Coal rock upper layer soil loosening device

Abstract

The coal rock upper layer loosening device comprises a control platform, a paving plate, a passing cylinder boss provided on the paving plate, liquid application pipelines and passing rail bead rods respectively provided on both sides of the passing cylinder boss, a through opening provided at the center position of the passing cylinder boss, and liquid storage fixing pipes provided at the bottom ends of both sides of the paving plate. The device further comprises a soil breaking and embedding pipe, which comprises an embedding pipe, a positioning tip provided at the bottom end of the embedding pipe, and a needle cavity provided in the embedding pipe. The positioning of the control platform and the ground fixation are used to perform small-range and accurate and efficient soil loosening operation on the upper layer of coal rock. The soil loosening is omnidirectional and periodic, and is more efficient. Unlike the prior art which directly damages a large area of the ground, the device is suitable for soil loosening work without affecting the soil surface layer and the roof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil loosening devices, and in particular to soil loosening devices for upper coal and rock layers. Background Technology

[0002] A ripper is a replaceable working device with crushing and loosening functions. It is used to excavate cracked rock, break frozen soil, and also to dig up asphalt pavement. It is suitable for crushing and splitting hard soil, medium-hard rock, and weathered rock to facilitate excavation and loading operations using a bucket. Existing rippers, also called ripping teeth, are mainly used on excavators or bulldozers. They are relatively large and cannot perform precise, small-scale loosening at fixed points. The loosening method tends to directly damage the soil surface. In coal seam dewatering and sampling operations, this method can damage the underlying coal seam and the roof above it, directly affecting subsequent excavation and sampling work. The large size also results in low loosening efficiency. Therefore, a device is designed that can perform precise and efficient small-scale loosening through precise positioning, suitable for loosening work that does not affect the soil surface and roof. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the specification abstract and the title of the invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract, and the title of the invention. Such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0004] In view of the existing technology of soil rippers, also called soil rippers, which are mainly used on excavators or bulldozers, are relatively large in size and cannot perform precise small-area soil ripping at fixed points. The soil ripping method tends to directly damage the soil surface layer. In the process of coal and rock strata dewatering and sampling, this method will damage the underlying coal seam and the roof above the coal seam, directly affecting the subsequent excavation and collection work. The large size will also result in low loosening efficiency. Therefore, this invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design a soil loosening device that can perform small-scale and efficient loosening through precise positioning, suitable for loosening work without affecting the soil surface and top slab.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal and rock upper layer loosening device, including a control platform, including a flat plate, the flat plate is provided with a through cylinder boss, the through cylinder boss is provided with a liquid application pipe and a through rail bead rod on both sides, the through cylinder boss is provided with a through opening at the center position, and the flat plate is provided with a liquid storage fixing pipe on both sides of the bottom end;

[0007] The soil-breaking and embedding tube includes a soil-embedding tube, the bottom end of which is provided with a positioning tip. The soil-embedding tube is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the flat slab, and a needle cavity is provided inside the soil-embedding tube.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, the needle cavity is provided with a needle positioning hole, and strong springs are symmetrically fixedly connected in the needle cavity. One end of the needle positioning hole is located in the needle cavity, and the other end passes through the inner wall of the soil embedding tube and is placed outside the needle cavity.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, the needle cavity is rhomboid in shape, and each of the four ends is provided with a sharp V. The needle cavities are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the soil-embedded tube.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, a soil-breaking long needle is slidably connected in the needle positioning hole, one end of the soil-breaking long needle placed in the needle cavity is provided with a smooth end A, the other end of the soil-breaking long needle placed outside the needle cavity is provided with a sharp end B, the middle of the soil-breaking long needle is a sliding column L, the top end of the soil-breaking long needle is provided with a smooth curved surface M, and the bottom end is a rounded corner surface N.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, wherein: a fixing plate is provided at one end of the soil-breaking long needle near the smooth end A, one end of the strong spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the needle cavity, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, the opening is provided with a drive tube rod, including a sinking tube, the outer wall of the sinking tube is provided with a spiral rail, the bottom end of the sinking tube is provided with a soil breaking tip, the top end of the sinking tube is provided with a rotating shaft boss, and the rotating shaft boss is provided with a handle.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, the diameter of the sinking pipe is the same as the diameter of the through, and it can pass through the through and slide connected to the through. The sinking pipe is provided with a spiral loosening rod, and the bottom end of the spiral loosening rod is provided with a drill bit.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, wherein: the pipe opening of the liquid-applying pipe is closely attached to the outer wall of the sinking pipe, the end of the rail-passing ball rod near the sinking pipe is provided with a ball, the ball is embedded in the spiral rail, the sharp end B of the soil-breaking long needle can be embedded in the spiral rail, and the smooth curved surface M and the rounded corner surface N are in contact with the spiral rail.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, wherein: a pressing platform is provided on the flat plate, the pressing platform passes through the flat plate and connects to the lower pressing pipe below, and the liquid storage fixing pipe includes a lower pressing pipe, an adjusting collar, and a liquid storage plug;

[0016] The pressure tube has a slot, the bottom of the inner wall of the pressure tube has a pressure block, the adjusting collar has a through groove, a control rod is fixedly connected to the adjusting collar, the top of the liquid storage plug has an inlet slot, and the liquid storage plug has outlet holes evenly spaced.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device of the present invention, the liquid storage plug is sleeved in the lower pressure pipe, the adjusting collar is placed between the lower pressure pipe and the liquid storage plug and is rotatably connected to the lower pressure pipe, the control rod is placed in the lower pressure pipe and passes through the slot, the through slot is coaxial with the block inlet slot and has the same diameter, and the bottom of the liquid storage plug is provided with a soil-penetrating tip Y.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by controlling the positioning of the platform and fixing the ground surface, small-scale and precise loosening operations can be carried out on the upper layer of coal and rock. The all-round periodic loosening is more efficient and, unlike the existing technology, it directly damages a large area of ​​the ground surface. It is suitable for loosening work that does not affect the soil surface and roof. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the control platform and the soil-breaking and embedding pipe of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the control platform and the soil-breaking and embedding pipe of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the drive pipe structure of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drive pipe of the coal and rock loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the soil-breaking long nail structure of the upper layer loosening device for coal and rock provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the coal and rock loosening device in working condition, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the liquid storage and fixing pipe structure of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the liquid storage plug structure of the coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure will be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0032] Furthermore, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Reference Figure 1-5This embodiment provides a soil loosening device for upper coal and rock layers, including a control platform 100. The control platform 100 is a base component fixed on the soil surface, including a flat plate 101. The flat plate 101 is provided with a through-cylinder boss 102. The through-cylinder boss 102 has a positioning function. The soil loosening component loosens the soil below by passing through the through-cylinder boss 102. The through-cylinder boss 102 is provided with a liquid-applying pipe 102a and a track-passing ball rod 102b on both sides. The liquid-applying pipe 102a is placed inside the through-cylinder boss 102 and filled with ferrous sulfate solution to enhance the soil loosening efficiency. The track-passing ball rod 102b is a fixed short rod with a rolling ball at the end. The through-cylinder boss 102 is provided with a through-hole 102c at the center. The through-hole 102c is used to allow other soil loosening components to pass through and loosen the upper soil layer. The bottom of the flat plate 101 is provided with liquid storage fixing pipes 103 on both sides. The function of the liquid storage fixing pipes 103 is to fix the entire control platform 100 on the soil surface. The transmission components inside can enhance the stability of the fixation.

[0035] Furthermore, the soil-breaking and embedding tube 200 is a tubular component that enters the soil, including a soil-embedding tube 201. The positioning tip 201a at the bottom of the soil-embedding tube 201 facilitates the soil-embedding tube 201 to penetrate the soil surface and enter the soil interior. The soil-embedding tube 201 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the paving plate 101. Pressing the paving plate 101 as a whole can insert the soil-embedding tube 201 into the soil. The soil-embedding tube 201 is provided with a needle cavity 202, which is a key component used to loosen the soil in the fixed position area.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Reference Figure 1-8 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and differs from the previous embodiment in that: the needle cavity 202 is provided with a needle positioning hole 202a. The needle positioning hole 202a can be used to pass through the soil-breaking long needle 203 that breaks the soil clods and reset them. A strong and tough spring 202b is symmetrically fixedly connected in the needle cavity 202. The strong and tough spring 202b is responsible for achieving the reset effect. One end of the needle positioning hole 202a is in the needle cavity 202, and the other end passes through the inner wall of the soil-embedded tube 201 and is placed outside the needle cavity 202. The whole is fixed and passes through the soil-embedded tube 201. The needle cavity 202 has a rhomboid shape, with spikes V at all four ends. The spikes V facilitate the loosening of the soil inside the soil-embedding tube 201 after it enters the soil, preventing obstruction during its descent. The needle cavities 202 are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the soil-embedding tube 201, and the multi-directional arrangement facilitates the loosening of the soil in multiple directions.

[0038] A soil-breaking long needle 203 is slidably connected within the needle positioning hole 202a. The soil-breaking long needle 203 is a key component of the entire device used for loosening the soil. One end of the soil-breaking long needle 203 inside the needle cavity 202 has a smooth end A, and the other end outside the needle cavity 202 has a sharp end B. The smooth end A has no sharp edges and will not damage the components inside the soil-embedding tube 201, while the sharp end B has sharp edges and can break up the external soil. The middle part is the sliding column L, which is the main part inside the needle positioning hole 202a. The sliding column L is used to move stably within the hole. The top of the soil-breaking needle 203 has a smooth curved surface M. The smooth curved surface M facilitates the generation of smooth friction force on the special end of the soil-breaking needle 203 after contacting other parts, causing the soil-breaking needle 203 to move. The bottom end is a rounded corner surface N. The rounded corner design can cut through the soil below and ensure that it will not be damaged when it encounters other parts.

[0039] The long needle 203 is equipped with a fixing plate 203a at one end near the smooth end A. The fixing plate 203a is symmetrically arranged on the long needle 203. One end of the strong spring 202b is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the needle cavity 202, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 203a. This allows the long needle 203 to be reset by the strong spring 202b after it is obstructed and displaced. The strong spring 202b itself is stronger than the ordinary spring 202b and is not affected by the soil when it is diving.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] Reference Figure 1-9 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs from the previous embodiment in that: a driving pipe rod 300 is provided at the opening 102c. The driving pipe rod 300 is mainly responsible for cooperating with the soil-breaking embedding pipe 200 and its internal components to produce a true soil-breaking effect. This includes a sinking pipe 301, which can pass through the opening 102c and sink into the soil through the positioning of the opening 102c. Similarly, the sinking pipe 301... The ground-breaking tip 301b at the bottom of 01 is used to allow the component to sink smoothly into the soil. The outer wall of the sinking tube 301 is provided with a spiral rail 301a, which covers the entire surface of the sinking tube 301. The top of the sinking tube 301 is provided with a rotating boss 302, which is rotatably connected to the entire sinking tube 301. The rotating boss 302 is provided with a handle 302a, which can be pressed down to allow the entire sinking tube 301 to move downward from the opening 102c.

[0042] Furthermore, the diameter of the sinking pipe 301 is the same as that of the through-hole 102c, allowing it to pass through and slide through the through-hole 102c, ensuring smooth cooperation between the sinking pipe 301 and the through-hole 102c. The sinking pipe 301 is equipped with a spiral loosening rod 303, which allows the sinking pipe 301 to fully break up and loosen the soil below the positioning position during the sinking process. If the sinking pipe 301 rotates, the spiral loosening rod 303 will rotate along with it. The drill bit 303a at the end of the spiral loosening rod 303 ensures that the entire sinking pipe 301 and the spiral loosening rod 303 inside can drill through the soil and sink smoothly. The rotating spiral loosening rod 303 has extremely high soil loosening efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, the opening of the liquid-applying pipe 102a is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sinking pipe 301. When the sinking pipe 301 breaks through the soil downwards through the opening 102c, the ferrous sulfate solution in the liquid-applying pipe 102a will cover the surface of the sinking pipe 301. The end of the guide rod 102b near the sinking pipe 301 is equipped with a ball bearing 102b-1, which is embedded in the spiral rail 301a. This design allows the sinking pipe 301 to be driven by the ball bearing 102b-1 during the sinking process, thus rotating continuously. The rotating shaft boss 302 provides the axial center for the rotation. When the worker manually or using tools controls the handle 302a to press down the sinking pipe 301, the entire sinking pipe 301 will rotate in the direction of the spiral rail 301a. At the same time, the spiral loosening rod 303 will also rotate, allowing the soil below the sinking pipe 301 to be fully loosened.

[0044] In detail, the spiked end B of the soil-breaking needle 203 can be embedded in the spiral rail 301a, which is the main condition for achieving soil loosening. When the sinking tube 301 moves downward, the soil-breaking needle 203 will disengage from the sinking tube 301 and, under the action of the strong spring 202b and the smooth curved surface M of the soil-breaking needle, will be pushed out of the embedded tube 201 along the needle positioning hole 202a, thereby piercing and crushing the soil around the embedded tube 201. The uniformly spaced and omnidirectionally arranged soil-breaking needles 203 can efficiently and stably loosen the soil area of ​​360°. Due to the curved trajectory characteristics of the spiral rail 301a, each soil-breaking needle 203, after one outward push, It will also reset, which also relies on the effect of the rounded corner surface N of the soil-breaking needle 203. The smooth curved surface M contacts the spiral rail 301a with the rounded corner surface N. When the sinking tube 301 is submerged, the smooth curved surface M contacts the spiral rail 301a and generates thrust. When the sinking tube 301 is rising, the rounded corner surface N contacts the spiral rail 301a and generates thrust. When the soil-breaking needle 203 is pushed out, it will be limited by the outer wall of the sinking tube 301. At this time, the characteristics of the smooth end A ensure that it will not cause any damage to the sinking tube 301. After encountering the spiral rail 301a again, it will extend and retract once more. During the up and down movement of the sinking tube 301, the soil-breaking needle 203 will continuously move in and out, achieving periodic soil loosening work.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Reference Figure 1-9 This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, and the difference from the previous embodiment is that: the liquid storage fixing tube 103 includes a pressing tube 103a, an adjusting collar 103b, and a liquid storage plug 103c. The three are connected to each other. The pressing table 104 controls and connects to whether the pressing tube 103 is pressed down, forming a controllable fixed connection between the entire device and the land.

[0047] The pressure tube 103a has an L-shaped slot 103a-1. A pressure block 103a-2 is located at the bottom of the inner wall of the pressure tube 103a. A certain gap exists between the two symmetrically arranged pressure blocks 103a-2 and the inner wall of the pressure tube 103a. The adjusting collar 103b has a through groove 103b-1, which consists of two symmetrically arranged quarter-circular grooves. A control rod 103b-2 is fixedly connected to the adjusting collar 103b. The control rod 103b-2 consists of a horizontal... It consists of a rod and a vertical rod. The end of the vertical rod has a short horizontal rod. This short horizontal rod passes through the slot 103a-1 and makes a circular motion around the vertical rod in the slot 103a-1, which drives the adjusting collar 103b to rotate in the pressure tube 103a. The top of the liquid storage plug 103c is provided with a block inlet groove 103c-1. The block inlet groove 103c-1 is the same as the through groove 103b-1, which is two symmetrically arranged quarter-circular grooves. The liquid storage plug 103c is provided with multiple liquid outlet holes 103c-1 evenly spaced.

[0048] The liquid storage plug 103c is fitted inside the pressure tube 103a. The liquid storage plug 103c is fitted inside the pressure tube 103a through the gap between the pressure block 103a-2 and the pressure tube 103a. The adjusting collar 103b is placed between the pressure tube 103a and the liquid storage plug 103c and is rotatably connected to the pressure tube 103a. The control rod 103b-1 is placed inside the pressure tube 103a and passes through the slot 103a-1, that is, the short crossbar passes through the slot 103a-1 for the operator to adjust. The pressure block 103a-2, the through slot 103b-1 and the inlet slot 103c-1 are coaxially arranged and have the same diameter. This means that when the operator adjusts the control rod 103b-1, causing the adjusting collar 103b to rotate, a series of different states will occur. The liquid storage plug 103c has a soil-penetrating tip Y at the bottom, which facilitates the insertion of the entire liquid storage fixing tube 103 into the soil.

[0049] State 1: Rotate the adjusting collar 103b so that the through groove 103b-1 does not coincide with the inlet groove 103c-1 and the pressing block 103a-2. The adjusting collar 103b can prevent the pressing block 103a-2 from entering the inlet groove 103c-1. At this time, it is in a non-pressing state and no reaction will occur.

[0050] State 2: Rotate the adjusting collar 103b to align the through groove 103b-1, the inlet groove 103c-1, and the lower pressure block 103a-2. Press down the pressing table 104 to press down the lower pressure tube 103a. At this time, the control rod 103b-1 makes a vertical relative displacement in the L-shaped slot 103a-1, allowing the lower pressure block 103a-2 to sink and pass through the through groove 103b-1, entering the inlet groove 103c-1, and thus entering the liquid storage plug 103c. The liquid storage plug 103c is filled with 108 soil granule adhesive. The liquid outlet 103c-1 is temporarily blocked by a membrane. When the pressure block 103a-2 presses down on the liquid inside the liquid storage plug 103c, the liquid will break through the membrane. 108 soil granule adhesive is a kind of adhesive that can fully integrate and bond with the soil. Thus, after the entire liquid storage fixing tube 103 is inserted into the soil, by pressing down the pressure tube 103a, it achieves temporary adhesion with the upper soil layer, stabilizing the entire device on the land surface.

[0051] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0052] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0053] It should be understood that numerous specific implementation decisions can be made during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine work of design, manufacturing, and production without requiring much experimentation.

[0054] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for loosening soil in the upper layer of coal and rock, characterized in that: include, The control platform (100) includes a flat plate (101), on which a through-tube boss (102) is provided. On both sides of the through-tube boss (102) are a liquid-applying pipe (102a) and a through-rail ball rod (102b), respectively. A through-hole (102c) is provided at the center of the through-tube boss (102), and liquid storage fixing pipes (103) are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the flat plate (101). The soil-breaking and embedding tube (200) includes a soil-embedding tube (201), the bottom end of which is provided with a positioning tip (201a). The soil-embedding tube (201) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the flat plate (101), and the soil-embedding tube (201) is provided with a needle cavity (202). The needle cavity (202) is provided with a needle positioning hole (202a), and a strong spring (202b) is symmetrically fixedly connected in the needle cavity (202). One end of the needle positioning hole (202a) is located in the needle cavity (202), and the other end passes through the inner wall of the soil embedding tube (201) and is placed outside the needle cavity (202). The needle cavity (202) has a rhomboid shape and sharp V-shaped protrusions at all four ends. The needle cavities (202) are evenly and equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the soil-embedded tube (201). A soil-breaking long needle (203) is slidably connected in the needle positioning hole (202a). The soil-breaking long needle (203) is placed in the needle cavity (202) with a smooth end A at one end and a sharp end B at the other end outside the needle cavity (202). The soil-breaking long needle (203) has a sliding column L in the middle, a smooth curved surface M at the top end and a rounded corner surface N at the bottom end. The long needle (203) is provided with a fixing plate (203a) at one end near the smooth end A. One end of the strong spring (202b) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the needle cavity (202), and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (203a). The opening (102c) is provided with a drive tube rod (300), including a sinking tube (301). The outer wall of the sinking tube (301) is provided with a spiral rail (301a). The bottom end of the sinking tube (301) is provided with a soil-breaking tip (301b). The top end of the sinking tube (301) is provided with a rotating shaft boss (302). The rotating shaft boss (302) is provided with a handle (302a). The diameter of the sinking pipe (301) is the same as that of the through-hole (102c), and it can pass through the through-hole (102c) and be slidably connected to the through-hole (102c). The sinking pipe (301) is provided with a spiral loosening rod (303), and the bottom end of the spiral loosening rod (303) is provided with a drill bit (303a). The opening of the dressing pipe (102a) is close to the outer wall of the sinking pipe (301). The end of the guide rod (102b) near the sinking pipe (301) is provided with a ball (102b-1). The ball (102b-1) is embedded in the spiral rail (301a). The spike end B of the ground-breaking needle (203) can be embedded in the spiral rail (301a). The smooth curved surface M and the rounded corner surface N contact the spiral rail (301a).

2. The coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat plate (101) is provided with a pressing platform (104), the pressing platform (104) passes through the flat plate (101) and connects to the lower pressing pipe (103a), the liquid storage fixing pipe (103) includes the lower pressing pipe (103a), the adjusting collar (103b), and the liquid storage plug (103c). The pressure tube (103a) is provided with a groove (103a-1), the bottom of the inner wall of the pressure tube (103a) is provided with a pressure block (103a-2), the adjusting collar (103b) is provided with a through groove (103b-1), the adjusting collar (103b) is fixedly connected with a control rod (103b-2), the top of the liquid storage plug (103c) is provided with an inlet groove (103c-1), and the liquid storage plug (103c) is provided with liquid outlet holes (103c-2) evenly spaced.

3. The coal and rock upper layer loosening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid storage plug (103c) is sleeved inside the pressure tube (103a). The adjusting collar (103b) is placed between the pressure tube (103a) and the liquid storage plug (103c) and is rotatably connected to the pressure tube (103a). The control rod (103b-2) is placed inside the pressure tube (103a) and passes through the slot (103a-1). The through slot (103b-1) is coaxial with the inlet slot (103c-1) and has the same diameter. The bottom of the liquid storage plug (103c) is provided with a soil-penetrating tip Y.

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