A comprehensive extraction method of effective components in persicae semen

Abstract

The application provides a comprehensive extraction method of effective components in peach kernel, and the prepared peach kernel powder is subjected to first extraction treatment for 2-4 times; first extraction liquid obtained by each first extraction treatment is combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and first solid obtained by the last first extraction treatment is taken as residue; the crude peach kernel oil is sequentially subjected to washing and liquid separation to obtain peach kernel oil and water phase; the water phase is sequentially subjected to first concentration, standing, filtration and recrystallization to obtain amygdalin; the residue is mixed with water and subjected to second extraction treatment for 2-4 times; second extraction liquid obtained by each second extraction treatment is combined and sequentially subjected to second pH adjustment and centrifugal separation to obtain crude protein, and then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain amino acid compounds. The method provided by the application improves the utilization rate of peach kernel, is easy to operate, has mild conditions, is convenient for post-treatment and has low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of extraction, in particular to a comprehensive extraction method of effective components in peach kernel. BACKGROUND

[0002] Peach kernel is the dried mature seed of Prunus persica or P. davidiana, which is collected after the fruit is mature, the flesh and shell are removed, the seed is taken out, and then dried. It is widely distributed in China, mainly produced in Northeast China, Northwest China, North China, Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei and Shaanxi, and cultivated in hilly and low mountainous areas. It can grow normally under high temperature of 43.9℃ in summer and low temperature of-40℃ in winter. There are many kinds of effective components in peach kernel, including fatty oils, amygdalin, proteins, etc. Among them, the content of peach kernel oil in peach kernel is 30%-50%. According to the literature, peach kernel oil is rich in linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which can remove metabolic impurities in blood vessels, so it can purify blood. Peach kernel oil is also rich in fatty acids and squalene, which have strong affinity with skin. These two compounds can quickly enter the body and be quickly absorbed by the skin, and have the effects of moisturizing, wrinkle removal and anti-aging on the skin. Amygdalin is also one of the main components of peach kernel. Amygdalin has the physiological effects of relieving cough and asthma, assisting anticancer, anti-atherosclerosis and anti-cardiac hypertrophy, and can be used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of skin cancer. The separation and purification of peach kernel oil and amygdalin in peach kernel, the exploration of their physiological functions such as anticoagulation, blood lipid reduction and blood sugar reduction, the clarification of their structure-activity relationship, and the development of corresponding functional products will have good application prospect.

[0003] At present, there are few reports on peach kernel extracts. Patent CN200410012381.1 (A method for extracting and refining amygdalin) reports the use of supercritical carbon dioxide to extract plants containing amygdalin. The optimal extraction process is obtained by adjusting the temperature, pressure and solid-liquid ratio: the extraction pressure is 15-35 MPa, the temperature is 30-60°C, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:3-1:10. Under these conditions, the crude amygdalin obtained is dissolved in ethanol, crystallized at low temperature, filtered, and dried to obtain amygdalin. Patent CN02100460.9 (Method for extracting, separating and refining the active ingredient amygdalin) reports that bitter almonds are squeezed to remove oil, and then 3-6 times the amount of ethanol is added for reflux extraction, filtered under reduced pressure, and allowed to stand to precipitate a white solid to obtain bitter apricot kernels. The crude product of amygdalin was dissolved in ethanol, filtered, refrigerated, and white crystals of amygdalin were precipitated, which were then washed with ether and dried to obtain the fine product of amygdalin; "Study on the Extraction Process of Peach Kernel Oil and Its Physicochemical Properties and Composition" (Tao Chunxiao, Ye Taiwei, Zhang Fang, 2022, 44(12): 3914-3919) discloses the use of orthogonal experiments to explore the extraction process of peach kernel oil. The document uses Soxhlet extraction to extract peach kernel oil, and conducts orthogonal experiments with the extraction rate as an indicator to determine the optimal extraction process. The physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition and relative content of peach kernel oil from 6 production areas are measured, and the process parameters of the Soxhlet extraction method of peach kernel oil are optimized. The optimal process is to use petroleum ether with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, extract at 85°C for 6h, and the peach kernel oil extraction rate is 52.91%. Although these three documents extract and purify amygdalin and peach kernel oil, they only study one of the active ingredients, resulting in waste of other active ingredients in the plant. In particular, in the process of refining amygdalin, it is necessary to first squeeze out the peach kernel oil, which will destroy other active ingredients in the peach kernel. The process is also relatively cumbersome. In addition, in the process of refining amygdalin or peach kernel oil, organic solvents such as ether and petroleum ether are used, which will pollute the product to a certain extent. The instruments used are relatively expensive (such as supercritical extraction equipment), which is not suitable for industrial production. Therefore, it is a problem that the prior art urgently needs to solve to provide a method for comprehensive extraction of active ingredients in peach kernel that is simple in process, pollution-free to the product, and suitable for industrial production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive extraction method for effective ingredients in peach kernels. The method provided by the present invention has a simple process, is pollution-free to the product, is suitable for industrial production, and can comprehensively extract a variety of effective ingredients in peach kernels, including peach kernel oil, amygdalin and amino acid compounds.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a comprehensive extraction method for effective components in peach kernels, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) drying and pulverizing peach kernels in sequence to obtain peach kernel powder;

[0008] (2) mixing the peach kernel powder obtained in step (2) with a solvent and an acid-base regulator, and performing a first extraction treatment 2 to 4 times;

[0009] The first extraction process includes sequentially performing a first extraction reaction and a first solid-liquid separation to obtain a first extraction liquid and a first solid;

[0010] Mixing the first solid obtained from the previous first extraction process with a solvent and an acid-base regulator and then performing the next first extraction process;

[0011] The first extracts obtained from each first extraction process are combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and the first solid obtained from the last first extraction process is used as a residue;

[0012] (3) washing and separating the crude peach kernel oil obtained in step (2) in sequence to obtain peach kernel oil and an aqueous phase;

[0013] The aqueous phase is sequentially subjected to a first concentration, standing, filtering and recrystallization to obtain amygdalin;

[0014] (4) mixing the residue obtained in step (2) with water and performing a second extraction treatment 2 to 4 times;

[0015] The second extraction process includes sequentially performing a first pH adjustment, a second extraction reaction, and a second solid-liquid separation to obtain a second extract and a second solid;

[0016] Mixing the second solid obtained from the previous second extraction process with water and then performing the next second extraction process;

[0017] After combining the second extracts obtained from each second extraction process, performing a second pH adjustment and centrifugal separation in sequence to obtain crude protein;

[0018] The crude protein is subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain amino acid compounds;

[0019] The first pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 9-11; the second pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 2-4;

[0020] There is no particular order in which steps (3) and (4) are performed.

[0021] Preferably, the solvent in step (2) is one or more of ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate, and the volume percentage of the solvent is 65% to 100%.

[0022] Preferably, in step (2), the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of solvent is 1g:(6-10)

[0023] mL.

[0024] Preferably, the pH regulator in step (2) is one or more of NaOH, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3.

[0025] Preferably, in step (2), the pH regulator accounts for 0.5 wt% to 1 wt% of the peach kernel powder.

[0026] Preferably, the temperature of the first extraction reaction in step (2) is 50-90° C., and the time of the first extraction reaction is 1-3 hours.

[0027] Preferably, the reagent used for recrystallization in step (3) is 95% by volume ethanol.

[0028] Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the residue to the volume of water in step (4) is 1g:(10-120)

[0029] mL.

[0030] Preferably, the temperature of the second extraction reaction in step (4) is 30-50° C., and the time of the second extraction reaction is 1-2 hours.

[0031] The invention provides a comprehensive extraction method for effective components in peach kernels. The method comprises the following steps: firstly preparing peach kernel powder, mixing the powder with a solvent and an acid-base regulator, and performing a first extraction treatment 2 to 4 times; combining first extracts obtained from each first extraction treatment to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and performing a first solid obtained from the last first extraction treatment as a residue; then washing and liquid separation are performed on the crude peach kernel oil in sequence to obtain peach kernel oil and an aqueous phase; the aqueous phase is subjected to a first concentration, standing, filtering and recrystallization in sequence to obtain amygdalin; mixing the residue with water, and performing a second extraction treatment 2 to 4 times; combining second extracts obtained from each second extraction treatment, performing a first pH adjustment and centrifugal separation to obtain crude protein, and then performing alkaline hydrolysis to obtain an amino acid compound. The method provided by the present invention performs comprehensive extraction on peach kernels, and then separates the extracted effective components one by one to obtain peach kernel oil, amygdalin and amino acid compounds, thereby improving the utilization rate of peach kernels. The extraction method is easy to operate, has mild conditions, convenient post-processing, and low cost, fully utilizes peach kernel resources, is of great significance to the development and utilization of peach kernels, and makes up for the fact that there are currently no reports or patents on comprehensive extraction of peach kernels. At the same time, the method provided by the present invention is also suitable for the comprehensive extraction of effective components from apricot kernels, almond kernels, etc. The results of the examples show that the method provided by Example 1 of the present invention, after synchronous extraction and separation (or comprehensive extraction) of 100g of peach kernels, 31.9g of peach kernel oil, 0.83g of amygdalin with a content of 92.2% and 11.68g of amino acid compounds with a content of 43.15% were obtained. Among them, the extraction rate of peach kernel oil in Example 1 was calculated to reach 79.75%. The peach kernel residue after protein extraction was 50g, and the yield of effective components in Example 1 reached 50%, and the peach kernel residue can also be used as feed or fuel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is the GC-MS total ion current diagram of the peach kernel oil components obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 The UV absorption graphs of pure amygdalin (i.e., standard product) in the present invention, crude amygdalin prepared in Example 1, and amygdalin after recrystallization;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a trend diagram showing the effect of ethanol concentration on the quality of peach kernel residue in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Graph showing the effect of the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) on the mass of peach kernel residue in Examples 1, 6 to 9 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5This is a trend diagram showing the effect of the temperature of the first extraction reaction on the quality of peach kernel residue in Examples 1 and 10 to 13 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention provides a comprehensive extraction method for effective components in peach kernels, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) drying and pulverizing peach kernels in sequence to obtain peach kernel powder;

[0039] (2) mixing the peach kernel powder obtained in step (2) with a solvent and an acid-base regulator, and performing a first extraction treatment 2 to 4 times;

[0040] The first extraction process includes sequentially performing a first extraction reaction and a first solid-liquid separation to obtain a first extraction liquid and a first solid;

[0041] Mixing the first solid obtained from the previous first extraction process with a solvent and an acid-base regulator and then performing the next first extraction process;

[0042] The first extracts obtained from each first extraction process are combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and the first solid obtained from the last first extraction process is used as a residue;

[0043] (3) washing and separating the crude peach kernel oil obtained in step (2) in sequence to obtain peach kernel oil and an aqueous phase;

[0044] The aqueous phase is sequentially subjected to a first concentration, standing, filtering and recrystallization to obtain amygdalin;

[0045] (4) mixing the residue obtained in step (2) with water and performing a second extraction treatment 2 to 4 times;

[0046] The second extraction process includes sequentially performing a first pH adjustment, a second extraction reaction, and a second solid-liquid separation to obtain a second extract and a second solid;

[0047] Mixing the second solid obtained from the previous second extraction process with water and then performing the next second extraction process;

[0048] After combining the second extracts obtained from each second extraction process, performing a second pH adjustment and centrifugal separation in sequence to obtain crude protein;

[0049] The crude protein is subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain amino acid compounds;

[0050] The first pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 9-11; the second pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 2-4;

[0051] There is no particular order in which steps (3) and (4) are performed.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used are conventional commercial products in the field.

[0053] The method comprises the steps of drying and pulverizing peach kernels in sequence to obtain peach kernel powder.

[0054] The present invention has no particular limitation on the drying and pulverizing methods, and any technical solution well known in the art may be used.

[0055] After obtaining the peach kernel powder, the present invention mixes the peach kernel powder with a solvent and an acid-base regulator, and then performs a first extraction process 2 to 4 times;

[0056] The first extraction process includes sequentially performing a first extraction reaction and a first solid-liquid separation to obtain a first extraction liquid and a first solid;

[0057] Mixing the first solid obtained from the previous first extraction process with a solvent and an acid-base regulator and then performing the next first extraction process;

[0058] The first extracts obtained from each first extraction treatment are combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and the first solid obtained from the last first extraction treatment is used as the residue.

[0059] In the present invention, the solvent is preferably one or more of ethanol, methanol and ethyl acetate, more preferably ethanol. In the present invention, the volume percentage of the solvent is preferably 65% ​​to 100%, more preferably 88% to 98%, and further preferably 95%.

[0060] In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of the peach kernel powder to the volume of the solvent is preferably 1g: (6-10)

[0061] mL.

[0062] In the present invention, the pH regulator is preferably one or more of NaOH, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3.

[0063] In the present invention, the pH regulator preferably accounts for 0.5 wt% to 1 wt% of the peach kernel powder.

[0064] In the present invention, the number of times of the first extraction is preferably 2 times.

[0065] In the present invention, the temperature of the first extraction reaction is preferably 50-90° C., more preferably 70-85° C., and even more preferably 80° C. In the present invention, the time of the first extraction reaction is preferably 1-3 hours, more preferably 1.5-2 hours, and even more preferably 2 hours.

[0066] In the present invention, the first solid-liquid separation method is preferably filtration.

[0067] The present invention controls the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of the solvent, the type and concentration of the solvent, the mass fraction of the pH regulator in the peach kernel powder, the temperature of the first extraction reaction, the time of the first extraction reaction, and the number of first extraction treatments within the above ranges to improve the extraction effect of the first extraction treatment and obtain crude peach kernel oil with the highest content of the effective components peach kernel oil and amygdalin.

[0068] After obtaining the crude peach kernel oil, the method sequentially washes and separates the crude peach kernel oil to obtain the peach kernel oil and an aqueous phase.

[0069] In the present invention, the washing is performed 2 to 3 times; the volume ratio of the crude peach kernel oil to the water used for washing is 1:(1 to 3);

[0070] In the present invention, the liquid separation method is centrifugation; the rotation speed of the centrifugation is preferably 5000 rpm.

[0071] After obtaining the aqueous phase, the present invention sequentially performs a first concentration, standing, filtering and recrystallization on the aqueous phase to obtain amygdalin.

[0072] In the present invention, the volume of the first concentrated product preferably accounts for 0.5 to 0.2 of the volume of the aqueous phase.

[0073] The present invention has no particular limitation on the standing time, as long as the solid is completely precipitated. The present invention has no particular limitation on the filtering method, and any technical solution well known in the art can be used.

[0074] After the filtration is completed, the present invention sequentially dries and recrystallizes the filtered product to obtain amygdalin.

[0075] The present invention has no particular limitation on the drying method, and moisture can be removed by methods well known in the art.

[0076] In the present invention, the reagent used for the recrystallization is 95% by volume ethanol.

[0077] After obtaining the residue, the residue obtained in step (2) is mixed with water and subjected to a second extraction treatment 2 to 4 times;

[0078] The second extraction process includes sequentially performing a first pH adjustment, a second extraction reaction, and a second solid-liquid separation to obtain a second extract and a second solid;

[0079] Mixing the second solid obtained from the previous second extraction process with water and then performing the next second extraction process;

[0080] After combining the second extracts obtained from each second extraction process, performing a second pH adjustment and centrifugal separation in sequence to obtain crude protein;

[0081] The crude protein is subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain amino acid compounds;

[0082] The first pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 9-11; the second pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 2-4.

[0083] In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of the residue to the volume of water is preferably 1 g: (10-20) mL, more preferably 1 g: (12-18) mL.

[0084] In the present invention, the first pH adjustment is preferably to adjust the pH value to 10. In the present invention, the alkaline solution used for the first pH adjustment is a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.5 to 1 mol / L.

[0085] In the present invention, the second extraction is preferably performed twice.

[0086] In the present invention, the temperature of the second extraction reaction is preferably 30-50° C., and the time of the second extraction reaction is preferably 1-2 hours.

[0087] In the present invention, the second solid-liquid separation method is preferably filtration.

[0088] In the present invention, the second pH adjustment is preferably to adjust the pH value to 3. In the present invention, the acidic solution used for the first pH adjustment is an HCl solution with a concentration of 0.5 to 1 mol / L.

[0089] The present invention controls the ratio of the mass of the residue to the volume of water, the pH value of the system to be subjected to the second extraction reaction, the temperature of the second extraction reaction, the time of the second extraction reaction, and the number of second extraction treatments within the above ranges to improve the extraction effect of the second extraction treatment and increase the yield of the amino acid compounds.

[0090] In the present invention, the alkaline solution used for the alkaline hydrolysis is a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.5 to 1 mol / L.

[0091] In the present invention, the temperature of the alkaline hydrolysis is preferably 35 to 45° C., more preferably 40° C. In the present invention, the time of the alkaline hydrolysis is preferably 2 to 4 hours, more preferably 3 hours.

[0092] After the alkaline hydrolysis, the present invention centrifuges and filters the alkaline hydrolysis product to obtain amino acid compounds.

[0093] The present invention provides a comprehensive extraction method for effective ingredients in peach kernels. The method has simple process operation, mild reaction conditions, no pollution to the product, and is suitable for industrial production. The method can comprehensively extract multiple effective ingredients in peach kernels, including peach kernel oil, amygdalin and amino acid compounds.

[0094] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] The comprehensive extraction method of active ingredients in peach kernel is as follows:

[0097] (1) Weighing 100 g of peach kernel, drying and pulverizing in sequence to obtain peach kernel powder;

[0098] (2) The peach kernel powder obtained in step (2) was placed in a 1 L round-bottom flask, and a 95% ethanol solution and 1 g of NaHCO3 were added according to a ratio of the mass of the peach kernel powder to the volume of the ethanol solution (i.e., the solvent) of 1 g:8 mL, and the first extraction treatment was performed twice;

[0099] The first extraction treatment is to sequentially perform a first extraction reaction and a first solid-liquid separation to obtain a first extract and a first solid;

[0100] Mixing the first solid obtained from the previous first extraction process with a solvent and an acid-base regulator and then performing the next first extraction process;

[0101] The first extracts obtained by each first extraction process are combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and the first solid obtained by the last first extraction process is used as a residue, and the mass of the (peach kernel) residue is 60g;

[0102] The temperature of the first extraction reaction is 80° C., the time of the first extraction reaction is 2 h, the first solid-liquid separation is filtration, and the NaHCO 3 pH regulator preferably accounts for 1 wt % of the peach kernel powder;

[0103] (3) adding water to the crude peach kernel oil obtained in step (2) and washing the oil twice, with the volume of water used for each washing being 100 mL, then placing the washed product in a centrifuge tube and centrifuging it at a speed of 5000 r / min for 10 min. After centrifugation, the extract will be stratified, and the upper layer is an orange-yellow substance, namely peach kernel oil. The upper layer of peach kernel oil is separated by a pipette to obtain 31.9 g of pure peach kernel oil, and the lower layer is an aqueous phase;

[0104] The aqueous phase was concentrated under reduced pressure, i.e., the volume of the first concentrated product was 1 / 5 of the volume of the aqueous phase, and then refrigerated and allowed to stand to precipitate a white substance, i.e., crude amygdalin. The crude amygdalin was dried, and the dried crude amygdalin was recrystallized to obtain 0.83 g of recrystallized (or purified) amygdalin.

[0105] The recrystallization is to dissolve the dried amygdalin crude product in 95% ethanol, filter and refrigerate to precipitate amygdalin white crystals, then wash the amygdalin white crystals with a small amount of ethanol, and repeat the above operation 2 to 3 times;

[0106] (4) 60 g of the residue obtained in step (2) was placed in a 1 L reaction vessel, and water was added according to a ratio of the mass of the residue to the volume of water, preferably 1 g:15 mL, and a second extraction treatment was performed twice;

[0107] The second extraction process comprises first performing a first pH adjustment to adjust the pH value of the solution to 10, then performing a second extraction reaction, and then performing a second solid-liquid separation to obtain a second extract and a second solid;

[0108] Mixing the second solid obtained from the previous second extraction process with water and then performing the next second extraction process;

[0109] After combining the second extracts obtained from each second extraction process, 1 mol / L HCl solution was added to perform a second pH adjustment to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3, precipitate, and then centrifuge to obtain crude protein;

[0110] The temperature of the second extraction reaction is 30° C., the time of the second extraction reaction is 2 h, and the second solid-liquid separation is filtration;

[0111] The solid obtained from the last second extraction process is used as the residue after protein extraction, and the residue after protein extraction is 50g;

[0112] The crude protein was mixed with 1 mol / L NaOH solution, and the pH was adjusted to 9 for alkaline hydrolysis. Then, the mixture was centrifuged and filtered to obtain 11.68 g of amino acid compounds.

[0113] The temperature of the alkaline hydrolysis is 40° C., and the time of the alkaline hydrolysis is 3 hours.

[0114] The peach kernel raw material used in Example 1 was tested by a third-party agency and found to have a peach kernel oil content of 40%. The mass of the peach kernel oil prepared in Example 1 was 31.9 g. After calculation, the comprehensive extraction method in Example 1 achieved an extraction rate of 79.75% for peach kernel oil. The peach kernel oil obtained in Example 1 was subjected to GC-MS analysis, and the GC-MS total ion current diagram of the peach kernel oil components obtained in Example 1 was as follows: Figure 1 As shown by Figure 1 It can be seen that the main components of the peach kernel oil obtained in Example 1 are ethyl oleate, linoleic acid, ethyl palmitate and squalene with volume percentages of 40%, 26.34%, 3.28% and 1.82% respectively.

[0115] The content of amygdalin in pure amygdalin (i.e., standard product), crude amygdalin prepared in Example 1, and recrystallized amygdalin was detected by ultraviolet method, and the ultraviolet absorption graphs of pure amygdalin (i.e., standard product), crude amygdalin prepared in Example 1, and recrystallized amygdalin were obtained as shown in the following figure: Figure 2 As shown by Figure 2 It can be seen that the content of amygdalin in the crude amygdalin prepared in Example 1 is 50.4%, and the content of amygdalin in the recrystallized sample is 92.2%.

[0116] The residue obtained after protein extraction in Example 1 was 50 g, and the yield of the effective component obtained by the comprehensive extraction method provided in Example 1 reached 50%.

[0117] The content of the active ingredient amino acid compound in 11.68 g of the amino acid compound prepared in Example 1 was measured by the ninhydrin-phosphate buffer method using the detection method in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) to be 43.15%.

[0118] Example 2

[0119] According to the method of Example 1, the effective ingredients in peach kernel are comprehensively extracted, except that the solvent in step (2) is an ethanol solution with a concentration of 65%;

[0120] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 76.4 g.

[0121] Example 3

[0122] According to the method of Example 1, the effective ingredients in peach kernel are comprehensively extracted, except that the solvent in step (2) is 75% ethanol solution;

[0123] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 70.5 g.

[0124] Example 4

[0125] According to the method of Example 1, the effective ingredients in peach kernel are comprehensively extracted, except that the solvent in step (2) is an 85% ethanol solution;

[0126] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 67.3 g.

[0127] Example 5

[0128] According to the method of Example 1, the effective ingredients in peach kernel are comprehensively extracted, except that the solvent in step (2) is 100% ethanol solution;

[0129] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 66.4 g.

[0130] Example 6

[0131] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that in step (2), the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) was 1 g:6 mL;

[0132] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 69.7 g.

[0133] Example 7

[0134] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that in step (2), the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) was 1 g:7 mL;

[0135] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 66.5 g.

[0136] Example 8

[0137] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that in step (2), the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) was 1 g:9 mL;

[0138] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 61.3 g.

[0139] Example 9

[0140] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that in step (2), the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) was 1 g:10 mL;

[0141] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 61.5 g.

[0142] Example 10

[0143] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that the temperature of the first extraction reaction in step (2) was 50° C.;

[0144] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 70.4 g.

[0145] Example 11

[0146] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that the temperature of the first extraction reaction in step (2) was 60° C.;

[0147] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 67.5 g.

[0148] Example 12

[0149] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that the temperature of the first extraction reaction in step (2) was 70° C.;

[0150] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 61.3 g.

[0151] Example 13

[0152] According to the method of Example 1, the effective components in peach kernel were comprehensively extracted, except that the temperature of the first extraction reaction in step (2) was 90° C.;

[0153] The mass of the (peach kernel) residue obtained in step (2) is 63.1 g.

[0154] The influence trend diagram of ethanol concentration on the quality of peach kernel residue in Examples 1 to 5 is as follows Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the influence of the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e. solvent) on the mass of peach kernel residue in Examples 1, 6 to 9 is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the influence of the temperature of the first extraction reaction on the quality of the peach kernel residue in Examples 1, 10 to 13 is shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown by Figures 3-5 It can be seen that with the increase of ethanol concentration, the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) and the temperature of the first extraction reaction, the mass of peach kernel residue first decreases and then increases, and when the ratio of the mass of peach kernel powder to the volume of ethanol solution (i.e., solvent) is 1g:8mL, the ethanol concentration is 95wt%, and the temperature of the first extraction reaction is 80°C, the mass of peach kernel residue is lower, indicating that the most effective ingredients are extracted under these conditions and the extraction effect is better.

[0155] To sum up, the method provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application is used to extract and separate 100g peach kernel synchronously (or comprehensively), and 31.9g peach kernel oil, 0.83g amygdalin with a content of 92.2% and 11.68g amino acid compounds with a content of 43.15% are obtained. The extraction rate of the peach kernel oil reaches 79.75% according to calculation. The peach kernel residue after the extraction of the protein is 50g. The yield of the effective components reaches 50%. The peach kernel residue can be used as feed or fuel. The method provided by the present application makes full use of the peach kernel and is very beneficial to the value improvement of the peach kernel resources.

[0156] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A comprehensive extraction method for active ingredients in peach kernel, comprising the following steps: (1) drying and pulverizing peach kernels in sequence to obtain peach kernel powder; (2) mixing the peach kernel powder obtained in step (1) with a solvent and an acid-base regulator, and performing a first extraction treatment 2 to 4 times; The first extraction process includes sequentially performing a first extraction reaction and a first solid-liquid separation to obtain a first extraction liquid and a first solid; Mixing the first solid obtained from the previous first extraction process with a solvent and an acid-base regulator and then performing the next first extraction process; The first extracts obtained from each first extraction process are combined to obtain crude peach kernel oil, and the first solid obtained from the last first extraction process is used as a residue; The solvent in step (2) is at least one of ethanol and methanol solution, and the volume percentage of the solvent is 65% to 100%; In step (2), the pH regulator is one or more of NaOH, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3; (3) washing and separating the crude peach kernel oil obtained in step (2) in sequence to obtain peach kernel oil and an aqueous phase; The aqueous phase is sequentially subjected to a first concentration, standing, filtering and recrystallization to obtain amygdalin; (4) mixing the residue obtained in step (2) with water and performing a second extraction treatment 2 to 4 times; The second extraction process includes sequentially performing a first pH adjustment, a second extraction reaction, and a second solid-liquid separation to obtain a second extract and a second solid; Mixing the second solid obtained from the previous second extraction process with water and then performing the next second extraction process; After combining the second extracts obtained from each second extraction process, performing a second pH adjustment and centrifugal separation in sequence to obtain crude protein; The crude protein obtained above is subjected to alkaline hydrolysis to obtain amino acid compounds; The first pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 9-11, and the second pH adjustment is to adjust the pH value to 2-4; There is no particular order in which steps (3) and (4) are performed.

2. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, wherein In the step (2), the ratio of the mass of the peach kernel powder to the volume of the solvent is 1 g: (6-10) mL.

3. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, wherein In the step (2), the pH regulator accounts for 0.5 wt% to 1 wt% of the peach kernel powder.

4. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature of the first extraction reaction in the step (2) is 50 to 90° C., and the time of the first extraction reaction is 1 to 3 hours.

5. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reagent used for recrystallization in step (3) is 95% by volume ethanol.

6. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the mass of the residue in step (4) to the volume of water is 1 g: (10-120) mL.

7. The comprehensive extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature of the second extraction reaction in step (4) is 30-50° C., and the time of the second extraction reaction is 1-2 hours.

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