A supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expansion system

Abstract

The present application relates to supercritical carbon dioxide power system technical field, provide a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system, including supercritical carbon dioxide heater, supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, turbine import regulating valve, turbine propulsion motor, multiple densitometers, multiple pressure sensors, data processing unit.Each density meter and pressure sensor are inserted in supercritical carbon dioxide heater working medium passage, and there is measuring end directly contacted with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.Data processing unit receives the signal transmitted by multiple density meters and pressure sensors through cable, accurately predicts the flow and heat transfer performance of supercritical carbon dioxide heater according to the preset supercritical carbon dioxide property table, and sends speed control signal to turbine propulsion motor according to the prediction result, and sends opening control signal to turbine import regulating valve, significantly improves the system stability and thermal cycle efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of supercritical carbon dioxide power systems, and particularly relates to a supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expanding system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Supercritical carbon dioxide is very suitable for being used as a heat exchange working medium of a compact heater due to the characteristics of high density viscosity ratio. However, the thermal physical property of supercritical carbon dioxide changes rapidly under different thermal physical parameter conditions, and the disturbance caused by the structure mutation in the heater can lead to unstable working performance of the heater and a turbine. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately master the thermal physical property of the working medium in the heater and to formulate a stable and efficient control strategy of the supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expanding system. SUMMARY

[0003] (I) Technical problem to be solved

[0004] The application provides a supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expanding system, which is used to solve the problem that the thermal physical property of supercritical carbon dioxide changes rapidly under different thermal physical parameter conditions, and the disturbance caused by the structure mutation in the heater can lead to unstable working performance of the heater and a turbine, and achieves the purpose of improving the stability and thermal cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expanding system.

[0005] (II) Technical scheme

[0006] The supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expanding system comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide heater, a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, a turbine inlet regulating valve, a turbine propulsion motor, a flow meter, a density meter, a pressure sensor and a data processing unit.

[0007] The supercritical carbon dioxide heater is provided with a heat source channel and a working medium channel;

[0008] The rotating shaft of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is connected with the motor shaft of the turbine propulsion motor through a shaft coupling, and the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is the same as that of the turbine propulsion motor;

[0009] The flow meter is installed between the working medium channel outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater and the turbine inlet regulating valve, and is connected with the outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater and the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve through pipelines respectively, and is provided with a cable end for outputting measurement data;

[0010] The number of the density meters and the pressure sensors is greater than or equal to 2, each density meter and each pressure sensor is inserted into the working medium channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater, and each density meter and each pressure sensor is provided with a measurement end and a cable end;

[0011] The data processing unit is provided with a preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program, a turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table. After receiving the supercritical carbon dioxide density data transmitted by the densimeter and the supercritical carbon dioxide pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the data processing unit calculates the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working medium channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater, sends an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve and sends a rotating speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor;

[0012] The data processing unit is provided with a data acquisition end connected to the cable end of the densimeter and the cable end of the pressure sensor through cables and a signal output end connected to the terminal of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the terminal of the turbine propulsion motor through cables;

[0013] The medium flowing in the heat source channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater is a high-temperature fluid, and the medium flowing in the working medium channel is supercritical carbon dioxide. The outlet of the working medium channel is connected to the inlet of the flowmeter through a pipeline.

[0014] The measuring end of each densimeter and pressure sensor is in direct contact with the medium flowing in the working medium channel, and the cable end is connected to the data processing unit through a cable.

[0015] The thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working medium channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater change with the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve.

[0016] The preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table of the data processing unit describes the relationship between the parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, such as density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The values of all the parameters can be obtained according to the values of any two parameters among the parameters of density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity.

[0017] The preset supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program of the data processing unit can calculate the values of the parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid at the outlet of the working medium channel, such as velocity, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity, according to the thermophysical parameters of the high-temperature fluid and the numerical values of the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters at the outlet of the working medium channel, such as fluid flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity.

[0018] The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table preset by the data processing unit describes the relationship between the rotational speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, the efficiency and the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working medium channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, such as the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine can be obtained according to the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and the rotational speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine. When the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine are constant, the rotational speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table. When the rotational speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is constant, the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table.

[0019] The turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table preset by the data processing unit describes the relationship between the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve, such as the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve can be obtained according to the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve. When the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve are constant, the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve corresponding to the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine can be calculated according to the turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table.

[0020] The opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve is controlled by the opening control signal output by the signal output end of the data processing unit, and the rotational speed of the turbine propulsion motor is controlled by the rotational speed control signal output by the signal output end of the data processing unit.

[0021] (Three) Technical effects

[0022] The data processing unit receives signals transmitted by the plurality of densimeters and pressure sensors through cables, accurately predicts the flow and heat transfer performance of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater according to the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table and supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat transfer calculation program, and sends a rotational speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor and an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve according to the prediction result, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine operates at the optimal efficiency operating point, thereby improving the system stability and thermal cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expansion system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] In the figure: 1-supercritical carbon dioxide heater, 2-supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, 3-turbine inlet regulating valve, 4-turbine propulsion motor, 5-flow meter, 61-first density meter, 62-second density meter, 71-first pressure sensor, 72-second pressure sensor, 8-data processing unit, 9-coupling, 11-heat source channel, 12-working medium channel, 31-turbine inlet regulating valve terminal, 42-turbine propulsion motor terminal, 51-flow meter cable end, 611-first density meter measurement end, 612-first density meter cable end, 621-second density meter measurement end, 622-second density meter cable end, 711-first pressure sensor measurement end, 712-first pressure sensor cable end, 721-second pressure sensor measurement end, 722-second pressure sensor cable end, 811-first data acquisition end, 812-second data acquisition end, 813-third data acquisition end, 814-fourth data acquisition end, 815-fifth data acquisition end.

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the data processing unit provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "thermophysical property", "pipe", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, the "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The following will be described in detail Figure 1 The supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1, a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2, a turbine inlet regulating valve 3, a turbine propulsion motor 4, a flow meter 5, a first density meter 61, a second density meter 62, a first pressure sensor 71, a second pressure sensor 72, and a data processing unit 8.

[0030] The supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1 is provided with a heat source channel 11 and a working medium channel 12;

[0031] The inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 is connected with the outlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 through a pipe;

[0032] The rotating shaft 21 of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 is connected with the motor shaft 41 of the turbine propulsion motor 4 through a coupling 9, and the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 21 of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 is the same as that of the motor shaft 41 of the turbine propulsion motor 4;

[0033] The flow meter 5 is installed between the outlet of the working medium channel 12 of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1 and the turbine inlet regulating valve 3, and is connected with the outlet of the working medium channel 12 of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1 and the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 through a pipe;

[0034] The first density meter 61, the second density meter 62, the first pressure sensor 71, and the second pressure sensor 72 are all inserted on the working medium channel 12 of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1, the first density meter 61 is provided with a first density meter measuring end 611 and a first density meter cable end 612, the second density meter 62 is provided with a second density meter measuring end 621 and a second density meter cable end 622, the first pressure sensor 71 is provided with a first pressure sensor measuring end 711 and a first pressure sensor cable end 712, and the second pressure sensor 72 is provided with a second pressure sensor measuring end 721 and a second pressure sensor cable end 722;

[0035] The first data acquisition end 811 of the data processing unit 8 is connected with the cable end 612 of the densimeter 61 through a cable, the second data acquisition end 812 is connected with the cable end 622 of the densimeter 62 through a cable, the third data acquisition end 813 is connected with the cable end 712 of the pressure sensor 71 through a cable, the fourth data acquisition end 814 is connected with the cable end 722 of the pressure sensor 72 through a cable, and the fifth data acquisition end 815 is connected with the flowmeter cable end 51 through a cable;

[0036] The first signal output end 821 of the data processing unit 8 is connected with the turbine inlet regulating valve wiring terminal 31 through a cable, and outputs an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 for controlling the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3. The second signal output end 822 is connected with the turbine propulsion motor wiring terminal 42 through a cable, and outputs a rotating speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor 4 for controlling the rotating speed of the turbine propulsion motor 4.

[0037] The data processing unit 8 is provided with a supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table. After receiving the supercritical carbon dioxide density data transmitted by the first densimeter 61 and the second densimeter 62 and the supercritical carbon dioxide pressure data transmitted by the first pressure sensor 71 and the second pressure sensor 72, the data processing unit 8 calculates the thermophysical parameters of the working medium at the outlet of the working medium channel 12 of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1, sends an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve 3, and sends a rotating speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor;

[0038] The medium flowing in the heat source channel 11 of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater 1 is a high-temperature fluid, and the medium flowing in the working medium channel 12 is supercritical carbon dioxide. The outlet of the working medium channel 12 is connected with the inlet of the flowmeter 5 through a pipeline.

[0039] The first densimeter measurement end 611, the second densimeter measurement end 621, the first pressure sensor measurement end 711 and the second pressure sensor measurement end 721 are in direct contact with the supercritical carbon dioxide flowing in the working medium channel 12.

[0040] The thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working medium channel 12 change with the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3. The thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working medium channel 12 are different when the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 is different. The specific relationship between the opening and the thermophysical parameters is determined by the characteristic table of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3.

[0041] In combination with Figure 2 , the working process of the data processing unit 8 is described, which includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: receiving the supercritical carbon dioxide density and pressure measured by the densimeter 61, 62 and the pressure sensor 71, 72.

[0043] Specifically, the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table of the data processing unit 8 describes the relationship between the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and other parameters, and the values of any two parameters of the density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity can obtain the values of all parameters of the density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity;

[0044] Step S2: substituting the received density and pressure measurement values into the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table to obtain the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters in the working fluid channel 12.

[0045] Step S3: the preset supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat transfer calculation program reads the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters in the working fluid channel to calculate the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters at the outlet of the working fluid channel 12.

[0046] Specifically, the preset supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat transfer calculation program of the data processing unit 8 calculates the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid velocity, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and other parameters at the outlet of the working fluid channel 12 according to the thermophysical parameters of the high-temperature fluid;

[0047] Step S4: substituting the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters at the outlet of the working fluid channel 12 into the preset turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table to obtain the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 and the supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical parameters at the outlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3.

[0048] Specifically, the preset supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table of the data processing unit 8 describes the relationship between the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 speed, supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 inlet supercritical carbon dioxide flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity and other thermophysical parameters, and the efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 can be obtained according to the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide and the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2, when the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 are constant, the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the characteristic table of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2, and when the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 is constant, the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 corresponding to the optimal efficiency can be calculated according to the characteristic table of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2;

[0049] Step S5: send an opening degree control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve 3.

[0050] Step S6: input the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters at the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 outlet into the preset supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table to obtain the corresponding rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 optimal efficiency working condition point.

[0051] Step S7: send a rotating speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor 4.

[0052] Specifically, the data processing unit 8 preset turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table describes the relationship between the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 and the supercritical carbon dioxide flow rate, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 inlet, and the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters at the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 inlet and the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 can obtain the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters at the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 outlet, when the supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical parameters at the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 inlet are constant, the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 corresponding turbine inlet regulating valve 3 opening degree can be calculated according to the turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table;

[0053] For example, the data processing unit 8 receives signals transmitted by two density meters and two pressure sensors through cables, and according to the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermal physical property table, the supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat calculation program calculates the thermal physical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the working medium channel outlet as temperature 513.44℃, density 52.45kg / m 3 , specific heat 1.19kJ / kg·℃, specific enthalpy 1000.98kJ / kg, dynamic viscosity 3.51E-05Pa·s, thermal conductivity 0.06W / m·℃, and flow rate 8m / s, the signal output end 82 sends a control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve 3 to control the opening degree at 30°, and sends a control signal to the turbine propulsion motor 4 to control the rotating speed at 25000rpm, at this time, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine 2 is stably operated at the optimal efficiency working condition point, and the operating efficiency reaches 80%.

[0054] The supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system provided by the application receives the measurement signals transmitted by a plurality of density meters and pressure sensors through cables through the data processing unit, accurately predicts the flow and heat transfer performance of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater according to the preset supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table and supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat transfer calculation program, and sends a rotating speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor and an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve according to the prediction result, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine operates at an optimal efficiency operating point, and the system stability and thermal cycle efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide heating expansion system are improved.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A supercritical carbon dioxide heating and expansion system, comprising: The supercritical carbon dioxide heater, supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, turbine inlet regulating valve, turbine propulsion motor, flow meter, density meter, pressure sensor, data processing unit, characterized in that the supercritical carbon dioxide heater is provided with a heat source channel and a working medium channel. The supercritical carbon dioxide turbine inlet is connected to the turbine inlet regulating valve outlet through a pipeline. The turbine shaft of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the motor shaft of the turbine propulsion motor through a shaft coupling, and the rotational speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is the same as that of the turbine propulsion motor. The flow meter is installed between the working medium channel outlet and the turbine inlet regulating valve inlet, and is connected to the working medium channel outlet and the turbine inlet regulating valve inlet through a pipeline, respectively, and is provided with a cable end to output measurement data. The number of density meters and pressure sensors is greater than or equal to 2, each density meter and pressure sensor is inserted into the working medium channel of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater, and each density meter and pressure sensor is provided with a measurement end and a cable end. The data processing unit is pre-set with a supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table, a supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program, a turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table and a supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table, and after receiving the supercritical carbon dioxide density data transmitted by the density meter and the supercritical carbon dioxide pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the data processing unit calculates the thermophysical parameters of the working medium channel outlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide heater, sends an opening control signal to the turbine inlet regulating valve, and sends a rotational speed control signal to the turbine propulsion motor. The data processing unit is provided with a data acquisition end connected to the cable end of the density meter and the cable end of the pressure sensor through a cable, and is provided with a signal output end connected to the terminal of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the terminal of the turbine propulsion motor through a cable.

2. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 1, wherein, The heat source channel circulates high-temperature fluid, and the working medium channel circulates supercritical carbon dioxide, and the working medium channel outlet is connected to the flow meter inlet through a pipeline.

3. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 1, wherein, The measurement end is in direct contact with the working medium in the working medium channel, and the cable end is connected to the data processing unit through a cable.

4. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 1, wherein, The thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the working medium channel outlet and the turbine inlet regulating valve inlet change with the opening of the turbine inlet regulating valve.

5. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 1, wherein, The pre-set supercritical carbon dioxide thermophysical property table describes the relationship between the density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, and the values of density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity are obtained according to the values of any two parameters of density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity.

6. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 5, wherein, The preset supercritical carbon dioxide flow heat exchange calculation program obtains the numerical values of the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid velocity, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient at the outlet of the working fluid channel according to the thermophysical parameters of the high-temperature fluid and the numerical values of the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide, such as the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working fluid channel.

7. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 6, wherein, The preset supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table describes the relationship among the rotating speed, efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the working fluid channel, and the efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is obtained according to the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine and the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine, when the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is constant, the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine corresponding to the optimal efficiency are calculated according to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table, and when the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine are constant, the rotating speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine corresponding to the optimal efficiency is calculated according to the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine characteristic table.

8. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 7, wherein, The preset turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table describes the relationship among the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the flow, density, pressure, temperature, specific heat, specific enthalpy, dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity coefficient of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve, and the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve are obtained according to the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve and the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve, when the thermophysical parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the inlet of the turbine inlet regulating valve are constant, the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve corresponding to the optimal efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine is calculated according to the turbine inlet regulating valve characteristic table.

9. The supercritical carbon dioxide heating inflation system of claim 8, wherein, The opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve is controlled by the opening degree control signal output by the signal output end, and the rotating speed of the turbine driving motor is controlled by the rotating speed control signal output by the signal output end.

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