An instrument backup alarm system and method

Abstract

The application relates to an instrument backup alarm system and method, in particular to the technical field of automobile and parts manufacturing, which comprises a collection module used for collecting a loudspeaker state signal, an on-chip system state signal and a screen alarm state signal; an analysis module used for analyzing the working state of the loudspeaker according to the loudspeaker state signal; a judgment module used for judging the value of an abnormal factor and compensating and correcting the value of the abnormal factor, wherein the judgment module is provided with a judgment unit used for determining the value of the abnormal factor according to the working state of the loudspeaker, the judgment module is also provided with a compensation unit used for compensating the abnormal factor, and the judgment module is also provided with a correction unit used for correcting the compensation coefficient; and an alarm module used for controlling the working state of a backup alarm device. The application provides an instrument backup alarm system and method, which can play instrument alarm sound when the screen alarm fails or the on-chip system fails, so as to ensure driving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automobile and component manufacturing technology, and in particular to an instrument backup alarm system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of vehicle intelligence, vehicle instruments are playing an increasingly important role in the driving process. When there is a problem with the speakers or wiring connections, or when the screen alarm malfunctions, the instrument's built-in speaker needs to issue an alarm in a timely manner. The usual practice is to determine whether the screen alarm needs to be activated based on the parsing results of the information received by the MCU chip from the controller. This method can only analyze signals from the on-chip system, and it cannot guarantee that the instrument can issue an alarm in a timely manner when the screen alarm or the on-chip system malfunctions.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN114801990A discloses a method, system, electronic device, and vehicle for processing instrument alarm sounds. In the method, the Vehicle Service unit of the System-on-Chip (SoC) receives external vehicle messages in real time, and the Safety Monitor unit detects whether alarm sound playback is successful. If alarm sound playback fails, the microcontroller unit (MCU) is notified via inter-chip communication. The MCU waits in real time for alarm sound anomaly events, and once the backup sound playback requirement is met, it plays the backup alarm sound through the backup audio system. This solution only considers the alarm sound processing method when the SoC's main sound system fails to play, and cannot fully guarantee driving safety when there are abnormalities in the speaker, SoC, and screen alarms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an instrument backup alarm system and method to overcome the problem that the existing technology cannot issue alarms in a timely manner when the speaker, on-chip system and screen alarms fail, resulting in low driving safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in one aspect, the present invention provides an instrument backup alarm system, comprising:

[0006] The acquisition module is used to acquire speaker status signals, on-chip system status signals, and screen alarm status signals;

[0007] The analysis module is used to analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal;

[0008] The judgment module is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the working status of the speaker, and to compensate and correct the value of the abnormal factor. The judgment module is equipped with a judgment unit, which is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the working status of the speaker. The judgment module is also equipped with a compensation unit, which is used to set a compensation coefficient based on the on-chip system status signal to compensate for the abnormal factor. The judgment module is also equipped with a correction unit, which is used to set a correction coefficient based on the screen alarm status signal to correct the compensation coefficient.

[0009] The alarm module is used to control the working status of the backup alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors.

[0010] Furthermore, the acquisition module acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals through the system-on-chip, which in turn acquires these signals via Ethernet.

[0011] Furthermore, the analysis module acquires the speaker status signal and analyzes the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal, wherein:

[0012] When the speaker status signal is abnormal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in an abnormal working state;

[0013] When the speaker status signal is normal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in normal working condition.

[0014] Furthermore, the judgment unit acquires the operating state of the speaker and determines the value of the abnormal factor based on the operating state of the speaker, wherein:

[0015] When the speaker is in an abnormal working state, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 0;

[0016] When the speaker is in normal working condition, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 1.

[0017] Further, the compensation unit acquires the on-chip system status signal and sets the compensation coefficient B according to the on-chip system status signal, wherein:

[0018] When the on-chip system status signal is normal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 1;

[0019] When the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 0;

[0020] The compensation unit compensates for the abnormal factor A according to the compensation coefficient B, and the compensated abnormal factor is C, which is set as C=A×B.

[0021] Furthermore, the correction unit acquires the screen alarm status signal and sets the value of the correction coefficient D according to the screen alarm status signal, wherein:

[0022] When the screen alarm status signal is normal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 1;

[0023] When the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 0;

[0024] The correction unit corrects the value of the compensation coefficient B according to the correction coefficient D. The corrected compensation coefficient is E, and E is set to B × D.

[0025] Furthermore, the alarm module acquires the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, and controls the operating status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, wherein:

[0026] When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor = 1, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the off state.

[0027] When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor is 0, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the on state.

[0028] Furthermore, when the backup alarm is in the active state, it triggers an alarm by setting different alarm tones. The alarm tones of the backup alarm include a speaker malfunction alarm tone, an on-chip system malfunction alarm tone, and a screen alarm malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=1, no alarm is triggered. When the malfunction factor A=0, and the compensation coefficient B and correction coefficient D are arbitrary values, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be a speaker malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=0, and the correction coefficient is arbitrary, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be an on-chip system malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=0, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be a screen alarm malfunction alarm tone.

[0029] Furthermore, the acquisition module, analysis module, and judgment module are equipped with an on-chip system. When the on-chip system status signal is normal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the on-chip system. When the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the vehicle's CAN bus. The on-chip system and each unit of the judgment module communicate through SPI. The communication protocol between the judgment module and the alarm module is the 12S protocol.

[0030] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an instrument backup alarm method, comprising:

[0031] Step S1: Acquire speaker status signal, on-chip system status signal, and screen alarm status signal;

[0032] Step S2: Analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal;

[0033] Step S3: Determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the speaker's operating status;

[0034] Step S4: Set compensation coefficients according to the on-chip system status signal to compensate for abnormal factors;

[0035] Step S5: Set the correction coefficient according to the screen alarm status signal and correct the compensation coefficient.

[0036] Step S6: Control the working status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the system acquires speaker status signals, on-chip system status signals, and screen alarm status signals through the acquisition module to monitor the speaker status, on-chip system status, and screen alarm status in real time, thereby ensuring driving safety; the analysis module analyzes the speaker's working status based on the speaker status signals to promptly determine the speaker's working status, thereby ensuring driving safety; the judgment unit in the judgment module determines the value of abnormal factors based on the speaker's working status, thereby ensuring driving safety; the compensation unit in the judgment module compensates for abnormal factors based on the on-chip system status, thereby ensuring driving safety; the correction unit in the judgment module corrects the compensation coefficient based on the screen alarm status, thereby ensuring driving safety; and the alarm module controls the working status of the backup alarm based on the value of the abnormal factors to play instrument alarm sounds when a screen alarm or on-chip system malfunctions, thereby ensuring driving safety.

[0038] In particular, the acquisition module acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals via Ethernet through the system-on-chip, so as to monitor the speaker status, system-on-chip status, and screen alarm status in real time, fully consider the impact of speaker status, system-on-chip status, and screen alarm status on driving safety during driving, thereby ensuring driving safety.

[0039] In particular, when the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the compensation unit determines that the compensation coefficient is 0 and compensates the abnormal factor through the compensation coefficient. The compensated abnormal factor is the product of the compensation coefficient and the abnormal factor, so that when the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the value of the compensated abnormal factor is 0. Thus, the abnormal state of the on-chip system is reflected through the compensated abnormal factor, thereby further improving driving safety.

[0040] In particular, when the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the correction unit determines that the correction coefficient is 0 and corrects the value of the compensation coefficient by the correction coefficient. The corrected compensation coefficient is the product of the correction coefficient and the compensation coefficient, so that when the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the value of the corrected compensation coefficient is 0. Thus, the abnormal status of the on-chip system is reflected by the corrected compensation coefficient, thereby further improving driving safety.

[0041] In particular, the backup alarm uses different sound types to distinguish different abnormal states, thereby reminding the driver and further improving driving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the instrument backup alarm system in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the judgment module in the instrument backup alarm system of this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the instrument backup alarm method in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the instrument backup alarm system of this embodiment, including:

[0049] The acquisition module is used to acquire speaker status signals, on-chip system status signals, and screen alarm status signals;

[0050] An analysis module, used to analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal, is connected to the acquisition module;

[0051] The judgment module is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the working status of the speaker, and to compensate and correct the value of the abnormal factor. The judgment module is connected to the analysis module.

[0052] An alarm module is used to control the working status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors, and it is connected to the judgment module.

[0053] Please see Figure 2 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the judgment module in the instrument backup alarm system of this embodiment. The judgment module includes:

[0054] The judgment unit is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the operating status of the speaker;

[0055] The compensation unit is used to set the compensation coefficient according to the on-chip system status signal in order to compensate for abnormal factors. The compensation unit is connected to the judgment unit.

[0056] The correction unit is used to set the correction coefficient according to the screen alarm status signal in order to correct the compensation coefficient. The correction unit is connected to the compensation unit.

[0057] Specifically, the system acquires speaker status signals, on-chip system status signals, and screen alarm status signals through an acquisition module to monitor these statuses in real time, thereby ensuring driving safety. The analysis module analyzes the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signals to promptly determine its operational status, ensuring driving safety. The judgment module's judgment unit determines the value of abnormal factors based on the speaker's operating status, ensuring driving safety. The compensation unit in the judgment module compensates for abnormal factors based on the on-chip system status, ensuring driving safety. The correction unit in the judgment module corrects the compensation coefficient based on the screen alarm status, ensuring driving safety. The alarm module controls the operation of the backup alarm based on the abnormal factor values, playing an instrument alarm sound when a screen alarm or on-chip system malfunctions, thus ensuring driving safety.

[0058] Specifically, the acquisition module acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals through the system-on-chip. The system-on-chip acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals via Ethernet. The system-on-chip refers to an integrated circuit with a dedicated target, which contains a complete system and all embedded software. The system-on-chip is abbreviated as SOC.

[0059] Specifically, the acquisition module collects speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals via Ethernet through the system-on-chip, in order to monitor the speaker status, system-on-chip status, and screen alarm status in real time, fully considering the impact of speaker status, system-on-chip status, and screen alarm status on driving safety during driving, thereby ensuring driving safety.

[0060] Specifically, the analysis module acquires the speaker status signal and analyzes the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal, wherein:

[0061] When the speaker status signal is abnormal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in an abnormal working state;

[0062] When the speaker status signal is normal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in normal working condition.

[0063] Specifically, the judgment unit acquires the operating state of the speaker and determines the value of the abnormal factor based on the operating state of the speaker, wherein:

[0064] When the speaker is in an abnormal working state, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 0;

[0065] When the speaker is in normal working condition, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 1.

[0066] Specifically, the compensation unit acquires the on-chip system status signal and sets the compensation coefficient B according to the on-chip system status signal, wherein:

[0067] When the on-chip system status signal is normal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 1;

[0068] When the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 0;

[0069] The compensation unit compensates for the abnormal factor A according to the compensation coefficient B, and the compensated abnormal factor is C, which is set as C=A×B.

[0070] Specifically, when the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the compensation unit determines that the compensation coefficient is 0, and compensates the abnormal factor through the compensation coefficient. The compensated abnormal factor is the product of the compensation coefficient and the abnormal factor, so that when the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the value of the compensated abnormal factor is 0. Thus, the abnormal state of the on-chip system is reflected through the compensated abnormal factor, thereby further improving driving safety.

[0071] Specifically, the correction unit acquires the screen alarm status signal and sets the value of the correction coefficient D according to the screen alarm status signal, wherein:

[0072] When the screen alarm status signal is normal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 1;

[0073] When the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 0;

[0074] The correction unit corrects the value of the compensation coefficient B according to the correction coefficient D. The corrected compensation coefficient is E, and E is set to B × D.

[0075] Specifically, when the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the correction unit determines that the correction coefficient is 0, and corrects the value of the compensation coefficient by the correction coefficient. The corrected compensation coefficient is the product of the correction coefficient and the compensation coefficient, so that when the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the value of the corrected compensation coefficient is 0. Thus, the abnormal state of the on-chip system is reflected by the corrected compensation coefficient, thereby further improving driving safety.

[0076] Specifically, the alarm module acquires the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, and controls the operating status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, wherein:

[0077] When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor = 1, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the off state.

[0078] When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor is 0, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the on state.

[0079] Specifically, when the backup alarm is in the active state, it triggers an alarm by setting different alarm sounds. The alarm sounds of the backup alarm include a speaker malfunction alarm sound, an on-chip system malfunction alarm sound, and a screen alarm malfunction alarm sound. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=1, no alarm is triggered. When the malfunction factor A=0, and the compensation coefficient B and correction coefficient D are arbitrary values, the alarm module controls the alarm sound of the backup alarm to be the speaker malfunction alarm sound. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=0, and the correction coefficient is arbitrary, the alarm module controls the alarm sound of the backup alarm to be the on-chip system malfunction alarm sound. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=0, the alarm module controls the alarm sound of the backup alarm to be the screen alarm malfunction alarm sound.

[0080] Specifically, the backup alarm uses different sound types to distinguish different abnormal states, thereby alerting the driver and further improving driving safety. This embodiment does not specifically limit the sound type of the backup alarm; those skilled in the art can freely set it, as long as the alarm sound is significantly different under different abnormal conditions. For example, the speaker alarm sound could be a rapid bell sound, the on-chip system alarm sound a low beeping sound, and the screen alarm sound a knocking sound.

[0081] Specifically, the acquisition module, analysis module, and judgment module are equipped with a system-on-a-chip (SoC). When the SoC status signal is normal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the SoC. When the SoC status signal is abnormal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the vehicle's CAN bus. The SoC and each unit of the judgment module communicate via SPI, and the communication protocol between the judgment module and the alarm module is the 12S protocol.

[0082] Specifically, the system described in this embodiment is installed in the vehicle cockpit system. The system can be ported to other platforms through the automotive development system architecture. The automotive development system architecture refers to an open automotive controller standard software architecture jointly developed by global automakers, parts suppliers and various research and service institutions, abbreviated as Autosar architecture.

[0083] Please see Figure 3 As shown, it is a flowchart illustrating the instrument backup alarm method of this embodiment, including:

[0084] Step S1: Acquire speaker status signal, on-chip system status signal, and screen alarm status signal;

[0085] Step S2: Analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal;

[0086] Step S3: Determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the speaker's operating status;

[0087] Step S4: Set compensation coefficients according to the on-chip system status signal to compensate for abnormal factors;

[0088] Step S5: Set the correction coefficient according to the screen alarm status signal and correct the compensation coefficient.

[0089] Step S6: Control the working status of the backup alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors.

[0090] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An instrument backup alarm system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire speaker status signals, on-chip system status signals, and screen alarm status signals; The analysis module is used to analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal; The judgment module is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the working status of the speaker, and to compensate and correct the value of the abnormal factor. The judgment module is equipped with a judgment unit, which is used to determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the working status of the speaker. The judgment module is also equipped with a compensation unit, which is used to set a compensation coefficient based on the on-chip system status signal to compensate for the abnormal factor. The judgment module is also equipped with a correction unit, which is used to set a correction coefficient based on the screen alarm status signal to correct the compensation coefficient. The alarm module is used to control the working status of the backup alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors.

2. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition module acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals through the system-on-chip. The system-on-chip acquires speaker status signals, system-on-chip status signals, and screen alarm status signals via Ethernet.

3. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis module acquires the speaker status signal and analyzes the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal, wherein: When the speaker status signal is abnormal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in an abnormal working state; When the speaker status signal is normal, the analysis module determines that the speaker is in normal working condition.

4. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The judgment unit acquires the operating status of the speaker and determines the value of the abnormal factor based on the operating status of the speaker, wherein: When the speaker is in an abnormal working state, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 0; When the speaker is in normal working condition, the judgment unit sets the value of the abnormal factor A to 1.

5. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compensation unit acquires the on-chip system status signal and sets the compensation coefficient B according to the on-chip system status signal, wherein: When the on-chip system status signal is normal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 1; When the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the compensation unit sets the value of the compensation coefficient B to 0; The compensation unit compensates for the abnormal factor A according to the compensation coefficient B, and the compensated abnormal factor is C, which is set as C=A×B.

6. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The correction unit acquires the screen alarm status signal and sets the value of the correction coefficient D according to the screen alarm status signal, wherein: When the screen alarm status signal is normal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 1; When the screen alarm status signal is abnormal, the correction unit sets the value of the correction coefficient D to 0; The correction unit corrects the value of the compensation coefficient B according to the correction coefficient D. The corrected compensation coefficient is E, and E is set to B × D.

7. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm module acquires the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, and controls the operating status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected anomaly factors, wherein: When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor = 1, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the off state. When the compensated and corrected abnormal factor is 0, the alarm module controls the standby alarm to be in the on state.

8. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the backup alarm is in the active state, it triggers an alarm by setting different alarm tones. The alarm tones of the backup alarm include a speaker malfunction alarm tone, an on-chip system malfunction alarm tone, and a screen alarm malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=1, no alarm is triggered. When the malfunction factor A=0, and the compensation coefficient B and correction coefficient D are arbitrary values, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be the speaker malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=0, and the correction coefficient is arbitrary, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be the on-chip system malfunction alarm tone. When the malfunction factor A=1, the compensation coefficient B=1, and the correction coefficient D=0, the alarm module controls the alarm tone of the backup alarm to be the screen alarm malfunction alarm tone.

9. The instrument backup alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the on-chip system status signal is normal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the on-chip system. When the on-chip system status signal is abnormal, the judgment module sends an abnormal factor signal to the alarm module through the vehicle's CAN bus. The on-chip system and each unit of the judgment module communicate through SPI. The communication protocol between the judgment module and the alarm module is the 12S protocol.

10. An instrument backup alarm method, applied to the instrument backup alarm system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Acquire speaker status signal, on-chip system status signal, and screen alarm status signal; Step S2: Analyze the speaker's operating status based on the speaker status signal; Step S3: Determine the value of the abnormal factor based on the speaker's operating status; Step S4: Set compensation coefficients according to the on-chip system status signal to compensate for abnormal factors; Step S5: Set the correction coefficient according to the screen alarm status signal and correct the compensation coefficient. Step S6: Control the working status of the standby alarm based on the values ​​of the compensated and corrected abnormal factors.

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