Two-speed self-locking winch

Abstract

The present invention discloses a two-speed self-locking winch, which comprises a motor, a winch housing, a drum, a transmission coupling and a transmission shaft. A brake mechanism, a primary planetary reduction assembly and a secondary planetary reduction assembly are sequentially arranged inside the drum. The secondary planetary reduction assembly is connected to the drum through a spline. The transmission coupling is connected to the primary planetary reduction assembly, and the brake mechanism is meshingly connected to the primary planetary reduction assembly. The transmission shaft is arranged between the primary planetary reduction assembly and the secondary planetary reduction assembly, and a clutch mechanism for pushing its axial movement is provided at the end of the transmission shaft. The clutch mechanism is installed on the side surface of the winch housing. The clutch mechanism comprises a clutch handle and a clutch cam. When the clutch handle is rotated, the clutch cam drives the transmission shaft to axially move. In the present invention, the clutch cam on the clutch mechanism drives the transmission shaft to move, so that the transmission shaft meshes with the primary planetary reduction assembly and the secondary planetary reduction assembly respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the winch speed, and realizing automatic braking through the brake mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of winches, and particularly relates to a two-speed self-locking winch. Background Art

[0002] Winches are widely used in scenarios such as recreational off-roading, engineering rescue, metallurgy, exploration, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, and oil and mineral extraction. Currently, winches at home and abroad usually consist of a motor, a drum, a brake, a reducer, a clutch, a controller, and a steel wire rope. The power between the motor and the drum is connected by a reducer, so that the steel wire rope wound around the drum can generate a large traction force to achieve the traction function, and basically can meet the requirements of various working conditions. However, with the increasing living standards and the requirements of working condition technologies, more users have higher requirements for the winch speed. Most existing electric winches are single-speed winches with clutch control, but the application range of such single-speed winches is relatively limited, and it is difficult to apply to the operation of multi-speed traction working conditions, with poor versatility.

[0003] During the use of the winch, in order to prevent the problem of traction failure, the winch needs to have an automatic braking function. When the winch stops rotating, the traction rope of the winch can be automatically locked through the braking device to prevent traction failure. Currently, most of the braking devices used in winches are expansion spring type, and the winch stops moving by the relative friction between the reverse expansion torsion spring and the brake sleeve. However, a large amount of heat energy will be generated by the long-term friction, which will affect the winch components, and the braking bearing capacity relying only on relative friction is not high, and it cannot adapt to the scenario with too large traction force. Therefore, it is necessary to design a two-speed self-locking winch to overcome the above difficulties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention designs a two-speed self-locking winch. The present invention drives the transmission shaft to move through the clutch cam on the clutch mechanism, so that the transmission shaft meshes with the first-stage planetary reduction assembly and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the winch speed, and realizing automatic braking through the braking mechanism.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A two-speed self-locking winch, comprising a motor, a winch housing, a drum, a transmission coupling and a transmission shaft. A brake mechanism, a first-stage planetary reduction assembly and a second-stage planetary reduction assembly are successively arranged inside the drum. The second-stage planetary reduction assembly is connected to the drum by splines; the motor is installed on the left side of the winch housing and is spline-connected to one end of the transmission coupling, and the other end of the transmission coupling is connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly. The brake mechanism is meshed and connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly; the transmission shaft is arranged between the first-stage planetary reduction assembly and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly, and a clutch mechanism for pushing its axial movement is provided at the end of the transmission shaft; the clutch mechanism is installed on the side of the winch housing and includes a clutch handle and a clutch cam. When the clutch handle is rotated, the clutch cam drives the transmission shaft to move axially.

[0006] Preferably, the first-stage planetary reduction assembly includes a first-stage sun gear, first-stage planet gears, a first-stage ring gear and a first-stage planet carrier. The second-stage planetary reduction assembly includes a second-stage sun gear, second-stage planet gears, a second-stage ring gear and a second-stage planet carrier; the first-stage sun gear is installed on the winch housing through a bearing and is drivingly connected to one end of the transmission coupling. The first-stage ring gear and the second-stage ring gear are both installed inside the winch housing. The first-stage planet gears are installed on the first-stage planet carrier and are respectively meshed with the end of the first-stage sun gear and the first-stage ring gear; the second-stage planet carrier is installed inside the winch housing through a bearing and is spline-connected to the drum. The transmission shaft is installed inside the second-stage planet carrier through a bearing; the second-stage sun gear is sleeved on the outer layer of the transmission shaft. The second-stage planet gears are installed on the second-stage planet carrier and are respectively meshed with the second-stage sun gear and the second-stage ring gear; an external spline is provided at the end of the transmission shaft, a first internal spline is provided inside the first-stage planet carrier, and a second internal spline is provided inside the second-stage sun gear; the end of the transmission shaft is connected to the clutch cam. When the clutch handle is rotated, the clutch cam drives the transmission shaft to move axially.

[0007] When the motor works, it drives the first-stage sun gear to rotate through the transmission coupling. When the external spline on the transmission shaft is simultaneously meshed with the first internal spline and the second internal spline, at this time, the first-stage planetary reduction assembly and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly rotate synchronously, thereby realizing secondary reduction and making the winch in the low-speed gear; when the external spline on the transmission shaft disengages from the second internal spline and only meshes with the first internal spline, at this time, only the first-stage planetary reduction assembly is used for reduction, making the winch in the high-speed gear.

[0008] Preferably, the clutch mechanism includes a clutch end cover, a clutch handle, a clutch cam, a clutch drive column, a clutch spring, and a sliding pin; an annular groove is provided at the end of the transmission shaft, and the annular groove is inserted into the clutch cam; a limit pin fixedly connected thereto is provided in the clutch cam, and the end of the limit pin is stuck in the annular groove; a hexagonal transmission portion is provided at a position of the transmission shaft close to the annular groove, and a hexagonal inner hole is provided in the secondary planet carrier, and the outer contour of the hexagonal transmission portion matches the outer contour of the hexagonal inner hole; the clutch handle is installed on the clutch end cover through a snap ring and can rotate relative thereto, and the clutch end cover is fixedly installed on the winch housing; the clutch cam is sleeved and installed between the clutch handle and the clutch end cover; a clutch drive column fixedly connected thereto is provided on the clutch handle, and a sliding pin for restricting the rotation of the clutch cam is provided on the clutch end cover; a clutch spring is provided between the clutch cam and the secondary planet carrier, one end of the clutch spring abuts against the secondary planet carrier, and the other end abuts against the clutch cam.

[0009] When the clutch handle is rotated, the clutch drive column on the clutch handle will push the clutch cam to move axially. Since the sliding pin is stuck on the clutch cam, the clutch cam will not rotate by itself; the clutch cam and the transmission shaft are connected by a limit pin, and the limit pin is installed in the annular groove, so that the transmission shaft can rotate relative to the clutch cam, and at the same time, the transmission shaft can be driven to move when the clutch cam moves. The clutch spring is a compression spring. By squeezing the clutch cam with the clutch spring, the clutch cam always has a tendency to move closer to the clutch end cover, so that the clutch cam can be stably positioned in the corresponding gear. When the end of the transmission shaft approaches the clutch end cover, the external spline is disengaged from the first internal spline, and the hexagonal transmission portion on the transmission shaft is disengaged from the hexagonal inner hole in the secondary planet carrier. At this time, the clutch mechanism is in the neutral state.

[0010] Preferably, a transition slope is provided on the clutch cam, and a neutral position limit groove, a low-speed gear limit groove, and a high-speed gear limit groove are provided on the transition slope. The clutch drive column is fixed on the clutch handle and is slidably connected to the transition slope; a sliding pin is fixed on the clutch end cover, and a sliding limit groove for inserting the sliding pin is provided on the clutch cam; a limit pin is fixed on the clutch cam, and the limit pin is slidably inserted into the annular groove at one end of the transmission shaft. When the clutch cam slides along the axis, the transmission shaft is driven to slide; when the clutch drive column slides along the transition slope, the clutch cam drives the transmission shaft to move axially, and when the transmission shaft moves, the hexagonal transmission portion moves axially relative to the hexagonal inner hole.

[0011] When the clutch handle is rotated, the clutch drive column will move along the transition ramp; when the clutch drive column is stuck in the neutral position limiting groove, the low-speed gear limiting groove and the high-speed gear limiting groove respectively, the horizontal distance between the clutch cam and the clutch end cover is different, so the meshing states of the external spline on the transmission shaft with the first internal spline and the second internal spline are different, thus facilitating the shifting of the clutch mechanism; when the clutch drive column is stuck in the neutral position limiting groove, the transmission shaft is arranged close to the clutch end cover, the external spline is disengaged from the first internal spline and the external spline is engaged with the second internal spline, and the hexagonal transmission part on the transmission shaft is disengaged from the hexagonal internal hole in the secondary planetary carrier, and the clutch mechanism is in the neutral position; when the clutch drive column is stuck in the low-speed gear limiting groove, the transmission shaft moves leftward from the neutral position, so that the external spline is engaged with both the first internal spline and the second internal spline at the same time, and the hexagonal transmission part on the transmission shaft is disengaged from the hexagonal internal hole in the secondary planetary carrier, and the first-stage planetary reduction assembly and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly work simultaneously, and the clutch mechanism is in the low-speed gear position; when the clutch drive column is stuck in the high-speed gear limiting groove, the transmission shaft continues to move leftward from the low-speed gear position, the external spline is only engaged with the first internal spline, and the hexagonal transmission part on the transmission shaft coincides with the hexagonal internal hole in the secondary planetary carrier, and at this time the clutch mechanism is in the high-speed gear position. The clutch spring keeps the clutch cam in a tendency to approach the clutch end cover, so that the clutch drive column is pressed tightly in the limiting grooves of different gears at different gears, and the clutch handle is not easily rotated during non-artificial operation, improving the stability of the clutch mechanism during use.

[0012] Preferably, the transition ramp is a semi-circular arc, and the neutral position limiting groove, the low-speed gear limiting groove and the high-speed gear limiting groove are respectively located at the bottom, the middle position and the top of the transition ramp; the clutch handle is provided with a gear position indicating arrow, and the outer side of the clutch end cover is provided with a first gear position mark, a second gear position mark and a third gear position mark.

[0013] Preferably, the braking mechanism includes a brake disc assembly, a connecting column, a brake drive disc and a brake ring, the brake ring is fixedly installed in the winch housing, and the brake disc assembly is installed in the brake ring; one end of the transmission coupling is meshed and connected with the output shaft of the motor through splines, an outer ring disc that rotates synchronously with it is arranged on the transmission coupling, and the brake drive disc is coaxially and fixedly installed on the outer ring disc through the connecting column; the first-stage planetary reduction assembly includes a first-stage sun gear, one end of the first-stage sun gear penetrates into the transmission coupling, and the other end of the first-stage sun gear is meshed and connected with the brake disc assembly through splines.

[0014] When the winch is not working, the brake disc assembly locks the braking mechanism. When the winch winds or unwinds the rope, the motor rotates and drives the transmission coupling to rotate. When the transmission coupling rotates, it drives the brake drive disc to rotate synchronously, so that the braking mechanism is unlocked, realizing the normal operation of the winch.

[0015] Preferably, the brake disc assembly includes a brake disc body, brake pads, and friction blocks. The brake pads and friction blocks are installed inside the brake disc body. A brake drive rod perpendicular to the side of the brake pad is provided. A number of limit slot holes are evenly distributed in a circle on the brake disc body, and the brake drive rod is inserted into the limit slot holes and slidably engaged with them. The brake drive disc is hollow and has a driving surface on its inner ring. One end of the brake drive rod passes through the inner ring of the brake drive disc and is slidably engaged with the driving surface. A first spring is provided between the bottom of the brake pad and the brake disc body. The surface of the friction block is provided with outwardly protruding sliding strips, and a sliding groove slidably engaged with the sliding strips is provided inside the brake disc body. The outer contour of the sliding strip and the sliding groove match each other. A second spring is provided between the bottom of the friction block and the brake disc body. When the brake drive disc pushes the brake drive rod, the brake pad and the friction block slide synchronously along the radial direction of the brake disc body.

[0016] When the brake drive disc rotates, it will push the brake drive rod to move along the direction where the limit slot holes are located. In this way, the brake pad will move towards the inner ring of the brake disc body, and at the same time drive the friction block to move towards the inner ring of the brake disc body. In this way, the brake mechanism will switch from the locked state to the unlocked state. The first spring and the second spring are both compression springs, so that the brake pad and the friction block always have a tendency to move along the radial direction of the brake disc body towards the outer edge of the brake disc body.

[0017] Preferably, first limit strips are provided on both sides of the brake pad adjacent to the friction block, and second limit strips are provided on both sides of the friction block. The first limit strip and the second limit strip are adjacent and offset up and down. The first limit strip is arranged close to the outer edge of the brake disc body, and the second limit strip is arranged close to the inner ring of the brake disc body. When the brake pad and the friction block are both inside the brake disc body, the tops of the brake pad and the friction block are both lower than the outer edge of the brake disc body. The limit slot holes are waist-shaped holes, the brake disc body is disc-shaped, and when the brake drive rod is at the eccentric end of the limit slot hole, the tops of the brake pad and the friction block are both higher than the outer edge of the brake disc body. The top of the friction block is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the inner ring of the brake ring is provided with a friction ring that cooperates with the wear-resistant layer. The inner ring of the brake ring is also provided with a brake locking slot for inserting the brake pad.

[0018] Viewed along the radial direction of the brake disc body, the first limit strip is relatively located outside the second limit strip. When the brake pad slides radially inward along the brake disc body, the first limit strip contacts the second limit strip and drives the friction block to slide inward together. When the brake pad and the friction block are at the innermost radial position, the tops of the brake pad and the friction block are both lower than the outer edge of the brake disc body. When the brake pad and the friction block are at the outermost radial position, the tops of the brake pad and the friction block are both higher than the outer edge of the brake disc body and the top of the brake pad is higher than the top of the friction block. The top of the friction block is provided with a wear-resistant layer, and the inner ring of the brake ring is provided with a brake locking slot and a friction ring. The brake pad can be inserted into the brake locking slot.

[0019] Preferably, an inner lug is provided at one end of the transmission coupling away from the motor, and an outer lug is provided at one end of the first-stage sun gear passing through the transmission coupling. There is an included angle between the inner lug and the outer lug.

[0020] Through the setting of the included angle, the transmission coupling and the first-stage sun gear form a delayed transmission. When the motor rotates, the brake disc assembly is first driven by the transmission coupling to release the brake, and then the first-stage sun gear is driven to rotate by the lug, realizing the normal operation of the winch.

[0021] Preferably, the number of both the inner lugs and the outer lugs is four, and the included angle between them is 45 degrees.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can simultaneously complete the clutch and gear shifting functions through the clutch handle. The clutch mechanism controls the sliding of the transmission shaft to engage with different levels of speed reducers, so that the winch can be conveniently switched between the neutral gear, low-speed gear, and high-speed gear, with convenient operation, simple and reliable structure. The transmission coupling, the brake disc assembly, and the first-stage sun gear form a delayed transmission. Whether the motor rotates forward or backward, the brake will be released first and then the reduction assembly will be driven to transmit, so as to realize the normal rope winding or rope releasing of the winch. When braking, the speed is first reduced through the friction between the friction block and the friction ring, and then the brake block is inserted into the brake locking groove, and the brake disc body and the brake ring are relatively locked, realizing the reverse automatic locking brake of the winch while reducing friction heat generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the winch of the present invention in the neutral gear state;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the winch of the present invention in the low-speed gear state;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the winch of the present invention in the high-speed gear state;

[0026] Figure 4 is Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of position A in

[0027] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the clutch mechanism;

[0028] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the clutch mechanism from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a right view of the winch of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional view of the clutch cam;

[0031] Figure 9 Explosion diagram of the braking mechanism;

[0032] Figure 10 Explosion diagram of the brake disc assembly;

[0033] Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of the brake disc assembly;

[0034] Figure 12 Stereogram of the transmission coupling;

[0035] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of the present invention in the locked state;

[0036] Figure 14 Cross-sectional view of the braking mechanism of the present invention in the locked state;

[0037] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of the present invention in the frictional braking state;

[0038] Figure 16 Cross-sectional view of the braking mechanism of the present invention in the frictional braking state;

[0039] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the braking mechanism of the present invention in the non-braking state;

[0040] Figure 18 Cross-sectional view of the braking mechanism in the non-braking state.

[0041] Markings in the figure: 1. Motor; 2. Winch housing; 3. Drum; 4. Transmission coupling; 41. Outer ring disc; 42. Inner lug; 5. Brake mechanism; 51. Brake disc assembly; 510. Brake disc body; 5101. Limit slot hole; 5102. Slide groove; 511. Brake block; 5111. Brake drive rod; 5112. First limit strip; 512. Friction block; 5121. Slide bar; 5122. Second limit strip; 5123. Wear-resistant layer; 513. First spring; 514. Second spring; 52. Connecting column; 53. Brake drive disc; 531. Driving surface; 54. Brake ring; 541. Brake locking groove; 542. Friction ring; 6. First-stage planetary reduction assembly; 61. First-stage sun gear; 611. Outer lug; 62. First-stage planetary gear; 63. First-stage ring gear; 64. First-stage planetary carrier; 641. First internal spline; 7. Transmission shaft; 71. Outer spline; 72. Hexagonal transmission part; 73. Annular groove; 8. Second-stage planetary reduction assembly; 81. Second-stage sun gear; 811. Second internal spline; 82. Second-stage planetary gear; 83. Second-stage ring gear; 84. Second-stage planetary carrier; 841. Hexagonal internal hole; 9. Clutch mechanism; 91. Clutch handle; 92. Clutch end cover; 93. Clutch cam; 931. Transition slope; 932. Neutral position limit slot; 933. Low-speed gear limit slot; 934. High-speed gear limit slot; 935. Sliding limit slot; 94. Clutch drive column; 95. Clutch spring; 96. Limit pin; 97. Sliding pin; 10. Gear position indicating arrow; 11. First gear position mark; 12. Second gear position mark; 13. Third gear position mark. Detailed implementation mode

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0043] As Figures 1 to 18 shown, this embodiment discloses a two-speed self-locking winch, including a motor 1, a winch housing 2, a drum 3, a transmission coupling 4 and a transmission shaft 7. A brake mechanism 5, a first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6 and a second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8 are sequentially arranged in the drum 3. The second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8 is connected to the drum 3 through a spline; the motor 1 is installed on the left side of the winch housing 2 and is spline-connected to one end of the transmission coupling 4. The other end of the transmission coupling 4 is connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6. The brake mechanism 5 is meshed and connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6; the transmission shaft 7 is arranged between the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6 and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8, and a clutch mechanism 9 for pushing its axial movement is provided at the end of the transmission shaft 7; the clutch mechanism 9 is installed on the side of the winch housing 2. The clutch mechanism 9 includes a clutch handle 91 and a clutch cam 93. When the clutch handle 91 is rotated, the clutch cam 93 drives the transmission shaft 7 to move axially.

[0044] The first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6 includes a first-stage sun gear 61, first-stage planet gears 62, a first-stage ring gear 63, and a first-stage planet carrier 64. The second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8 includes a second-stage sun gear 81, second-stage planet gears 82, a second-stage ring gear 83, and a second-stage planet carrier 84. The first-stage sun gear 61 is mounted on the winch housing 2 through a bearing and is drivingly connected to one end of the transmission coupling 4. The first-stage ring gear 63 and the second-stage ring gear 83 are both mounted inside the winch housing 2. The first-stage planet gears 62 are mounted on the first-stage planet carrier 64 and are respectively meshed with the end of the first-stage sun gear 61 and the first-stage ring gear 63. The second-stage planet carrier 84 is mounted inside the winch housing 2 through a bearing and is splined to the drum 3. The transmission shaft 7 is mounted inside the second-stage planet carrier 84 through a bearing. The second-stage sun gear 81 is sleeved on the outer layer of the transmission shaft 7. The second-stage planet gears 82 are mounted on the second-stage planet carrier 84 and are respectively meshed with the second-stage sun gear 81 and the second-stage ring gear 83. An external spline 71 is provided at the end of the transmission shaft 7. A first internal spline 641 is provided inside the first-stage planet carrier 64. A second internal spline 811 is provided inside the second-stage sun gear 81. The end of the transmission shaft 7 is connected to the clutch cam 93. When the clutch handle 91 is rotated, the clutch cam 93 drives the transmission shaft 7 to move axially.

[0045] The clutch mechanism 9 includes a clutch end cover 92, a clutch handle 91, a clutch cam 93, a clutch drive post 94, a clutch spring 95, and a sliding pin 97. An annular groove 73 is provided at the end of the transmission shaft 7, and the annular groove 73 is inserted into the clutch cam 93. A limit pin 96 fixedly connected to the clutch cam 93 is provided inside the clutch cam 93, and the end of the limit pin 96 is stuck in the annular groove 73. A hexagonal drive portion 72 is provided at a position of the transmission shaft 7 close to the annular groove 73. A hexagonal inner hole 841 is provided inside the second-stage planet carrier 84, and the outer contour of the hexagonal drive portion 72 matches the outer contour of the hexagonal inner hole 841. The clutch handle 91 is mounted on the clutch end cover 92 through a snap ring and can rotate relative thereto. The clutch end cover 92 is fixedly mounted on the winch housing 2. The clutch cam 93 is sleeved between the clutch handle 91 and the clutch end cover 92. A clutch drive post 94 fixedly connected to the clutch handle 91 is provided on the clutch handle 91. A sliding pin 97 for restricting the rotation of the clutch cam 93 is provided on the clutch end cover 92. A clutch spring 95 is provided between the clutch cam 93 and the second-stage planet carrier 84. One end of the clutch spring 95 abuts against the second-stage planet carrier 84, and the other end abuts against the clutch cam 93.

[0046] The clutch cam 93 is provided with a transition ramp 931, and a neutral position limiting groove 932, a low-speed gear position limiting groove 933 and a high-speed gear position limiting groove 934 are arranged on the transition ramp 931. The clutch driving column 94 is fixed on the clutch handle 91 and is slidably connected with the transition ramp 931. A sliding pin 97 is fixed on the clutch end cover 92, and a sliding limiting groove 935 for inserting the sliding pin 97 is arranged on the clutch cam 93. A limiting pin 96 is fixed on the clutch cam 93, and the limiting pin 96 is slidably inserted into an annular groove 73 at one end of the transmission shaft 7. When the clutch cam 93 slides along the axis, the transmission shaft 7 is driven to slide. When the clutch driving column 94 slides along the transition ramp 931, the clutch cam 93 drives the transmission shaft 7 to axially move. When the transmission shaft 7 moves, the hexagonal transmission part 72 axially moves relative to the hexagonal inner hole 841. The transition ramp 931 is a semi-circular arc, and the neutral position limiting groove 932, the low-speed gear position limiting groove 933 and the high-speed gear position limiting groove 934 are respectively located at the bottom, the middle position and the top of the transition ramp 931. The clutch handle 91 is provided with a gear position indicating arrow 10, and a first gear position mark 11, a second gear position mark 12 and a third gear position mark 13 are arranged on the outer side of the clutch end cover 92.

[0047] The braking mechanism 5 includes a brake disc assembly 51, a connecting column 52, a brake drive disc 53 and a brake ring 54. The brake ring 54 is fixedly installed in the winch housing 2, and the brake disc assembly 51 is installed in the brake ring 54. One end of the transmission coupling 4 is meshed and connected with the output shaft of the motor 1 through a spline. An outer ring disc 41 that rotates synchronously with it is provided on the transmission coupling 4. The brake drive disc 53 is coaxially and fixedly installed on the outer ring disc 41 through the connecting column 52 and the transmission coupling 4. The first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6 includes a first-stage sun gear 61. One end of the first-stage sun gear 61 is inserted into the transmission coupling 4, and the other end of the first-stage sun gear 61 is meshed and connected with the brake disc assembly 51 through a spline. The brake disc assembly 51 includes a brake disc body 510, brake pads 511 and friction blocks 512. The brake pads 511 and the friction blocks 512 are installed in the brake disc body 510. A brake drive rod 5111 perpendicular to the side surface of the brake pad 511 is provided. A number of circumferentially uniformly distributed limit slot holes 5101 are provided on the brake disc body 510. The brake drive rod 5111 is inserted into the limit slot holes 5101 and is slidably matched with them. The brake drive disc 53 is hollow and a driving surface 531 is provided on the inner ring. One end of the brake drive rod 5111 passes through the inner ring of the brake drive disc 53 and is slidably matched with the driving surface 531. A first spring 513 is provided between the bottom of the brake pad 511 and the brake disc body 510. The surface of the friction block 512 is provided with an outwardly convex slide bar 5121. A chute 5102 slidably matched with the slide bar 5121 is provided in the brake disc body 510. The outer contour of the slide bar 5121 and the chute 5102 match each other. A second spring 514 is provided between the bottom of the friction block 512 and the brake disc body 510. When the brake drive disc 53 pushes the brake drive rod 5111, the brake pads 511 and the friction blocks 512 slide synchronously along the radial direction of the brake disc body 510.Both sides of the brake block 511 adjacent to the friction block 512 are provided with first limiting strips 5112, and both sides of the friction block 512 are provided with second limiting strips 5122; the first limiting strips 5112 and the second limiting strips 5122 are adjacent and arranged in a vertically staggered manner, the first limiting strips 5112 are arranged close to the outer edge of the brake disc body 510, and the second limiting strips 5122 are arranged close to the inner ring of the brake disc body 510; when both the brake block 511 and the friction block 512 are inside the brake disc body 510, the tops of the brake block 511 and the friction block 512 are both lower than the outer edge of the brake disc body 510; the limiting slot hole 5101 is an oval hole, the brake disc body 510 is disc-shaped, and when the brake driving rod 5111 is at the eccentric end of the limiting slot hole 5101, the tops of the brake block 511 and the friction block 512 are both higher than the outer edge of the brake disc body 510; a wear-resistant layer 5123 is provided on the top of the friction block 512, and a braking friction ring 542 that cooperates with the wear-resistant layer 5123 is provided on the inner ring of the brake ring 54; a brake locking slot 541 for inserting the brake block 511 is further provided on the inner ring of the brake ring 54.

[0048] An inner lug 42 is provided at one end of the transmission coupling 4 away from the motor 1, an outer lug 611 is provided at one end of the first-stage sun gear 61 inserted into the transmission coupling 4, and there is an included angle between the inner lug 42 and the outer lug 611. The number of both the inner lug 42 and the outer lug 611 is four, and the included angle between them is 45 degrees.

[0049] The specific operation process of this embodiment is as follows, as Figures 13 to 14 shown, when the winch is not working, the brake block 511 and the friction block 512 move outward along the radial direction of the brake disc body 510 under the elastic force of the first spring 513 and the second spring 514, the brake block 511 is inserted into the brake locking slot 541, and the wear-resistant layer 5123 on the top of the friction block 512 presses against the friction ring 542 of the brake ring 54, and the brake mechanism 5 of the winch is in the brake locking state; as Figures 15 to 16 shown, when the winch winds or unwinds the rope, whether the motor 1 rotates forward or backward, it will drive the transmission coupling 4 to rotate. Due to the time-delay transmission between the transmission coupling 4 and the first-stage sun gear 61, in the previous stage of the time-delay transmission, the transmission coupling 4 drives the brake driving disc 53 to rotate, the brake disc assembly 51 is in the brake locking state, and the first-stage sun gear 61 cannot rotate; when the brake driving disc 53 rotates, the driving surface 531 drives the brake block 511 to move inward along the radial direction of the brake disc body 510 through the brake driving rod 5111, and the brake block 511 disengages from the brake locking slot 541. At this time, the friction block 512 is still pressed against the brake ring 54; as Figures 17 to 18As shown, the brake drive disc 53 continues to rotate, driving the brake block 511 to move towards the center of the brake disc body 510. The first limiting strip 5112 pushes the second limiting strip 5122, thereby driving the friction block 512 to move inward together; the wear-resistant layer 5123 of the friction block 512 is disengaged from the friction ring 542, and the brake mechanism 5 is in a released state; in the latter stage of the delayed transmission, the inner lug 42 of the transmission coupling 4 contacts the outer lug 611 of the first sun gear 61, driving the first sun gear 61 and the brake disc assembly 51 to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the first planetary reduction assembly 6 and the second planetary reduction assembly 8 to operate, and realizing the normal operation of the winch.

[0050] When it is necessary to stop the winch or the motor 1 stops rotating when the winch has an abnormal situation, the steel wire rope drives the drum 3 to rotate in the reverse direction under the force state, and the power is transmitted in the reverse direction, causing the first sun gear 61 to rotate in the reverse direction and driving the brake disc assembly 51 to rotate in the reverse direction; since the motor 1 does not work, the transmission coupling 4 and the brake drive disc 53 do not rotate; when the brake disc assembly 51 rotates in the reverse direction, the brake block 511 moves outward along the radial direction of the brake disc body 510 under the action of the first spring 513, and the friction block 512 also moves outward under the action of the second spring 514. First, the wear-resistant layer 5123 contacts the friction ring 542, generating relative friction to decelerate the brake disc assembly 51. After the brake disc assembly 51 continues to rotate a certain angle, the brake block 511 is inserted into the brake locking groove 541, and the winch realizes automatic brake locking.

[0051] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, when the gear indication arrow 10 on the clutch handle 91 points to the first gear mark 11 on the clutch end cover, the clutch drive column 94 is stuck in the neutral position limiting groove 932, and the outer spline 71 of the transmission shaft 7 is disengaged from the first inner spline 641 of the first planetary carrier 64, and the outer spline 71 only meshes with the second inner spline 811 of the second sun gear 81. At this time, there is no transmission connection formed between the first planetary reduction assembly 6 and the second planetary reduction assembly 8, and the power of the motor 1 cannot be transmitted backward, and the winch is in the neutral state, and the drum 3 can be freely rotated manually.

[0052] Rotate the clutch handle 91 clockwise. The clutch drive column 94 moves out of the neutral position limiting groove 932, slides on the transition slope 931, and pushes the clutch cam 93 and the transmission shaft 7 to move axially to the left. When the gear position indicating arrow 10 on the clutch handle 91 points to the second gear position mark 12 on the clutch end cover 92, the clutch drive column 94 is stuck in the low-speed gear limiting groove 933. The external spline 71 of the transmission shaft 7 meshes with the first internal spline 641 of the first-stage planetary carrier 64 and the second internal spline 811 of the second-stage sun gear 81 at the same time. At this time, a transmission connection is formed between the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6 and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8 through the transmission shaft 7. The first-stage planetary carrier 64 drives the second-stage sun gear 81 to rotate, and the winch is in the low-speed gear state. The power of the motor 1 is transmitted to the drum 3 after being reduced by two-stage planetary reduction, causing the drum 3 to rotate at a low speed.

[0053] Continue to rotate the clutch handle 91 clockwise. The clutch drive column 94 moves out of the low-speed gear limiting groove 933, slides on the transition slope 931, and pushes the clutch cam 93 and the transmission shaft 7 to continue moving axially to the left. When the gear position indicating arrow 10 on the clutch handle 91 points to the second gear position mark 13 on the clutch end cover 92, the clutch drive column 94 is stuck in the high-speed gear limiting groove 934. The external spline 71 of the transmission shaft 7 disengages from the second internal spline 811 of the second-stage sun gear 81, and the external spline 71 only meshes with the first internal spline 641 of the first-stage planetary carrier 64. The hexagonal transmission part 72 forms a transmission connection with the hexagonal inner hole 841. At this time, the first-stage planetary carrier 64 drives the second-stage planetary carrier 84 to rotate directly without being decelerated by the second-stage planetary reduction assembly 8. The winch is in the high-speed gear state. The power of the motor 1 is transmitted to the drum 3 only after being reduced by the first-stage planetary reduction assembly 6, causing the drum 3 to rotate at a high speed.

[0054] When switching back from the high-speed gear to the low-speed gear or the neutral position, rotate the clutch handle 91 counterclockwise. The clutch spring 95 pushes the clutch cam 93 to move axially to the right, thereby driving the transmission shaft 7 to move and completing the gear position switching.

[0055] In summary, the clutch and gear shift of the present invention are combined into one. Operating a clutch handle 92 can complete the clutch and high / low-speed gear position switching. The structure is compact and the operation is simple; double braking is achieved through the relative friction between the friction block 512 and the brake ring 54 and the insertion of the brake block 511 into the brake locking groove 541. Since the friction stroke is short, it only plays a role in deceleration, does not generate too much heat, and can reduce the impact between the brake block 511 and the brake locking groove 541. The braking is mainly achieved through self-locking. Once the locking is completed, the drum 3 cannot rotate, and the braking effect is reliable.

[0056] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar means for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A two-speed self-locking winch, comprising a motor (1), a winch housing (2), a drum (3), a transmission coupling (4) and a transmission shaft (7), characterized in that, A brake mechanism (5), a first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6), and a second-stage planetary reduction assembly (8) are sequentially arranged inside the drum (3). The second-stage planetary reduction assembly (8) is connected to the drum (3) through a spline. The motor (1) is installed on the left side of the winch housing (2) and is spline-connected to one end of the transmission coupling (4). The other end of the transmission coupling (4) is connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6). The brake mechanism (5) is meshingly connected to the first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6). A transmission shaft (7) is arranged between the first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6) and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly (8), and a clutch mechanism (9) for pushing its axial movement is provided at the end of the transmission shaft (7). The clutch mechanism (9) is installed on the side of the winch housing (2). The clutch mechanism (9) includes a clutch handle (91) and a clutch cam (93). When the clutch handle (91) is rotated, the clutch cam (93) drives the transmission shaft (7) to axially move. The brake mechanism (5) includes a brake disc assembly (51), a connecting column (52), a brake driving disc (53), and a brake ring (54). The brake ring (54) is fixedly installed inside the winch housing (2), and the brake disc assembly (51) is installed inside the brake ring (54). One end of the transmission coupling (4) is spline-meshingly connected to the output shaft of the motor (1). An outer ring disc (41) that rotates synchronously with it is provided on the transmission coupling (4). The brake driving disc (53) is coaxially and fixedly installed on the outer ring disc (41) through the connecting column (52) and the transmission coupling (4). The first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6) includes a first-stage sun gear (61). One end of the first-stage sun gear (61) is inserted into the transmission coupling (4), and the other end of the first-stage sun gear (61) is spline-meshingly connected to the brake disc assembly (51). The brake disc assembly (51) includes a brake disc body (510), brake blocks (511), and friction blocks (512). The brake blocks (511) and the friction blocks (512) are installed inside the brake disc body (510). A brake driving rod (5111) perpendicular to the side of the brake block (511) is provided. A plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed limit slot holes (5101) are provided on the brake disc body (510). The brake driving rod (5111) is inserted into the limit slot holes (5101) and is slidably matched with them. The brake driving disc (53) is hollow and has a driving surface (531) on its inner circle. One end of the brake driving rod (5111) passes through the inner circle of the brake driving disc (53) and is slidably matched with the driving surface (531). A first spring (513) is provided between the bottom of the brake block (511) and the brake disc body (510). The surface of the friction block (512) is provided with an outwardly protruding slide bar (5121). A slide groove (5102) slidably matched with the slide bar (5121) is provided inside the brake disc body (510). The outer contour of the slide bar (5121) matches that of the slide groove (5102).A second spring (514) is provided between the bottom of the friction block (512) and the brake disc body (510). When the brake drive disc (53) pushes the brake drive rod (5111), the brake block (511) and the friction block (512) slide synchronously along the radial direction of the brake disc body (510).; 2. The double-speed self-locking winch according to claim 1, wherein, The first-stage planetary reduction assembly (6) includes a first-stage sun gear (61), first-stage planetary gears (62), a first-stage ring gear (63), and a first-stage planet carrier (64), and the second-stage planetary reduction assembly (8) includes a second-stage sun gear (81), second-stage planetary gears (82), a second-stage ring gear (83), and a second-stage planet carrier (84); the first-stage sun gear (61) is mounted on the winch housing (2) through a bearing and is drivingly connected to one end of the transmission coupling (4), the first-stage ring gear (63) and the second-stage ring gear (83) are both mounted inside the winch housing (2), the first-stage planetary gears (62) are mounted on the first-stage planet carrier (64) and are respectively meshed with the end of the first-stage sun gear (61) and the first-stage ring gear (63); the second-stage planet carrier (84) is mounted inside the winch housing (2) through a bearing and is splined to the drum (3), and the transmission shaft (7) is mounted inside the second-stage planet carrier (84) through a bearing; the second-stage sun gear (81) is sleeved on the outer layer of the transmission shaft (7), the second-stage planetary gears (82) are mounted on the second-stage planet carrier (84) and are respectively meshed with the second-stage sun gear (81) and the second-stage ring gear (83); an external spline (71) is provided at the end of the transmission shaft (7), a first internal spline (641) is provided inside the first-stage planet carrier (64), and a second internal spline (811) is provided inside the second-stage sun gear (81); the end of the transmission shaft (7) is connected to the clutch cam (93), and when the clutch handle (91) is rotated, the clutch cam (93) drives the transmission shaft (7) to move axially.

3. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clutch mechanism (9) includes a clutch end cover (92), a clutch handle (91), a clutch cam (93), a clutch drive post (94), a clutch spring (95), and a sliding pin (97); an annular groove (73) is provided at the end of the transmission shaft (7), and the annular groove (73) is inserted into the clutch cam (93); a limit pin (96) fixedly connected thereto is provided inside the clutch cam (93), and the end of the limit pin (96) is stuck in the annular groove (73); a hexagonal drive portion (72) is provided at a position of the transmission shaft (7) close to the annular groove (73), a hexagonal internal hole (841) is provided inside the second-stage planet carrier (84), and the outer contour of the hexagonal drive portion (72) matches the outer contour of the hexagonal internal hole (841); the clutch handle (91) is mounted on the clutch end cover (92) through a snap ring and can rotate relative thereto, and the clutch end cover (92) is fixedly mounted on the winch housing (2); the clutch cam (93) is sleeved between the clutch handle (91) and the clutch end cover (92); a clutch drive post (94) fixedly connected thereto is provided on the clutch handle (91), and a sliding pin (97) for restricting the rotation of the clutch cam (93) is provided on the clutch end cover (92); a clutch spring (95) is provided between the clutch cam (93) and the second-stage planet carrier (84), one end of the clutch spring (95) abuts against the second-stage planet carrier (84), and the other end abuts against the clutch cam (93).

4. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clutch cam (93) is provided with a transition slope (931), and the transition slope (931) is provided with a neutral gear limit groove (932), a low-speed gear limit groove (933) and a high-speed gear limit groove (934); the clutch drive column (94) is fixed to the clutch handle (91) and is slidably connected to the transition slope (931); the clutch end cover (92) is fixed with a sliding pin (97), and the clutch cam (93) is provided with a sliding limit groove (932) for inserting the sliding pin (97). 35); the clutch cam (93) is fixed with a limit pin (96), and the limit pin (96) is slidably inserted into an annular groove (73) at one end of the transmission shaft (7); when the clutch cam (93) slides along the axis, it drives the transmission shaft (7) to slide; when the clutch drive column (94) slides along the transition slope (931), the clutch cam (93) drives the transmission shaft (7) to move axially, and when the transmission shaft (7) moves, the hexagonal transmission part (72) moves axially relative to the hexagonal inner hole (841).

5. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transition slope (931) is a semicircular arc, and the neutral gear limit groove (932), the low-speed gear limit groove (933) and the high-speed gear limit groove (934) are respectively located at the bottom, the middle and the top of the transition slope (931); the clutch handle (91) is provided with a gear position indicating arrow (10), and the outer side of the clutch end cover (92) is provided with a first gear position mark (11), a second gear position mark (12) and a third gear position mark (13).

6. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 1, wherein, The brake block (511) and the friction block (512) are both provided with first limit strips (5112) on both sides adjacent to each other, and the friction block (512) is both provided with second limit strips (5122); the first limit strip (5112) and the second limit strip (5122) are adjacent to each other and staggered up and down, the first limit strip (5112) is arranged close to the outer edge of the brake disc body (510), and the second limit strip (5122) is arranged close to the inner ring of the brake disc body (510); when the brake block (511) and the friction block (512) are both inside the brake disc body (510), the top of the brake block (511) and the top of the friction block (512) are both lower than the brake disc body (510). The outer edge of the wheel disc body (510) is set; the limiting slot hole (5101) is a waist-shaped hole, the brake disc body (510) is disc-shaped, and when the brake drive rod (5111) is at the distal end of the limiting slot hole (5101), the top of the brake block (511) and the top of the friction block (512) are both higher than the outer edge of the brake disc body (510); the top of the friction block (512) is provided with a wear-resistant layer (5123), and the inner ring of the brake ring (54) is provided with a brake friction ring (542) that cooperates with the wear-resistant layer (5123); the inner ring of the brake ring (54) is also provided with a brake locking groove (541) for inserting the brake block (511).

7. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 1, wherein One end of the transmission coupling (4) away from the motor (1) is provided with an inner lug (42). One end of the first-stage sun gear (61) inserted into the transmission coupling (4) is provided with an outer lug (611). An included angle is provided between the inner lug (42) and the outer lug (611).

8. The two-speed self-locking winch according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of the inner lugs (42) and the outer lugs (611) is four each, and the included angle between them is 45 degrees.

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