A multi-layer condensing collection device for a catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process multilayer condensing collection device, the device includes high-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen, low-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen, calcium liquid tank and magnesium liquid tank;The high-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen and low-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen are staggered in odd-even screen upper and lower openings, form "N" path, the high-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen is communicated with calcium liquid tank by bottom opening, the low-temperature section annular multilayer condensing screen is communicated with magnesium liquid tank by bottom opening, the annular calcium liquid tank and annular magnesium liquid tank are equipped with metal liquid discharge pipe respectively.The device of the application can control device temperature distribution by setting multilayer condensing screen, so as to realize the condensation and collection of magnesium, calcium and other impurity metal vapor in different areas, without magnesium removal process after reduction, improve production efficiency, and equipment structure is compact.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of magnesium metallurgy process, and particularly relates to a multilayer condensing and collecting device for catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process. BACKGROUND

[0002] The method of "magnesium smelting by carbon thermal method" can greatly reduce energy consumption and produce waste residue pollutants compared with the Pidgeon method. Whether it is the traditional Pidgeon method, carbon thermal method magnesium smelting technology or catalytic carbon thermal method magnesium smelting technology, magnesium vapor is generated through a reduction reaction under vacuum or relative vacuum conditions. The magnesium vapor generated by the reaction is collected through a condensing and collecting system. The collected magnesium is refined to obtain commercial magnesium.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN113774235A "Intermittent continuous extraction of crystallization in Pidgeon process for smelting magnesium" records a system for condensing and collecting liquid magnesium, which provides a method and device for extracting crystalline magnesium in the Pidgeon process for smelting magnesium with good continuity, reduced energy consumption, and reduced labor intensity. The method and device can improve the crystallization efficiency. Magnesium vapor continuously diffuses into the magnesium crystallizer. The magnesium vapor presents a three-dimensional wave or "S" type path after encountering multiple low-temperature fan blades, and is liquefied or crystallized on the fan blades. At the same time, part of it is deposited on the wall of the condensing jacket pipe. The tail gas flows out through the gap between the fan blades and the fan blades. By allowing the crystalline magnesium to flow downward along the grooves previously set on the fan blades under the action of gravity and the capillary effect of the metal rod bundle to the magnesium refining pool for direct refining, the crystallization and extraction of magnesium are integrated, and the primary refining and refining are integrated.

[0004] A multi-layer vacuum cooling crystallization device for magnesium vapor is disclosed in Chinese utility model patents CN212467185U "A multi-layer vacuum cooling crystallization device for magnesium vapor" and CN202010717888.6 "A multi-layer vacuum cooling crystallization device for magnesium vapor". The device has high cooling efficiency, can automatically realize the sweeping and collection of magnesium crystals in the device without stopping, and has a vacuum environment throughout the production process, high-purity magnesium products, high automation, good safety and reliability, and high production efficiency. The double-layer vertical shell in the device is characterized by double-layer vertical water circulation cooling. When magnesium vapor encounters the inner surface of the double-layer vertical shell, it is cooled into magnesium crystals. The double-layer vertical shell is provided with a magnesium vapor inlet on one side, a magnesium crystal outlet with a vacuum valve at the lower part, a water supply pipe inlet on the other side, a frequency conversion driving motor for rotation at the upper part, and an internal multi-layer crystallization assembly inside the double-layer vertical shell. After the magnesium vapor enters the internal multi-layer crystallization assembly, it is cooled and changed into crystals by the internal multi-layer crystallization assembly. The control mechanism controls the operation of the driving motor, which drives the entire crystal sweeping frame to rotate, causing the magnesium crystals on the inner wall surface of the double-layer vertical shell and the inner and outer wall surfaces of the multiple cylindrical crystallizers to be swept off and collected in the funnel-shaped lower part of the double-layer vertical shell under the action of gravity. When a certain amount is reached, the control mechanism controls the vacuum valve on the magnesium crystal outlet to open, and the magnesium crystals are received in vacuum.

[0005] Currently, the condensation and collection device for magnesium smelting can only condense a single type of metal, and cannot achieve the condensation and collection of magnesium and other metal vapors in one condensation and collection device. It cannot directly produce liquid magnesium for alloy smelting, which increases the secondary smelting energy consumption. There is still a magnesium removal process in the production process, which affects the production efficiency. The condensation and collection device is directly arranged at the end of the reactor, and the structure is not compact enough. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application first provides a multi-layer condensation and collection device for catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process, which comprises a high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen, a low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen, a calcium liquid tank and a magnesium liquid tank. The high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen are staggered in odd and even screens, forming an "N" path. The high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen is communicated with the calcium liquid tank through the bottom opening, and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen is communicated with the magnesium liquid tank through the bottom opening. The calcium liquid tank and the magnesium liquid tank are respectively provided with a metal liquid discharge pipe.

[0007] Further, the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensation screen adopt a vertical multi-layer mode and surround the outside of the reactor.

[0008] Further, the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen is arranged inside the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen.

[0009] Further, the tail gas outlet at the end of the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen leads into the vacuum housing, which is connected to a vacuum pump to maintain the pressure of the reactor and the condensing collection device.

[0010] Further, the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen has 3-8 layers of condensing screens; and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen has 3-8 layers of condensing screens.

[0011] Further, the calcium liquid tank is a ring-shaped calcium liquid tank.

[0012] Further, the magnesium liquid tank is a ring-shaped magnesium liquid tank.

[0013] In yet another aspect, the present application provides a condensing recovery method for a catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process, the method comprising:

[0014] (a) Reduction diffusion: Before the equipment is started, the vacuum housing is evacuated or the vacuum housing is completely replaced in an argon or helium state, the vacuum degree meets the reaction pressure of the first stage, the equipment is started, and the reactor starts to heat up. When the reaction temperature is reached in the reactor, the reduction reaction starts, and the metal vapor starts to diffuse from the reactor to the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen.

[0015] (b) Magnesium vapor liquefaction collection: The low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen is set to t>649℃, the magnesium vapor is liquefied on the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen, the magnesium liquid falls along the condensing screen, and flows into the magnesium liquid tank through the bottom opening;

[0016] (c) Calcium vapor liquefaction collection: After the first stage reduction is completed, the reactor continues to heat up, and when the reaction temperature is reached, the reaction starts, and the calcium vapor diffuses from the reactor to the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen. The high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen is set to t>840℃, the calcium vapor is liquefied on the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen, the calcium liquid falls along the condensing screen, and flows into the calcium liquid tank through the bottom opening;

[0017] (d) Metal liquid pressure discharge: After the reduction is completed, non-active gas is filled into the reactor to pressurize the magnesium liquid and calcium liquid to be discharged through the metal liquid discharge pipe.

[0018] Further, in step (b), the magnesium vapor travels in an "N" shape path up and down the staggered openings in the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen.

[0019] Further, in step (c), the calcium vapor travels in an "N" shape path up and down the staggered openings in the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen.

[0020] Further, in step (d), the non-reactive gas is argon or nitrogen.

[0021] Technical effects

[0022] The existing condensing device can only condense a single type of metal, and cannot realize condensation and collection of magnesium, calcium and other impurity metal vapors in different regions. The multi-layer condensing and collecting device of the catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process of the present application adopts a multi-layer vertical structure design, is vertically placed and parallel to the reactor around the annular reactor, is open at the top and bottom, so that the metal vapor travels along an "N" shaped path, and a larger condensing area is obtained. By controlling the number of condensing screens, the temperature distribution and area of the condensing zone are controlled to achieve the purpose of liquefaction and collection, so that magnesium, calcium and other impurity metal vapors are condensed and collected in different regions.

[0023] The existing condensing device cannot directly produce liquid magnesium, and when used for alloy smelting, it increases the energy consumption of secondary smelting. By arranging a metal liquid tank, the collected liquid magnesium, calcium or other metals flow into the magnesium liquid tank and the calcium liquid tank respectively, achieving the function of collecting and storing liquid metal, and liquid magnesium can be directly produced for alloy smelting, which reduces the energy consumption of secondary smelting compared with the traditional process.

[0024] The condensing device of the present application is built into the reaction equipment, and no magnesium removal process is required after reduction, improving production efficiency.

[0025] The traditional condensing and collecting device is generally arranged at the end of the reactor, and the structure is not compact enough, while the condensing screen of the present application adopts a multi-layer vertical structure and surrounds the reactor, playing a heat insulation role, reducing the thickness of the external insulation layer, and making the equipment structure compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a multi-layer condensing and collecting device of the catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process of embodiment 1 of the present application,

[0027] The figure is as follows: 1: high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen; 2: low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen; 3: annular magnesium liquid tank; 4: metal liquid discharge pipe; 5: annular calcium liquid tank; 6: metal vapor; 7: condensing screen opening; 8: bottom opening; 9: bottom opening; 10: tail gas outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical content of the present application clearer and easier to understand. The present application can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0029] In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various views thereof. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the size and thickness of each component are not limited.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A multi-layer condensing and collecting device for a catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process, comprising a high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (1), a low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2), an annular magnesium liquid tank (3), and an annular calcium liquid tank (5); the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (1) and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2) are arranged in a vertical multi-layer manner around the outside of the reactor, and the odd and even screens are staggered with holes (7) thereon, forming an "N" shaped path, the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (1) is communicated with the calcium liquid tank (5) through the bottom hole (8), the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2) is communicated with the magnesium liquid tank (3) through the bottom hole (9), and the annular calcium liquid tank and the annular magnesium liquid tank are respectively provided with metal liquid discharge pipes (4). The tail gas outlet (10) at the end of the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2) leads to the vacuum shell, and the vacuum shell is connected with a vacuum pump to maintain the pressure of the reactor and the condensing and collecting device.

[0032] Before the device is started, the vacuum shell is evacuated, or the vacuum shell is replaced in an argon or helium state, and the vacuum degree meets the reaction pressure of the first stage.

[0033] The above-mentioned multi-layer condensing and collecting device is used for condensing and recycling, comprising the following steps:

[0034] (a) Reduction diffusion: before the device is started, the vacuum shell is evacuated, or the vacuum shell is replaced in an argon or helium state, and the vacuum degree meets the reaction pressure of the first stage, the device is started, and the reactor starts heating, when the reactor reaches the reaction temperature, the reduction reaction starts, and the metal vapor (6) starts to diffuse from the reactor to the high-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (1) and the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2), and travels along the "N" shaped path with staggered holes on the condensing screen;

[0035] (b) Magnesium vapor liquefaction and collection: the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2) is set to t>649℃, the magnesium vapor is liquefied on the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen, the magnesium liquid falls along the condensing screen and flows into the magnesium liquid tank through the bottom hole, and the impurity metal vapor is rarely condensed on the low-temperature section annular multi-layer condensing screen (2) because the condensing temperature is not in this interval, wherein the high-vapor-pressure impurities (such as sodium and potassium) are condensed on the vacuum shell after flowing out of the condensing device in a gaseous state, and the low-vapor-pressure impurities do not flow into the condenser;

[0036] (c) calcium vapor liquefaction collection: after the first stage reduction is finished, the reactor continues to heat up, when the reaction temperature is reached, the reaction starts, calcium vapor diffuses from the reactor to the high temperature section of the annular multi-layer condensing screen, the high temperature section of the annular multi-layer condensing screen is set to t>840℃, calcium vapor is liquefied on the high temperature section of the annular multi-layer condensing screen, calcium liquid falls along the condensing screen and flows into the calcium liquid tank through the bottom opening;

[0037] (d) metal hydraulic discharge: after the reduction is finished, argon or nitrogen is filled into the reactor to pressurize the magnesium liquid and calcium liquid and press them out through the metal liquid discharge pipe.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations without departing from the concept of the present application. Therefore, any technical solutions obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present application and the prior art should be within the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-layer condensing and collecting device for catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process, comprising a high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen, a low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen, a calcium liquid tank and a magnesium liquid tank; the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen are staggered with holes up and down on the odd and even screens to form an "N" shape path, the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is communicated with the calcium liquid tank through the bottom hole, the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is communicated with the magnesium liquid tank through the bottom hole, and the calcium liquid tank and the magnesium liquid tank are respectively equipped with metal liquid discharge pipes.

2. The multi-layer condensation collection device of claim 1, wherein, The high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen are vertically arranged around the outside of the reactor.

3. The multi-layer condensation collection device of claim 1, wherein, The high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is arranged inside the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen.

4. The multi-layer condensation collection device of claim 1, wherein, The tail gas outlet at the end of the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is connected to the vacuum shell, and the vacuum shell is connected to the vacuum pump to maintain the pressure of the reactor and the condensing and collecting device.

5. The multi-layer condensation collection device of claim 1, wherein, The high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen has 3-8 layers of condensing screens, and the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen has 3-8 layers of condensing screens.

6. The multi-layer condensation collection device of claim 1, wherein, The calcium liquid tank is a ring-shaped calcium liquid tank, and the magnesium liquid tank is a ring-shaped magnesium liquid tank. 7.A condensing and recovering method for catalytic carbon reduction magnesium smelting process, comprising: (a) reduction diffusion: before starting the equipment, the vacuum shell is pumped to vacuum or is replaced with argon or helium, the vacuum degree meets the reaction pressure of the first stage, the equipment is started, the reactor starts heating, when the reactor reaches the reaction temperature, the reduction reaction starts, and the metal vapor starts to diffuse from the reactor to the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen; (b) magnesium vapor liquefaction and collection: the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is set to t>649℃, the magnesium vapor is liquefied on the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen, the magnesium liquid falls along the condensing screen and flows into the magnesium liquid tank through the bottom hole; (c) calcium vapor liquefaction and collection: after the first stage reduction is completed, the reactor continues to heat, when the reaction temperature is reached, the reaction starts, and the calcium vapor diffuses from the reactor to the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen, the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen is set to t>840℃, the calcium vapor is liquefied on the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen, the calcium liquid falls along the condensing screen and flows into the calcium liquid tank through the bottom hole; (d) metal liquid pressure discharge: after the reduction is completed, the reactor is filled with non-active gas to press the magnesium liquid and the calcium liquid out through the metal liquid discharge pipe.

8. The condensation recovery method of claim 7, wherein, In step (b), the magnesium vapor travels along the "N" shape path with staggered holes up and down in the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen and the low-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen.

9. The condensation recovery method of claim 7, wherein, In step (c), the calcium vapor travels along the "N" shape path with staggered holes up and down in the high-temperature annular multi-layer condensing screen.

10. The condensation recovery method of any one of claims 7-9, wherein, In step (d), the non-active gas is argon or nitrogen.

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