A passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device and its usage method, which includes a fire extinguishing medium storage box. The fire extinguishing medium storage box has a cavity, and a spray pipe is inserted into the cavity. The upper end of the spray pipe is located inside the cavity, and the lower end of the spray pipe is located below the fire extinguishing medium storage box. When a fire occurs inside the container and the temperature rises, the saturated vapor pressure generated by the perfluoromethylcyclohexane in the fire extinguishing medium storage box can cause the internal pressure of the storage box to rise. When the temperature reaches a preset value, the thermosensitive blasting element ruptures, and the perfluoromethylcyclohexane in the storage box will be sprayed into the container through the spray pipe. Additionally, after the spray pipe is used up, the perfluoromethylcyclohexane in the storage box can still flow into the container through the concentration maintaining holes, which can maintain the gaseous perfluoromethylcyclohexane concentration inside the container within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, further enhancing the immersion fire extinguishing effect, and also making full use of the perfluoromethylcyclohexane in the storage box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] In the past decade, the overall loss of ships has decreased by 70%. It is generally believed that ship safety management and loss prevention programs have made progress in the long term. However, contrary to this trend, the number of container fires on container ships and roll-on / roll-off ships has increased significantly in the past decade.

[0003] The three main causes of common container fires are spontaneous combustion of charcoal ranked first, incorrect packaging and / or undeclared chemicals ranked second, and fires caused by batteries ranked third.

[0004] Due to the wide variety of container goods and the multi-layer stacking of the containers, as the scale of container ships has gradually increased from 10,000 TEU in 2005 to 20,000 TEU today and the increase in lithium battery-powered appliances, these problems have been continuously magnified.

[0005] A study in 2017 pointed out that systems originally developed to extinguish fires in general cargo ship holds have been proven unsuitable for container ships. Although containing the fire within a limited number of containers is still an approved method for extinguishing fires on container ships, the available equipment is often not suitable.

[0006] It is undoubtedly the best means for containers to be equipped with fire extinguishing devices to extinguish and control internal fires of the containers in the first place. The current perfluorinated hexanone internal container fire extinguishing technology, the perfluorinated hexanone heat-sensitive automatic fire extinguishing system generally consists of components such as a nitrogen-pressurized fire extinguishing agent bottle group, a solenoid valve, a driving device, a control system, a spraying system, a signal feedback device, and a detection system. It can be used in places where people often work and can also achieve local and full-space flooding fire extinguishing.

[0007] However, it has defects such as a complex system, low reliability, high manufacturing and maintenance costs, occupying the internal space of the container, and increasing safety hazards with battery power supply, and it is basically impossible to be used on sea containers. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main object of the present invention is to provide a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device and a method for using the same. By simplifying the structure of the fire extinguishing device with perfluorinated hexanone, it does not require electronic control, reduces the space occupied by the body, and at the same time reduces its cost. Further, it ensures that the perfluorinated hexanone in the fire extinguishing device can still be fully utilized in a complex environment and further optimizes the fire extinguishing effect.

[0009] The object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0010] A passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device includes a fire extinguishing medium storage box, which has a cavity. A spray pipe is inserted into the cavity. The upper end of the spray pipe is located within the cavity, and the lower end of the spray pipe is located below the fire extinguishing medium storage box. A first thermal blasting element is provided at the lower end of the spray pipe. Perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent is placed in the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box, and the original capacity height of the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the cavity is higher than the upper end face of the spray pipe. The fire extinguishing medium storage box is also penetrated by a number of concentration maintaining holes, which are respectively connected to the cavity and the external space of the fire extinguishing medium storage box. A second thermal blasting element is provided in the concentration maintaining holes, and the position where the concentration maintaining holes are located is lower than the position where the upper end face of the spray pipe is located.

[0011] Preferably, the channel includes upper and lower adjacent first and second channels, and the second channel has a frustum-shaped structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between the upper end face of the spray pipe and the bottom surface of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box is or

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the fire extinguishing medium storage boxes are provided, and they are all arranged inside the container.

[0014] Preferably, a number of the concentration maintaining holes are arranged at the edge of the cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the fire extinguishing medium storage box and its cavity are both in a cuboid structure, and a number of the concentration maintaining holes are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the cavity.

[0016] A method for using a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Arrange a plurality of fire extinguishing medium storage boxes inside the container;

[0018] Step 2: When there is an open fire or a hidden fire inside the container and the internal temperature reaches a preset temperature, the first thermal blasting element at the lower end of the spray pipe ruptures;

[0019] Step 3: The perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box enters from the upper end of the spray pipe and is sprayed downward in a fan shape from the lower end of the spray pipe to extinguish the fire, and the spraying is completed within 10 s;

[0020] Step 4: After the spraying through the spray pipe is completed or at the same time as the first thermal blasting element ruptures, the second thermal blasting element ruptures, and the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box flows outwards from the concentration maintaining holes;

[0021] Step 5: When the injection pipe is still in use after the first thermal explosion component ruptures, if the container tilts along with the hull, at this time, the fire extinguishing medium storage box also tilts, resulting in the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent being unable to enter from the upper end inlet of the injection pipe. However, the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box will continue to flow out through multiple concentration maintenance holes at the bottom edge of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box.

[0022] Advantageous technical effects of the present invention:

[0023] 1. When a fire occurs inside the container and the temperature rises, the saturated vapor pressure generated by the perfluorocyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing medium storage box can cause the internal pressure of the storage box to rise. When the temperature reaches the preset value, the thermal explosion component ruptures, and the perfluorocyclohexanone in the storage box will be ejected into the container through the injection pipe, achieving the fire extinguishing effect without the control of electronic components. This not only reduces the overall occupied space but also has a low cost. In addition, after the injection pipe is used up, the perfluorocyclohexanone in the storage box can still flow into the container through the concentration maintenance holes, maintaining the concentration of gaseous perfluorocyclohexanone inside the container within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, further enhancing the immersion fire extinguishing effect and making full use of the perfluorocyclohexanone in the storage box.

[0024] 2. In the method of using the fire extinguishing device provided by the present invention, no electronic control is required during fire extinguishing inside the container. Moreover, even if the container located on the hull tilts, causing the injection pipe to be unusable, the perfluorocyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing device can still flow into the container through the concentration maintenance holes 4, ensuring that the fire extinguishing device has a good fire extinguishing effect. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 Internal schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing medium storage box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing medium storage box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the container according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 Bottom view schematic diagram of the fire extinguishing medium storage box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1 - fire extinguishing medium storage box, 2 - container, 3 - injection pipe, 4 - concentration maintenance hole, 501 - first thermal explosion component, 502 - second thermal explosion component. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer and more definite to those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0031] As Figures 1-4 shown, the self - powered adaptive container fire - extinguishing device provided in this embodiment includes a fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1. There are multiple fire - extinguishing medium storage boxes 1, and they are all arranged inside the container 2. The fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1 has a cavity, and a spray pipe 3 is inserted into the cavity. The spray pipe 3 is a tubular structure. The upper end of the spray pipe 3 is located inside the cavity, and the upper end is the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone inlet, and the lower end is the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone outlet. The lower end of the spray pipe 3 is located below the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1, and a first thermal blasting element 501 is provided at the lower end of the spray pipe 3. Specifically, it is a thermal blasting material. When the surrounding temperature reaches the range of 70°C - 130°C, the thermal blasting element ruptures. Perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire - extinguishing agent is placed in the cavity of the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1, and the original capacity height of the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire - extinguishing agent in the cavity is higher than the upper - end end face of the spray pipe 3. When a fire occurs and the temperature rises inside the container 2, the saturated vapor pressure generated by the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone in the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1 causes the pressure inside the box to rise rapidly. When it reaches the preset temperature range (70°C - 130°C), the thermal blasting element ruptures, and the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire - extinguishing agent sprays outwards under the action of the internal pressure of the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1.

[0032] A number of concentration - maintaining holes 4 are also penetrated through the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1 and distributed along the bottom edge of the storage box. At least four concentration - maintaining holes 4 can be provided, which are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1. The concentration - maintaining holes 4 are respectively connected to the cavity and the external space of the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1. A second thermal blasting element 502 is provided in the concentration - maintaining holes 4. The position of the concentration - maintaining holes 4 is lower than the position of the upper - end end face of the spray pipe 3. The concentration - maintaining holes 4 and the spray pipe 3 can be used simultaneously or the concentration - maintaining holes 4 can be used after the spray pipe 3 has been used.

[0033] In this embodiment, the channel of the spray pipe 3 includes upper and lower adjacent first and second channels. The first channel is a cylindrical channel, and the second channel is a frustum - shaped structure with a small top and a large bottom. The perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire - extinguishing agent in the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1 enters the spray pipe 3 from the upper end of the spray pipe 3 and sprays downward in a fan - shaped manner from the lower end of the spray pipe 3 to extinguish the fire, and it is sprayed out within 10 s. The upper - end inlet end face of the spray pipe 3 is a certain distance above the bottom of the fire - extinguishing medium storage box 1 to ensure that a certain amount of perfluoromethylcyclohexanone remains for concentration maintenance after blasting and spraying.

[0034] In this embodiment, the distance between the upper end inlet end face of the injection pipe 3 and the bottom of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 can be one-third of the height of the internal space of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1. That is, after the thermal explosion element at the lower end of the injection pipe 3 ruptures, theoretically only two-thirds (or less than two-thirds) of the perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 will flow out of the injection pipe 3; the distance between the upper end inlet end face of the injection pipe 3 and the bottom of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 can be one-fifth of the height of the internal space of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1. Because the container has good airtightness, generally not too much supplementary dosage is required.

[0035] In this embodiment, a number of concentration maintenance holes 4 penetrate through the bottom of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1. The concentration maintenance holes 4 are sealed by the second thermal explosion element 502. The aperture of the concentration maintenance holes 4 is smaller than that of the injection pipe 3, and there is a spacing between adjacent concentration maintenance holes 4. The position of the concentration maintenance holes 4 is lower than the position of the upper end inlet end face of the injection pipe 3 inside the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1. The perfluorocyclohexanone that fails to be ejected from the injection pipe 3 will flow out of the above-mentioned concentration maintenance holes 4 to maintain the gaseous perfluorocyclohexanone concentration inside the container within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, further strengthening the immersion fire extinguishing effect.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 and its cavity are both in a cuboid structure. A number of concentration maintenance holes 4 at the bottom of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 are arranged at the bottom of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 and away from the center (i.e., the bottom corner of the cavity). In this way, when the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 is in an inclined state, the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 can be smoothly released to maintain the gaseous perfluorocyclohexanone concentration inside the container 2 within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, further strengthening the immersion fire extinguishing effect.

[0037] A method for using a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Arrange a plurality of fire extinguishing medium storage boxes 1 inside the container 2. The fire extinguishing medium storage boxes 1 are fixed on the container 2 and are easy to use both on the ship and on the shore;

[0039] Step 2: When there is an open fire or a hidden fire inside the container 2 and the internal temperature reaches a preset temperature, the first thermal explosion element 501 at the lower end of the injection pipe 3 ruptures. The preset temperature can be 70°C - 130°C. During the heating process, the saturated vapor pressure generated by the perfluorocyclohexanone in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 will cause the internal pressure of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 to rise rapidly. When the thermal explosion element bursts, the perfluorocyclohexanone will be ejected outward through the injection pipe 3;

[0040] Step 3: The perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 enters from the upper end of the injection pipe 3 and is sprayed downward in a fan shape from the lower end of the injection pipe 3 to extinguish the fire, and the spraying is completed within 10 seconds;

[0041] Step 4: After the spraying through the spray pipe 3 is completed or the first thermal explosive component 501 is ruptured, the second thermal explosive component 502 is ruptured, and the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 flows out from the concentration maintaining hole 4. Because there is a certain distance between the upper end of the spray pipe 3 and the bottom surface of the cavity, the fire extinguishing agent in the storage box cannot be discharged from the spray pipe 3 at one time. In addition, the aperture of the concentration maintaining hole 4 is smaller than that of the spray pipe 3, further ensuring that the fire extinguishing agent in the storage box will not be sprayed out at one time in a short period of time, so as to maintain the concentration of gaseous perfluorohexanone inside the container 2 within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, further enhancing the immersion fire extinguishing effect;

[0042] Step 5. When the injection pipe 3 is still in use after the first thermally sensitive explosive component 501 ruptures, if the container 2 tilts along with the tilt of the hull or is in other environments, the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 will also tilt, resulting in the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent being unable to enter from the upper end entrance of the injection pipe 3, but the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 will continue to flow out through the multiple concentration maintaining holes 4 at the bottom edge of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1, ensuring that when the container 2 tilts and the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 is also in a tilted state, even if the injection pipe 3 is affected and cannot be used, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 can still be smoothly released into the container 2 to ensure the fire extinguishing effect.

[0043] To sum up, in this embodiment, when the fire temperature of the fire extinguishing device provided in this embodiment occurs in the container 2, the saturated vapor pressure generated by the perfluorohexanone in the fire extinguishing medium storage box 1 can cause the internal pressure of the storage box to rise. When the temperature reaches the preset value, the thermal explosive component ruptures, and the perfluorohexanone in the storage box will be sprayed into the container 2 through the injection pipe 3, and the fire extinguishing effect can be achieved without the need for electronic component control, which not only reduces the overall occupied space but also has low cost. In addition, after the injection pipe 3 is used up, the perfluorohexanone in the storage box can still flow out into the container 2 through the concentration maintaining hole 4, which can maintain the gaseous perfluorohexanone concentration inside the container 2 within the optimal fire extinguishing concentration range for a long time, which can further enhance the immersion fire extinguishing effect and make full use of the perfluorohexanone in the storage box.

[0044] The above is only a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device, characterized in that: It includes a fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) which has a cavity. A spray pipe (3) is inserted into the cavity. The upper end of the spray pipe (3) is located inside the cavity, and the lower end of the spray pipe (3) is located below the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1). A first thermally sensitive bursting element (501) is provided at the lower end of the spray pipe (3). Perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent is placed in the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1), and the original capacity height of the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the cavity is higher than the upper end face of the spray pipe (3). A number of concentration maintaining holes (4) penetrate through the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1). The concentration maintaining holes (4) are respectively connected to the cavity and the external space of the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1). A second thermally sensitive bursting element (502) is provided in the concentration maintaining holes (4), and the position where the concentration maintaining holes (4) are located is lower than the position where the upper end face of the spray pipe (3) is located.

2. The passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel of the spray pipe (3) includes upper and lower adjacent first and second channels, and the second channel has a frustum-shaped structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom.

3. The self - contained adaptive container fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the upper end surface of the injection pipe (3) and the bottom surface of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) is 1 / 2 of the height of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1). .

4. The self - contained adaptive container fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the fire extinguishing medium storage boxes (1) are provided, and they are all used to be arranged inside a container (2).

5. The self - contained adaptive container fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of the concentration maintaining holes (4) are arranged at the edge of the cavity.

6. The self - contained adaptive container fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) and its cavity are both in a cuboid structure, and a number of the concentration maintaining holes (4) are respectively arranged at the bottom corners of the cavity.

7. A method for using a passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device, which is applied to the passive adaptive container fire extinguishing device described in any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Arrange a plurality of fire extinguishing medium storage boxes (1) inside a container (2). Step 2: When there is an open fire or a hidden fire inside the container (2), the internal temperature reaches a preset temperature, and the first thermally sensitive bursting element (501) at the lower end of the spray pipe (3) ruptures. Step 3: The perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) enters from the upper end of the spray pipe (3), and is sprayed downward in a fan shape from the lower end of the spray pipe (3) for fire extinguishing, and is sprayed out within 10 s. Step 4: After the spraying through the spray pipe (3) is completed or simultaneously when the first thermally sensitive bursting element (501) ruptures, the second thermally sensitive bursting element (502) ruptures, and the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) flows outwards from the concentration maintaining holes (4). Step 5: When the spray pipe (3) is still in use after the first thermally sensitive bursting element (501) ruptures, if the container (2) tilts along with the hull, at this time the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) also tilts, resulting in the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent being unable to enter from the upper end inlet of the spray pipe (3), but the perfluoromethylcyclohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1) will continue to flow outwards through a number of the concentration maintaining holes (4) at the bottom edge of the cavity of the fire extinguishing medium storage box (1).

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