The invention provides a device fault location method based on 3D virtual simulation and video monitoring linkage. Through building a multi-dimensional linkage mode of a three-dimensional simulation image, a video signal and fault data for a production unit and combining the three-dimensional virtual simulation and video monitoring, the method can achieve the fault-simulation-video linkage positioning and deep data presentation. When a fault happens, a central control system will instantly give an alarm and indicates a fault device and an alarm condition, and simultaneously switches a monitoring image to the fault position of a workshop. Through the combination of a video image of the onsite scene with the free and flexible browsing and deep data presentation of the three-dimensional monitoring, a user can quickly locate the fault, visually understands the onsite environment and operation parameters of the fault device deeply, estimates the severity of the fault based on the real-timedata and analyzes the cause of the fault, thereby greatly reducing the fault checking time, improving the maintenance efficiency, and reducing the economic loss of an enterprise. The invention also provides a corresponding system.