Method for assembling box beams / columns and assembled structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of box beam / column's assembly welding method and assembly welding structure, the method is: after main body workpiece is assembled together, concentrate on the welding of workpiece, box shape assembly: lower wing plate is fixed as bottom plate;Install baffle on lower wing plate;Assemble left web plate and right web plate;Assemble upper wing plate;Box shape welding: welding machine enters from the welding hole of upper wing plate, and the welding of each baffle and left, right web plate is carried out electric slag welding;Component is turned over 90 degrees, and welding machine enters from the welding opening of web plate side, and the welding of each baffle and upper, lower wing plate is carried out electric slag welding;Finally, the welding of four longitudinal welds of box shape outside;The structure is: baffle all is electric slag welding weld around;Upper wing plate is provided with welding hole corresponding to first weld, and first weld is continued to the surface of upper wing plate welding hole from lower wing plate;Left web plate / right web plate two sides are provided with welding opening corresponding to second weld, and second weld is connected with the longitudinal weld of left web plate / right web plate two sides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of steel structure manufacturing, specifically a method and structure for assembling and welding box beams / columns. Background Technology

[0002] Steel structure construction has developed rapidly in recent years, especially in high-rise building construction, where the proportion of steel structures will continue to increase. Box girders and box columns are the most important components of steel structures. With the development of construction technology, the application of large box girders and box columns is increasing, and their volume is getting larger. The overall design of box girders and columns must also ensure performance. Therefore, the box-type tooling structure is relatively complex, involving flanges, webs, various internal partitions, end caps, and reinforcing ribs. Generally, the assembly and welding of large box girders and columns needs to be carried out in a specialized workshop. To achieve continuous production on an assembly line, specialized box girder and column welding workshops have dedicated assembly platforms for component assembly and dedicated welding platforms for welding. The assembly platform includes a base with various positioning mechanisms for fixing the webs and flanges, and for positioning the intermediate partitions and reinforcing plates. The welding platform has a component fixing structure and multiple welding machines. After the components are assembled and initially fixed on the assembly platform, they are hoisted to the welding platform by hoisting equipment for welding the corresponding seams. The existing assembly and welding process for box beams and columns is as follows: S1: Workpiece preparation, including ① steel plate leveling, ② inner diaphragm cutting, ③ plate arrangement, numbering and cutting, ④ beveling; S2: Fixing the lower flange of the box body on the assembly platform, assembling the inner diaphragm on the lower flange, and then checking the dimensions; S3: After assembling the two side webs, the components are moved to the welding platform for welding the inner diaphragm to the web. Specifically, this weld is done manually using arc welding, and then UT inspection is performed; S4: Moved to the assembly platform again for assembly of the upper flange; S5: Moved to the welding platform and rotated 90 degrees, the welding equipment enters through the reserved opening between the web and flange welds, and electroslag welding is used to firmly weld the web and flanges; S6: Welding and fixing the upper and lower flanges to the four longitudinal welds of the web, and then UT inspection is performed; S7: Welding deformation correction; S8: Assembly and welding of the external stiffening plates, dimension verification, weld inspection and overall assembly; S9: Painting of the box beam and column.

[0003] As can be seen from the above construction steps, the existing box beams and box columns need to be hoisted and moved between the assembly platform and the welding platform multiple times during the assembly and welding process. Due to the large size of the components, hoisting consumes a lot of time and poses a high construction risk during the hoisting process. The components need to be rotated multiple times on the production line, and the continuous production process is not scientific. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, thereby providing a welding method and welding structure for box beams / columns that are more suitable for automated production lines.

[0005] The present invention solves the aforementioned problem by employing a welding method as follows:

[0006] A method for assembling and welding box beams / columns, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Prepare the material and cut out the upper wing plate, lower wing plate, left web plate, right web plate, partition plate, and end cover plate. The partition plate is numbered according to the design layout.

[0008] Step 2, beveling: beveling is performed on both sides of the left and right web plates;

[0009] During material preparation, welding holes are made on the upper flange with reference to the position of the partition. These welding holes correspond to the welds between the partition and the left and right web plates. Welding openings are made on both sides of the left and right web plates, corresponding to the welds between the partition and the upper and lower flanges.

[0010] Step 3: Fix the electroslag welding lining plate to the four sides of the partition.

[0011] Step 4, Box-shaped assembly process: a. Fix the lower wing plate as the base plate; b. Install the partition on the lower wing plate; c. Assemble the left and right web plates; d. Assemble the upper wing plate.

[0012] Step 5: Size verification.

[0013] Step 6, Box-shaped welding: a. The first welding mechanism enters through the welding holes on the upper flange and performs electroslag welding on the welds between each partition and the left and right web plates; b. The component is rotated 90 degrees, and the first welding mechanism enters through the welding port to perform electroslag welding on the welds between each partition and the upper and lower flanges; c. The second welding mechanism is used to weld the four longitudinal welds of the upper flange, lower flange, left web plate, and right web plate.

[0014] Step 7: UT inspects and corrects welding deformation.

[0015] Step 8: Weld the fixed end face cover plate and the outer stiffening plate.

[0016] Step nine: Perform dimensional verification and weld inspection on the entire box-shaped structure.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention employing the above method has the following advantages:

[0018] The box beam / column assembly and welding method provided by this invention completely separates the component assembly and welding processes in terms of time and procedures, eliminating the need for overlapping operations and multiple rotations on the front and rear construction platforms. This aligns with automated production processes, avoids multiple back-and-forth transports, and is more conducive to automated production management compared to existing production methods.

[0019] As a preferred option, a further technical solution of this method is:

[0020] The upper and lower flanges have bevels on both sides, and the bevel angle of the flanges is the same as that of the web.

[0021] The beneficial effects obtained from the above features are as follows: This solution is for welding thick plates with a thickness greater than 30mm, and adopts a double-sided V-groove to avoid lamellar tearing of the plate.

[0022] When assembling the welds of the left and right web plates with the upper and lower flanges, a blunt edge is left, and a lining strip is set on the underside of the blunt edge; a welding opening is set on the lining strip.

[0023] The beneficial effect obtained from the above features is that the reserved blunt edge in this scheme can reduce the amount of welding material used while meeting the welding specification requirements.

[0024] The bevel angles on the left and right webs and the upper and lower flanges are 35 degrees ± 1.5 degrees.

[0025] The beneficial effect obtained from the above features is that this bevel angle value is the optimal bevel shape for welding thick plates of 30mm to 50mm.

[0026] Steps four and five are performed on the assembly platform; steps six and seven are performed on the welding platform.

[0027] The beneficial effect obtained from the above features is that the assembly platform and welding platform of the present invention will not be used alternately.

[0028] The first welding mechanism is an electroslag welding machine; the second welding mechanism is a submerged arc automatic door welding machine.

[0029] The beneficial effects obtained from the above features are: this solution uses different welding equipment for different weld passes, and multiple welding machines can work simultaneously to speed up the welding process.

[0030] In step six, when welding the weld between the partition and the upper and lower flanges, the weld extends to the surface of the welding hole.

[0031] The beneficial effect obtained from the above features is that the weld filler of the pre-drilled holes on the box-shaped surface avoids the appearance of holes on the component surface.

[0032] Based on the above method, the present invention also includes a corresponding welded structure design for box beams / columns, specifically:

[0033] A welded structure for a box girder / column includes an upper flange, a lower flange, a left web, a right web, several diaphragms, and end caps. The long sides of the upper flange, lower flange, left web, and right web are sequentially joined together, with four longitudinal weld passes at the joining points, thus forming a box-shaped member with a rectangular cross-section. The diaphragms are arranged within the box-shaped member at designed intervals. The diaphragms are perpendicular to the upper flange, lower flange, left web, and right web. End caps are welded to both ends of the box-shaped member, with the upper and lower sides of the diaphragms perpendicular to the upper flange. A first weld bead is provided between the plate and the lower flange; a second weld bead is provided between the left and right sides of the partition plate and the left and right web plates; both the first and second weld beads are electroslag welds; a welding hole for the welding equipment is provided on the upper flange plate corresponding to the first weld bead, and the first weld bead extends from the lower flange plate to the surface of the welding hole on the upper flange plate; welding openings for the welding equipment are provided on both sides of the left / right web plate corresponding to the second weld bead, and the second weld bead is connected to the longitudinal weld beads on both sides of the left / right web plate.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention employing the above structure has the following advantages:

[0035] In this box-beam / column structure, the diaphragm is welded to the box on all four sides, and electroslag welding is used. This simplifies the welding and assembly process of the box structure and increases the level of automation. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is an assembly structure diagram of the wing plate and web plate when the plate thickness is less than 30mm according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electroslag welded lining plate fixed on all four sides before the partition of the present invention is assembled;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the assembly of the wing plate and web plate when the plate thickness is 30mm or more according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper wing plate structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the welding opening structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the welding joint assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partition being assembled onto the lower wing plate according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the left and right web plates of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper wing plate of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first weld bead of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the welding of the second weld bead in this invention;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first layer of welding for the upper two of the four longitudinal welds on the exterior of the box-shaped component of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first layer of welding on the two lower weld seams after the box-shaped component of the present invention is flipped over;

[0049] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the second layer of welding for completing the four longitudinal welds of the box-shaped component.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Upper flange; 2. Lower flange; 3. Left web; 4. Right web; 5. Partition; 6. Electroslag welded lining plate; 7. Liner strip; 8. Welding hole; 9. Welding opening; 10. First weld pass; 11. Second pass; 12. Longitudinal weld pass. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, which are intended only to provide a better understanding of the invention. Therefore, the examples given do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] See Figures 1 to 14 This invention provides a method for assembling and welding box beams / columns, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Prepare and cut the upper wing plate 1, lower wing plate 2, left web plate 3, right web plate 4, partition plate 5, and end cover plate. Number the partition plate 5 according to the design layout. Refer to the attached document for material preparation. Figure 4 The upper wing plate 1 is provided with a welding hole 8 at the position of the partition plate 5. The welding hole 8 corresponds to the weld between the partition plate 5 and the left web plate 3 and the right web plate 4.

[0054] Step 2, Beveling: Beveling is performed on both sides of the left web 3 and right web 4; welding openings 9 are created on both sides of the left web 3 / right web 4, corresponding to the weld bead between the partition 5 and the upper flange 1 and lower flange 2. See also Figure 1 For box beams / columns with a plate thickness of less than 30mm, only the web needs to be beveled, with the bevel angle typically between 25 and 35 degrees; see [link / reference]. Figure 3For box beams / columns with a plate thickness of 30mm or more, considering the possibility of lamellar tearing in the plate, double-sided V-grooves are required on the inner sides of the web and flanges (the web referred to in this specification is a collective term for the left web 3 and right web 4; the flanges referred to in this specification are a collective term for the upper flange 1 and lower flange 2). Specifically, the V-groove size is 35 degrees ± 1.5 degrees. At 600mm above and below the corbel of the box column and at 150mm at both ends of the column, the welds between the flanges and webs must be full penetration welds, referring to the provisions of the "Technical Specification for Steel Structures of High-Rise Civil Buildings" JGJ99-2015. Other locations require partial penetration welds, based on the dimensions of the box section member drawings and the weld penetration requirements. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 When assembling the left web plate 3, right web plate 4, upper flange plate 1, and lower flange plate 2 with weld seams, a blunt edge is left, and a lining strip 7 is installed on the lower side of the blunt edge; the lining strip 7 leaves a gap at the weld seam position to form a welding opening 9. For details on the structure of the welding opening 9, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The welding opening 9 can be a circular notch made on the outside of the lining strip.

[0055] Step 3, see Figure 2 The partition 5 has an electroslag welded lining plate 6 fixed on all four sides.

[0056] Step four, see Figures 7 to 9 Box-shaped assembly: a. Lower wing plate 2 is fixed as the base plate; b. Assemble partition plate 5; c. Assemble left web plate 3 and right web plate 4; d. Assemble upper wing plate 1.

[0057] Step 5: Size verification.

[0058] Step Six, see Figure 10 , Figure 11 Box-shaped welding: a. The first welding mechanism enters through the welding hole 8 on the upper wing plate 1 and performs electroslag welding on the welds between each partition plate 5 and the left web plate 3 and the right web plate 4; b. The component is rotated 90 degrees, and the first welding mechanism enters through the welding port 9 on the left web plate 3 / right web plate 4 side to perform electroslag welding on the welds between each partition plate 5 and the upper wing plate 1 and the lower wing plate 2; c. The second welding mechanism is used to weld the four longitudinal welds of the upper wing plate 1, lower wing plate 2, left web plate 3, and right web plate 4. The welding of the four longitudinal welds is described in [reference needed]. Figures 12 to 14 .

[0059] Step 7: UT inspects and corrects welding deformation.

[0060] Step 8: Weld the fixed end face cover plate and the outer stiffening plate.

[0061] Step nine: Perform dimensional verification and weld inspection on the entire box-shaped structure.

[0062] Steps four and five of this invention are performed on the assembly platform; steps six and seven are performed on the welding platform. At this point, the box girder or box column is basically welded together. In steps eight and nine, the remaining end panels and stiffening plates, being smaller and easier to install, are welded on a secondary assembly platform after the welding platform. The components move sequentially through each work unit on the assembly line, which is more in line with the assembly line production process compared to the previous method of repeatedly lifting and transporting components between the assembly and welding platforms.

[0063] The first welding mechanism is an electroslag welding machine; the second welding mechanism is a submerged arc automatic door welding machine. The first and second welding mechanisms consist of multiple sets of welding machines arranged along the length of the component, with multiple welding machines working simultaneously to accelerate the welding speed.

[0064] In step six of this invention, when welding the weld between the partition 5 and the upper and lower wing plates, the weld extends to the surface of the welding hole 8, and the weld fills the pre-made hole on the box-shaped surface to avoid holes appearing on the surface of the component.

[0065] The technical solution of this invention also includes a structural design for a box beam / column, specifically: a welded structure for a box beam / column, comprising an upper flange 1, a lower flange 2, a left web 3, a right web 4, several partitions 5, and end caps. The long sides of the upper flange 1, lower flange 2, left web 3, and right web 4 are sequentially joined, with four longitudinal weld passes 12 at the joining points, thus forming a box-shaped component with a rectangular cross-section. The partitions 5 are arranged at designed intervals within the box-shaped component, and the partitions 5 are perpendicular to the upper flange 1, lower flange 2, left web 3, and right web 4. End caps are welded to both ends of the box-shaped component, and the upper side of the partitions 5... A first weld bead 10 is provided between the lower side and the upper wing plate 1 and the lower wing plate 2; a second weld bead 11 is provided between the left and right sides of the partition plate 5 and the left web plate 3 and the right web plate 4; both the first weld bead 10 and the second weld bead 11 are electroslag welds; a welding hole 8 for the welding equipment to operate is provided on the upper wing plate 1 corresponding to the first weld bead 10, and the first weld bead 10 extends from the lower wing plate 2 to the surface of the welding hole 8 on the upper wing plate 1; welding openings 9 for the welding equipment to operate are provided on both sides of the left web plate 3 / right web plate 4 corresponding to the second weld bead 11, and the second weld bead 11 is connected to the longitudinal weld bead 12 on both sides of the left web plate 3 / right web plate 4.

[0066] The box beam / column assembly and welding method provided by this invention completely separates the component assembly and welding processes in terms of time and procedures, eliminating overlapping operations and the need for multiple rotations on front and rear construction platforms. This aligns with automated production processes, avoids repeated back-and-forth transport, and is more conducive to automated production management compared to existing production methods. In the box beam / column structure of this invention, the four sides of the partition plate are welded to the box shape, and electroslag welding is used, thereby simplifying the welding and assembly process of the box structure and achieving a higher degree of automation.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box beam / column assembly welding method, which is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: plate blanking, cutting out upper wing plate (1), lower wing plate (2), left web plate (3), right web plate (4), partition plate (5), and end face cover plate, and the partition plate (5) is numbered according to the design arrangement; Step 2: groove processing: the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4) are opened on both sides; Characterized in that: When blanking, the upper wing plate (1) and the lower wing plate (2) are opened on both sides, the wing plate groove angle is the same as the web plate groove angle, the upper wing plate (1) is opened according to the position of the partition plate (5) to form a welding hole (8), which corresponds to the welding bead of the partition plate (5) and the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4); the left web plate (3) / right web plate (4) is opened on both sides to form a welding opening (9), which corresponds to the welding bead of the partition plate (5) and the upper wing plate (1) and the lower wing plate (2); Step 3: the four edges of the partition plate (5) are fixed with an electroslag welding backing plate (6); Step 4: box assembly process on the assembly platform: a. The lower wing plate (2) is fixed as the bottom plate; b. The partition plate (5) is installed on the lower wing plate (2); c. Assemble the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4), and leave a blunt edge when assembling the left web plate (3), the right web plate (4), the upper wing plate (1), and the lower wing plate (2) welding seam, and set a backing strip (7) on the lower side of the blunt edge; the backing strip (7) is provided with a welding opening (9); d. Assemble the upper wing plate (1); Step 5: size verification on the assembly platform; Step 6: box welding on the welding platform: a. The first welding mechanism enters from the welding hole (8) on the upper wing plate (1) to perform electroslag welding on the welding seams of each partition plate (5) and the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4); b. Turn the component 90 degrees, the first welding mechanism enters through the welding opening (9) to perform electroslag welding on the welding seams of each partition plate (5) and the upper wing plate (1) and the lower wing plate (2); c. Use the second welding mechanism to weld the four longitudinal welds of the upper wing plate (1), the lower wing plate (2), the left web plate (3), and the right web plate (4); Step 7: UT inspection and welding deformation correction on the welding platform; Step 8: weld the end face cover plate and the outer side stiffener; Step 9: size verification and weld detection of the entire box type.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The groove angle of the left web plate (3), the right web plate (4), the upper wing plate (1), and the lower wing plate (2) is 35 degrees ± 1.5 degrees.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first welding mechanism is an electroslag welding machine; the second welding mechanism is a submerged arc automatic door welding machine.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step 6, when welding the welding seam of the partition plate (5) and the upper wing plate (1) and the lower wing plate (2), the welding bead continues to the surface of the welding hole (8).

5. A box beam / column assembly welding structure, comprising an upper wing plate (1), a lower wing plate (2), a left web plate (3), a right web plate (4), a plurality of partition plates (5) and end face cover plates; the upper wing plate (1), the lower wing plate (2), the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4) are sequentially assembled in length, and there are four longitudinal welding seams (12) at the assembly positions, thereby forming a box-shaped component with a rectangular cross section; the partition plates (5) are arranged in the box-shaped component at a designed interval; the partition plates (5) are perpendicular to the upper wing plate (1), the lower wing plate (2), the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4); and end face cover plates are welded at both ends of the box-shaped component, characterized in that: The first welding bead (10) is arranged between the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate (5) and the upper wing plate (1) and the lower wing plate (2); the second welding bead (11) is arranged between the left side and the right side of the partition plate (5) and the left web plate (3) and the right web plate (4); the first welding bead (10) and the second welding bead (11) are both electric-shield welding seams; the upper wing plate (1) is provided with a welding hole (8) corresponding to the first welding bead (10) and used for the action of a welding device, and the first welding bead (10) is continued from the lower wing plate (2) to the surface of the welding hole (8) of the upper wing plate (1); the left web plate (3) / right web plate (4) is provided with a welding opening (9) corresponding to the second welding bead (11) and used for the action of a welding device on both sides, and the second welding bead (11) is connected with longitudinal welding beads (12) on both sides of the left web plate (3) / right web plate (4).

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