A sanding device

Abstract

The present application provides a sanding device, comprising: a sanding chamber provided with a material passing hole for the outflow of the slurry; a filter element movably arranged at the material passing hole and having a filtering surface covering the material passing hole; a commutation mechanism for moving the filter element to replace the filtering surface covering the material passing hole, and / or flipping the filter element to interchange the feed side and the discharge side of the filtering surface; a discharge chamber arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole, with a discharge port formed on the chamber wall and the height of the discharge port being higher than the bottom wall of the discharge chamber, so that the slurry flushes the sanding medium on the filter element into the discharge chamber and falls to the chamber bottom, while the slurry flows out from the discharge port. After the filter screen is blocked, the sanding device can move the filter element to replace the used filtering surface, or flip the filter element to interchange its feed side and discharge side. The sanding medium falls and accumulates at the low position of the discharge chamber after being impacted by the slurry, while the slurry flows out from the discharge port at a relatively high position of the discharge chamber, effectively increasing the service life of the filter screen and reducing the number of times of stopping the machine to replace the filter screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sanding, and particularly relates to a sanding device. Background Art

[0002] In a sanding device, sanding media and materials (usually in the form of slurry, collectively referred to as slurry in this article) are mixed together for sanding. After the materials are crushed, the slurry is separated from the sanding media, and then the slurry flows out from the discharge hole. Since there will be a small amount of sanding media remaining in the slurry, a filter screen is usually provided at the discharge hole to filter the slurry and filter out the sanding media remaining in the slurry. However, this will cause the filter screen to be blocked by the sanding media. After the filter screen is blocked, it is not easy to clean and dredge. The dredging operation is cumbersome and time-consuming, resulting in the need to frequently stop the machine to dredge or replace the filter screen, seriously affecting the working efficiency of the sanding device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application is committed to providing a sanding device. After the filter screen is blocked, the filter element can be moved to replace the used filter surface, extending the service life of the filter element. Also, the filter element can be flipped so that the filter element is flipped to interchange its inlet and outlet sides. Then, the flow of the slurry can be used to impact the blocked filter surface to automatically dredge the filter screen. After being impacted, the sanding media falls to the bottom of the discharge cavity where the slurry flow rate is slower, while the slurry flows out from the discharge port at a higher position, realizing the separation of the two. In this way, the durability of the filter screen is enhanced, the filter screen is improved, the number of times of stopping the machine to replace the filter screen is reduced, and the sanding efficiency is increased, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the sanding device needs to frequently stop the machine to dredge or replace the filter screen, which affects the sanding efficiency.

[0004] The present application provides a sanding device, including:

[0005] A sanding cavity for crushing materials and provided with a material passing hole for the slurry to flow out;

[0006] A filter element movably arranged at the material passing hole and having a plurality of filter surfaces that can all cover the material passing hole;

[0007] A commutation mechanism for moving the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole, and / or flipping the filter element to interchange the inlet side and the outlet side of the filter surface;

[0008] A discharge cavity arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole, with a discharge port opened on the cavity wall and the height of the discharge port being higher than the bottom wall of the discharge cavity, so that the slurry flushes the sanding media on the filter element into the discharge cavity and falls to the bottom of the cavity, while the slurry flows out from the discharge port.

[0009] In a possible implementation, an aggregate chute is arranged in the discharge cavity, the notch of the aggregate chute is lower than the discharge port and the orifice of the material passing hole in the discharge cavity, and the bottom of the chute is lower than the bottom wall of the discharge cavity; and / or; a screen for intercepting the abrasive medium is laid at the discharge port.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the filter element has a central axis perpendicular to the axial direction of the material passing hole, and a plurality of the filter surfaces are arranged around the central axis. The commutation mechanism includes a rotating structure for rotating the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole; and / or, the filter element is formed with a first end and a second end in the axial direction of the material passing hole, and the commutation mechanism flips the filter element to change the arrangement order of the first end and the second end, so that the feed side and the discharge side of the filter surface are interchanged.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the filter element includes a cage-shaped filter screen integrally in a cylindrical shape, and at least the end faces at both axial ends of the cage-shaped filter screen form the filter surface; the commutation mechanism flips the filter element to interchange the arrangement order of the two axial ends of the filter element in the axial direction, so that the feed side and the discharge side of each filter surface are interchanged.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the filter element is inserted into the material passing hole and covers the material passing hole, and is driven by the commutation mechanism to move out of the material passing hole and rotate, or move into the material passing hole to cover the material passing hole.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the commutation mechanism includes:

[0014] A push-pull structure that drives the filter element to approach the material passing hole to cover the material passing hole, or move away from the material passing hole to enable rotation;

[0015] A one-way rotation structure that drives the filter element to rotate when the filter element moves away from the material passing hole, and cannot drive the filter element to rotate when the filter element approaches the material passing hole.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the push-pull structure includes a push-pull rod, and the filter element is rotatably connected to the push-pull rod through a rotating shaft.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the push-pull rod includes a rod body and a front fork. The front fork includes fork bodies arranged at intervals and distributed on both sides of the filter element. Rotating shafts are arranged on both sides of the filter element, and both sides are connected to the fork bodies through the rotating shafts.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the one-way rotation structure includes:

[0019] A ratchet wheel is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the filter element and is provided with a ratchet groove.

[0020] A ratchet bar is arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole and is laid on the moving path of the rotating shaft. The ratchet bar has a plurality of elastically telescopic ratchet teeth, so that after the push rod pulls the filter element away from the material passing hole, the ratchet wheel rolls along the ratchet bar to drive the filter element to rotate.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner, the one-way rotation structure includes:

[0022] A grooved gear is rotatably sleeved on a rotating shaft of the filter element, and a ratchet groove is arranged on an end face on the side close to the filter element.

[0023] A transmission disk is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The transmission disk is located between the grooved gear and the filter element. A ratchet member is arranged on an end face on the side close to the grooved gear, and the ratchet member elastically telescopically moves in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0024] A rack is arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole and is laid on the moving path of the rotating shaft, so that after the push rod pulls the filter element away from the material passing hole, the grooved gear rolls along the rack to drive the transmission disk to rotate, so as to drive the filter element to rotate.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, an orbit extending axially and for the rotating shaft to move in or out is arranged outside the material passing hole. The orbit is arranged between the material passing hole and the rack to support the filter element.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, a locking structure is further arranged on the push rod to lock the rotating shaft when the push rod drives the filter element close to the material passing hole, so as to prevent the filter element from rotating.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the locking structure includes a strip-shaped groove for the rotating shaft to insert and arranged along the moving direction of the filter element. The end of the strip-shaped groove far from the material passing hole is a locking end for preventing the rotating shaft from rotating, and the end close to the material passing hole is a rotating end for the rotating shaft to rotate. Along the direction gradually approaching the locking end, the cross section of the strip-shaped groove gradually shrinks, and the cross section of the locking end matches the cross section of the rotating shaft to clamp or tightly hold the rotating shaft.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the filter element further includes an annular support frame sleeved on the cage-shaped filter net. A stepped surface is provided in the material passing hole to axially abut against the support frame. A sealing member extending circumferentially and laid in an annular shape is provided on the support frame or the stepped surface, so that when the filter element is located in the material passing hole, a sealing structure is formed at the contact between the support frame and the material passing hole.

[0029] In a possible implementation, rotating shafts are provided at both axial ends of the filter element. Each filter surface arranged around the central axis includes an annular support frame border and a filter net laid in the frame holes. A stepped surface is provided in the material passing hole to axially abut against the outer end surface of the support frame border. A sealing member extending circumferentially and laid in an annular shape is provided on the outer end surface of the support frame border or the stepped surface, so that when each filter surface covers the material passing hole, the filter element can be in sealing abutment with the material passing hole.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the periphery of the filter net is connected to the support frame border and has a protruding section covering the frame holes of the support frame border. The protruding section protrudes outward from the support frame border to be inserted into the material passing hole.

[0031] In a possible implementation, a screen is provided at the discharge port. The screen is inclined. The notch of the aggregate trough is located below the discharge port and at least partially overlaps with the screen in the projection in the height direction.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the commutation mechanism is detachably arranged in the discharge cavity. An access door is provided on the discharge cavity to enable the filter element and the commutation mechanism to be taken out from the access door; the access door is opened at the bottom end of the notch of the aggregate trough.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the rod body of the push-pull rod includes a front rod and a rear rod that are hinged to each other. The front rod is used to be connected to the filter element, and the operating end of the rear rod extends out of the discharge cavity.

[0034] According to the sanding equipment provided by the present application, the filter element at the material passing hole is movably arranged and has multiple filter surfaces, each of which can cover the material passing hole. When one filter surface is blocked, the reversing mechanism moves the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole to continue filtering, enhancing the durability of the filter element and extending the service life of the filter element to reduce the number of times of stopping the machine to replace the filter element. It can also be that the reversing mechanism flips the filter element to interchange its feed side and discharge side. Or, during the process of moving the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole, the placement situation of the filter element at the material passing hole will change to the situation where the two ends of the filter element in the axial direction of the material passing hole are interchanged. At this time, the feed end and discharge end of the filter element are interchanged, and the feed side and discharge side of the filter surface are interchanged. Then, after the filter surface is turned over, it still filters the slurry. At the same time, the sanding medium stuck on the feed side of the filter surface is flipped into the discharge cavity on the discharge side, and under the flow impact of the slurry, it falls off from the filter surface and drops into the discharge cavity. Since the discharge port for the slurry to flow out of the discharge cavity is higher than the bottom wall of the cavity, the sanding medium itself is much larger and heavier than the crushed material particles, and the space in the discharge cavity is much larger than the narrow material passing hole, the flow rate of the slurry in the discharge cavity slows down. Then, the slurry cannot carry the sanding medium to flow, and the sanding medium will sink to the bottom of the cavity and accumulate at the bottom of the cavity, while the slurry will flow out from the discharge port at a higher position to achieve separation. With such a setting, the service life of the filter surface used for multiple replacements of the filter element can be extended. And when the filter element is in the position of being flipped 180 degrees, the side of the filter surface with the sanding medium stuck on it is flipped to the discharge cavity side, and it can be automatically unblocked by the flow impact of the slurry. Moreover, the sanding medium falling off from the filter element can also be separated from the slurry. Thus, the filter element can be used to filter the slurry for a long time, and only the sanding medium in the aggregate tank needs to be cleaned regularly. The operation is simple, and the durability of the filter element is enhanced, the filter element is improved, the number of times of stopping the machine to replace the filter element is significantly reduced, the sanding efficiency of the sanding equipment is improved, and the problem that the sanding equipment in the prior art needs to frequently stop the machine to unblock or replace the filter screen, which affects the sanding efficiency, is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The following shows the overall structural schematic diagram of the sanding equipment in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 The following shows a structural schematic diagram of a filter element in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 The following shows the structural schematic diagram of the reversing mechanism in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 The following shows the structural schematic diagram of the one-way rotation structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5The following is a schematic structural diagram in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 The following is a schematic diagram when replacing the filter element in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 The following is a second schematic structural diagram of the filter element in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 The following is a third schematic structural diagram of the filter element in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figures 1 - 8 :

[0044] 1. Machine body; 11. Sanding chamber; 12. Discharge chamber; 101. Material passing hole; 102. Step surface; 103. Discharge port; 104. Aggregate trough; 3. Filter element; 31. Cage-shaped filter screen; 32. Support frame; 311. Filter surface; 312. Support frame border; 321. Sealing ring; 33. Rotating shaft; 4. Push-pull rod; 41. Front fork; 42. Front rod; 43. Rear rod; 401. Strip-shaped groove; 4011. Locking end; 4012. Rotating end; 5. Track; 6. One-way rotating structure; 61. Grooved gear; 611. Ratchet tooth groove; 62. Ratchet tooth part; 63. Transmission disc; 64. Rack; 7. Maintenance door; 8. Screen mesh. Specific embodiments

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0046] Please refer to the appendix Figures 1 - 8, Embodiments of the present application provide a sanding device for pulverizing slurry. A sanding chamber 11 and a discharge chamber 12 are provided on the body 1 of the sanding device. The sanding chamber 11 and the discharge chamber 12 are connected through a material passing hole 101. The sanding chamber 11 is used for pulverizing materials. The sanding medium and the material in the form of slurry (hereinafter collectively referred to as slurry) are mixed and rotated in the sanding chamber 11. After the material is pulverized, the slurry is separated from the sanding medium, flows out of the sanding chamber 11 through the material passing hole 101, flows into the discharge chamber 12, and then flows out from the discharge port 103 of the discharge chamber 12 to complete the discharge. A filter element 3 is provided at the material passing hole 101. The filter element 3 has a plurality of filter surfaces 311. Each filter surface 311 includes a filter material such as a filter screen. Each filter surface 311 can cover the material passing hole 101, that is, it can be used independently to filter the flowing slurry and filter out the remaining sanding medium in the slurry (when the slurry flows from the sanding chamber 11 into the narrow material passing hole 101, the flow rate is relatively fast, and it will carry the remaining sanding medium to impact the filter element 3, so part of the sanding medium will be intercepted and fall back into the sanding chamber 11, and part of the sanding medium will get stuck on the filter surface 311, causing the filter surface 311 to be blocked). The material passing hole 101 can be opened on the side wall higher than the bottom wall of the sanding chamber 11, and the hole opening is higher than the bottom of the sanding chamber 11. In this way, after part of the sanding medium is intercepted by the filter element 3, it will directly fall to the cavity, avoiding accumulation at the filter element 3, enhancing the interception, reducing the probability of the filter element 3 being blocked, extending the time required for the filter element 3 to become blocked, that is, extending the service life of the filter element 3 and enhancing the durability of the filter element 3.

[0047] Meanwhile, in the present application, the filter element 3 is movably arranged at the material passing hole 101; a reversing mechanism is further arranged on the machine body 1, and the filter element 3 can be moved through the reversing mechanism to replace the filter surface 311 covering the material passing hole 101. In this way, the service life of the filter element can be effectively extended. Alternatively, the reversing mechanism can also directly flip (referring to a 180-degree rotation, and all flips in this article refer to rotations of 180 degrees) the filter element 3, so that the two sides or ends of the filter element 3 in the axial direction of the material passing hole are interchanged, that is, the feeding side and the discharging side are interchanged, and the feeding side and the discharging side of the filter surface 311 are also interchanged. When the filter surface 311 on the filter element 3 is blocked by a large amount of abrasive media, the filter element 3 is flipped through the reversing mechanism, so that the feeding side and the discharging side of the filter surface 311 are interchanged, that is, the feeding side becomes the discharging side, and the discharging side becomes the feeding side. Or, when the reversing mechanism moves the filter element 3 to replace the filter surface 311 covering the material passing hole 101, the position state of the filter element 3 at the material passing hole 101 will be changed. Sometimes, the filter element 3 will rotate 180 degrees compared with the initial position. For example, after changing the position two or several times, the placement state of the filter element 3 at the material passing hole 101 is flipped 180 degrees compared with the initial position state, and the two ends in the axial direction of the material passing hole are interchanged. The end closer to the grinding chamber 11 in the original position becomes the end closer to the discharging chamber 12, and the end closer to the discharging chamber 12 in the original position becomes the end closer to the grinding chamber 11. The feeding side of the filter surface 311 becomes the discharging side, and the discharging side becomes the feeding side.

[0048] For example, the slurry flows from left to right. The left side of the filter surface 311 is the feeding side and the right side is the discharging side. When the abrasive media is carried by the slurry and flows through the filter element 3, it is intercepted by the filter surface 311, gets stuck on the filter surface 311, and is located at a position to the left of the filter surface 311. After the reversing structure flips the filter element 3, the right side of the filter surface 311 is the feeding side and the left side is the discharging side, and it still covers the material passing hole 101 to filter the slurry. The abrasive media stuck on the left surface of the filter surface 311 is transferred into the discharging chamber 12, and then falls off from the filter element 3 and drops into the discharging chamber 12 under the impact of the flow of the slurry.

[0049] The discharging chamber 12 is arranged on the discharging side of the material passing hole 101, and a discharging port 103 is provided on the chamber wall. The orifice of the discharging port 103 is higher than the inner bottom wall of the discharging chamber 12. When the slurry flows into the discharging chamber 12, the inner space of the discharging chamber 12 is much larger than the material passing hole 101, and the speed of the slurry will slow down. In addition, the abrasive media is much larger and heavier than the pulverized material particles. Therefore, after the abrasive media falls into the discharging chamber 12, the slurry can no longer carry the abrasive media and flow at the same speed. The abrasive media will sink to the bottom of the discharging chamber 12 and accumulate at the lowest point, while the slurry flows out through the discharging port 103 at a higher position and cannot carry the abrasive media to the discharging port 103. In this way, the separation of the slurry and the abrasive media is completely realized.

[0050] It can be seen that in the present application, by providing a commutation mechanism, a movable filter element 3, and a discharge chamber 12, the filter element 3 can be moved to adjust its position state, and the filter surface 311 used can be replaced multiple times, thereby extending the service life. Moreover, when the filter element 3 is in the position where it is flipped 180 degrees, the side of the filter surface 311 with the abrasive medium stuck on it is flipped to the side of the discharge chamber 12, and it can be automatically dredged by the impact of the flow of the slurry. The abrasive medium that falls from the filter element 3 into the discharge chamber 12 can be separated from the slurry without filtration. Thus, the filter element 3 can be used to filter the slurry for a long time, and only the abrasive medium in the discharge chamber needs to be cleaned regularly. The operation is simple, and the durability of the filter element 3 is enhanced. The number of times of stopping the machine to replace the filter element 3 is significantly reduced, and the grinding efficiency of the grinding equipment is improved. The overall concept is ingenious. Through the cooperation of multiple structures, the problem in the prior art that the grinding equipment needs to stop frequently to dredge or replace the filter screen, which affects the grinding efficiency, is solved.

[0051] Furthermore, an aggregate trough 104 is provided in the discharge chamber 12, and the notch of the aggregate trough 104 is lower than the discharge port 103. For example, the aggregate trough 104 can be opened at the bottom of the discharge chamber 12 or at a position close to the bottom. Preferably, the bottom of the aggregate trough 104 is lower than the bottom wall of the discharge chamber 12. In this way, after the abrasive medium falls into the discharge chamber 12, it will sink to the bottom of the discharge chamber 12, and then will roll into the lower aggregate trough 104 and accumulate in the aggregate trough 104 under the push of the slowly flowing slurry, and is separated from the main flow of the slurry flowing towards the discharge port 103, and the slurry flows out through the discharge port 103 at a higher position. In this way, the separation of the slurry and the abrasive medium is completely achieved.

[0052] The notch of the aggregate trough 104 can also be lower than the orifice of the material passing hole 101. That is, in the discharge chamber 12, the orifices of the material passing hole 101 and the discharge port 103 are both opened on the chamber side wall and are higher than the bottom wall of the chamber, while the notch of the aggregate trough 104 is lower than the orifices of the material passing hole 101 and the discharge port 103 (referring to the orifices on the chamber wall of the discharge chamber 12), and the bottom of the trough is lower than the bottom wall of the discharge chamber 12.

[0053] Moreover, a screen 8 for intercepting the abrasive medium can be laid at the discharge port 103 to perform the last stage of filtration on the slurry. If a small amount of abrasive medium does not enter the aggregate tank 104 but is carried by the slurry flow to the discharge port 103, it will be intercepted by the screen 8, fall back into the discharge chamber 12, sink towards the chamber bottom, and then fall into the aggregate tank 104. With such a setting, it can effectively ensure that all the residual abrasive medium in the slurry is filtered out. The mesh number of the screen 8 can be higher than that of the filter mesh on the filter element 3 to intercept the abrasive medium and prevent the abrasive medium from being stuck. And even if some abrasive medium is stuck on the screen 8, since the slurry has been filtered once, the slurry flowing to the discharge port 103 contains only a small amount of abrasive medium even if it contains abrasive medium. The amount of the abrasive medium itself is small, and most of it will not be stuck, so the screen 8 will not be easily blocked. Compared with the filter element 3, it is more durable and has a longer service life. After long-term use, it can be cleaned or replaced. Moreover, the discharge port 103 extends to the outer wall of the abrasive equipment, and the screen 8 can be directly disassembled and replaced at the discharge port 103, with simple operation.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 shown, the discharge port 103 is inclined, and the screen 8 is also inclined. The notch of the aggregate tank 104 is located below the discharge port 103, and at least part of the projection of the notch in the height direction overlaps with the screen 8. With such a setting, when the abrasive medium in the slurry is intercepted by the screen 8, it can directly fall into the aggregate tank 104.

[0055] In some embodiments, the aggregate tank 104 is axially inclined relative to the discharge chamber 12, and the notch is also inclined. For example, as Figure 1 shown. In this way, the notch has a certain extension in height, which is more convenient for the abrasive medium to enter.

[0056] In some embodiments, the filter surface 311 of the filter element 3 can be provided with at least two layers of filter meshes. In this way, the abrasive medium can be better stuck, and during filtration, the abrasive medium can be better stuck on the feed side, so that after flipping, the stuck abrasive medium is located in the discharge chamber 12. After being impacted by the slurry, it can fall off from the filter element 3 and fall into the discharge chamber 12, optimizing the dredging effect on the filter element 3.

[0057] The commutation mechanism is arranged in the discharge chamber 12, which is more convenient for moving and / or flipping the filter element 3 and will not affect the crushing operation in the grinding chamber 11.

[0058] An access door 7 for replacing the filter element 3 is provided on the sanding equipment, so that the operator can remove the filter element 3. The access door 7 can also be opened on the discharge chamber 12, so that it is more convenient to disassemble and remove the filter element 3. The filter element 3 is driven by a commutation mechanism to move, so as to realize position changes such as flipping, and re-covering the material passing hole 101. Therefore, usually the filter element 3 is connected to the end of the commutation mechanism. When the filter element 3 needs to be replaced, only the filter element 3 can be disassembled, for example, the filter element 3 is detachably connected to the commutation mechanism, or the filter element 3 and the commutation mechanism can be removed as a whole, for example, the commutation mechanism is detachably arranged on the sanding equipment. Further, the access door 7 can be opened at the bottom of the aggregate tank 104, so that it is also more convenient to clean the abrasive medium in the aggregate tank 104.

[0059] To facilitate replacing the filter surface 311 or directly flipping the filter element 3, the filter element 3 has a three-dimensional structure and a central axis, and a plurality of filter surfaces 311 are arranged around the central axis. The commutation mechanism includes a rotating structure and drives the filter element 3 to rotate, so that the filter element 3 rotates around its own central axis, and thus the filter surface 311 covering the material passing hole 101 can be replaced. When the rotation angle is 180 degrees compared to the initial position, it is equivalent to the filter element 3 being flipped (it should be noted that in this embodiment, the central axis of the filter element is perpendicular to the axial direction of the material passing hole 101). Alternatively, the filter element 3 has a first end and a second end in the axial direction of the material passing hole 101. If the commutation mechanism directly flips the filter element 3, such as directly rotating the filter element 3 by 180 degrees, the arrangement order of the first end and the second end in the axial direction of the material passing hole 101 will be changed, so that the feed side and the discharge side of the filter surface 311 covering the material passing hole 101 are interchanged. In a preferred embodiment, the filter element 3 can be a hollow polyhedron structure with a plurality of symmetrically arranged end faces, and each end face can form a filter surface. In this way, the filter surface 311 covering the material passing hole 101 can be rotated and replaced, or the filter element 3 can be directly flipped.

[0060] After the position state of the filter element 3 changes, it will also be pressed against the material passing hole 101, so that the filter surface 311 covers the material passing hole 101. Therefore, in some embodiments, to enhance the covering of the filter element 3 on the material passing hole 101 and the sealing between the inner wall of the material passing hole 101 and the filter element 3, the filter element 3 is inserted into the material passing hole 101 to cover the material passing hole 101, and moves out of the material passing hole 101 under the drive of the commutation mechanism to change the position state, and then re-enters the material passing hole 101 under the drive of the commutation mechanism to cover the material passing hole 101. In this way, the filter element 3 can tightly cover the material passing hole 101, avoiding a large gap between the outer wall of the filter element 3 and the inner wall of the material passing hole 101.

[0061] Of course, in other embodiments, the filter element 3 can also cover the orifice outside the material passing hole 101, for example, located in the sanding chamber 11 or the discharge chamber 12, and directly abuts against the chamber wall to cover the material passing hole 101.

[0062] When the commutation mechanism rotates the filter element 3, it will first move the filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101, and then rotate or directly turn over the filter element 3. For example, the axial arrangement order of the two axial ends of the filter element 3 is interchanged axially, so that the feeding side and the discharging side of each filter surface 311 are interchanged. Then, the filter element 3 is inserted into the material passing hole 101 to cover the material passing hole 101.

[0063] The commutation mechanism includes a push-pull structure that drives the filter element 3 to move closer to or away from the material passing hole 101 and a rotation structure that rotates the filter element 3. The push-pull structure can be various structures that drive the filter element 3 to reciprocate linearly along the axis, and the rotation structure can be various structures that drive the filter element 3 to rotate.

[0064] The push-pull structure drives the filter element 3 to approach the material passing hole 101 to cover the material passing hole 101, or to move away from the material passing hole 101 to enable rotation. The rotation structure can be set as a one-way rotation structure 6, that is, when the filter element 3 moves away from the material passing hole 101, it drives the filter element 3 to rotate, and when the filter element 3 approaches the material passing hole 101, it cannot drive the filter element 3 to rotate. In this way, during the process of inserting the filter element 3 into the material passing hole 101 after rotating the filter element 3, the filter element 3 can be prevented from rotating and skewing in angle, and the phenomenon that it cannot be smoothly inserted into the material passing hole 101 can be prevented.

[0065] In order to facilitate insertion into the material passing hole 101 and tightly cover the material passing hole 101, in some embodiments, the filter element 3 is integrally cylindrical and includes a cage-shaped filter screen 31 in a cylindrical shape. At least the end faces at both axial ends of the cage-shaped filter screen 31 form the above-mentioned filter surface 311. When the slurry flows out of the material passing hole 101, it needs to pass through at least two layers of filter surfaces 311 to enhance the filtering effect. The axis of the cage-shaped filter screen 31 in a cylindrical shape is consistent with the axis of the material passing hole 101, and the cage-shaped filter screen 31 is inserted into the material passing hole 101 and is hermetically connected to the material passing hole 101 (that is, the connection part is hermetically arranged). The circumferential surface of the cage-shaped filter screen 31 between the two end faces is close to or in contact with the inner wall of the material passing hole 101. When the length of the cage-shaped filter screen 31 is greater than the length of the material passing hole 101, its circumferential surface is also formed by the filter screen, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, so that the circumferential surface exposed outside the material passing hole 101 also forms the filter surface 311. With such a setting, not only can it be hermetically connected to the material passing hole 101, but also the area of the filter surface 311 is large, the filtering effect is good, and the durability is stronger, which can extend the service life of the filter element 3. Of course, when the filter element 3 includes a cage-shaped filter screen 31, the commutation mechanism needs to drive the filter element 3 to turn over to change the position state of the filter element 3.

[0066] In some embodiments, the push-pull structure includes or is a push rod, which is connected to the filter element 3. The filter element 3 is rotatably connected to the push-pull rod 4 through a rotating shaft 33. With such a setting, the structure is simple. After the filter element 3 is pulled out of the material passing hole 101 by the push-pull rod 4, the filter element 3 can be directly flipped, and then the filter element 3 can be pushed back into the material passing hole 101.

[0067] The rotating shaft 33 is provided on one side or both sides of the filter element 3, and the filter element 3 is rotatably connected to the push-pull rod 4 through the rotating shaft 33. As Figure 3 shown, the push-pull rod 4 includes a rod body and a front fork 41 connected to the end of the rod body. The front fork 41 includes fork bodies arranged at intervals and on both sides of the filter element 3. The rotating shafts 33 are provided on both sides of the filter element 3, and both sides are connected to the fork bodies on this side through the rotating shafts 33. In this way, the filter element 3 is stably rotatably arranged on the push-pull rod 4, and the angle will not be skewed during flipping.

[0068] The filter element 3 further includes a support frame 32 sleeved outside the cage-shaped filter screen 31. The support frame 32 is integrally annular, and the cage-shaped filter screen 31 is inserted into the inner ring hole of the support frame 32. The rotating shafts 33 are provided on both sides in the radial direction of the support frame 32. During rotation, the cage-shaped filter screen 31 and the support frame 32 rotate integrally around the axis of the rotating shaft 33. With such a setting, a sealing setting is made at the connection between the cage-shaped filter screen 31 and the support frame 32. For example, the circumferential surface of the cage-shaped filter screen 31 and the inner wall of the support frame 32 are hermetically attached, or an annular sealing ring is provided between the two, or sealed with sealant, and a sealing setting is made at the contact between the support frame 32 and the material passing hole 101. In this way, when the filter element 3 is inserted into the material passing hole 101, a sealed connection with the material passing hole 101 can be achieved.

[0069] As Figure 2 shown, an annular sealing member extending in the circumferential direction, such as a sealing ring 321, is provided on the support frame 32 or the inner wall of the material passing hole 101. The outer wall of the support frame 32 abuts against the inner wall of the material passing hole 101, and the sealing ring 321 is provided at the abutting position. To facilitate the entry and exit of the support frame 32 or the filter element 3 into and out of the material passing hole 101, a stepped surface 102 is provided in the material passing hole 101. For example, as Figure 1 shown, the material passing hole 101 is integrally stepped, being a stepped shaft. Its stepped surface 102 is used to abut against the end surface in the axial direction (abbreviated as the axial end surface) of the support frame 32, and the sealing ring 321 can be provided on the stepped surface 102 or the axial end surface of the support frame 32.

[0070] With such a setting, on the one hand, when the filter element 3 is in the material passing hole 101, the support frame 32 can be in close contact with the material passing hole 101, that is, a sealing structure is formed at the contact between the support frame 32 and the material passing hole 101. Moreover, compared with the close contact setting in the radial direction, when setting the close contact in the axial direction, the size of the support frame 32 does not need to be too closely matched with the cross-sectional size of the material passing hole 101, which can ensure that the support frame 32 can smoothly enter and exit the material passing hole 101 multiple times. On the other hand, since the rotating shaft 33 is arranged on both radial sides of the support frame 32, and the end face of the support frame 32 in the axial direction is in abutting and close contact with the material passing hole 101 in the axial direction, only this one dynamic seal between the end face of the support frame 32 and the step surface 102 of the material passing hole 101 needs to be set. The rotating shaft 33 is located downstream of the sealed part, so there is no need for sealing, that is, no other dynamic seals need to be set in the whole structure. The structure is simple and the sealing effect is good, avoiding the complexity of the structure or poor sealing due to too many sealed parts. On the third hand, abutting in the axial direction can also play a role in limiting the position, and the filter element 3 can be accurately positioned in the material passing hole 101, preventing the position from being difficult to control when inserting the filter element 3.

[0071] As Figure 2 shown, sealing rings 321 are arranged on both end faces of the support frame 32 in the axial direction. In this way, after the filter element 3 is flipped, it can also be in close contact with the step surface 102 of the material passing hole 101.

[0072] The rotating shaft 33 protrudes on both sides of the support frame 32. It can be that the size of the material passing hole 101 is relatively large and can accommodate the rotating shaft 33. Or, a sliding groove for the rotating shaft 33 to enter and exit is opened on the hole wall of the material passing hole 101 to accommodate the rotating shaft 33. The shaft section of the material passing hole 101 with a relatively large size is also the shaft section for accommodating the support frame 32, and its cross-sectional shape can be square. For example, the support frame 32 is square.

[0073] In some embodiments, the filter element 3 can also be a three-dimensional member with a central axis and a polygonal cross-section. Rotating shafts 33 are arranged at both axial ends to be connected with the push-pull rod 4. The end faces at both axial ends can be filter faces or solid board faces. And the multiple faces arranged around the central axis are all filter faces 311 (such as a cube, a cuboid, or). Each filter face 311 can be aligned with the material passing hole 101 and cover the material passing hole 101. By rotating the filter element 3 by the reversing mechanism (the rotated angle is determined according to the number of filter faces in the circumferential direction of the filter element), the filter face 311 used to cover the material passing hole 101 can be replaced.

[0074] As Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, each filter surface 311 is provided with an annular support frame 312 and a filter screen laid in the frame hole, and a step surface 102 is provided in the feed hole 101 to abut against the outer end surface of the support frame 312 in the axial direction. A sealing member, such as a sealing ring, is provided on the outer end surface or the step surface 102 of the support frame 312 and is laid in an annular shape and extends circumferentially. When the push-pull rod 4 pulls the filter element 3 out of the feed hole 101 and rotates an angle, a new filter surface 311 is rotated to a position opposite to the feed hole 101, and then the filter element 3 is pushed back into the feed hole 101, the support frame 312 on the new filter surface abuts against the step surface 102, squeezing the sealing ring 321 to seal the connection. In this way, when any filter surface 311 on the filter element 3 covers the feed hole 101, the filter element 3 can be sealed and abutted against the feed hole 101.

[0075] In a further embodiment, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the periphery of the filter screen is connected to the support frame 312, and has a protruding section covering the frame hole of the support frame 312, and the protruding section protrudes from the support frame 312 to be inserted into the feed hole 101. In this way, the filter element 3 with a polyhedral structure can not only be inserted into the wide section of the feed hole 101 and abut against the step surface 102, but also its filter surface 311 for covering the feed hole 101 can be inserted into the narrow section of the feed hole 101, thereby enhancing the stability of the filter element 3 in the feed hole 101 and also enhancing the filtering stability.

[0076] The raised section may be a cylindrical structure, an arc-shaped structure, or other shapes that protrude from the supporting frame 312 .

[0077] The power for driving the push-pull rod 4 to move can be applied manually or by a power member. Figure 1 As shown, the operating end of the push-pull rod 4 can be extended out of the discharge chamber 12, so as to facilitate manual pushing to apply the push-pull power. For example, the rod body of the push-pull rod 4 includes a front rod 42 and a rear rod 43 which are hinged to each other, the front rod 42 is connected to the filter element 3, that is, the front rod 42 is connected to the front fork 41, one end of the rear rod 43 is hinged to the front rod 42, and the other end forms the operating end, which extends out of the discharge chamber 12 through the through hole on the discharge chamber 12.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, for the convenience of manual operation, the through hole can be located on the top wall of the discharge chamber 12, and the operating end of the rear rod 43 extends from the top wall of the discharge chamber 12 and is located above the top wall of the sand mill. To prevent the push rod from falling, a hinge shaft can be connected to the discharge chamber 12 to support the rear rod 43, or the operating end of the rear rod 43 is provided with an anti-slip boss to prevent it from slipping out of the through hole and falling into the discharge chamber 12. Of course, power can also be applied by connecting the operating end of the push-pull rod 4 through a power member such as a cylinder. To prevent moisture, the power member is also arranged outside the cavity of the sand mill.

[0079] The articulated shaft can be fixed in the discharge chamber 12, and both the front rod 42 and the rear rod 43 are detachably connected to the articulated shaft, for example, sleeved on the articulated shaft. When replacing the filter element 3, there is no need to disassemble the articulated shaft. Just disassemble the front rod 42 and remove the front rod 42 and the filter element 3 as a whole. Alternatively, the articulated shaft is detachably connected to the discharge chamber 12. When disassembling, directly disassemble the articulated shaft and then remove the entire push-pull rod 4 and the filter element 3 together, as Figure 6 shown.

[0080] The one-way rotation structure 6 only rotates the filter element 3 after the filter element 3 leaves the material passing hole 101. When the filter element 3 moves towards the direction close to the material passing hole 101 and is reinserted into the material passing hole 101, it will not drive the filter element 3 to rotate. In some embodiments, the one-way rotation structure 6 includes a rack 64 and a transmission disk 63, as Figures 1 - 4 shown. The grooved gear 61 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 33 and is rotatably arranged relative to the rotating shaft 33, while the transmission disk 63 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 33 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33. Tooth teeth are arranged on the circumferential surface of the grooved gear 61, and a ratchet groove 611 is arranged on the end surface close to the filter element 3, as Figure 5 shown. The transmission disk 63 is located between the grooved gear 61 and the filter element 3, and a ratchet member 62 is arranged on the end surface of the transmission disk 63 facing the grooved gear 61. The ratchet member 62 is elastically telescopic along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 33. When the grooved gear 61 rotates forward (such as clockwise), the ratchet member 62 will extend into the ratchet groove 611 and abut against the groove side wall of the ratchet groove 611 to achieve meshing with the transmission disk 63 and drive the transmission disk 63 to rotate, smoothly performing transmission. The grooved gear 61 drives the transmission disk 63 to rotate, and then the rotating shaft 33 rotates. When the grooved gear 61 rotates in the reverse direction (such as counterclockwise), the ratchet member 62 cannot mesh with the ratchet groove 611, the grooved gear 61 cannot drive the transmission disk 63 to rotate, the rotating shaft 33 does not move, and the grooved gear 61 rotates on its own on the rotating shaft 33.

[0081] The rack 64 is laid outside the material passing hole 101, located in the discharge chamber 12, on the moving path when the grooved gear 61 moves away from the material passing hole 101, and has a spacing from the material passing hole 101, so that after the whole filter element 3 is removed from the material passing hole 101, the grooved gear 61 will move onto the rack 64, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown. A track 5 is arranged between the rack 64 and the material passing hole 101. A long hole or long slot extending axially and for the rotating shaft 33 to move in or out is arranged on the track 5 to support the filter element 3.

[0082] During the process of the push-pull rod 4 pulling the filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101, after the rotating shaft 33 moves out of the material passing hole 101, it moves into the track 5 and is supported by the track 5. When the push-pull rod 4 pulls the entire filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101, the rotating shaft 33 moves out of the track 5 and moves onto the rack 64. Therefore, when the push-pull rod 4 continues to pull the filter element 3 in the direction away from the material passing hole 101, the grooved gear 61 will roll on the rack 64. Setting the rotation of the grooved gear 61 in the direction away from the material passing hole 101 as the above-mentioned forward rotation will drive the transmission disc 63 to rotate, that is, the rotating shaft 33 to rotate, thereby driving the filter element 3 to rotate (it can be flipped 180 degrees, or it can rotate a small angle to replace the filter surface opposite to the material passing hole). When the push-pull rod 4 pushes the filter element 3 to move back, the grooved gear 61 rotates on the rack 64, but does not drive the transmission disc 63 to rotate, so the rotating shaft 33 and the filter element 3 do not rotate either.

[0083] With such a setting, the overall structure is simple. Only by pushing and pulling the filter element 3 can the two operations of moving the filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101 and rotating the filter element 3 be realized, and there is no need to set additional rotational power. It can not only streamline the structure and save costs, but also avoid setting power components in the cavity, preventing the structure from being too cumbersome due to the need for more sealing and isolation settings.

[0084] The length of the rack 64 is determined according to the distance that the grooved gear 61 needs to rotate when the filter element 3 rotates by the required angle, such as 90 degrees or 180 degrees. When the filter element 3 rotates in place, for example, after being flipped 180 degrees, the grooved gear 61 just rolls to the end of the rack 64, preventing the filter element 3 from rotating excessively.

[0085] Certainly, a blocking member, such as a blocking block, can be provided at the end of the rack 64. When the grooved gear 61 rolls to abut against the blocking member, the filter element 3 just rotates by the required angle, preventing the grooved gear 61 from rolling excessively and the filter element 3 from rotating excessively. The operator who performs the pushing and pulling can also intuitively and accurately know that the filter element 3 has finished rotating when encountering resistance during pulling.

[0086] The elastic telescopic setting of the ratchet member 62 can be that the end of the ratchet member 62 is connected to the main body of the transmission disc 63 through a compression spring to achieve elastic telescoping through the spring. Or, the ratchet member 62 is a spring piece, as Figure 2 shown, when the grooved gear 61 rotates forward, it engages into the ratchet groove, and when the grooved gear 61 rotates backward, it cannot engage into the ratchet groove. This is the existing structure of the ratchet and ratchet member 62, which will not be elaborated here.

[0087] In some embodiments, the unidirectional rotation structure 6 may also only include a gear and a rack 64, without providing a transmission disc 63. At the same time, the rack 64 is movably arranged. When the filter element 3 rotates and moves towards the material passing hole 101, the rack 64 moves away, thus preventing the rotating shaft 33 from rotating. The movable arrangement of the rack 64 can be achieved by another push rod, which can lift the rack 64 to move to a position for the gear to roll, or can lower it to avoid, and the push rod can be vertically arranged and also extend the operating end out of the discharge cavity 12.

[0088] In still some other embodiments, the unidirectional rotation structure 6 includes a ratchet and a ratchet bar. The ratchet is sleeved on the rotating shaft 33 of the filter element 3, and circumferentially arranged ratchet tooth grooves are provided on the circumferential surface; a plurality of elastically telescopic ratchet teeth are arranged along the length direction of the ratchet bar, and the arrangement position of the ratchet bar is the same as the position of the rack 64 in the above embodiments, laid outside the material passing hole 101, on the moving path when the ratchet moves away from the material passing hole 101, and at a distance from the material passing hole 101, so that after the whole filter element 3 is moved out of the material passing hole 101, the ratchet will move onto the ratchet bar. A track 5 is provided between the ratchet bar and the material passing hole 101 to support the filter element 3.

[0089] During the process that the push rod 4 pulls the filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101, after the rotating shaft 33 moves out of the material passing hole 101, it moves into the track 5 and is supported by the track 5. When the push rod 4 pulls the whole filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101, the rotating shaft 33 moves out of the track 5 and moves onto the ratchet bar. Therefore, when the push rod 4 continues to pull the filter element 3 to move away from the material passing hole 101, the ratchet will roll on the ratchet bar and drive the filter element 3 to rotate through the rotating shaft 33.

[0090] A plurality of elastically telescopic ratchet teeth are arranged along the length direction of the ratchet bar. When the ratchet moves away from the material passing hole 101, the ratchet teeth will engage with the ratchet tooth grooves on the ratchet, prompting the ratchet to rotate. When the ratchet moves towards the material passing hole 101, the ratchet teeth cannot push the ratchet to rotate.

[0091] Similarly, the length of the ratchet bar is determined according to the distance that the ratchet needs to rotate when the filter element 3 rotates through the required angle. A blocking member can also be provided at the end of the ratchet bar.

[0092] In some embodiments, a locking structure is also provided on the push rod 4 to lock the rotating shaft 33 when approaching the material passing hole 101 with the filter element 3, so as to prevent the filter element 3 from rotating.

[0093] Specifically, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the locking structure includes a strip-shaped groove 401 for the rotating shaft 33 to be inserted and arranged along the moving direction of the filter element 3. One end of the strip-shaped groove 401 far from the material passing hole 101 is a locking end 4011 for preventing the rotating shaft 33 from rotating, and one end close to the material passing hole 101 is a rotating end 4012 for the rotating shaft 33 to rotate. Along the direction gradually approaching the locking end 4011, the cross-section of the strip-shaped groove 401 gradually shrinks, and the cross-section of the locking end 4011 is matched with the cross-section of the rotating shaft 33 to clamp or tightly hold the rotating shaft 33. The cross-sectional dimension of the rotating end 4012 is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the rotating shaft 33, and the diameter or the length and width are both larger than the diameter or the diagonal length of the rotating shaft 33. For example, the rotating shaft 33 is a square shaft, the locking end 4011 is in the shape of a square hole, and the rotating end 4012 is in the shape of a circular hole with a diameter larger than the diagonal of the rotating shaft 33.

[0094] When the push-pull rod 4 pulls the filter element 3, the push-pull rod 4 moves in a direction away from the material passing hole 101, and the strip-shaped groove 401 moves relative to the rotating shaft 33, so that the rotating shaft 33 enters the rotating end of the strip-shaped groove 401. Then the push-pull rod 4 pulls the filter element 3 out of the material passing hole 101. Under the action of the one-way rotating structure 6, the rotating shaft 33 rotates, causing the filter element 3 to rotate. Then the push-pull rod 4 pushes the filter element 3 to move back, moving in a direction close to the material passing hole 101. The strip-shaped groove 401 moves relative to the rotating shaft 33, so that the rotating shaft 33 enters the locking end of the strip-shaped groove 401, preventing the rotating shaft 33 from rotating. Then the push-pull rod 4 pushes the filter element 3 to move horizontally and inserts the filter element 3 into the material passing hole 101. With such a setting, there is no need to set a power component to lock or unlock the rotating shaft 33, and it does not occupy space volume, which is very convenient for application.

[0095] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in combination with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations. It cannot be considered that these advantages, advantages, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above-disclosed specific details are only for the purpose of illustration and easy understanding, rather than limitations. The above details do not limit the present application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to implement.

[0096] The components and devices involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and do not intend to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the drawings. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these components and devices can be connected, arranged, and configured in any way. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The word "or" and "and" used here refer to the word "and / or", and can be used interchangeably with each other, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used here refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other.

[0097] It should also be noted that in the devices and equipment of the present application, each component can be disassembled and / or recombined. These disassembly and / or recombination shall be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0098] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0099] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub - combinations thereof.

[0100] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sanding device, characterized in that, Comprising: A sanding chamber for crushing materials and provided with a material passing hole for the slurry to flow out; A filter element movably arranged at the material passing hole and having a plurality of filter surfaces capable of covering the material passing hole; A reversing mechanism for moving the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole, and / or flipping the filter element to interchange the feed side and the discharge side of the filter surface; A discharge chamber arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole, with a discharge port formed on the chamber wall and the height of the discharge port being higher than the bottom wall of the discharge chamber, so that the slurry flushes the abrasive medium on the filter element into the discharge chamber and falls to the chamber bottom, while the slurry flows out from the discharge port; Wherein, the filter element has a central axis perpendicular to the axial direction of the material passing hole, and the plurality of filter surfaces are arranged around the central axis, and the reversing mechanism includes a rotating structure for rotating the filter element to replace the filter surface covering the material passing hole; And / or, the filter element forms a first end and a second end in the axial direction of the material passing hole, and the reversing mechanism flips the filter element to change the arrangement order of the first end and the second end, so that the feed side and the discharge side of the filter surface are interchanged.

2. The sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An aggregate trough is arranged in the discharge chamber, the notch of the aggregate trough is lower than the discharge port and the orifice of the material passing hole in the discharge chamber, and the trough bottom is lower than the bottom wall of the discharge chamber; and / or; a screen for intercepting the abrasive medium is laid at the discharge port.

3. The sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter element includes a cage-shaped filter screen integrally in a cylindrical shape, and at least the end faces at both axial ends of the cage-shaped filter screen form the filter surfaces; the reversing mechanism flips the filter element to interchange the arrangement order of the two axial ends of the filter element in the axial direction, so that the feed side and the discharge side of each filter surface are interchanged.

4. The sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter element is inserted into the material passing hole and covers the material passing hole, and is driven by the reversing mechanism to move out of the material passing hole and rotate, or move into the material passing hole to cover the material passing hole.

5. The sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reversing mechanism includes: A pushing and pulling structure for driving the filter element to approach the material passing hole to cover the material passing hole, or move away from the material passing hole to be able to rotate; A one-way rotating structure for driving the filter element to rotate when the filter element moves away from the material passing hole, and unable to drive the filter element to rotate when the filter element approaches the material passing hole.

6. The sanding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pushing and pulling structure includes a push rod, and the filter element is rotatably connected to the push rod through a rotating shaft.

7. The sanding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The push rod includes a rod body and a front fork, the front fork includes fork bodies arranged at intervals and distributed on both sides of the filter element, rotating shafts are arranged on both sides of the filter element, and both sides are connected to the fork bodies through the rotating shafts.

8. The sanding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way rotating structure includes: A ratchet wheel sleeved on the rotating shaft of the filter element and provided with a ratchet tooth groove; A ratchet bar arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole and laid on the moving path of the rotating shaft, having a plurality of elastically telescopic ratchet teeth, so that after the push rod pulls the filter element away from the material passing hole, the ratchet wheel rolls along the ratchet bar to drive the filter element to rotate.

9. The sanding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way rotating structure includes: The grooved gear is rotatably sleeved on the rotating shaft of the filter element, and a ratchet groove is provided on the end face on the side close to the filter element. The transmission disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, located between the grooved gear and the filter element. A ratchet member is provided on the end face close to the grooved gear, and the ratchet member is elastically telescopic in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The rack is arranged on the discharge side of the material passing hole and laid on the moving path of the rotating shaft, so that after the push rod pulls the filter element out of the material passing hole, the grooved gear rolls along the rack to drive the transmission disc to rotate, so as to rotate the filter element.

10. The sanding device according to claim 9, characterized in that, An axially extending track for the rotating shaft to move in or out is provided outside the material passing hole, and the track is arranged between the material passing hole and the rack to support the filter element.

11. The sanding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A locking structure is further provided on the push rod to lock the rotating shaft when bringing the filter element close to the material passing hole to prevent the filter element from rotating.

12. The sanding device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The locking structure includes a strip-shaped groove for the rotating shaft to insert and arranged along the moving direction of the filter element. The end of the strip-shaped groove far from the material passing hole is a locking end for preventing the rotating shaft from rotating, and the end close to the material passing hole is a rotating end for the rotating shaft to rotate. Along the direction gradually approaching the locking end, the cross-section of the strip-shaped groove gradually shrinks, and the cross-section of the locking end is matched with the cross-section of the rotating shaft to clamp or tightly hold the rotating shaft.

13. The sanding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter element further includes an annular support frame sleeved on the cage-shaped filter net. A stepped surface is provided in the material passing hole to abut against the support frame axially. A sealing member extending circumferentially and laid in an annular shape is provided on the support frame or the stepped surface, so that when the filter element is located in the material passing hole, a sealing structure is formed at the contact between the support frame and the material passing hole.

14. The sanding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rotating shafts are provided at both axial ends of the filter element. Each filter surface arranged around the central axis includes an annular support frame border and a filter net laid in the frame holes. A stepped surface is provided in the material passing hole to abut against the outer end face of the support frame border axially. A sealing member extending circumferentially and laid in an annular shape is provided on the outer end face of the support frame border or the stepped surface, so that when any one of the filter surfaces covers the material passing hole, the filter element can be in sealed contact with the material passing hole.

15. The abrasive equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that, The periphery of the filter net is connected to the support frame border and has a protruding section covering the frame holes of the support frame border. The protruding section protrudes outward from the support frame border to insert into the material passing hole.

16. The abrasive equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A screen is provided at the discharge port. The screen is inclined. The notch of the aggregate trough is located below the discharge port, and at least part of the projection in the height direction overlaps with the screen.

17. The abrasive equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The commutation mechanism is detachably arranged in the discharge cavity. An inspection door is opened on the discharge cavity to be able to take out the filter element and the commutation mechanism from the inspection door. The inspection door is opened at the bottom end of the trough of the aggregate trough.

18. The abrasive equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rod body of the push rod includes a front rod and a rear rod that are hinged to each other. The front rod is used to be connected to the filter element, and the operating end of the rear rod extends outside the discharge chamber.

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