Preparation method of sea red fruit pomace brick

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing crabapple pomace bricks, specifically including the following steps: raw material pretreatment: cutting crabapple branches into sections, drying and then pulverizing to obtain crabapple branch powder; adhesive preparation: obtaining adhesive by boiling crabapple processing waste; mixing: adding the adhesive to the crabapple branch powder in a certain proportion to obtain a mixture; molding: placing the mixture into a mold, maintaining pressure and drying to obtain crabapple pomace bricks. This invention uses crabapple branch sections as raw material and crabapple processing waste as adhesive to prepare crabapple pomace bricks with a fruity aroma. The high temperature provided by combustion releases volatile substances from the pomace bricks, resulting in a unique complex aroma formed by the fusion of the crabapple's woody fragrance, fruity aroma, sweetness, and meaty aroma. This invention is simple, quick, and easy to operate, making it particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production in factories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deep processing technology of sea buckthorn, specifically relating to a method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks. Background Technology

[0002] *Malus micromalus* Makino, a deciduous small tree belonging to the genus *Malus* in the family Rosaceae, is a rare and endemic species unique to the border region of Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia, primarily distributed in the loess hilly and gully areas where these three provinces meet. *Malus micromalus* is characterized by its large size, deep roots, cold and drought resistance, ease of management and cultivation, tolerance to pruning, and long lifespan. The tree is a deciduous small tree with drooping branches, a naturally round or oval crown, 4-5 meters high, and a crown diameter that can generally reach 7 meters. The main trunk is 1-1.5 meters high, and the branches are grayish-brown, with larger branches more numerous horizontally than upright branches. The tree begins to sprout in mid-March, flowers in mid-to-late April, new shoots cease growth in early to mid-June, the fruit begins to color at the end of June, ripens in late September, and the leaf fall ends in early November, after which it enters dormancy. *Malus micromalus* trees in Fugu County grow rapidly, take shape quickly, and bear fruit early. Generally, the tree begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting, reaches its peak fruiting period around 15 years, and can last for 50-60 years. In the cultivation and management of sea buckthorn, pruning of young trees should focus on protecting the main branches and adjusting branch density and shape. When pruning young trees, attention should be paid to protecting the main branches and cleaning up the density and shape of small branches. For mature trees, the focus of pruning is to improve the overall light quality of the tree, retaining as many large lateral branches as possible to ensure ventilation and light penetration, maintaining a leaf-to-fruit ratio of (3-4):1. Every 2-5 years, vigorous shoots should be pinched back to gradually expand and enrich the canopy. Diseased and insect-infested branches should be removed, and rough, old bark should be scraped off and burned or buried deeply. Pruning should be done four times a year (once each in spring, summer, autumn, and winter).

[0003] Each kilogram of sea buckthorn contains 2780mg of calcium, 2.7 times that of hawthorn and 7.37 times that of apples of the same weight, making it the fruit with the highest calcium content and earning it the reputation of "King of Calcium Among Fruits." The soluble solids content is 18%, the titratable acid is 1.04%, and the vitamin C content of the pulp is 2.83mg / 100g. Freshly eaten, it has a sweet and sour taste and a unique flavor. It can be processed into a series of products such as fruit juice, sea buckthorn wine, sea buckthorn vinegar, canned goods, fruit leather, dried fruit, jam, and other dried fruit products. It also has medicinal value, making it an ideal nutritional and health-promoting product with huge development potential and broad prospects. For example, Chinese patent ZL201210109452.4 discloses a method for preparing sea buckthorn wine and non-alcoholic sea buckthorn wine. Using sea buckthorn as raw material, the process involves juicing, clearing and fermenting the juice, and then using a copper kettle distillation method to remove the alcohol. The resulting non-alcoholic sea buckthorn wine is clear and glossy, orange-yellow or orange-red in color, sweet and sour, with a harmonious flavor and typical sea buckthorn characteristics. It retains a large amount of functional components such as amino acids, lipids, and flavonoids from the raw material, making it highly nutritious. Another example is Chinese patent ZL201310222445.X, which discloses a method for processing dried sea buckthorn. After washing and removing the pits from the sea buckthorn, it is soaked in a 50°C hardening and color-protecting agent aqueous solution for heat preservation and cooking. Then, the sea buckthorn is blanched in boiling water, rinsed with clean water, and drained. The drained sea buckthorn is added to a sugar cooking solution for sugar cooking. After sugar cooking, the sea buckthorn is soaked in the sugar cooking solution. The soaked sea buckthorn is then removed, drained, and microwaved under vacuum. For example, Chinese patent CN114045193A discloses a method for preparing biochar from a high-calcium sea buckthorn beverage. The method separates the sea buckthorn fruit into four parts: pulp, stem, peel, and kernel. The pulp is used to prepare a high-calcium beverage: sea buckthorn wine or sea buckthorn vinegar, while the stem, peel, and kernel are used to prepare sea buckthorn biochar. This method comprehensively utilizes all parts of the sea buckthorn fruit, solving the problem of existing technologies where the processing of sea buckthorn involves only one part, resulting in a large amount of processing waste and serious resource waste.

[0004] The existing technologies mentioned above are currently unable to provide a comprehensive and in-depth processing solution for the resource-based utilization of all products from the growth and processing stages of sea buckthorn. The development of the sea buckthorn industry chain is mainly concentrated in the planting stage, with planting accounting for a large proportion and product processing accounting for a very small proportion. Post-harvest processing levels are low, and the industry is generally at a low stage, primarily focused on selling raw materials. Coupled with lagging market development, an incomplete system and network, and poor product circulation, this has led to a situation where increased production does not necessarily lead to increased income, or even decreased income, significantly impacting farmers' enthusiasm. Developing resource-based technologies and processes for sea buckthorn tree pruning branches and processing waste such as fruit stalks, peels, pits, and juice residues from the production of dried fruit, fruit wine, and fruit juice beverages is a strategic task for the current development of the sea buckthorn industry. This will break through the "bottleneck" of industrial upgrading, seek good outlets for by-products, increase the added value of sea buckthorn products, and extend the industry chain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved: The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks, which uses pruned branches of sea buckthorn trees and processing waste from sea buckthorn to prepare pomace bricks for use as fuel for fruitwood-roasted meat, fruitwood-roasted duck, or outdoor open-air barbecues. This solves the problem in the existing technology where pruned branches and processing waste from sea buckthorn trees are discarded and piled up, resulting in a huge waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. The invention aims to expand the deep processing technology of sea buckthorn, enhance the economic value of the product, effectively promote the industrialization of sea buckthorn, transform resource advantages into economic advantages, and realize the resource utilization of this rare local fruit resource.

[0006] Technical solution: A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks, specifically including the following steps:

[0007] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into sections, dry them to a moisture content of 5-18%, and then pulverize them to obtain crabapple branch powder;

[0008] (2) Preparation of adhesive: NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 are added to the processing waste of sea buckthorn according to a certain mass ratio, and the viscous liquid obtained after boiling is used as adhesive;

[0009] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple branch powder according to the mass ratio of (10.3-87.5):100, and mix while stirring until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball. After standing for 0.2-1.5 hours, the mixture is obtained.

[0010] (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold and dried under a pressure of 44.2-70.2 MPa for 2-8 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the branch segments pruned from the sea buckthorn fruit in step (1) is 1-3 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the drying temperature in step (1) is 70-105℃.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the pulverized material in step (1) is 18-100 mesh.

[0014] Preferably, the waste material from the processing of sea buckthorn in step (2) consists of the fruit stalk, peel, pit, and juice residue from the pulp. Preferably, the amount of NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH)2 added in step (2) is 3.3%-8.2% of the weight of the waste material from the processing of sea buckthorn, wherein the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH)2 is 3:1:1.

[0015] Preferably, the specific steps for preparing the adhesive in step (2) are as follows:

[0016] Add the waste from processing sea buckthorn fruit to tap water at a mass-to-volume ratio of 50g:(400-800mL). Boil at 90-110℃ with constant stirring for 30-40 minutes. During the boiling process, add NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2, and continue boiling with constant stirring for 5-10 minutes. Turn off the heat and continue stirring for 5-8 minutes after turning off the heat. Let it cool.

[0017] Preferably, the drying conditions in step (4) are 70-100℃ for 8-10 hours.

[0018] Preferably, the sea buckthorn pomace brick is prepared by the aforementioned method.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. This invention uses pruned branches from sea buckthorn berries as raw materials and sea buckthorn processing waste as an adhesive to prepare sea buckthorn pomace bricks with a fruity aroma. Compared with commercially available fruitwood charcoal, this invention does not involve a carbonization process, thus saving energy. During combustion, the volatile substances in the pomace bricks are retained, and the released sweet aroma of sea buckthorn fruitwood blends with the meaty aroma to form a unique complex fragrance.

[0021] 2. This invention releases chemical components such as lignin and pectin from sea buckthorn processing waste through boiling, which can then be used as an adhesive, enabling self-production and self-use. The process is simple, convenient, and easy to operate, making it particularly suitable for large-scale industrial production in factories.

[0022] 3. This invention makes full use of crabapple processing waste, which not only expands the ways of utilizing crabapple and reduces waste and emissions, but also meets the fuel demand of the emerging fruit wood barbecue market. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 Process flow diagram for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks;

[0024] Figure 2 The image shows the actual product of the sea buckthorn pomace brick prepared in Example 2.

[0025] Figure 3 The image shows the combustion of the sea buckthorn pomace brick prepared in Example 2;

[0026] Figure 4 The image shows the GC-MS diagram of the combustion flue gas from the sea buckthorn pomace brick prepared in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments:

[0028] Example 1

[0029] A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into 1cm long sections, dry them at 70℃ until the moisture content is 5%, and then crush them to obtain crabapple branch powder with a particle size of 18 mesh.

[0031] (2) Preparation of adhesive: The waste products of sea buckthorn processing, including the fruit stalks, peels, pits and pulp juice residue, were added to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:400mL. The mixture was boiled at 90℃ with constant stirring for 30min. During the boiling process, NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 were added. The mixture was boiled for another 5min with constant stirring. After turning off the heat, the mixture was stirred back and forth for another 5min. The mixture was then allowed to cool to obtain the adhesive. The amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added was 3.3% of the mass of the sea buckthorn processing waste, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 was 3:1:1.

[0032] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple pruning powder at a mass ratio of 10.3:100, stirring while adding, until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball, and let it stand for 0.2 hours to obtain the mixture.

[0033] (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold, maintained at 44.2 MPa pressure for 2 hours, and then dried at 70℃ for 8 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks specifically includes the following steps:

[0036] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into 1cm long sections, dry them at 85℃ until the moisture content is 8%, and then crush them to obtain crabapple branch powder with a particle size of 30 mesh.

[0037] (2) Preparation of adhesive: The waste products of sea buckthorn processing, including the fruit stalks, peels, pits and pulp juice residue, were added to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:500mL. The mixture was boiled at 95℃ with constant stirring for 30min. During the boiling process, NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 were added. The mixture was boiled for another 6min with constant stirring. After turning off the heat, the mixture was stirred back and forth for another 6min. The mixture was then allowed to cool to obtain the adhesive. The amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added was 4.5% of the mass of the sea buckthorn processing waste, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 was 3:1:1.

[0038] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple pruning powder at a mass ratio of 45.6:100, stirring while adding, until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball, and let it stand for 0.5 hours to obtain the mixture.

[0039] (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold, maintained at 50MPa pressure for 4 hours, and then dried at 80℃ for 9 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into 2cm long sections, dry them at 95℃ until the moisture content is 12%, and then crush them to obtain crabapple branch powder with a particle size of 60 mesh.

[0043] (2) Preparation of adhesive: The waste products of sea buckthorn processing, including the fruit stalks, peels, pits and pulp juice residue, were added to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:600mL. The mixture was boiled at 100℃ with constant stirring for 35min. During the boiling process, NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 were added. The mixture was boiled for another 8min with constant stirring. After turning off the heat, the mixture was stirred back and forth for another 7min. The mixture was then allowed to cool to obtain the adhesive. The amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added was 5.3% of the mass of the sea buckthorn processing waste, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 was 3:1:1.

[0044] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple pruning powder at a mass ratio of 65:100, and mix while stirring until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball. After standing for 0.8 hours, the mixture is obtained. (4) Molding: Place the mixture into a mold, maintain the pressure at 65.2 MPa for 6 hours, and then dry at 90°C for 9 hours to obtain crabapple pomace bricks.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks specifically includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into 3cm long sections, dry them at 100℃ until the moisture content is 16%, and then crush them to obtain crabapple branch powder with a particle size of 80 mesh.

[0048] (2) Preparation of adhesive: The waste products of sea buckthorn processing, including the fruit stalks, peels, pits and pulp juice residue, were added to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:700mL. The mixture was boiled at 105℃ with constant stirring for 38 minutes. During the boiling process, NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 were added. The mixture was boiled for another 8 minutes with constant stirring. After turning off the heat, the mixture was stirred back and forth for another 8 minutes. The mixture was then allowed to cool to obtain the adhesive. The amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added was 7.8% of the mass of the sea buckthorn processing waste, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 was 3:1:1.

[0049] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple pruning powder at a mass ratio of 75.2:100, stirring while adding, until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball, and let stand for 1.2 hours to obtain the mixture.

[0050] (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold, maintained at 67MPa pressure for 7 hours, and then dried at 100℃ for 9 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks.

[0051] Example 5

[0052] A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into 3cm long sections, dry them at 105℃ until the moisture content is 18%, and then crush them to obtain crabapple branch powder with a particle size of 100 mesh.

[0054] (2) Preparation of adhesive: The waste products of sea buckthorn processing, including the fruit stalks, peels, pits and pulp juice residue, were added to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:800mL. The mixture was boiled at 110℃ with constant stirring for 40min. During the boiling process, NaOH and Ca(OH)2 were added. The mixture was boiled for another 10min with constant stirring and then the heat was turned off. After turning off the heat, the mixture was stirred back and forth for another 8min. The mixture was then allowed to cool to obtain the adhesive. The amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added was 8.2% of the mass of the sea buckthorn processing waste, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 was 3:1:1.

[0055] (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple pruning powder at a mass ratio of 87.5:100, stirring while adding, until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball, and let stand for 1.5 hours to obtain the mixture.

[0056] (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold, maintained at 70.2 MPa pressure for 8 hours, and then dried at 100℃ for 10 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks.

[0057] The calorific value, volatile matter, and ash content of the sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in Examples 1-5, and ordinary commercially available jujube charcoal (Comparative Example 1) and ordinary commercially available apple charcoal (Comparative Example 2) were determined according to GB / T 17664-1999 "Charcoal and Test Methods for Charcoal". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1. Calorific value, volatile matter, and ash content of the sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0059] Heat generation Volatile matter Ash Example 1 5428 kcal / kg 70.15％ 4.78％ Example 2 5349 kcal / kg 71.62％ 4.53％ Example 3 5103 kcal / kg 69.27％ 5.14％ Example 4 5297 kcal / kg 70.27％ 4.85％ Example 5 5007 kcal / kg 68.91％ 5.85％ Comparative Example 1 3814 kcal / kg 55.78％ 10.76％ Comparative Example 2 3752 kcal / kg 54.92％ 12.44％

[0060] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with commercially available ordinary fruitwood charcoal, the sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in the examples burn more completely and release more heat.

[0061] The sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in Example 2 were burned, and the flue gas was collected for GC-MS analysis. The GC-MS spectrum is shown in [Figure 1]. Figure 4 The main chemical components in the flue gas are shown in Table 2.

[0062] Table 2. Main chemical composition of flue gas from the combustion of sea buckthorn fruit residue bricks.

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] from Figure 4 As can be seen from Table 2, the flue gas produced by burning the sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in Example 2 contains acetylene with a fruity aroma, propylene with a sweet taste, and n-butene and 1,3-butadiene with an aromatic odor. This indicates that the sea buckthorn pomace bricks prepared in this invention can retain the volatile substances of the pomace bricks while burning, and the sweet aroma of sea buckthorn wood blends with the aroma of meat to form a unique complex aroma.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace bricks, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: (1) Raw material pretreatment: Cut the branches of the crabapple into sections, dry them to a moisture content of 5-18%, and then pulverize them to obtain crabapple branch powder; (2) Preparation of adhesive: Add the waste from processing sea buckthorn fruit to tap water at a mass-volume ratio of 50g:(400-800mL), and boil continuously at 90-110℃ for 30-40 minutes with constant stirring. During the boiling process, add NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2, and continue to boil continuously for 5-10 minutes with constant stirring. After turning off the heat, continue to stir back and forth for 5-8 minutes, and let it cool to obtain the adhesive. (3) Mixing: Add the adhesive prepared in step (2) to the crabapple branch powder according to the mass ratio of (10.3-87.5):100, and mix while stirring until the adhesive and powder can be kneaded into a ball. After standing for 0.2-1.5 hours, the mixture is obtained. (4) Molding: The mixture is placed in a mold and dried under a pressure of 44.2-70.2 MPa for 2-8 hours to obtain sea buckthorn residue bricks; The waste products from the processing of sea buckthorn in step (2) are the fruit stalks, peels, pits, and juice residues from juicing the fruit pulp.

2. The method for preparing a sea buckthorn pomace brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the length of the branches pruned from the sea buckthorn berries is 1-3 cm.

3. The method for preparing a sea buckthorn pomace brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying temperature in step (1) is 70-105℃.

4. The method for preparing a sea buckthorn pomace brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the pulverized material in step (1) is 18-100 mesh.

5. The method for preparing a sea buckthorn pomace brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the amount of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 added is 3.3%-8.2% of the amount of waste material from sea buckthorn processing, and the mass ratio of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 is 3:1:

1.

6. The method for preparing a sea buckthorn pomace brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying conditions for step (4) are 70-100℃ for 8-10 hours.

7. The sea buckthorn pomace brick prepared by the method for preparing sea buckthorn pomace brick according to any one of claims 1-6.

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