A water distance surveying instrument for ocean engineering surveying

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of marine engineering technology and discloses a marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement, including a main float and an echo detector. The main float has a cavity containing a vertical axis. The vertical axis has two annular limiting blocks, and a square block is located between the two annular limiting blocks. L-shaped rods are symmetrically connected to the four corners of the square block, and these L-shaped rods are connected to auxiliary floats. A cylinder is located at the bottom of one auxiliary float, and the two ends of the cylinder are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the diagonally opposite auxiliary floats. An equipment box is located on the top of the main float, containing two sway correction components. A connecting rope is located on the top wall of the equipment box and is connected to the top of the echo detector. This invention improves the protective effect of the surveying instrument, buffers the impact of waves on the main float, and effectively prevents the main float from capsizing. It also actively corrects sway, reduces the swaying of the main float, and improves the accuracy of the echo detector's surveying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more specifically to a marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Marine engineering refers to new construction, reconstruction, and expansion projects aimed at developing, utilizing, protecting, and restoring marine resources, with the main body of the project located on the seaward side of the coastline. Generally, marine engineering can be divided into two main parts: resource development technology and equipment and facility technology. Marine surveying engineering has become an important component of marine engineering scientific research, with increasingly higher technical difficulty and accuracy requirements. The accuracy of measuring marine environmental factors such as wind, waves, and currents directly determines the accuracy of marine engineering experiments. Long-term, continuous, and fixed-point detection of the marine hydrological environment often uses echo sounders to survey distances over water. The working principle of an echo sounder is to use a transducer to emit sound waves in the water. When the sound waves encounter an obstacle and are reflected back to the transducer, the distance between the obstacle and the transducer can be determined based on the round-trip time of the sound wave and the speed of sound propagation in the measured water area.

[0003] However, existing underwater distance surveying instruments cannot maintain a stable state during use and are prone to swaying with the fluctuations of the sea surface, which affects the surveying efficiency and accuracy. In addition, the protection effect is poor, which can easily cause the surveying device to overturn and be damaged by water ingress, thus affecting the surveying efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a marine engineering surveying instrument for use in marine engineering surveying, so as to solve the technical problems of low surveying accuracy, poor protection effect and easy capsizing of existing marine distance surveying instruments.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement includes a main float and an echo detector. The main float has a cavity shaped like a cross, and a vertical shaft is located inside the cavity. Two annular limiting blocks are spaced apart on the vertical shaft. A square block is fitted on the vertical shaft between the two annular limiting blocks. L-shaped rods are symmetrically rotatably connected to the four corners of the square block. The free ends of the L-shaped rods are rotatably connected to secondary floats. A cylinder is located at the bottom of one of the secondary floats, and the two ends of the cylinder are fixedly connected to the bottom of the diagonally opposite secondary floats. The secondary floats are adapted to the cavity. An equipment box is located on the top of the main float. The equipment box contains a swing correction component one and a swing correction component two. A connecting rope is located on the top wall of the equipment box and is connected to the top of the echo detector.

[0007] The principle of the technical solution: In use, the surveying instrument is transported to the designated sea surface by a transport ship. The instrument is then placed on the sea surface via the main floating plate. The cylinder is activated; as the cylinder extends, it moves the auxiliary floating plates on the cylinder. With the cooperation of the L-shaped rod and the square blocks, the four auxiliary floating plates leave the cavity and move to the four sides of the main floating plate, increasing the contact area between the surveying instrument and the sea surface. This improves the protective effect of the surveying instrument, effectively preventing the main floating plate from capsizing and effectively buffering the impact of waves on the main floating plate. Secondly, the swing correction component one and the swing correction component... Secondly, the system can work in tandem with the changing waves to alter the direction and magnitude of the force generated, thereby adjusting the balance between the surveying instrument's own weight and buoyancy. This counteracts the force generated by the waves, allowing the main floating board to quickly reach a relatively balanced state. The echo sounder is then activated, emitting ultrasonic waves from the sea surface towards the seabed. These sound waves propagate downwards, and upon hitting the seabed, immediately reflect back. By analyzing the interval between echoes and the speed of sound in water, the depth from the current sea level to the seabed can be accurately calculated, ensuring the accuracy of the surveying instrument's measurements.

[0008] Furthermore, there are two cylinders, which are located on opposite sides of the vertical axis.

[0009] The use of two cylinders allows the auxiliary float plate to move relatively stably within the cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, the cylinder barrel has a ball bearing at the bottom of one end near its piston rod, and the bottom wall of the cavity has a sliding groove for the ball bearing to slide.

[0011] The combination of ball bearings and sliding grooves further ensures that the auxiliary float plate does not shake when moving, and also makes the piston movement of the cylinder smoother.

[0012] Furthermore, the swing correction component includes a folding airbag, an air pump, a level sensor, and a microcomputer controller. The top wall of the equipment box is provided with a placement box, the microcomputer controller is located on the bottom wall of the placement box, the level sensor is located on the top of the microcomputer controller, there are two level sensors, and the directions of the two level sensors are perpendicular to each other. The folding airbag is located on the top of the auxiliary floating plate, the air pump is located on the bottom wall of the equipment box, the air pump is connected to the folding airbag, and both the air pump and the level sensor are electrically connected to the microcomputer controller.

[0013] By setting up the swing correction component, the buoyancy of the auxiliary floating plate in the water is ensured, so as to reduce the impact of the weight of the surveying device on the draft of the main floating plate. At the same time, it can change the direction and magnitude of the force generated by the wave according to the constant changes of the sea wave, thereby counteracting the force generated by the wave. The microcomputer controller controls the air pump to inflate and deflate a certain folded airbag according to the signal transmitted by the horizontal sensor. The inflation, deflation and speed of each folded airbag can be adjusted, so that the folded airbag can counteract part of the swaying force of the wave and reduce the swaying of the main floating plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the second oscillation correction component includes a water tank, a water pump, a connecting pipe, and a one-way valve. There are four water tanks, which are respectively located at the four corners of the symmetrical equipment box. Each water tank is equipped with two water pumps. The output end of each water pump is equipped with a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is equipped with a one-way valve. Each pair of adjacent water tanks is connected by two connecting pipes. The one-way valves on each set of connecting pipes control opposite directions. All water pumps are electrically connected to a microcomputer controller.

[0015] By setting up the second oscillation correction component, the water volume in each tank can be adjusted in real time according to the continuous changes in the waves to change the position of the center of gravity of the main floating board, thereby counteracting the force generated by the waves; the microcomputer controller controls the water pump to adjust the water volume in each tank according to the signal transmitted by the horizontal sensor, so as to change the position of the center of gravity of the main floating board to actively correct the oscillation and achieve the purpose of reducing the swaying of the main floating board.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the placement box is provided with an annular plate, the echo detector is located inside the annular plate, and four buffer springs are circumferentially spaced on the side wall of the echo detector. The free end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate, and the buffer spring is initially in a compressed or stretched state.

[0017] By using a buffer spring, the echo detector is kept pointing downwards as much as possible, reducing the impact of device shaking on the echo detector and preventing it from colliding with the ring plate and being damaged.

[0018] Furthermore, the top of the equipment box is equipped with a photovoltaic panel and a waterproof box, the waterproof box being located below the photovoltaic panel, and a storage battery is installed inside the waterproof box. The echo detector, cylinder, air pump, water pump, level sensor, and microcomputer controller are all electrically connected to the storage battery.

[0019] Photovoltaic panels can collect solar energy to generate electricity, and batteries can store the solar energy collected by the photovoltaic panels as emergency backup.

[0020] Furthermore, both the main floating plate and the equipment box are provided with through-holes that match the echo detector. The inner diameter of the through-hole on the main floating plate is larger than the inner diameter of the through-hole on the equipment box. Several annular trapezoidal plates are hinged to the inner wall of the through-hole on the main floating plate, and the inner radius of the inner circle formed by all the annular trapezoidal plates is equal to the radius of the through-hole on the equipment box.

[0021] The ring-shaped trapezoidal plate can prevent some seawater from splashing onto the echo detector due to wave impact, reducing the damage to the electrical components of the equipment box caused by seawater and extending the service life of the echo detector.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. By extending and retracting the cylinder, this device, in conjunction with the main and auxiliary float plates, increases the contact area between the device and the sea surface, improving the protection of the survey instrument. It can effectively prevent the main float plate from capsizing and also effectively buffer the impact of waves on the main float plate, reducing the impact of waves on the accuracy of the echo sounder's survey.

[0024] 2. When used together, the swing correction component one and the swing correction component two enable the microcomputer controller to control the air pump to inflate or deflate a certain folded airbag according to the signal transmitted by the horizontal sensor. The inflation, deflation and speed of each folded airbag can be adjusted, so that the folded airbag can counteract part of the swaying force of the waves and reduce the swaying of the main floating board. At the same time, the microcomputer controller controls the water pump to adjust the water volume in each water tank according to the signal transmitted by the horizontal sensor, so as to change the position of the center of gravity of the main floating board to actively correct the swing and achieve the purpose of reducing the swaying of the main floating board. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cavity of a marine engineering surveying instrument for underwater distance mapping according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the penetration opening of a marine engineering surveying instrument according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This invention provides a top-view cross-sectional view of the cavity of a marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance mapping.

[0029] The names of the corresponding labels in the attached diagram are:

[0030] 1. Main floating plate; 2. Echo detector; 3. Cavity; 4. Vertical axis; 5. Annular limiting block; 6. Square block; 7. L-shaped rod; 8. Secondary floating plate; 9. Cylinder; 10. Equipment box; 11. Swing correction component one; 12. Correction and alignment component two; 13. Connecting rope; 14. Ball bearing; 15. Sliding groove; 16. Folding airbag; 17. Air pump; 18. Horizontal sensor; 19. Microcomputer controller; 20. Placement box; 21. Water tank; 22. Water pump; 23. Connecting pipe; 24. One-way valve; 25. Annular plate; 26. Buffer spring; 27. Photovoltaic panel; 28. Waterproof box; 29. ​​Battery; 30. Through-hole; 31. Annular trapezoidal plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement includes a main float plate 1 and an echo detector 2. The main float plate has a cavity 3, which is cross-shaped. A vertical shaft 4 is provided inside the cavity 3. Two annular limiting blocks 5 are spaced apart on the vertical shaft 4. A block 6 is fitted on the vertical shaft 4 between the two annular limiting blocks 5. L-shaped rods 7 are symmetrically rotatably connected to the four corners of the block 6. A secondary float plate 8 is rotatably connected to the free end of the L-shaped rods 7. Two cylinders 9 are symmetrically provided at the bottom of the right secondary float plate 8. The two cylinders 9 are located on the front and rear sides of the vertical shaft 4, respectively. A ball bearing 14 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder barrel near its piston rod. A sliding groove 15 for the ball bearing 14 to slide is provided on the bottom wall of the cavity 3. The two ends of the cylinder 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the two diagonally opposite secondary float plates 8. The secondary float plates 8 are adapted to the cavity 3.

[0033] The top of the main floating plate 1 is provided with an equipment box 10. The top wall of the equipment box 10 is provided with a 20. The bottom of the placement box 20 is provided with a connecting rope 13, which is connected to the top of the echo detector 2. The bottom of the placement box 20 is provided with an annular plate 25, and the echo detector 2 is located inside the annular plate 25. The side wall of the echo detector 2 is provided with four buffer springs 26 spaced circumferentially. The direction of the four buffer springs 26 is consistent with the direction of the four auxiliary floating plates 8. The free end of the buffer spring 26 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate 25. The initial state of the buffer spring 26 is compressed or stretched.

[0034] The equipment box 10 contains a swing correction component one 11 and a swing correction component two. The swing correction component one 11 includes a folded airbag 16, an air pump 17, a level sensor 18, and a microcomputer controller 19. The microcomputer controller 19 is located on the bottom wall inside the placement box 20. The level sensor 18 is located on top of the microcomputer controller 19. There are two level sensors 18, and their directions are perpendicular to each other. The folded airbag 16 is located on top of the auxiliary floating plate 8. The air pump 17 is located on the bottom wall inside the equipment box 10 and is connected to the folded airbag 16. Both the air pump 17 and the level sensor 18 are electrically connected to the microcomputer controller 19.

[0035] The second oscillation correction component includes a water tank 21, a water pump 22, a connecting pipe 23, and a one-way valve 24. There are four water tanks 21, which are respectively located at the four corners of the symmetrical equipment box 10. Each water tank 21 is equipped with two water pumps 22. The output end of the water pump 22 is equipped with a connecting pipe 23, and the connecting pipe 23 is equipped with a one-way valve 24. Each pair of adjacent water tanks 21 are connected by two connecting pipes 23. The one-way valves 24 on each pair of connecting pipes 23 control opposite directions. All water pumps 22 are electrically connected to the microcomputer controller 19.

[0036] The top of the equipment box 10 is equipped with a photovoltaic panel 27 and a waterproof box 28. The waterproof box 28 is located below the photovoltaic panel 27. The waterproof box 28 contains a storage battery 29. The echo detector 2, cylinder 9, air pump 17, water pump 22, level sensor 18 and microcomputer controller 19 are all electrically connected to the storage battery 29.

[0037] Both the main floating plate 1 and the equipment box 10 are provided with through-holes 30 that match the echo detector 2. The inner diameter of the through-hole 30 at the main floating plate 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the through-hole 30 at the equipment box 10. The inner wall of the through-hole 30 at the main floating plate 1 is hinged with several annular trapezoidal plates 31 by torsion springs. The inner radius of the circle formed by all the annular trapezoidal plates 31 is equal to the radius of the through-hole 30 at the equipment box.

[0038] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0039] In use, the staff transports the survey instrument to the designated sea surface via a transport ship, and then places the survey instrument on the sea surface via the main floating plate 1. The cylinder 9 is activated, and as the cylinder 9 extends, it moves the auxiliary floating plates 8 on the cylinder 9. With the cooperation of the L-shaped rod 7 and the block 6, the four auxiliary floating plates 8 move away from the cavity 3 and move to the four sides of the main floating plate 1, increasing the contact area between the survey instrument and the sea surface, thereby improving the protective effect of the survey instrument, effectively preventing the main floating plate 1 from capsizing, and also effectively buffering the impact of sea waves on the main floating plate 1. In the oscillation correction component 11, the microcomputer controller 19 can control the air pump 17 to inflate or deflate a certain folded airbag 16 according to the signal transmitted by the level sensor 18. The inflation, deflation and speed of each folded airbag 16 can be adjusted, so that the folded airbag 16 can actively counteract part of the oscillation force of the waves and reduce the swaying of the main float plate 1. Secondly, the inflated folded airbag 16 ensures the buoyancy of the auxiliary float plate 8 in the water, so as to reduce the impact of the weight of the surveying device on the draft of the main float plate 1.

[0040] Meanwhile, the microcomputer controller 19 can also control the water pump 22 to adjust the water volume in each water tank 21 according to the signal transmitted by the level sensor 18, change the position of the center of gravity of the main floating plate 1 to actively correct the swaying, so as to counteract the force generated by the waves, thereby reducing the swaying of the main floating plate 1 and making the main floating plate 1 quickly reach a relatively balanced state.

[0041] In a relatively balanced state, the echo detector 2 is activated. The echo detector 2 emits ultrasonic waves from the sea surface to the seabed. The emitted sound waves propagate downwards and reflect back immediately after hitting the seabed. By measuring the interval between the echoes and the speed of sound in water, the depth from the current sea surface to the seabed can be accurately calculated, ensuring the accuracy of the survey instrument's measurement values.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific technical solutions or characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement, comprising a main floating plate (1) and an echo sounder (2), characterized in that, The main floating plate (1) has a cavity (3) in the shape of a cross. A vertical shaft (4) is located within the cavity (3). Two annular limiting blocks (5) are spaced apart on the vertical shaft (4). A square block (6) is fitted between the two annular limiting blocks (5). L-shaped rods (7) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the four corners of the square block (6). A secondary floating plate (8) is rotatably connected to the free end of the L-shaped rods (7). One of the secondary floating plates (8)... A cylinder (9) is provided at the bottom. The two ends of the cylinder (9) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the diagonally opposite auxiliary floating plates (8). The auxiliary floating plates (8) are adapted to the cavity (3). An equipment box (10) is provided at the top of the main floating plate (1). The equipment box (10) is provided with a swing correction component one (11) and a swing correction component two. A connecting rope (13) is provided on the top wall of the equipment box (10). The connecting rope (13) is connected to the top of the echo detector (2). The swing correction component (11) includes a folding airbag (16), an air pump (17), a level sensor (18), and a microcomputer controller (19). The top wall of the equipment box (10) is provided with a placement box (20). The microcomputer controller (19) is located on the bottom wall of the placement box (20). The level sensor (18) is located on the top of the microcomputer controller (19). There are two level sensors (18), and the directions of the two level sensors (18) are perpendicular to each other. The folding airbag (16) is located on the top of the auxiliary floating plate (8). The air pump (17) is located on the bottom wall of the equipment box (10). The air pump (17) is connected to the folding airbag (16). The air pump (17) and the level sensor (18) are both electrically connected to the microcomputer controller (19). The swing correction component includes a water tank (21), a water pump (22), a connecting pipe (23), and a one-way valve (24). There are four water tanks (21), which are respectively located at the four corners of the symmetrical equipment box (10). Each water tank (21) is equipped with two water pumps (22). The output end of each water pump (22) is equipped with a connecting pipe (23). The connecting pipe (23) is equipped with a one-way valve (24). Each pair of adjacent water tanks (21) are connected by two connecting pipes (23). The one-way valves (24) on each pair of connecting pipes (23) control opposite directions. All water pumps (22) are electrically connected to a microcomputer controller (19).

2. The marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two cylinders (9), and the two cylinders (9) are located on both sides of the vertical axis (4).

3. A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder (9) has a ball (14) at the bottom of the cylinder barrel near the piston rod of the cylinder (9), and the bottom wall of the cavity (3) has a sliding groove (15) for the ball (14) to slide.

4. A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the placement box (20) is provided with an annular plate (25), the echo detector (2) is located inside the annular plate (25), and four buffer springs (26) are provided circumferentially on the side wall of the echo detector (2). The free end of the buffer spring (26) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular plate (25), and the buffer spring (26) is initially in a compressed or stretched state.

5. A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the equipment box (10) is provided with a photovoltaic panel (27) and a waterproof box (28). The waterproof box (28) is located below the photovoltaic panel (27). The waterproof box (28) is provided with a storage battery (29). The echo detector (2), cylinder (9), air pump (17), water pump (22), level sensor (18) and microcomputer controller (19) are all electrically connected to the storage battery (29).

6. A marine engineering surveying instrument for surface distance measurement according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Both the main floating plate (1) and the equipment box (10) are provided with through-holes (30) that match the echo detector (2). The inner diameter of the through-hole (30) on the main floating plate (1) is larger than the inner diameter of the through-hole (30) on the equipment box (10). The inner wall of the through-hole (30) on the main floating plate (1) is hinged with several annular trapezoidal plates (31). The inner radius of the inner circle formed by all the annular trapezoidal plates (31) is equal to the radius of the through-hole (30) on the equipment box (10).

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