A transverse rotating combing drum combing machine - negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform

Abstract

To address the current problems of large alfalfa seed harvest losses and low purity, the present invention proposes a transversely rotating combing and detangling drum-pulling machine—a negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collection platform. The platform comprises a press nose, a bracket assembly, an inner liner, a transmission device, a hydraulic device, a seed transport device, a combing and detangling drum, a feed auger, and a deposition area ramp. The press nose at the front end of the device presses down the plants, causing the bent alfalfa plants, the combing and detangling drum, the deposition area ramp, and the inner liner to form a relatively sealed system. Simultaneously, the combing and detangling drum rotates at high speed to generate a negative pressure rotating airflow that absorbs the alfalfa seeds detangled by the combing and detangling plate teeth into the inner cavity of the collection platform, achieving efficient collection. The combing and detangling plate teeth have a unique tooth shape, forming circular detangling holes between the teeth, allowing detangling from bottom to top along the plant's growth direction, achieving excellent detangling effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting in agricultural machinery, in particular to a transversely rotating combing roller ear-plucking type machinery-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform. Background Art

[0002] Alfalfa is a perennial, tufted, perennial leguminous herb known for its high yield and rich nutritional value, earning it the reputation of "King of Forage Grasses." However, alfalfa seed harvesting technology and equipment are relatively backward and development has been slow, resulting in a lack of efficient mechanized alfalfa seed collection equipment. Alfalfa's growth characteristics differ significantly from other forage grasses. Each taproot bears several to a dozen primary branches, which are covered with twigs from top to bottom, and pods grow on these branches in scattered locations. Alfalfa seeds mature at inconsistent times, and the connection between the pod and the plant during maturity is extremely fragile, greatly increasing the difficulty of collecting alfalfa seeds. While my country has achieved some success in alfalfa seed harvesting machinery, research has tended towards comb-type harvesters. The harvesters developed have been ineffective in actual alfalfa seed applications, achieving a net collection rate of only 30-40%, with high losses common.

[0003] The closest prior art discloses an air-suction longitudinally inclined roller grass seed harvester. This technical solution consists of a longitudinally inclined roller, a negative pressure collection head, a plant guide, a wind conveying pipe, a fan, a sedimentation bin, a frame, a traction frame, a walking wheel, and a universal joint drive shaft. The plant guide and the negative pressure collection head are installed on the frame in parallel at a certain distance, and the longitudinally inclined roller is installed at the air suction port of the negative collection head. The front end of the longitudinally inclined roller is high and the rear end is low, and the projection line of the axis of the longitudinally inclined roller on the ground plane is parallel to the forward direction during operation. During operation, the tractor pulls the machine forward, the straw support separates the plants on the ridges, and the negative pressure collection head and the plant guide collect the plants. The collected and concentrated plants are combed and brushed by the rotating longitudinally inclined roller from top to bottom, and the seeds and seed pods are separated from the plants under the combing action of the longitudinally inclined roller. The air suction port of the fan is connected to the negative collection head through a wind conveying pipe, and the longitudinally inclined roller is installed at the air suction port of the negative pressure collection head. In this way, when the fan is working, negative pressure is generated around the longitudinally inclined roller, and the wind force can be used to collect the seeds and seed pods that the roller has combed off the plants.

[0004] After analysis, the prior art has the following shortcomings:

[0005] (1) The seeds that fall off when in contact with the longitudinally inclined roller during operation cannot be collected, resulting in a high loss rate;

[0006] (2) The sealing of the collection platform is poor, making it difficult to maintain the stability of positive and negative pressure airflow;

[0007] (3) The combing teeth are simple in shape and the combing method is not suitable for alfalfa, resulting in poor combing effect;

[0008] (4) The height of the collecting platform from the ground cannot be adjusted, which makes it difficult to ensure the combing effect of the entire plant, and the collection rate is low.

[0009] In view of the above shortcomings and difficulties, the development of an efficient and high-purity alfalfa seed harvesting machine is of great significance to the development of the domestic alfalfa industry. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Aiming at the current problems of large harvest losses and low purity of alfalfa seeds, a transverse rotating combing roller and ear-pulling mechanical-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform was proposed, which can achieve efficient and low-loss collection of alfalfa seeds.

[0011] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0012] A transversely rotating combing roller and ear-pulling mechanical-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform, comprising a stalk pressing nose, a front support, a middle support, a rear support, a transmission device, a hydraulic device, and a seed transport device;

[0013] The collecting platform is internally provided with a stripping drum, a feeding auger, and a deposition area inclined plate;

[0014] The pressing nose is used to bend the alfalfa plants during travel;

[0015] The pressing nose, front bracket, middle bracket and rear bracket are fixedly connected to form a bracket assembly, which is used to form a fixed inner container and bear the weight of the collection platform;

[0016] The inner liner is an internal airflow channel;

[0017] The transmission device is used to drive the stripping drum, the feeding auger, and the seed transport device;

[0018] The hydraulic device is used to adjust the ground clearance of the collection platform;

[0019] The seed transport device is used to transport alfalfa seeds to the upper discharge port for discharge;

[0020] The bent alfalfa plants, the stripping roller, the inclined plate of the deposition area and the inner container form a relatively sealed system;

[0021] The rotating airflow caused by the high-speed rotation of the combing and stripping drum forms an airflow throat through the inner liner and the combing and stripping drum;

[0022] The stripping roller is connected between the front support and the middle support through a bearing, and multiple rows of stripping and shoveling plate teeth are evenly arranged on the circumference of the roller; the stripping and shoveling plate teeth are used to strip the alfalfa seeds that have not fallen off;

[0023] The feeding auger is connected to the rear support through a bearing;

[0024] The movement of alfalfa seeds inside the collection platform is as follows:

[0025] The alfalfa seeds are collected by the combing and combing plate teeth and thrown into the chamber of the inner container by the negative pressure rotating airflow generated by the high-speed rotation of the combing drum;

[0026] Alfalfa seeds fall onto the inclined plate in the deposition area and slide along the surface of the inclined plate to the working area of ​​the feeding auger;

[0027] The feeding auger rotates to gather the alfalfa seeds to the middle and discharges the alfalfa seeds through the discharge port of the inner tank.

[0028] On the basis of the above solution, the hydraulic device includes a hydraulic rod support, a right hydraulic rod, and a left hydraulic rod;

[0029] The hydraulic rod support is fixedly connected to the rear bracket and is connected to the left hydraulic rod and the right hydraulic rod. The rear end of the hydraulic rod is used to connect to the body of the vehicle.

[0030] On the basis of the above solution, a buffer rubber pad is provided in the middle of the inner container to slow down the speed of the alfalfa seeds moving inside.

[0031] On the basis of the above solution, side baffles are provided on the side walls of the inner container to prevent alfalfa seeds on the sides from falling.

[0032] On the basis of the above scheme, a ventilation net is installed above the discharge port at the rear end of the inner tank, the mesh size of which is smaller than the alfalfa seed size, forming air convection with the air inlet below the rice pressing nose.

[0033] On the basis of the above solution, the transmission device includes a transmission belt, a belt baffle, and a power output box;

[0034] The power system in the power output box provides power and transmits the power to the stripping drum and the feeding auger through a belt.

[0035] On the basis of the above solution, the seed transport device includes a screw conveyor housing and a screw conveyor;

[0036] The screw conveyor is connected to the interior of the screw conveyor housing via a bearing;

[0037] The screw conveyor shell is connected to the discharge port of the inner container through the flange of its feed port;

[0038] The alfalfa seeds enter the feed port of the screw conveyor due to the extrusion at the rear and the air flow from the exhaust port. The screw conveyor transports the alfalfa seeds to the upper discharge port through rotation.

[0039] Based on the above solution, a rubber stopper is provided at the lower end of the seed transport device.

[0040] On the basis of the above scheme, the length of the teeth of the combing and plucking plate, the width of the sheet-like area at the middle tooth root, and the diameter of the circular plucking holes formed between the plate teeth are adapted to the stem diameter of the alfalfa plant.

[0041] A vehicle is provided, the vehicle body of which is connected to the transversely rotating combing drum combing type mechanical-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform described in the above scheme.

[0042] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0043] (1) The device has good sealing performance, stable positive and negative pressure airflow formation effect, and good absorption effect;

[0044] (2) The circular combing hole structure formed between the teeth of the combing plate has a good combing effect;

[0045] (3) The ground clearance of the collection platform can be adjusted by hydraulic rods, and the speed of the combing and stripping drum can be adjusted to achieve the best combing and airflow absorption effect;

[0046] (4) The efficient combination of positive and negative pressure airflow and mechanical combing results in high seed collection efficiency and low seed loss;

[0047] (5) It plays an important role in achieving improved varieties, intensification and standardization of alfalfa seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention has the following accompanying drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 A 45° axonometric view of the front of a transverse rotating combing drum combing machine - negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed efficient collection platform;

[0050] Figure 2 45° axonometric view of the rear of alfalfa seed collection platform with a horizontally rotating combing drum and a combing machine with negative pressure airflow;

[0051] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the high-efficiency alfalfa seed collecting platform with a transverse rotating combing drum and combing machine and negative pressure airflow;

[0052] Figure 4 Alfalfa seed harvesting schematic;

[0053] Figure 5 Inner tank section AA;

[0054] Figure 6 Front view of the stripping drum;

[0055] Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the teeth of the combing and plucking plate B;

[0056] Figure 8 Feed auger front view.

[0057] Figure numerals: wheat pressing nose (1), front end bracket (2), middle bracket (3), transmission belt (4), belt baffle (5), power output box (6), rear bracket (7), hydraulic rod support (8), screw conveyor housing (9), right hydraulic rod (10), ventilation net (11), left hydraulic rod (12), liner (13), side baffle (14), combing roller (15), feeding augers (16), screw conveyor (17), rubber stopper (18), buffer rubber pad (19), deposition area inclined plate (20). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following combination Figure 1-8 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0059] like Figure 1-3 The figure shows a transverse rotating combing roller and ear-plucking mechanical-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform, the structure of which includes a wheat pressing nose 1, a front end bracket 2, a middle bracket 3, a transmission belt 4, a belt baffle 5, a power output box 6, a rear bracket 7, a hydraulic rod support 8, a screw conveyor housing 9, a right hydraulic rod 10, a ventilation net 11, a left hydraulic rod 12, an inner liner 13, a side baffle 14, a combing roller 15, a feeding augers 16, a screw conveyor 17, a rubber stopper 18, a buffer rubber pad 19 and a deposition area inclined plate 20.

[0060] The pressing nose 1, front bracket 2, middle bracket 3, and rear bracket 7 are bolted together to form a bracket assembly, which primarily functions to secure the internal airflow path and support the weight of the collecting platform. A hydraulic rod support 8 is welded to the rear bracket, connected to the left and right hydraulic rods. The rear ends of the hydraulic rods are connected to the vehicle body. The height of the collecting platform above the ground can be controlled by adjusting the extension and retraction lengths of the hydraulic rods. The inner liner 13 is formed from thin iron plate through stamping, creating an internal airflow path with a smooth inner surface that facilitates the smooth passage of alfalfa seeds along the inner wall. A cushioning rubber pad 19 is affixed to the center of the inner liner 13 to slow the movement of the alfalfa seeds.

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the side baffles 14 are welded to the side walls of the inner liner 13 and are relatively narrow to prevent the alfalfa seeds from falling from the side. The seeds can slide along the side baffles to the sedimentation area of ​​the inner liner 13. A ventilation net is installed above the discharge port at the rear end of the inner liner 13. The mesh size is relatively small and is used for ventilation without causing the alfalfa seeds to escape. Air convection is formed with the air inlet below the pressing nose 1. The screw conveyor housing 9 is connected to the discharge port of the inner liner 13 through the flange of its feed port. The stripping roller 15 is connected between the front bracket 2 and the middle bracket 3 through a bearing, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, six rows of stripping and shearing teeth are evenly welded around its circumference. The teeth have a special tooth shape, forming circular shearing holes between the teeth. This allows for shearing from bottom to top along the plant's growth direction, achieving effective shearing. The feed auger 16 is connected to the rear support 7 via bearings. Its rotation gathers the grass seeds from the sedimentation area and discharges them through the discharge port. A screw conveyor 17 is connected to the interior of the screw conveyor housing 9 via bearings. It transports the alfalfa seeds from the conveyor's feed port to the discharge port, completing the transportation of the alfalfa seeds.

[0062] This transverse rotating combing drum ear-throwing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed efficient collection platform is a semi-feeding pre-harvest threshing and collection machine. When the alfalfa seeds are mature, only the alfalfa seeds are harvested without damaging the alfalfa plants. Figure 4 As shown, its working principle is as follows: during the forward movement of the collecting platform, the ground clearance of the collecting platform is adjusted by the lifting action of the left and right hydraulic rods, and the nose 1 is pressed to bend the alfalfa plants. At the same time, the combing roller 15 rotates at high speed. At this time, the bent alfalfa plants, the combing roller 15, the deposition area inclined plate 20 and the inner tank 13 form a relatively sealed system. When the rotating airflow caused by the high-speed rotation of the combing roller 15 passes through the airflow throat formed by the inner cavity 13 and the combing roller, it can be seen from the Bernoulli principle that the smaller the cross-sectional area, the greater the gas flow rate will be and the pressure will decrease. At this time, a certain pressure difference will be formed above and below the airflow throat, and the pressure will be the largest closer to the ground, the second largest in the inner cavity, and the smallest at the throat, so that the fallen seeds can be absorbed. The combing and brushing plate teeth on the combing roller can comb out the alfalfa seeds that have not fallen, and the combed alfalfa seeds pass through the following Figure 7 The stripping plate teeth are used to collect the alfalfa seeds and throw them into the chamber of the inner container 13 as the stripping roller rotates at high speed. The alfalfa seeds that enter the chamber at a higher speed will hit the buffer rubber pad 19 in the middle of the inner container to slow down and fall onto the inclined plate 20 in the deposition area. The alfalfa seeds on the inclined plate in the deposition area will slide along the surface of the inclined plate due to the action of airflow and gravity to the working area of ​​the feeding auger 16 (as shown in the figure). Figure 8 As shown), the feeding auger rotates to gather the alfalfa seeds to the middle and discharge them through the discharge port of the inner tank. At this time, the alfalfa seeds enter the feed port of the screw conveyor 17 due to the extrusion at the rear and the air flow at the exhaust port. The screw conveyor transports the alfalfa seeds to the upper discharge port for discharge by rotation. The alfalfa seeds deposited at the lower end of the screw conveyor can be discharged by opening the rubber stopper 18, thereby completing the collection of alfalfa seeds.

[0063] This device is powered by the power system in the power take-off box 6, and power is transmitted to the combing-out cylinder 15 and the feeding augers 16 by belt.In a preferred embodiment, the combing-out cylinder operating diameter is 400mm, and the adjustable speed range is 1000-1500r / min, which should usually be set at the positive and negative pressure airflow it produces and be enough to absorb alfalfa seeds from the ground into the inner cavity.The combing-out and ear-smoothing plate tooth length is 100mm, and wherein the width of the flaky area at the root of the tooth is 10mm, and the circular ear-smoothing hole diameter formed between the plate teeth is 15mm, which can adapt to the stalk diameter of alfalfa plants.The width of the airflow throat that the combing-out cylinder 15 and the inner liner 13 constitute is 60mm, and the widest part of the inner chamber is 110mm, and the flow rate reduction ratio is 11 / 6, so the throat place gas flow rate is close to 2 times of the inner chamber gas flow rate, which can reduce the alfalfa seed motion speed in the inner chamber, effectively reduce the possibility of rebounding and escaping after it hits the wall.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field may make various changes and modifications without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

[0065] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A transverse rotating combing drum combing machine - negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform, characterized in that: It includes a seed pressing nose (1), a front bracket (2), a middle bracket (3), a rear bracket (7), a transmission device, a hydraulic device, and a seed transport device; The collecting platform is internally provided with a stripping roller (15), a feeding auger (16), and a deposition area inclined plate (20); The pressing nose (1) is used to bend the alfalfa plants during travel; The pressing nose (1), the front bracket (2), the middle bracket (3) and the rear bracket (7) are fixedly connected to form a bracket assembly for forming a fixed inner liner (13) and bearing the weight of the collection platform; The inner container (13) serves as an internal air flow channel; the transmission device is used to drive the stripping roller (15), the feeding auger (16), and the seed transport device; The hydraulic device is used to adjust the ground clearance of the collection platform; The seed transport device is used to transport alfalfa seeds to the upper discharge port for discharge; The bent alfalfa plants, the stripping roller (15), the deposition area inclined plate (20) and the inner container (13) form a relatively sealed system; The rotating airflow caused by the high-speed rotation of the combing roller (15) passes through the inner liner (13) and the combing roller to form an airflow throat; the ratio of the width of the airflow throat formed by the combing roller (15) and the inner liner (13) to the widest part of the internal chamber is 6 / 11; The stripping roller (15) is connected between the front support (2) and the middle support (3) via a bearing, and six rows of stripping and shoveling plate teeth are evenly arranged on the circumference of the roller; the stripping and shoveling plate teeth are used to strip the alfalfa seeds that have not fallen off; The feeding auger (16) is connected to the rear support (7) via a bearing; The movement of alfalfa seeds inside the collection platform is as follows: The alfalfa seeds are collected by the combing and combing plate teeth and thrown into the chamber of the inner container by the negative pressure rotating airflow generated by the high-speed rotation of the combing drum; The alfalfa seeds fall onto the inclined plate (20) in the deposition area and slide along the surface of the inclined plate to the working area of ​​the feeding auger (16); The feeding auger (16) rotates to gather the alfalfa seeds to the middle thereof and discharge the alfalfa seeds through the discharge port of the inner container.

2. A transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic device comprises a hydraulic rod support (8), a right hydraulic rod (10), and a left hydraulic rod (12); The hydraulic rod support (8) is fixedly connected to the rear bracket (7), and is connected to a left hydraulic rod (12) and a right hydraulic rod (10). The rear ends of the hydraulic rods are used to connect to the vehicle body.

3. The transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer rubber pad (19) is provided in the middle of the inner container (13) for slowing down the speed of the alfalfa seeds when they move inside.

4. A transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A side baffle (14) is provided on the side wall of the inner container (13) to prevent alfalfa seeds on the side from falling.

5. The transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A ventilation net is installed above the discharge port at the rear end of the inner container (13), the mesh size of which is smaller than the size of alfalfa seeds, and forms air convection with the air inlet below the pressing nose (1).

6. The transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device comprises a transmission belt (4), a belt baffle (5), and a power output box (6); The power system in the power output box (6) provides power and transmits the power to the stripping drum (15) and the feeding augers (16) via belts.

7. The transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The seed transport device comprises a screw conveyor housing (9) and a screw conveyor (17); The screw conveyor (17) is connected to the interior of the screw conveyor housing (9) via a bearing; The screw conveyor housing (9) is connected to the discharge port of the inner container (13) through the flange of its feed port; The alfalfa seeds enter the feed port of the screw conveyor (17) due to the squeezing at the rear of the inner container and the effect of the air flow at the exhaust port. The screw conveyor transports the alfalfa seeds to the upper discharge port for discharge by rotating.

8. The transverse rotating combing drum combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber stopper (18) is provided at the lower end of the seed transport device.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: The body of the vehicle is connected to the hydraulic device of a transverse rotating combing roller combing machine-negative pressure airflow alfalfa seed collecting platform as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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