A self-cleaning trash rack

Abstract

The present invention provides a self-cleaning trash rack, which includes side columns, arched trash rack bars, an automatic brushing and pollution removal system, a pollution transmission power system, and a real-time detection system. A plurality of arched trash rack bars are horizontally fixed between the side columns, and the arched trash rack bars are gradually away from the side columns from top to bottom to form a trapezoidal structure. The automatic brushing and pollution removal system is installed on the bars. The pollution transmission power system is installed on the side columns at both ends of the arched trash rack bars. The real-time detection system monitors the trash racking situation of the bars, and controls the operation of the automatic brushing and pollution removal system and the pollution transmission power system through the output signal of the real-time detection system to clean the bars. The arched trash rack provided by the present invention is beneficial to increasing the water passing section and reducing the water velocity through the rack, thereby reducing the head loss, and the hydropower station can utilize more water energy. Moreover, the trash cleaning process does not require the unit to stop, and the arched trash rack can pass water normally while cleaning the trash, effectively improving the working efficiency of the hydropower station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river channel cleaning in hydropower stations, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning trash rack based on intelligent water conservancy. Background Art

[0002] The function of the trash rack is to prevent dirt such as plant roots, domestic waste, and industrial waste from entering the internal structure of the project, and avoid the harm caused by the above foreign objects to the buildings and equipment. At present, the trash rack can be divided into a planar type and a rotary type according to the structural type. The planar trash rack is generally vertically arranged in two rows in the project. When the phenomenon of dirt blockage occurs, the trash rack is lifted out of the gate slot for cleaning in turn. It is relatively difficult to clean the planar trash rack, and special equipment such as hoisting and cleaning equipment needs to be equipped to remove the dirt. The rotary trash rack is provided with cleaning teeth on the grid surface, and the rotation of the cleaning teeth is used to clean the dirt. Due to the diverse sources and various types of various foreign objects in the river, it is difficult to determine the size of the cleaning teeth, and the rotation of the cleaning teeth is easily blocked and jammed by the dirt, which will cause the cleaning equipment to stop for cleaning.

[0003] Since it is difficult to accurately estimate and control the number and size of foreign objects in the river channel, it is difficult to effectively remove the foreign objects collected upstream of the water inlet in time, and the phenomenon of blockage of the trash rack facilities often occurs, which will cause the following consequences: the water level difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the trash rack gradually increases, thereby reducing the output and efficiency of the water conservancy and hydropower project; the dirt in front of the grid gradually accumulates, the effective water passing area of the grid surface decreases, and the dirt in front of the grid continuously impacts the trash rack under the action of the water flow thrust, resulting in the deformation and damage of the trash rack; if a serious blockage occurs, the hydropower station will be forced to stop for cleaning, affecting industrial production, residential electricity consumption and the benefits of the power station. Therefore, the stability problem of the trash rack structure, the problem of dirt accumulation in front of the grid and the difficulty in removal, and the problem of reducing the head loss generated by the traditional trash rack during the water flow are one of the important tasks to be solved in the hydropower industry in China. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problem that the traditional trash rack is easy to be blocked and difficult to clean, the invention provides a self-cleaning trash rack with an arched trash rack bar structure.

[0005] The solution adopted by the invention to solve its technical problems is: a self-cleaning trash rack includes side columns, arched trash rack bars, an automatic brushing and cleaning system, a dirt transmission power system, and a real-time detection system. A plurality of arched trash rack bars are transversely fixed between the side columns, and the arched trash rack bars form a trapezoidal structure by gradually moving away from the side columns from top to bottom. An automatic brushing and cleaning system is installed on the grid bars, the dirt transmission power system is installed on the side columns at both ends of the arched trash rack bars, and the real-time detection system monitors the trash racking situation of the grid bars and controls the operation of the automatic brushing and cleaning system and the dirt transmission power system through the output signal of the real-time detection system to clean the grid bars.

[0006] The arched trash rack bar includes a semi-circular arc main body, and connecting handles are provided at both ends of the main body. The arched trash rack bar is fixed to the side columns through the connecting handles, and inclined plates protruding outward are provided at both ends of the semi-circular arc main body of the bar.

[0007] The automatic brush cleaning system includes a cleaning brush, which is arranged perpendicular to the bar. The cleaning brush is installed on the outer side of the bar. The cleaning brush is set in a serrated shape, and comb teeth are arranged at intervals on the side facing the bar. The comb teeth are sleeved between the bars at intervals; struts are provided at the upper and lower ends of the cleaning brush, and a rotating shaft is provided on the struts. The rotating shaft is located at the center of the circle of the arched trash rack bar, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the cleaning brush. The cleaning brush is driven to swing along the bar by the rotation of the rotating shaft.

[0008] The dirt transfer power system is a conveyor belt structure, including a horizontal section conveyor belt located above the side column and an inclined section conveyor belt that communicates underwater and has the same inclination angle as the trapezoidal structure formed by the bars. And a part of the inclined section conveyor belt overlaps with the inclined plate at the end of the bar.

[0009] The real-time detection system includes a pressure sensor and an underwater camera. The pressure sensor is installed on the bar, and the lens of the underwater camera faces the trash rack and can comprehensively monitor and identify the trash rack.

[0010] Poking teeth are provided on the surface of the conveyor belt, and the dirt in the water body is transported by hooking with the poking teeth. At the same time, a scraper is also installed at the end of the horizontal section conveyor. Tooth grooves are provided on the scraper, and the tooth grooves correspond to the poking teeth on the conveyor belt.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the comb teeth on the cleaning brush is increased, the comb teeth abut against the bar, and corresponding sliding components are added between the comb teeth and the bar.

[0012] The sliding component adopts a roller structure, and rollers are installed at the upper and lower ends of the comb teeth to slide on the surface of the bar by using the rollers; an arc-shaped sliding structure can also be adopted. The upper and lower ends of the comb teeth are set in a circular arc shape, and a wear-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the circular arc, and the arc end slides on the surface of the bar.

[0013] A fixed sprocket is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving motor is installed on the side column, and the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven by a chain. A base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft can be set for the driving motor to make the output shaft of the driving motor parallel to the rotating shaft.

[0014] The real-time detection system further includes a water level sensor, an alarm module and a maintenance module. The water level sensor is used to monitor the water level, the alarm module is used to give a warning when a fault occurs, and the maintenance module is used to ensure the stable operation of the trash rack.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention improves the original grid sheets into arched grid sheets. The arched trash rack has more stable structural characteristics, and at the same time can increase the water passing section and reduce the head loss. Aiming at the problem of difficult trash cleaning of the trash rack, the present invention, with the synergistic effect of the arched trash rack, the automatic brushing system, the dirt conveying power system and the real-time detection system, automates, efficiently and intelligently the trash cleaning process of the traditional trash rack, greatly increasing the flow capacity of the trash rack and solving the problem of difficult dirt cleaning. At the same time, by applying new concepts, new structures and new technologies, it reduces the problems of easy deformation of the traditional trash rack structure, large head loss of the passing water and difficult dirt cleaning. The self-cleaning ability of the present invention is very good, and it has good practical value and economic benefits.

[0016] The arched trash rack is a curved surface structure that better fits the flow pattern of water, and it is not easy to change the water flow pattern. Under the same material size, the circular arc structure can withstand a greater impact force, and it can better maintain the structural stability under the action of high-speed water flow. And under the same strength, the designed thickness is smaller, which can save materials and reduce water flow disturbance. Compared with the beam structure, under the action of the same bending moment, the arched structure uses a thinner material thickness than the beam to bear the bending moment, which is more conducive to increasing the water passing section, reducing the flow velocity through the rack, and thus reducing the head loss. The hydropower station can utilize more water energy, and there is no need to stop the machine during the trash cleaning process. The arched trash rack can pass water normally while cleaning the trash, effectively improving the working efficiency of the hydropower station. In addition, because the arched trash rack is a curved surface structure, by using the water flow impact and the gentle inclination angle of the curved surface, the dirt is washed by the water flow and moves to both sides, making it more convenient for the dirt cleaning device to clean the dirt to both sides.

[0017] The automatic control system for loading monitoring, operation, alarm and maintenance is equipped with automatic cleaning brushes, dirt conveyor belts and other automatic control equipment, effectively reducing manual operations and improving operation stability, realizing an accurate, environmentally friendly, efficient and energy-saving sewage discharge process.

[0018] By using a pressure sensor and an underwater camera to intelligently monitor the accumulation degree of dirt on the upstream side of the trash rack, it can achieve dirt monitoring without dead corners in the entire water passing section, overcoming the problem that the traditional trash rack cannot effectively observe the accumulation of dirt in the underwater part. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the arched trash rack bar.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the end of the arched trash rack bar.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation mode of the conveyor belt.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a view of the dirt-transferring working frame of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, side column; 2, arched trash rack bars; 3, dirt-transferring power system; 4, automatic dirt-cleaning system; 21, connecting handle; 22, inclined plate; 31, horizontal section conveyor belt; 32, inclined section conveyor belt; 33, tooth; 34, scraper; 41, cleaning brush; 42, support rod; 43, rotating shaft. Implementation mode

[0027] Example 1: In view of the problems existing in the traditional trash rack, the present invention provides a self-cleaning trash rack based on intelligent water conservancy. As shown in the figure, the trash rack includes side columns 1 installed on both sides of the river channel, arched trash rack bars, an automatic dirt-cleaning system, a dirt-transferring power system, and a real-time detection system installed and fixed based on the side columns. A group of side columns 1 are built on both sides of the river channel, and the uppermost ends of the side columns 1 protrude above the water surface. A plurality of arched trash rack bars 2 are horizontally fixed between the side columns 1, and the arched trash rack bars 2 are gradually away from the side columns 1 from top to bottom to form a trapezoidal structure. An automatic dirt-cleaning system is installed on the bars to clean the underwater dirt blocked by the bars. The dirt-transferring power system is installed on the side columns 1 at both ends of the arched trash rack bars 2. The automatic dirt-cleaning system sweeps the dirt along the bars to both ends of the bars, and the dirt-transferring power system transports the dirt accumulated at both ends to above the side columns, and then the dirt piled up on the side columns is disposed of manually. The real-time detection system is used to monitor the dirt-blocking situation of the bars, and the signals output by the real-time detection system are used to control the operation of the automatic dirt-cleaning system and the dirt-transferring power system to clean the bars. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the arched trash rack bars 2 include semi-circular arc main bodies, and connecting handles 21 are provided at both ends of the main bodies. The arched trash rack bars 2 are fixed on the side columns through the connecting handles 21. Since the bars gradually protrude outwards from top to bottom, the dimensions of the semi-circular arc main body part of the bars remain unchanged, and the connection between the bars and the side columns is realized by increasing the length of the connecting handles 21.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2 and 3 the figure, the arched trash rack bars 2 include semi-circular arc main bodies, and connecting handles 21 are provided at both ends of the main bodies. The arched trash rack bars 2 are fixed on the side columns through the connecting handles 21. Since the bars gradually protrude outwards from top to bottom, the dimensions of the semi-circular arc main body part of the bars remain unchanged, and the connection between the bars and the side columns is realized by increasing the length of the connecting handles 21.

[0029] At the same time, inclined plates 22 protruding outwards are provided at both ends of the semi-circular arc main body of the bars. Since most of the dirt in the river channel is flexible dirt such as waterweeds and plastics, which is easy to be hung and entangled on the bars, the automatic dirt-cleaning system can only push this kind of dirt along the bars to both ends of the bars. Therefore, it is necessary to provide protruding inclined plates 22 at both ends of the bars, and the entangled dirt can be pushed out along the outer side surface of the inclined plates to disengage from the bars, so as to facilitate the dirt-transferring power system to transport the dirt out of the water body.

[0030] The arc-shaped trash rack bars have better stability. Under the same material size, the arc-shaped structure can withstand greater impact force and can better maintain structural stability under the action of high-speed water flow. After using the arched trash rack, it is found through comparison that the head loss through the rack can be reduced by about 60%.

[0031] As Figure 5 shown, the automatic cleaning system 4 includes a cleaning brush 41. The cleaning brush is arranged perpendicular to the bars, installed on the outside of the bars, and is set in a serrated shape. Comb teeth are arranged at intervals on the side facing the bars, and the comb teeth are sleeved between the bars at intervals. Since the whole of the bars protrudes outward layer by layer from top to bottom to form a slope state, the cleaning brush is inclined at the same angle to cooperate with the bars for sleeving.

[0032] At the upper and lower ends of the cleaning brush 41, there are support rods 42. On the support rods 42, there are rotating shafts 43. The rotating shafts 43 are located at the center position of the arched trash rack bars 2. The rotating shafts 43 are parallel to the cleaning brush, and their inclination angles are the same as that of the cleaning brush. The upper rotating shaft of the cleaning brush 41 can be fixed by welding a support rod on the side column, installing a bearing on the support rod, and sleeving the rotating shaft through the bearing. The rotating shaft at the lower end of the cleaning brush 41 is fixed by setting an axle seat at the bottom of the river channel. The cleaning brush is driven to swing in a circular motion along the bars through the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the comb teeth sleeved between the bars sweep the dirt blocked by the bars to both ends of the bars. There are various driving methods for the rotating shaft 43. In this embodiment, the chain drive is taken as an example. A fixed sprocket is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving motor is installed on the side column, and the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven by a chain. The driving motor can be provided with a base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft, so that the output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the rotating shaft.

[0033] As Figure 4 shown, the dirt transmission power system 3 is a conveyor belt structure, specifically including a horizontal conveyor belt 31 located above the side column 1 and an inclined conveyor belt 32 that communicates underwater and has the same inclination angle as the trapezoidal structure formed by the bars. As Figure 1 shown, a part of the inclined conveyor belt 32 overlaps with the inclined plate 22 at the end of the bars. Therefore, the dirt ejected by the inclined plate 22 can directly fall onto the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt takes the dirt out of the water body.

[0034] The upper end of the inclined conveyor belt 32 is connected to the horizontal conveyor belt 31. The dirt conveyed by the inclined conveyor belt 32 is then conveyed and stacked by the horizontal conveyor belt 31. Finally, the stacked dirt can be disposed of manually.

[0035] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, there are pick teeth 33 arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt. The dirt in the water body is conveyed by hooking with the pick teeth. At the same time, a scraper 34 is also installed at the end of the horizontal conveyor belt 31. There are tooth grooves on the scraper 34, and the tooth grooves correspond to the pick teeth 33 on the conveyor belt, which can scrape the dirt without affecting the operation of the conveyor belt.

[0036] As Figure 7 shown, the real-time detection system includes a pressure sensor, an underwater camera and a water level sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the grid bars. The pressure sensor can be installed between the grid bars and the connecting handle 21, or between the connecting handle 21 and the side column 1. When the trash rack is blocked by dirt, the pressure of the river water on the grid bars will increase significantly. When the differential pressure of the trash rack exceeds the specified upper limit value, it indicates that the trash rack is blocked. The signal output by the pressure sensor is used to control the automatic brush cleaning system 4 and the dirt conveying power system 3 to start cleaning the grid bars.

[0037] However, only this method cannot effectively observe the accumulation of sundries in the underwater part of the trash rack, as well as phenomena such as rust and the number of shells adsorbed on the grid body. In case of heavy rain in the community during the flood season, which causes a significant increase in the water level of the reservoir area and a sudden increase in floating objects, it may cause the trash rack to be blocked and the unit to be shut down unexpectedly. Therefore, an underwater camera is also used to monitor the underwater part of the arched trash rack. The lens of the underwater camera faces the trash rack and can comprehensively monitor and identify the trash rack. The type and size of the dirt are identified through the obtained contour, image and other information, and then the accumulation quantity and situation of the dirt in front of the grid are estimated. When the degree of dirt accumulation in front of the arched trash rack reaches the program-set threshold value, the system automatically starts the cleaning operation mode, and the cleaning brush and the conveyor belt start working at the same time to automatically clean the trash rack.

[0038] The water level sensor is used to monitor the water level. The real-time detection system also includes an alarm module and a maintenance module. When phenomena such as serious accumulation of dirt in front of the grid, failure of the trash rack power system, and unexpected obstruction of the rotation of the trash rack occur, the system starts the alarm module to give a warning. When the trash rack system needs to be maintained, repaired and overhauled, the maintenance module ensures the stable operation and service life of the trash rack system.

[0039] The self-cleaning trash rack uses arched bars for trash interception, which is convenient for better stability during the entire self-cleaning process. When the bar sensing system senses that the force on the bars increases to a certain range and the flow rate through the rack changes significantly, it means there is too much debris. The automatic debris cleaning system starts working directly, and the debris on the bars is brushed to both sides by the cleaning brushes, which can minimize the problem of reduced power generation efficiency of the hydropower station caused by the flow. The automatic debris transfer system starts together with the debris cleaning system and transfers the debris to the top for direct collection. This self-cleaning arched trash rack, while ensuring the stability of the traditional trash rack, solves the problem of difficult cleaning of the traditional trash rack, increases the flow area, and reduces the head loss. The intelligent working system also incorporates the trash rack into the intelligent system of the hydropower station. The four working systems work together synergistically, namely the arched bar system, the debris transfer power system, the automatic debris cleaning system, and the real-time detection system. On the basis of improving the strength of the trash rack, the debris cleaning capacity and efficiency are improved.

[0040] Embodiment 2: As Figure 1 shown, since the arched bar 2 of the arched trash rack protrudes gradually outwards from top to bottom and it connects to the side columns through the extended connecting handle 21, the longer the extension length of the arched bar 2 is towards the bottom. And the arched bar 2 lacks other support methods at the bottom of the water, so higher requirements are imposed on the structural strength of the arched bar 2, resulting in an increase in the overall cost.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cleaning brush 41 is further improved. The width of the comb teeth on the cleaning brush 41 is increased so that the comb teeth can abut against the bars, and the bars are supported by the comb teeth. A corresponding sliding component is added between the comb teeth and the bars to avoid sliding wear between the comb teeth and the bars. The sliding component can adopt a roller structure, that is, rollers are installed at the ends of the comb teeth and the rollers are used to slide on the surface of the bars, or the upper and lower ends of the comb teeth are directly set to be arc-shaped, and a wear-resistant layer is provided on the arc-shaped surface, and the arc-shaped ends slide on the surface of the bars.

[0042] In this embodiment, the cleaning brush 41 can be kept in the center of the arched bar 2 of the arched trash rack during normal times, and the strength of the bars is increased by using the comb teeth on the cleaning brush 41 for support.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning trash rack, characterized in that, It includes side columns (1), arched trash rack bars (2), a sewage transmission power system (3), an automatic sewage cleaning system (4), and a real-time detection system. A plurality of arched trash rack bars (2) are horizontally fixed between the side columns (1), and the arched trash rack bars (2) form a trapezoidal structure by gradually moving away from the side columns (1) from top to bottom. An automatic sewage cleaning system is installed on the bars. The sewage transmission power system is installed on the side columns (1) at both ends of the arched trash rack bars (2). The real-time detection system monitors the trash racking situation of the bars and controls the operation of the automatic sewage cleaning system and the sewage transmission power system through the output signal of the real-time detection system to clean the bars; The arched trash rack bar (2) includes a semi-circular arc main body, and connecting handles (21) are arranged at both ends of the main body. The arched trash rack bar (2) is fixed on the side column through the connecting handles (21), and inclined plates (22) protruding outward are arranged at both ends of the semi-circular arc main body of the bar; The automatic sewage cleaning system (4) includes a cleaning brush (41). The cleaning brush is arranged perpendicular to the bar and is installed on the outer side of the bar. The cleaning brush is set in a serrated shape, and comb teeth are arranged at intervals on the side facing the bar, and the comb teeth are sleeved between the bars at intervals; Support rods (42) are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cleaning brush (41), and a rotating shaft (43) is arranged on the support rods (42). The rotating shaft (43) is located at the center position of the arched trash rack bar (2), and the rotating shaft (43) is parallel to the cleaning brush. The cleaning brush is driven to swing along the bar by the rotation of the rotating shaft; The sewage transmission power system (3) is a conveyor belt structure, including a horizontal conveyor belt (31) located above the side column (1) and an inclined conveyor belt (32) that communicates underwater and has the same inclination angle as the trapezoidal structure formed by the bars, and a part of the inclined conveyor belt (32) overlaps with the inclined plate (22) at the end of the bar; The real-time detection system includes a pressure sensor and an underwater camera. The pressure sensor is installed on the bar, and the lens of the underwater camera faces the trash rack and can comprehensively monitor and identify the trash rack.

2. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 1, wherein, Teeth (33) are arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt, and the dirt in the water body is transported by hooking with the teeth. At the same time, a scraper (34) is also installed at the end of the horizontal conveyor belt (31). Tooth grooves are arranged on the scraper (34), and the tooth grooves correspond to the teeth (33) on the conveyor belt.

3. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 1, wherein Increase the width of the comb teeth on the cleaning brush (41), the comb teeth abut against the bar, and corresponding sliding components are added between the comb teeth and the bar.

4. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 3, wherein, The sliding component adopts a roller structure. Rollers are installed at the upper and lower ends of the comb teeth, and the rollers are used to slide on the surface of the bar.

5. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding component adopts an arc-shaped sliding structure. The upper and lower ends of the comb teeth are set in a circular arc shape, and a wear-resistant layer is arranged on the surface of the circular arc, and the arc end slides on the surface of the bar.

6. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed sprocket is installed on the rotating shaft, a driving motor is installed on the side column, and the driving motor and the rotating shaft are connected and driven by a chain. The driving motor can be provided with a base with the same inclination angle as the rotating shaft, so that the output shaft of the driving motor is parallel to the rotating shaft.

7. The self-cleaning trash rack according to claim 1, wherein, The real-time detection system further includes a water level sensor, an alarm module, and a maintenance module. The water level sensor is used to monitor the water level. The alarm module is used to give a warning when a fault occurs. The maintenance module is used to ensure the stable operation of the trash rack.

Images