BIM-based stairwell smoke detection method, device and storage medium

Abstract

The BIM-based stairwell smoke prevention detection method, device and storage medium disclosed by the application establish a BIM model of a building, identify information of each closed stairwell in the building, judge the stair type in the stairwell, then group stairwells of each floor according to different stair types, judge the openable outer window area of the highest part of the stairwell of each stair group to confirm whether the stairwell meets the natural smoke prevention requirement, and in the case of not meeting the requirement, supplementarily detect whether the stairwell meets the mechanical smoke prevention requirement, and finally judge whether the stairwell smoke prevention design of the building meets the standard, so that the smoke prevention detection of the stairwell of the building is more accurate and efficient, and the problem of low accuracy and time-consuming of manual 2D drawing review is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building smoke control detection, and more particularly to a BIM-based method, apparatus, and storage medium for detecting smoke control in stairwells. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the compliance of 2D architectural drawings with standards relies on manual review. However, manual review is highly dependent on the experience and ability of personnel and cannot guarantee that all problems will be discovered. Fire safety is the most critical issue in architectural engineering, and most fire safety regulations are mandatory. A building can only be constructed after its compliance is ensured. However, due to the incompleteness and limitations of manual review at the 2D stage, many problems are only discovered after construction. Modifications require not only changes to the drawings but also on-site rework, and some problems are even unsolvable. Therefore, addressing fire safety issues at the design stage is crucial. Stairwells, as major circulation spaces in buildings, serve as important escape routes for people and auxiliary attack routes for firefighters. The compliance of their smoke control design is particularly important. However, due to the unique structural characteristics of stairwells, verifying their smoke control requirements using only 2D drawings of each floor is quite challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a BIM-based method for smoke detection in stairwells, comprising the following steps:

[0004] S1. Create a BIM model of the building based on the building's 2D drawings and building material information, and specify the attributes and labels for each room.

[0005] S2, identify the information of each enclosed stairwell in the building and determine the type of staircase in the stairwell;

[0006] S3. If the stairwell is a scissor staircase, determine whether there are any connected underground components below the horizontal plane. If so, combine the first-floor stairwell where the scissor staircase is located with the stairwell where the underground component is located into a staircase group. Then, calculate the overlap between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor staircase on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor from bottom to top. Combine the scissor staircases on the previous floor with the remaining scissor staircases on the current floor into a staircase group, until the grouping of each floor of the scissor staircase is completed and the corresponding staircase group is formed.

[0007] S4, determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of the stairwell in each stair group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the window will be considered open. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 floors, it meets the first type of smoke prevention requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke prevention standards is output.

[0008] Preferably, step S2 includes:

[0009] S21, identify the information of each enclosed stairwell in the building, and obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding the two L-shaped stair components in the first floor stairwell to form two corresponding wall component groups.

[0010] S22, if there are at least two wall components with the same identity information in two wall component groups, then the stair type in the stairwell is a scissor stair; otherwise, the stair type in the stairwell is a non-scissor stair.

[0011] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0012] If the stairwell is a non-scissor staircase, determine whether there are any connected underground components below the horizontal plane. If so, the stairwell containing the underground components of the non-scissor staircase is considered as a staircase group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are each considered as a staircase group.

[0013] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0014] The horizontal area containing the outer contour of a scissor staircase is divided into a first group of blocks of the same size. The horizontal areas containing the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the upper floor are also divided into a second group and a third group of blocks of the same size. The first group of blocks is then compared with the second and third groups of blocks. The degree of overlap between the outer contour of the lower scissor staircase and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the upper floor is determined based on the number of blocks that collide. Those with an overlap of less than 50% are considered to be the same staircase group.

[0015] Preferably, step S4 further includes:

[0016] If the area of ​​the operable exterior windows at the highest part of the stairwell of at least one stair group does not meet the first type of smoke prevention requirements, then it is determined whether there is a pressurized air supply shaft and louvers in the stairwell.

[0017] If pressurized air supply shafts and louvers exist, obtain the air volume parameters of the louver openings and the air volume requirements of the louvers on each floor from the BIM model, and calculate whether the air volume parameters of the louver openings meet the air volume requirements of the floor.

[0018] If the conditions are met, then it is determined whether there are any openings other than the entrance and exit in the stairwell and whether fire doors are used. If there are any openings other than the entrance and exit and fire doors are used, then the stairwell meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements.

[0019] This invention also discloses a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system, comprising:

[0020] The model building module is used to create a BIM model of the building based on the building's 2D drawings and building material information, and to give each room's attributes and labels;

[0021] The stair type identification module is used to identify information about each enclosed stairwell in the building and determine the type of staircase within the stairwell.

[0022] The first staircase grouping module is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane when the staircase is a scissor staircase. If there are, the first-floor staircase where the scissor staircase is located and the staircase where the underground component is located are grouped into a staircase group. Then, from bottom to top, the overlap degree between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor staircase on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor is calculated. The scissor staircases on the previous floor with the lower overlap degree are grouped into a staircase group with the remaining scissor staircase on the current floor, until the grouping of each floor of the scissor staircase is completed and the corresponding staircase group is formed.

[0023] The inspection module is used to determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of the stairwell in each stair group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the module will be considered valid. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2 If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 floors, it meets the first type of smoke prevention requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke prevention standards is output.

[0024] Preferably, the stair type identification module includes: a wall component identification module, used to identify information of each enclosed stairwell in the building, and to obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding two L-shaped stair components in the first-floor stairwell to form two corresponding wall component groups; and a judgment module, used to identify the stair type in the stairwell as a scissor stair when there are at least two wall components with the same identity information in the two wall component groups, otherwise to identify the stair type in the stairwell as a non-scissor stair.

[0025] Preferably, the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system also includes a second stairwell grouping module, which is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane when the stairwell is a non-scissor stairwell. If so, the stairwell containing the underground components of the non-scissor stairwell is regarded as a stairwell group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are regarded as stairwell groups respectively.

[0026] The present invention also discloses a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0027] The present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the methods described above.

[0028] This invention discloses a BIM-based method, device, and storage medium for smoke control detection in stairwells. By establishing a BIM model of the building, it identifies information about each enclosed stairwell within the building and determines the type of stairs within each stairwell. Then, it groups the stairwells on each floor according to different stair types and determines whether the stairwell meets natural smoke control requirements by measuring the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of each stairwell group. If it does not meet the requirements, it further tests whether it meets mechanical smoke control requirements. Finally, it determines whether the smoke control design of the building's stairwells meets the standards. This makes the smoke control detection of building stairwells more accurate and efficient, overcoming the problems of low accuracy and time-consuming manual 2D drawing review.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a BIM-based smoke detection method for stairwells, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific process of step S2 disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first-floor scissor staircase disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific process of step S4 disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle framework of a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stair type identification module disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one.

[0039] This embodiment discloses a BIM-based method for smoke detection in stairwells. A BIM model is not merely a 3D representation of architectural drawings; each component contains information such as the building's material, dimensions, weight, and physical parameters. Furthermore, room attributes can also be provided based on the model. Therefore, this method utilizes the BIM model to assist in the review of fire safety issues, replacing manual review of 2D drawings and ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the review. Specifically, see attached... Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the BIM-based smoke detection method for stairwells disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps.

[0040] Step S1: Establish a BIM model of the building based on the 2D building drawing and building material information, and give the attributes and labels of each room.

[0041] Step S2: Identify the information of each enclosed stairwell within the building and determine the type of staircase within each stairwell. After a room is given in the model, the model will identify all the walls enclosing the room and determine the ID code of each wall component in each room. The type of staircase is determined by the information of each wall component surrounding the staircase that forms the stairwell.

[0042] As attached Figure 2 As shown, step S2 may also include the following:

[0043] Step S21: Identify the information of each enclosed stairwell in the building, and obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding the two L-shaped stair components in the first-floor stairwell to form two corresponding wall component groups.

[0044] Step S22: If at least two wall components with the same identity information exist in two wall component groups, then the staircase type in the stairwell is a scissor staircase; otherwise, the staircase type in the stairwell is a non-scissor staircase. (See attached...) Figure 3 As shown, if two stairwells on the first floor share two wall components, such as the first wall component 101 and the second wall component 102, then these two stairwells can be identified as scissor stairs.

[0045] Step S3: If the stairwell is a scissor staircase, determine whether there are any connected underground components below the horizontal plane. If so, group the first-floor stairwell containing the scissor staircase with the stairwell containing the underground components into a staircase group. Then, calculate the overlap between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor stairwell on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor stairwells on the previous floor from bottom to top. Group the scissor stairwells on the previous floor with the scissor stairwells on the current floor with the remaining scissor stairwells on the current floor into a staircase group, until the grouping of each floor of the scissor staircase is completed and the corresponding staircase groups are formed.

[0046] Specifically, when the stairwell is a scissor staircase, if one of the stairwells has a connecting component below the ±0.00 elevation, this stairwell is combined with the underground section to form a set of staircases. Then, the overlap of the outer contours of the other stairwell on the first floor with the two stairwells on the second floor is checked. If the overlap is greater than 50%, this stairwell is combined with the stairwell on the second floor with the lower overlap. Then, the overlap of the stairwells with the two stairwells on the floor above is checked, alternating between floors until the combination is complete.

[0047] In this embodiment, the calculation of the overlap of the outer contours of two stairwells can be performed using the following steps: The horizontal area containing the outer contour of one scissor stairwell is divided into a first group of blocks of the same size. The horizontal area containing the outer contours of the two scissor stairwells on the upper floor is also divided into a second group and a third group of blocks of the same size. The first group of blocks is then collided with the second and third groups. The overlap of the lower-level scissor stairwell's outer contour with the two upper-level scissor stairwells is determined based on the number of colliding blocks. Those with an overlap of less than 50% are considered to be in the same stairwell group. Alternatively, each room can be divided into 5*5cm blocks. Using calculus, the room is disassembled, and each block is used to generate a solid block to collide with the solid blocks of another room. The overlap is determined based on the number of colliding blocks. In this building, each floor has two scissor staircases, and the floors above and below are all overlapping. Those with an overlap of less than 50% with the upper or lower floor are grouped into one group, and those with an overlap of more than 50% are grouped into another group. Each unit is divided into two groups of scissor staircases.

[0048] In this embodiment, step S3 may further include: if the stairwell is a non-scissor staircase, then determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane in the non-scissor stairwell. If so, then the stairwell containing the underground components of the non-scissor stairwell is considered as a staircase group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are each considered as a staircase group. That is, the underground parts of staircases in the same location form one group, and the above-ground parts form another group.

[0049] Step S4: Determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of each stairwell group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the window will be considered open. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2 If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 stories, it meets the first type of smoke control requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke control requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke control standards is output. The highest part of the stairwell can be the upper part of the wall of that group of stairwells or the area near the upper side. The first type of smoke control requirement is a natural smoke control requirement, and the second type of smoke control requirement is a mechanical smoke control requirement.

[0050] For details, see attached. Figure 4 As shown, step S4 may also include the following specific contents.

[0051] Step S41: If the area of ​​the operable exterior window at the highest part of the stairwell of at least one stair group does not meet the first type of smoke prevention requirements, then determine whether there is a pressurized air supply shaft and louvers in the stairwell.

[0052] Step S42: If pressurized air supply shafts and louvers exist, obtain the airflow parameters of the louver openings and the airflow requirements of each floor's louvers from the BIM model, and calculate whether the airflow parameters of the louver openings meet the airflow requirements of the floor. In the BIM model, all components have attributes. Air shafts do not have airflow parameters, but louvers do. Each floor's louvers have calculated airflow requirements. Based on these requirements, it can be determined whether the louver airflow in the model meets the requirements.

[0053] Step S43: If the conditions are met, determine whether there are any openings other than the entrance / exit in the stairwell and whether fire doors are used. If there are any openings other than the entrance / exit and fire doors are used, the stairwell meets the second type of smoke control requirements. In a specific embodiment, the stairwell must use Class A or Class B fire doors.

[0054] Mechanical smoke control requirements are met only after steps S41 to S43 above are simultaneously satisfied. Furthermore, stairwells in a building can only ultimately meet the smoke control standards if they meet either natural or mechanical smoke control requirements.

[0055] The BIM-based smoke control detection method for stairwells disclosed in this embodiment establishes a BIM model of the building, identifies information on each enclosed stairwell within the building, determines the type of stairs within each stairwell, then groups the stairwells on each floor according to different stair types, and determines whether the stairwell meets natural smoke control requirements by measuring the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of each stairwell group. If it does not meet the requirements, further testing is conducted to determine whether it meets mechanical smoke control requirements. Finally, it is determined whether the smoke control design of the building's stairwells meets the standards, thus making the smoke control detection of building stairwells more accurate and efficient, overcoming the problems of low accuracy and time-consuming manual 2D drawing review.

[0056] In another embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 5 As shown, a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system is also disclosed, including a model building module 1, a staircase type identification module 2, a first staircase grouping module 3, and an inspection module 4. The model building module 1 is used to build a BIM model of the building based on the building's two-dimensional drawings and building material information, specifying the attributes and labels of each room. The staircase type identification module 2 is used to identify the information of each enclosed stairwell within the building and determine the type of staircase within each stairwell. The first staircase grouping module 3 is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane when the stairwell is a scissor staircase. If so, it groups the first-floor stairwell containing the scissor staircase with the stairwell containing the underground components into a staircase group. Then, from bottom to top, it calculates the overlap between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor staircase on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor. The scissor staircases on the previous floor with lower overlap are grouped with the remaining scissor staircases on the current floor into a staircase group, until the grouping of each floor's scissor staircases is completed and corresponding staircase groups are formed. Inspection module 4 is used to determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of the stairwell in each stair group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the inspection module will be deemed to have a positive effect. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2 If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 floors, it meets the first type of smoke prevention requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke prevention standards is output.

[0057] In this embodiment, as shown in the appendix Figure 6As shown, the staircase type identification module 2 includes a wall component identification module 21 and a judgment module 22. The wall component identification module 21 is used to identify the information of each enclosed staircase in the building, and to obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding the two L-shaped staircase components in the first-floor staircase to form two corresponding wall component groups. The judgment module 22 is used to identify the staircase type in the staircase as a scissor staircase when there are at least two wall components with the same identity information in the two wall component groups; otherwise, it identifies the staircase type in the staircase as a non-scissor staircase.

[0058] In this embodiment, the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system also includes a second stairwell grouping module. When the stairwell is a non-scissor stairwell, the second stairwell grouping module is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane in the non-scissor stairwell. If there are, the stairwell where the underground components of the non-scissor stairwell are located is regarded as a stairwell group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are regarded as a stairwell group respectively.

[0059] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Regarding the BIM-based stairwell smoke control detection system disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the BIM-based stairwell smoke control detection method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0060] In other embodiments, a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device is also provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the various steps of the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection method as described in the above embodiments.

[0061] The BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device and does not constitute a limitation on the device itself. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or use different components. For example, the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0062] The processor can be a central processing unit, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device, connecting all parts of the device via various interfaces and lines.

[0063] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or modules. The processor implements various functions of the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device by running or executing the computer program and / or modules stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart memory card, security digital card, flash memory card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0064] If the BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various BIM-based stairwell smoke detection method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory, a random access memory, an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based method for smoke detection in stairwells, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Create a BIM model of the building based on the building's 2D drawings and building material information, and specify the attributes and labels for each room. S2, identify the information of each enclosed stairwell in the building and determine the type of staircase in the stairwell; S3. If the stairwell is a scissor staircase, determine whether there are any connected underground components below the horizontal plane. If so, group the first-floor stairwell containing the scissor staircase with the stairwell containing the underground components into a staircase group. Then, calculate the overlap between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor staircase on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor from bottom to top. Group the scissor staircases on the previous floor with the remaining scissor staircases on the current floor into a staircase group, until the grouping of each floor of the scissor staircase is completed and the corresponding staircase groups are formed. Divide the horizontal area where the outer contour of a scissor staircase is located into a first block group of the same size. Divide the horizontal area where the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor are located into a second block group and a third block group of the same size. Collide the first block group with the second block group and the third block group. Determine the overlap between the outer contour of the lower-floor scissor staircase and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor based on the number of colliding blocks. Groups with an overlap of less than 50% are considered the same staircase group. S4, determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of the stairwell in each stair group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the window will be considered open. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2 If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 floors, it meets the first type of smoke prevention requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke prevention standards is output.

2. The BIM-based smoke detection method for stairwells according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: S21, identify the information of each enclosed stairwell in the building, and obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding the two L-shaped stair components in the first floor stairwell to form two corresponding wall component groups. S22, if there are at least two wall components with the same identity information in two wall component groups, then the stair type in the stairwell is a scissor stair; otherwise, the stair type in the stairwell is a non-scissor stair.

3. The BIM-based smoke detection method for stairwells according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: If the stairwell is a non-scissor staircase, determine whether there are any connected underground components below the horizontal plane. If so, the stairwell containing the underground components of the non-scissor staircase is considered as a staircase group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are each considered as a staircase group.

4. The BIM-based smoke detection method for stairwells according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: If the area of ​​the operable exterior windows at the highest part of the stairwell of at least one stair group does not meet the first type of smoke prevention requirements, then it is determined whether there is a pressurized air supply shaft and louvers in the stairwell. If pressurized air supply shafts and louvers exist, obtain the air volume parameters of the louver openings and the air volume requirements of the louvers on each floor from the BIM model, and calculate whether the air volume parameters of the louver openings meet the air volume requirements of the floor. If the conditions are met, then it is determined whether there are any openings other than the entrance and exit in the stairwell and whether fire doors are used. If there are any openings other than the entrance and exit and fire doors are used, then the stairwell meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements.

5. A BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system, characterized in that, include: The model building module is used to create a BIM model of the building based on the building's 2D drawings and building material information, and to give each room's attributes and labels; The stair type identification module is used to identify information about each enclosed stairwell in the building and determine the type of staircase within the stairwell. The first staircase grouping module is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane when the staircase is a scissor staircase. If so, the first-floor staircase containing the scissor staircase and the staircase containing the underground component are grouped into a staircase group. Then, from bottom to top, the overlap degree between the outer contour of the adjacent scissor staircase on the current floor and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor is calculated. The scissor staircases on the previous floor with lower overlap degree are grouped into a staircase group with the remaining scissor staircases on the current floor, until the grouping of each floor of the scissor staircase is completed and the corresponding staircase groups are formed. The horizontal area where the outer contour of a scissor staircase is located is divided into a first block group of the same size. The horizontal area where the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor are also divided into a second block group and a third block group of the same size. The first block group is collided with the second block group and the third block group. The overlap degree between the outer contour of the lower-floor scissor staircase and the outer contours of the two scissor staircases on the previous floor is determined based on the number of colliding blocks. Those with an overlap degree of less than 50% are considered as the same staircase group. The inspection module is used to determine the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point of the stairwell in each stair group. If the area of ​​operable windows at the highest point is greater than 1m², the module will be considered valid. 2 Furthermore, the overall building height is greater than 10m and the sum of the operable exterior windows or openings on every five floors is greater than 2m². 2 If the spacing between exterior windows or openings is less than 3 floors, it meets the first type of smoke prevention requirements for stairwells; otherwise, it is determined whether it meets the second type of smoke prevention requirements. If neither meets the requirements, the information that the stairwells of the building do not meet the smoke prevention standards is output.

6. The BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The staircase type identification module includes: The wall component identification module is used to identify information about each enclosed stairwell in the building, and to obtain the identity information of all wall components surrounding the two L-shaped stair components in the first-floor stairwell to form two corresponding wall component groups. The judgment module is used to determine the stair type in the stairwell as a scissor staircase when there are at least two wall components with the same identity information in two wall component groups, and otherwise determine the stair type in the stairwell as a non-scissor staircase.

7. The BIM-based stairwell smoke detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a second stair grouping module, which is used to determine whether there are connected underground components below the horizontal plane when the stairwell is a non-scissor stairwell. If so, the stairwell containing the underground components of the non-scissor stairwell is regarded as a stair group, and the non-scissor stairwells on each floor above the horizontal plane are regarded as a stair group respectively.

8. A BIM-based stairwell smoke detection device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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