably drives the positioning member to slide and engage with the positioning groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after the first driving block drives several reaming parts to rotate outward, the second driving block follows closely and drives several positioning parts to slide and then engage with the corresponding positioning grooves, thereby fixing the positions of several reaming parts, thereby further improving the position stability of several reaming parts after rotating outward and improving the structural strength of the reaming assembly.

[0021] Optionally, the self-locking assembly further comprises a plurality of telescopic parts, and the plurality of telescopic parts correspond one-to-one to the plurality of self-locking parts; the self-locking parts are rotatably connected to the second cylinder, and the rotation axis of the self-locking parts is perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor rod, and the second cylinder is provided with a plurality of second clearance holes adapted to the self-locking parts, and the self-locking parts rotate in and out of the second clearance holes; the telescopic parts are slidably connected to the self-locking parts, and the sliding direction of the telescopic parts is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the self-locking parts; when the first driving block moves toward the direction close to the straight hole opening, the first driving block pushes the plurality of self-locking parts to rotate outward, and the second driving block moves to drive the telescopic parts to slide in the direction away from the anchor rod and penetrate into the slope.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, after the first driving block drives the several self-locking parts to rotate outward, the second driving block follows closely and drives the several telescopic parts to slide outward and penetrate into the soil layer of the slope, thereby improving the pull-out resistance of the self-locking component by forming a connection with the slope soil layer. At this time, the anchoring structure needs to overcome the resistance between the several telescopic parts and the slope soil layer when being pulled out, and after pouring concrete, the self-locking parts and telescopic parts can further increase the contact area between the self-locking component and the concrete, thereby further improving the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure.

[0023] Optionally, the telescopic member has a cavity inside, and the cavity passes through both ends of the telescopic member along the sliding direction of the telescopic member.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the cross-sectional area of the telescopic member is reduced, making it easier for the telescopic member to slide into the slope soil layer. At the same time, it can reduce the damage caused to the slope soil layer by the telescopic member penetrating into the slope soil layer, and reduce the probability of the slope soil layer loosening or even collapsing.

[0025] Optionally, the interior of the self-locking part has a sliding space for the telescopic part to slide, the sliding space runs through both ends of the self-locking part, the cavity is connected to the sliding space, and the sliding space is connected to the space inside the anchor rod at one end close to the anchor rod.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, after the self-locking is formed between the self-locking component and the slope soil layer, during the pouring of concrete, the concrete can enter the sliding space from the space inside the anchor rod and then be injected into the slope soil layer around the self-locking component through the cavity, thereby improving the structural stability of the slope soil layer around the self-locking component, and further improving the support effect of the anchoring structure on the slope after pouring concrete.

[0027] Optionally, the telescopic member has an oblique thorn structure at one end away from the anchor rod, and a plurality of grouting holes are opened on the telescopic member, and both ends of the grouting holes are respectively connected to the cavity and the space around the telescopic member.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, during the concrete pouring process, after the concrete enters the sliding space from the space inside the anchor rod and then enters the cavity, the concrete can seep out through a number of grouting holes, making it easier for the concrete to fill the straight hole. At the same time, the concrete can be more evenly distributed when injected into the slope soil layer around the self-locking component, making it easier to inject the concrete into the slope soil layer, thereby improving the quality of concrete pouring and further improving the positional stability of the anchoring structure relative to the slope.

[0029] On the other hand, the present application also provides a construction method, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0030] A construction method for supporting a slope is implemented based on the aforementioned hole-enlarging self-locking anchor structure, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0031] excavating a vertical hole on the slope;

[0032] Expanding the bottom of the straight hole;

[0033] Inserting the anchor structure into the vertical hole and fixing it in position on the slope;

[0034] Controlling the driving rod to drive the first driving block and the second driving block to move toward the straight hole opening, so that the plurality of hole-expanding members move into the hole and are positioned, and the plurality of self-locking members move and penetrate into the side slope to form a self-locking state;

[0035] Disassemble the driving rod from the first cylinder and remove the driving assembly;

[0036] Concrete is poured into the inner space of the anchor rod through one end of the anchor rod located outside the straight hole, so that the concrete fills the remaining space in the straight hole, and then the concrete is solidified.

[0037] In summary, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. It can improve the pull-out resistance of the anchor structure, thereby improving the position stability of the anchor structure fixed on the slope, and further improving the slope support effect of the anchor structure;

[0039] 2. It is convenient for construction workers to use the driving component to control the hole-expanding component and several self-locking components, so that the hole-expanding component is adapted to the expanded hole and the self-locking component is self-locked with the slope soil layer, thereby improving the pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure and facilitating operation;

[0040] 3. It can facilitate concrete pouring, reduce the impact of concrete pouring on the expansion assembly and self-locking assembly, improve the concrete pouring effect, and further improve the stability of the relative position between the anchoring structure and the slope after the concrete solidifies;

[0041] 4. While improving the positional stability between the anchoring structure and the slope, it can also reduce the damage of the anchoring structure to the slope soil layer and ensure the size and shape of the straight hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a hole-expanding self-locking anchoring structure in an embodiment of the present application when it is just inserted into a straight hole;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure after installation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a hole-expanding self-locking anchoring structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0047] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Slope; 11. Straight hole; 12. Reaming hole; 2. Anchor rod; 3. Pad; 4. Anchor rod nut; 5. Reaming hole assembly; 51. First cylinder; 511. First clearance hole; 512. Positioning groove; 52. Reaming hole member; 521. First abutting portion; 522. Wedge surface; 53. Positioning member; 6. Self-locking assembly; 61. Second cylinder; 611. Second clearance hole; 62. Self-locking member; 621. Self-locking portion; 622. Second abutting portion; 623. Sliding space; 63. Telescopic member; 631. Cavity; 632. Grouting hole; 633. Oblique thorn structure; 7. Driving assembly; 71. Driving rod; 72. First driving block; 73. Second driving block; 8. Connecting member; 9. Gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment discloses a self-locking anchor structure with expanded holes for supporting slope 1. After a straight hole 11 is opened on slope 1 to match the anchor structure, a hole 12 is expanded at the bottom of straight hole 11. The anchor structure is then inserted into straight hole 11. After the anchor structure is adjusted and positioned on slope 1, concrete is poured into straight hole 11. After the concrete solidifies, the anchor structure can provide support for the stability of slope 1. This embodiment uses a single anchor structure as an example for illustration and demonstration. In actual applications, a large number of anchor structures are required to support slope 1.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The anchoring structure includes an anchor rod 2, a pad 3, an anchor nut 4, a hole expansion component 5, several self-locking components 6 and a driving component 7.

[0051] The anchor rod 2 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure. The interior of the anchor rod 2 is hollow and the shape of the hollow space is also cylindrical. The axis of the interior space of the anchor rod 2 coincides with the axis of the anchor rod 2. The surface of the anchor rod 2 has a corrugated thread. The anchor nut 4 can be mounted on the anchor rod 2 and engage with the thread of the anchor rod 2.

[0052] The backing plate 3 is a flat plate structure. The cross-section of the backing plate 3 is larger than the opening of the straight hole 11. A through-hole is provided at the center of the backing plate 3 for the anchor rod 2 to pass through. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the backing plate 3 is preferably circular. In other embodiments, the cross-section of the backing plate 3 may also be square.

[0053] After one end of the anchor rod 2 is passed through the straight hole 11 along the opening direction of the straight hole 11, the other end of the anchor rod 2 passes through the straight hole 11 and is located outside the straight hole 11, and the pad 3 is sleeved on the end of the anchor rod 2 passing through the straight hole 11 and placed on the slope 1, so that the surface of the pad 3 fits and abuts against the surface of the slope 1; then the anchor nut 4 is threadedly engaged with the anchor rod 2, and the anchor nut 4 is rotated to screw it in the direction close to the pad 3 until the anchor nut 4 applies a force on the pad 3 in the direction close to the straight hole 11 so that it abuts against the surface of the slope 1. At this time, the anchoring structure is fixed relative to the slope 1.

[0054] The reaming assembly 5 is fixedly mounted on one end of the anchor rod 2, and a plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 are fixedly mounted in the middle of the anchor rod 2, and the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 are evenly spaced along the length of the anchor rod 2. After one end of the anchor rod 2 is inserted into the straight hole 11 and fixed relative to the slope 1, the reaming assembly 5 is adapted to the bottom of the straight hole 11, and the reaming hole 12 is now located around the reaming assembly 5; the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 are all located in the straight hole 11, and a distance exists between the self-locking assembly 6 and the wall of the straight hole 11. The driving assembly 7 is inserted into the space inside the anchor rod 2 to complete the installation. The driving assembly 7 is controlled to control the reaming assembly 5 and the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6, so that the reaming assembly 5 cooperates with the reaming hole 12, and the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 are self-locked with the soil layer of the slope 1 around themselves.

[0055] The reaming assembly 5 includes a first barrel 51 and a plurality of reaming members 52. In this embodiment, the reaming assembly 5 preferably includes a total of four reaming members 52. In other embodiments, the number of reaming members 52 may be more or less. The first barrel 51 is a cylindrical structure with one end open, and the radial dimension of the first barrel 51 is compatible with the radial dimension of the straight hole 11. The open end of the first barrel 51 is fixedly connected to one end of the anchor rod 2, and the internal space of the first barrel 51 is connected to the internal space of the anchor rod 2, and the axes of the two coincide. The four reaming members 52 are distributed in a circular array on the first barrel 51 along the axis of the first barrel 51. The reaming members 52 are movably connected to the first barrel 51 and can enter and exit the space inside the first barrel 51 and the space of the reaming hole 12.

[0056] The self-locking assembly 6 includes a second cylinder 61 and a plurality of self-locking parts 62. In this embodiment, the corresponding preferred self-locking assembly 6 includes a total of four self-locking parts 62. In other embodiments, the number of self-locking parts 62 may be more or less. The second cylinder 61 is a cylindrical structure with both ends open. The radial dimension of the second cylinder 61 is smaller than the radial dimension of the through hole. The two open ends of the second cylinder 61 are fixedly connected to the anchor rod 2, that is, the anchor rod 2 is divided into several sections by the plurality of second cylinders 61. The internal space of the second cylinder 61 is connected to the internal space of the anchor rod 2, and the axes of the two coincide. The four self-locking parts 62 are distributed in a circular array on the second cylinder 61 along the axis of the second cylinder 61. The self-locking parts 62 are movably connected to the second cylinder 61 and can enter and exit the space inside the second cylinder 61 and the space of the straight hole 11 around the second cylinder 61.

[0057] The driving assembly 7 includes a driving rod 71, a first driving block 72 and a second driving block 73. Among them, the driving rod 71 is a cylindrical rod-shaped structure as a whole, and the radial dimension of the driving rod 71 is smaller than the radial dimension of the internal space of the anchor rod 2; one end of the driving rod 71 in the length direction penetrates into the internal space of the anchor rod 2 and forms a connection with the first cylinder 51, and the driving rod 71 is movably connected to the first cylinder 51 and can be detachably connected; the other end of the driving rod 71 in the length direction will pass through the internal space of the anchor rod 2 and be exposed to the outside, so that the construction personnel can control it. In this embodiment, it is preferred that the driving rod 71 is movably connected to the first cylinder 51 in a rotating connection, and the rotation axis of the driving rod 71 coincides with its own axis and the axis of the anchor rod 2. In other embodiments, the driving rod 71 can also be directly plugged into and matched with the anchor rod 2, that is, the driving rod 71 can slide relative to the anchor rod 2.

[0058] The first and second drive blocks 72, 73 are both sleeved onto the drive rod 71 and threadedly engaged with the drive rod 71. The first and second drive blocks 72, 73 are slidably connected to the anchor rod 2, the first barrel 51, and the second barrel 61. The sliding directions of the first and second drive blocks 72, 73 are parallel to the axis of the anchor rod 2. When the drive rod 71 penetrates the space within the anchor rod 2, the first and second drive blocks 72, 73 are both located within the space within the first barrel 51, with the first drive block 72 located on the side of the second drive block 73 closest to the opening of the straight hole 11. At this point, controlling the drive rod 71 to rotate in a certain direction relative to the first barrel 51 will cause the first and second drive blocks 72, 73 to slide synchronously toward the opening of the straight hole 11. In this embodiment, a worker can control the rotation of the drive rod 71 by clamping the exposed end of the drive rod 71 with a tool such as a pipe wrench.

[0059] Back to Figure 1 and Figure 2 During the movement of the first driving block 72, it will successively contact the four expanding members 52 and the four self-locking members 62 on different self-locking components 6, and drive the four expanding members 52 to move outward and the four self-locking members 62 on different self-locking components 6 to move outward; during the movement of the second driving block 73, it will first position the four expanding members 52, and then drive the four self-locking members 62 on different self-locking components 6 to form self-locking with the soil layer of the surrounding side slope 1.

[0060] Furthermore, preferably, a connecting member 8 is fixedly mounted inside the first barrel 51 to form both a rotational connection and a detachable connection between the connecting member 8 and the drive rod 71. The connecting member 8 is rotationally connected to the first barrel 51, and the rotation axis of the connecting member 8 coincides with the axis of the first barrel 51. The connecting member 8 can only rotate in a certain direction relative to the first barrel 51. Preferably, a ratchet structure is used between the connecting member 8 and the first barrel 51 to achieve the above-mentioned function. In this embodiment, since the ratchet structure is a common prior art, it will not be described in detail here, and the relevant structure will be omitted in the drawings.

[0061] The end of the driving rod 71 is threadedly engaged with the connecting member 8, and the direction of the threaded engagement between the driving rod 71 and the connecting member 8 is opposite to the direction in which the connecting member 8 can rotate relative to the first barrel 51. When the driving rod 71 is controlled to rotate to drive the connecting member 8 to rotate relative to the first barrel 51, the rotation of the driving rod 71 drives the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 to slide in a direction closer to the opening of the straight hole 11.

[0062] Furthermore, it is preferred that the first drive block 72 and the second drive block 73 are fixedly connected to facilitate synchronous sliding of the two, thereby ensuring that the distance between the two remains equal during the sliding process, and further facilitating the two to trigger the reaming component 5 and several self-locking components 6 respectively.

[0063] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Furthermore, the reamer 52 is preferably rotatably connected to the first barrel 51, with the rotation axis of the reamer 52 located at one end of the reamer 52 and parallel to the axis of the first barrel 51. The first barrel 51 is provided with a plurality (four in this embodiment) of first clearance holes 511 adapted for the reamer 52. The reamer 52 is restricted in its rotation relative to the first barrel 51. When the reamer 52 rotates to its limit position toward the first barrel 51, the reamer 52 blocks the corresponding first clearance holes 511. When the reamer 52 rotates to its limit position away from the first barrel 51, the reamer 52 enters the space of the reamer 12, and a gap exists between the reamer 52 and the wall of the reamer 12.

[0064] The expansion member 52 has a first abutment portion 521 on the side close to the first cylinder 51. When the expansion member 52 blocks the corresponding first clearance hole 511, the first abutment portion 521 is located in the space inside the first cylinder 51; during the process of the first driving block 72 sliding toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole 11, the first driving block 72 will abut against the first abutment portions 521 of the four expansion members 52 and push the four expansion members 52 to rotate outward to the extreme position.

[0065] Furthermore, in order to reduce the wear on the first driving block 72 and the reaming member 52 caused by the first driving block 72 driving the reaming member 52 to rotate, in this embodiment, it is preferred that the first driving block 72 is a sleeve-shaped structure as a whole, and the end of the first driving block 72 used to abut against the first abutting portion 521 has a matching chamfer.

[0066] Furthermore, it is preferred that the reamer 52 has an overall arc-shaped structure. When the reamer 52 blocks the corresponding first clearance hole 511, the outer surface of the reamer 52 is flush with the outer surface of the first cylinder 51, making it easier for the reamer assembly 5 to penetrate the bottom of the straight hole 11. In addition, when the reamer 52 is rotated outward to its extreme position and concrete needs to be poured, the concrete is injected into the space inside the anchor rod 2 and then moves to the space inside the first cylinder 51. The concrete will flow out from the four first clearance holes 511. The arc-shaped structure of the reamer 52 can guide the direction of concrete outflow, so that the concrete first fills the space on the side of the reamer 52 close to the anchor rod 2 and then fills the remaining space. This reduces the probability that the concrete will exert force on the reamer 52 when the concrete first fills the space on the side away from the anchor rod 2, causing it to move, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the reamer assembly 5.

[0067] Furthermore, the reamer 52 preferably has an overall wedge-shaped structure, with a wedge-shaped surface 522 formed on the end of the reamer 52 closest to the opening of the straight hole 11. Preferably, the wedge-shaped surface 522 is inclined. With the axis of the anchor rod 2 as a vertical reference, when the reamer 52 is rotated to its limit position away from the anchor rod 2, the end of the wedge-shaped surface 522 closest to the anchor rod 2 forms a sloped lower end. After concrete is poured, the wedge-shaped structure of the reamer 52 increases the resistance to displacement of the reamer 52 after being pulled out, thereby improving the overall pullout resistance of the reamer assembly 5.

[0068] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 Furthermore, the reaming assembly 5 further includes a plurality of positioning members 53, each corresponding to each of the reaming members 52. Therefore, in this embodiment, the reaming assembly 5 preferably includes four positioning members 53. The positioning members 53 are slidably connected to the corresponding reaming members 52, and the sliding direction of the positioning members 53 is parallel to the rotation axis of the reaming member 52. The positioning members 53 are located inside the reaming member 52 and near the end where the rotation axis of the reaming member 52 is located. The positioning members 53 can enter and exit the reaming member 52 during the sliding process.

[0069] The first cylinder 51 is provided with positioning grooves 512 for inserting the positioning member 53 on the hole walls of the four first clearance holes 511. When the hole expansion member 52 blocks the corresponding first clearance hole 511, the positioning member 53 and the corresponding positioning groove 512 are misaligned along their own sliding direction; when the hole expansion member 52 rotates to the extreme position in the direction away from the anchor rod 2, the positioning member 53 and the corresponding positioning groove 512 are aligned along their own sliding direction.

[0070] The second drive block 73 preferably has a plurality of rack structures on its outer side, and these rack structures correspond one-to-one with the plurality of positioning members 53. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second drive block 73 has a total of four rack structures on its outer side. The positioning members 53 preferably also have rack structures. When the hole-expanding member 52 blocks the corresponding first clearance hole 511, the positioning member 53 is concealed in the corresponding first clearance hole 511. When the hole-expanding member 52 rotates to its extreme position away from the anchor rod 2, the second drive block 73 slides past the positioning member 53, driving it to slide and engage with the positioning groove 512.

[0071] In this embodiment, the reaming member 52 is preferably further rotatably connected to a gear 9 for transmission, and the gear 9 meshes with the corresponding rack structure on the positioning member 53, and the rack structure on the second driving block 73 can also mesh with the gear 9. When the reaming member 52 rotates to the extreme position in the direction away from the anchor rod 2, the second driving block 73 slides past the reaming member 52, and the corresponding rack structure on the second driving block 73 drives the positioning member 53 to slide via the gear 9. When the corresponding rack structure on the second driving block 73 disengages from the gear 9, the positioning member 53 is precisely plugged into and fitted with the corresponding positioning groove 512.

[0072] Therefore, in this embodiment, the positioning groove 512 is located on the side of the corresponding first clearance hole 511 away from the self-locking component 6, that is, the positioning member 53 can enter and exit the end of the reaming member 52 away from the self-locking component 6 during the sliding process relative to the reaming member 52.

[0073] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Furthermore, it is preferred that the self-locking member 62 is rotatably connected to the second cylinder 61, the rotation axis of the self-locking member 62 is perpendicular to the axis of the anchor rod 2, and the rotation axes of the four self-locking members 62 are located in the same plane.

[0074] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5The two ends of the self-locking member 62 are respectively a self-locking portion 621 and a second abutting portion 622. Four second clearance holes 611 adapted to the second abutting portions 622 are provided on the second cylinder 61. The self-locking member 62 is limited in its rotation relative to the second cylinder 61. When the self-locking member 62 rotates to the extreme position in the direction of approaching the second cylinder 61, the self-locking portion 621 abuts against the outer side surface of the second cylinder 61. Its extension direction is in the direction away from the reaming assembly 5 and its length direction is parallel to the axis of the second cylinder 61. The second abutting portion 622 passes through the second clearance hole 611 and is located inside the second cylinder 61. When the self-locking member 62 rotates to the extreme position in the direction away from the second cylinder 61, the self-locking portion 621 is inclined relative to the axis of the second cylinder 61, and the end of the self-locking portion 621 is close to the hole wall of the straight hole 11, and the second abutting portion 622 is located in the second clearance hole 611.

[0075] When the self-locking portion 621 abuts against the outer side surface of the second cylinder 61, the first driving block 72 slides past the self-locking member 62 toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole 11, and the first driving block 72 will abut against the second abutting portion 622 and drive the self-locking member 62 to rotate relative to the second cylinder 61 until the second abutting portion 622 is located in the second clearance hole 611.

[0076] Reference Figure 5 Furthermore, the self-locking assembly 6 further includes a plurality of telescopic members 63, each corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of self-locking members 62. Therefore, in this embodiment, the self-locking assembly 6 includes a total of four telescopic members 63. The telescopic members 63 are slidably connected to the self-locking portion 621, and the sliding direction of the telescopic members 63 is parallel to the length of the self-locking portion 621. When the second abutment portion 622 is located in the second clearance hole 611, the telescopic member 63 can slide away from the rotation axis of the self-locking member 62, allowing its end to penetrate the soil layer of the slope 1.

[0077] Preferably, the telescopic member 63 has a rack structure, and the self-locking member 62 is rotatably connected to a plurality of gears 9, which mesh in sequence, with one gear 9 meshing with the rack structure on the telescopic member 63. When the self-locking portion 621 abuts against the outer side surface of the second cylinder 61, one gear 9 is hidden in the second clearance hole 611; when the second abutting portion 622 is located in the second clearance hole 611, the gear 9 is located in the space inside the second cylinder 61, and when the second driving block 73 slides past the self-locking member 62 in a direction close to the opening of the straight hole 11, the rack structure on the second driving block 73 can mesh with the gear 9 located in the space inside the second cylinder 61, thereby driving the telescopic member 63 to slide in a direction away from the rotation axis of the self-locking member 62; when the second driving block 73 slides until its rack structure just disengages from the gear 9, the end of the telescopic member 63 penetrates into the soil layer of the slope 1.

[0078] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5Furthermore, it is preferred that the telescopic member 63 is a hollow tubular structure, that is, the telescopic member 63 has a cavity 631 with openings at both ends, which facilitates the telescopic member 63 to penetrate into the soil layer of the slope 1 and can reduce the damage to the soil layer of the slope 1 caused by the telescopic member 63 penetrating into the soil layer of the slope 1.

[0079] Furthermore, the self-locking member 62 preferably defines a sliding space 623 within the self-locking portion 621 for the telescopic member 63 to slidably connect. When the second abutting portion 622 is located in the second clearance hole 611, the two ends of the sliding space 623 communicate with the space inside the second cylinder 61 and the space in the peripheral straight hole 11 of the second cylinder 61, respectively, and the cavity 631 communicates with the sliding space 623. At this point, if concrete is poured, after entering the space inside the second cylinder 61, the concrete will not only flow out through the second clearance hole 611 but will also be injected into the soil layer of the slope 1 through the sliding space 623 and cavity 631, thereby improving the relative stability between the anchor structure and the soil layer of the slope 1 after the concrete is poured.

[0080] Furthermore, the end of the telescopic member 63, which is away from the rotation axis of the self-locking member 62, preferably has an oblique thorn structure 633. That is, the end of the telescopic member 63 has an inclined surface. When the self-locking portion 621 abuts the outer side of the second cylinder 61, the end of the telescopic member 63 closer to the second cylinder 61 is the inclined upper end, with the axis of the second cylinder 61 as the vertical reference. As the telescopic member 63 penetrates the soil layer of the slope 1, the oblique thorn structure 633 of the telescopic member 63 can further reduce damage to the soil layer of the slope 1.

[0081] Furthermore, preferably, one end of the telescopic member 63, near the oblique spike structure 633, is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 632 for concrete to seep out. The grouting holes 632 extend through the telescopic member 63 and communicate with the cavity 631. When the telescopic member 63 penetrates the soil layer of the slope 1, during the concrete pouring process, the concrete will enter the cavity 631 and then flow out through the grouting holes 632. Some of the concrete will flow directly into the space around the second cylinder 61, making the pouring process of concrete filling the straight hole 11 more uniform and rapid; the remaining concrete will be injected into the soil layer of the slope 1, making the concrete injected into the soil layer of the slope 1 more evenly distributed, thereby improving the connection strength formed by the concrete between the anchor rod 2 structure and the soil layer of the slope 1 after the concrete solidifies.

[0082] The implementation principle of a hole-expanding self-locking anchoring structure in the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0083] After the anchoring structure is inserted into the straight hole 11, the control driving rod 71 is rotated to drive the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 to slide, so that the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 trigger the hole expansion assembly 5 and the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 in turn, so that the hole expansion assembly 5 is adapted to the expansion hole 12, and the plurality of self-locking assemblies 6 are self-locked with the soil layer of the slope 1, thereby improving the overall pull-out resistance of the anchoring structure, and then improving the position stability of the anchoring structure on the slope 1, facilitating the subsequent concrete pouring, and being able to improve the effect of the subsequent concrete pouring, thereby further improving the support effect of the anchoring structure on the slope 1.

[0084] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present application also discloses a construction method for supporting a slope 1, based on the above-mentioned hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0085] S1. Excavate a straight hole 11 on the slope 1.

[0086] A drilling tool is used to drill straight holes 11 of a required size on the slope 1 , and the soil in the straight holes 11 is removed. A plurality of straight holes 11 are arranged on the slope surface of the slope 1 in a certain pattern (such as a rectangular array).

[0087] S2, expanding the hole 12 at the bottom of the straight hole 11.

[0088] A hole enlarging tool is used to enlarge the bottom of the straight hole 11 , and soil generated during the enlarging process is removed.

[0089] S3. Insert the anchoring structure into the straight hole 11 and fix it in position on the slope 1.

[0090] The anchoring structure is passed through the straight hole 11, so that the reaming assembly 5 is located at the bottom of the straight hole 11 and is surrounded by the reaming hole 12, and the self-locking assemblies 6 are all located in the straight hole 11, and the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 of the driving assembly 7 are both located in the space inside the first cylinder 51; then the pad 3 is sleeved on the anchor rod 2 and placed on the slope 1, and then the pad 3 is pressed against the slope surface of the slope 1 by screwing in the anchor rod nut 4, so that the anchoring structure is fixed in position on the slope 1.

[0091] S4. Control the driving rod 71 to drive the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 to move toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole 11, so that the plurality of reaming members 52 move into the reaming hole 12 and are positioned, and the plurality of self-locking members 62 move and penetrate into the slope 1 to form self-locking.

[0092] The control driving rod 71 rotates in a certain direction, driving the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 to slide synchronously in the direction close to the opening of the straight hole 11. The first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 successively drive the plurality of reaming parts 52 to rotate into the reaming hole 12 and fix the position of the reaming parts 52. The first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 successively drive the plurality of self-locking parts 62 to rotate into the space around the second cylinder 61 and drive the plurality of telescopic parts 63 to slide into the soil layer of the slope 1.

[0093] S5. Disassemble the driving rod 71 and the first cylinder 51 and take out the driving assembly 7.

[0094] The driving rod 71 is controlled to rotate in the other direction to separate the driving rod 71 from the first cylinder 51 , and then the driving rod 71 together with the first driving block 72 and the second driving block 73 are taken out from the space inside the anchor rod 2 .

[0095] S6. Pour concrete into the inner space of the anchor rod 2 through one end of the anchor rod 2 outside the straight hole 11, so that the concrete fills the remaining space in the straight hole 11, and then wait for the concrete to solidify.

[0096] Concrete is poured through the end of the anchor rod 2 located outside the straight hole 11. After the concrete enters the internal space of the anchor rod 2, the concrete that enters the internal space of the first cylinder 51 will flow out from the several first makeshift holes 511 to the soil layer around the first cylinder 51 and fill the space of the expanded hole 12; the concrete that enters the internal space of the second cylinder 61 will flow out from the several second makeshift holes 611 to fill the remaining space of the straight hole 11 and be injected into the soil layer of the slope 1 through the telescopic member 63; the concrete is poured until the concrete fills the entire straight hole 11 space, and then the concrete is allowed to solidify.

[0097] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure, characterized in that: It comprises an anchor rod (2), a pad (3), an anchor nut (4), a hole expansion assembly (5), a plurality of self-locking assemblies (6) and a driving assembly (7); one end of the anchor rod (2) is inserted into a straight hole (11), the other end of the anchor rod (2) is located outside the straight hole (11), the pad (3) is sleeved on the anchor rod (2) and abuts against the slope (1), and the pad (3) covers the opening of the straight hole (11), the anchor nut (4) is threadedly matched with the anchor rod (2) and drives the pad (3) to press against the slope (1); The reaming assembly (5) is arranged at one end of the anchor rod (2) passing through the straight hole (11), and the reaming assembly (5) comprises a first cylinder (51) and a plurality of reaming members (52), wherein the first cylinder (51) is located at the bottom of the straight hole (11) and is adapted to the straight hole (11), and the reaming members (52) are movably connected to the first cylinder (51); The plurality of self-locking components (6) are all arranged at the portion of the anchor rod (2) located in the straight hole (11), and the self-locking components (6) include a second cylinder (61) and a plurality of self-locking parts (62), and the self-locking parts (62) are movably connected to the second cylinder (61); The driving assembly (7) includes a driving rod (71), a first driving block (72) and a second driving block (73), wherein the driving rod (71) is arranged inside the anchor rod (2), one end of the driving rod (71) is movably connected and detachably connected to the first cylinder (51), and the other end of the driving rod (71) passes through the portion of the anchor rod (2) located outside the straight hole (11); the first driving block (72) and the second driving block (73) are both arranged on the driving rod (71) and located inside the anchor rod (2), and the second driving block (73) is arranged on the driving rod (71) and located inside the anchor rod (2), and the second driving block (73) is arranged on the driving rod (71) and located inside the anchor rod (2). The block (73) is located on a side of the first driving block (72) away from the reaming assembly (5); the anchor rod (2) moves relative to the first cylinder (51) to drive the first driving block (72) and the second driving block (73) to move, the first driving block (72) moves to drive the plurality of reaming members (52) and the plurality of self-locking members (62) to move in a direction away from the driving rod (71), and the second driving block (73) moves to drive the plurality of reaming members (52) to position and drive the plurality of self-locking members (62) to self-lock with the slope (1); The self-locking assembly (6) further comprises a plurality of telescopic members (63), and the plurality of telescopic members (63) correspond to the plurality of self-locking members (62) one by one; the self-locking member (62) is rotatably connected to the second cylinder (61), and the rotation axis of the self-locking member (62) is perpendicular to the length direction of the anchor rod (2); the second cylinder (61) is provided with a plurality of second clearance holes (611) adapted to the self-locking member (62), and the self-locking member (62) rotates in and out of the second clearance holes (611). 11); the telescopic member (63) is slidably connected to the self-locking member (62), and the sliding direction of the telescopic member (63) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the self-locking member (62); when the first driving block (72) moves toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole (11), the first driving block (72) pushes the plurality of self-locking members (62) to rotate outward, and the second driving block (73) moves to drive the telescopic member (63) to slide in the direction away from the anchor rod (2) and penetrate into the slope (1).

2. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaming member (52) is rotatably connected to the first cylinder (51), and the rotation axis of the reaming member (52) is parallel to the length direction of the anchor rod (2). When the first driving block (72) moves toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole (11), the first driving block (72) pushes the plurality of reaming members (52) to rotate outward; the first cylinder (51) is provided with a plurality of first clearance holes (511) adapted to the reaming members (52). When the reaming member (52) rotates to the extreme position toward the direction close to the anchor rod (2), the reaming member (52) blocks the corresponding first clearance holes (511).

3. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reamer (52) is an arc-shaped structure as a whole, the arc-shaped trajectory of the reamer (52) is perpendicular to its rotation axis, and one end of the reamer (52) close to the anchor rod (2) is concave.

4. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reamer (52) is a wedge-shaped structure as a whole, and the end of the reamer (52) close to the opening of the straight hole (11) has a wedge-shaped surface (522); after the reamer (52) is rotated outward, the end of the wedge-shaped surface (522) close to the anchor rod (2) is an inclined lower end with the axis of the anchor rod (2) as a reference.

5. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaming assembly (5) further includes a plurality of positioning members (53), the plurality of positioning members (53) corresponding to the plurality of reaming members (52) one by one, the positioning members (53) being slidably connected to the reaming members (52), the sliding direction of the positioning members (53) being parallel to the rotation axis of the reaming members (52), the first cylinder (51) being provided with positioning grooves (512) on the hole walls of the plurality of first clearance holes (511); after the first driving block (72) movably drives the reaming member (52) to rotate, the positioning member (53) is aligned with the positioning groove (512); and the second driving block (73) movably drives the positioning member (53) to slide and engage with the positioning groove (512).

6. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic member (63) has a cavity (631) inside, and the cavity (631) passes through both ends of the telescopic member (63) along the sliding direction of the telescopic member (63).

7. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interior of the self-locking member (62) comprises a sliding space (623) for the telescopic member (63) to slide, the sliding space (623) passing through both ends of the self-locking member (62), the cavity (631) communicating with the sliding space (623), and the end of the sliding space (623) close to the anchor rod (2) communicating with the space inside the anchor rod (2).

8. The hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic member (63) has an oblique thorn structure (633) at one end away from the anchor rod (2), and a plurality of grouting holes (632) are provided on the telescopic member (63), and the two ends of the grouting holes (632) are respectively in communication with the cavity (631) and the space around the telescopic member (63).

9. A construction method for supporting a slope, characterized in that: The specific steps of implementing the hole-enlarging self-locking anchoring structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 are as follows: Excavating a straight hole (11) on the slope (1); A reamer (12) is formed at the bottom of the straight hole (11); Inserting the anchoring structure into the straight hole (11) and fixing it in position on the slope (1); Controlling the driving rod (71) to drive the first driving block (72) and the second driving block (73) to move toward the direction close to the opening of the straight hole (11), so that the plurality of hole-expanding members (52) move into the hole-expanding member (12) and are positioned, and the plurality of self-locking members (62) move and penetrate into the slope (1) to form self-locking; Disassemble the driving rod (71) and the first cylinder (51), and remove the driving assembly (7); Concrete is poured into the internal space of the anchor rod (2) through one end of the anchor rod (2) located outside the straight hole (11), so that the concrete fills the remaining space in the straight hole (11), and then the concrete is allowed to solidify.

Images