Iron-based polymer precursors, iron-based polymer gel materials and their preparation methods

Abstract

This invention discloses an iron-based polymer precursor, an iron-based polymer gel material, and a preparation method. First, waste iron slag and waste aluminum ash are decomposed, crushed, and ground, then fully activated in salicylic acid and citric acid solutions respectively. These are then thoroughly mixed with a mixture of isopropanol and tetraethyl orthosilicate to form an Al-Fe-Si mixed system solution. The iron-based polymer precursor is obtained by water bath heating, drying, calcination, and grinding. The iron-based polymer precursor is then mixed with an alkaline activator to prepare the iron-based polymer gel. This invention broadens the resource utilization pathways for waste steel and waste aluminum ash, and is of great significance for improving the recycling rate of waste steel and aluminum ash. Simultaneously, this invention overcomes the problem of significant fluctuations in product performance caused by the uncertainty of raw material composition and structure in traditional solid waste-based polymer gel preparation. Furthermore, the production process is simple, the raw materials are widely available, and it has good social and economic value, with great application potential in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization technology, and relates to a geopolymer gel material preparation technology, particularly to an iron-based geopolymer precursor, iron-based geopolymer gel material and preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] To address the threat posed by scrap steel and aluminum ash, research on the resource utilization of waste iron and aluminum materials has gradually increased. The primary method is to recover iron and aluminum from waste iron and aluminum materials as recycled metal materials. However, this method can only utilize a portion of the scrap steel and aluminum ash. For scrap steel, the current comprehensive utilization rate is only 50%, leaving a large amount of waste material abandoned in landfills. The comprehensive utilization of waste aluminum ash faces a similar situation. For solid waste materials with low aluminum content, landfilling is the primary method of disposal, a method that seriously endangers environmental safety. Under different climatic conditions, toxic metal ions can seep into groundwater and produce toxic and odorous gases such as NH3, CH4, PH4, and H2S. This not only occupies a large amount of land but also causes significant environmental pollution. If the utilization pathways for these waste materials can be deepened and expanded, not only can landfill space be saved and the environmental pollution problems caused by solid waste be eliminated, but also significant social and economic value can be created by turning waste into treasure.

[0003] The prior art patent CN113003967A discloses an iron-based polymer gel, its preparation method and application. This patent, by adding soluble iron salts, enables iron ions to partially replace aluminum ions in the CASH aluminum framework, forming CAFSH iron-based polymer gel. By adding CAFSH iron-based polymer gel to building cementitious materials, the dissolution and polymerization process of building cementitious materials in the early stage of hydration can be accelerated, thereby shortening the initial and final setting time of the slurry and improving the degree of reaction in the early stage of hydration. The slurry becomes denser, and its compressive and flexural strengths are improved. However, the iron-based polymer gel material prepared in this invention, according to the descriptions of geopolymers in the book "Alkali-Activated Materials" (published by China Building Materials Industry Press on January 1, 2019, authored by John L. Provis [UK] and Jannie S.J. van Deventer [Australia]) and other monographs, should be called an iron-based alkali-activated material, not a geopolymer. To form the main gel phase, the allowable calcium ion content in the reactive components of geopolymers is usually very low, resulting in a zeolite-like network structure rather than chain-like hydrated calcium silicate. This invention uses a large amount of calcium hydroxide as an alkali activator, falling within the scope of high-calcium alkali-activated gel material systems. It is generally believed that only low-calcium (calcium-free) alkali-activated gels can be called geopolymers, as the large introduction of calcium ions to generate hydrated calcium silicate will affect the strength development of geopolymers. Furthermore, although this patent utilizes the properties of iron as a transition metal, the gel material prepared by its technology is only used as an admixture in building gel materials, with a doping amount of 1-2 wt%, and is not used as the main material. That is, the high strength of the gel is not due to the gel material prepared by this invention, but mainly relies on the original cement, slag, metakaolin, and other main materials used. This is evidenced in Table 4 of the test results of this invention. The iron-containing alkali-activated gel without the invention already has a compressive strength of 124 MPa at 28 days, while the gel with the largest increase of 1 wt% doping only reaches a maximum of 133 MPa, an increase of only 7.3%, a limited improvement. Therefore, it does not reflect that the iron-containing alkali-activated gel prepared by this invention has better performance. At the same time, its low doping amount also greatly limits the application of iron in geopolymers.

[0004] Existing patent CN108658563A discloses a slag-based polymer radiation-shielding concrete and its preparation method. The slag-based polymer radiation-shielding concrete comprises the following components and their weight percentages: 2-10 parts liquid water glass, 1-5 parts caustic soda powder, 10-20 parts S105 grade granulated blast furnace slag powder, 10-20 parts iron ore sand, 40-60 parts iron ore, 1-5 parts high-alumina cement, 1-5 parts gypsum powder, 0.1-0.5 parts boron, and 1-5 parts water. It possesses good sealing ability, good durability, low leaching rate of the solidified body, large volume reduction ratio, and energy-saving and environmentally friendly characteristics. This invention also discloses an easy, quick, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly method for preparing slag-based polymer radiation-shielding concrete. Similar to the aforementioned patent CN113003967A, the blast furnace slag powder used in patent CN108658563A typically contains a high CaO content. The resulting gel material should not be called a geopolymer, but rather a high-calcium alkali-activated gel material. The radiation protection claimed in this invention is mainly due to the presence of borax encapsulated in the gel. While borax's radiation-reducing ability is a common consensus in the industry, it does not represent a groundbreaking innovation. Furthermore, according to the invention's description, iron ore and iron ore sand only serve as heavy aggregates to increase the apparent density of concrete and do not participate in the alkali-activated reaction. Their function is similar to that of sand and gravel in concrete, and they do not form part of the gel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to address the current problem of insufficient utilization of waste steel and waste aluminum ash, and the environmental pollution caused by leached ions. This invention proposes a method for preparing iron-based polymer precursors from waste steel and waste aluminum ash. By using iron-based polymer precursors in combination with an alkaline activator, high-strength oligomers can be obtained. This method not only realizes the resource utilization of solid waste materials, but also achieves the goal of environmental protection and realizes social and economic benefits.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is a method for preparing iron-based polymer gel materials using the aforementioned iron-based polymer precursor. An alkali activator is added to the iron-based polymer precursor powder, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred to obtain a viscous iron-based polymer gel slurry. This slurry is then poured into a mold, sealed, and cured. After demolding, the iron-based polymer gel material is obtained. This invention eliminates the need for calcium-based cementitious materials found in traditional cement, resulting in high-strength building materials with approximately 80% reduced carbon emissions. It can be widely applied in various scenarios within the construction industry.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following counting scheme:

[0008] On one hand, the present invention provides an iron-based polymer gel material based on waste steel and waste aluminum ash, comprising the following components by mass:

[0009] 40-60 parts of waste aluminum ash

[0010] 10-30 parts of scrap steel

[0011] 60-90 parts of ethyl silicate

[0012] 8-10 parts of alkaline activator

[0013] Preferably, the aluminum ash is aluminum-containing waste generated during aluminum industrial production.

[0014] Preferably, the scrap steel mainly comes from self-produced scrap steel, processed scrap steel, and depreciated scrap steel.

[0015] Preferably, the ethyl silicate is tetraethyl silicate produced in ordinary industrial processes.

[0016] Preferably, the alkaline activator is one or more of alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkali metal silicates.

[0017] Alkali metal hydroxides include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, francium hydroxide, etc.; alkali metal carbonates include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, disodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, dipotassium bicarbonate, etc.; alkali metal silicates include lithium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, rubidium silicate, cesium silicate, francium silicate, etc.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing an iron-based polymer precursor, comprising the following steps:

[0019] (1) The scrap steel and scrap aluminum ash are crushed and ground separately to obtain scrap iron powder and scrap aluminum ash powder;

[0020] (2) Use organic acids to dissolve waste iron powder and waste aluminum ash powder separately to obtain waste iron organic acid solution and waste aluminum organic acid solution, and mix them to obtain iron-aluminum mixed solution;

[0021] (3) Dissolve ethyl silicate in a water-soluble organic solvent to obtain an ethyl silicate solution;

[0022] (4) Mix the iron-aluminum mixed solution obtained in step (1) and the ethyl silicate solution obtained in step (2) and stir evenly to obtain an Al-Fe-Si mixed system;

[0023] (5) The Al-Fe-Si mixture was heated in a water bath to carry out a gel reaction to obtain a gel system, and the gel system was dried to constant weight;

[0024] (6) The dried gel system was calcined in a muffle furnace and then ball-milled into powder to obtain a highly active iron-based polymer precursor powder.

[0025] Preferably, the waste iron slag and waste aluminum ash in step (1) should be finely ground to below 100 mesh.

[0026] Preferably, in step (2), the organic acids used to dissolve the waste iron powder include salicylic acid, benzoic acid, etc., and the organic acids used to dissolve the waste aluminum ash powder include citric acid, benzoic acid, etc.

[0027] This invention utilizes salicylic acid and citric acid to dissolve waste iron slag and waste aluminum ash. This leverages the low pH of organic acids and the interaction between salicylic acid and Fe... 3+ Complexation reaction increases the H in the system + The concentration further decreases the pH of the solution, which in turn promotes the dissolution of the waste iron slag. The reaction principle is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Citric acid can be used to remove the dense oxide layer on the surface of aluminum ash, promoting the reaction of deeper Al and generating more active Al. 3+ The reaction principle is as follows:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] In addition, the use of salicylic acid and citric acid can also allow for thorough mixing with water-soluble organic solvents (isopropanol solvent). By utilizing the non-polar groups in their own structures, a composite system of organic acid salt-water-isopropanol is formed, which greatly increases the collision probability of silicon with iron and aluminum salts, forming an amorphous structure of -Fe-O-Si-O-Al-, thus giving the precursor material the characteristics of high reactivity.

[0033] Preferably, in step (2), the salicylic acid solution for dissolving waste iron slag and the citric acid solution for dissolving waste aluminum ash are both set in excess.

[0034] More preferably, in step (2), at least 3L of salicylic acid solution is used for every 100g of waste iron slag, and at least 2L of citric acid solution is used for every 100g of waste aluminum ash.

[0035] Preferably, in step (2), after obtaining the waste iron organic acid solution and the waste aluminum organic acid solution, they are sealed and stored. Specifically, the container opening can be sealed using plastic wrap or other methods. When using the waste iron organic acid solution and the waste aluminum organic acid solution, the seal is opened, mixed, and then sealed again. The solution is stirred magnetically at a speed of 800~1000 rpm for 30 minutes to ensure that the solution is fully mixed until it turns dark red. This yields an iron-aluminum mixed solution.

[0036] Preferably, in step (3), the water-soluble organic solvent includes alcohol organic solvents, ketone organic solvents, ether organic solvents and acid organic solvents; alcohol organic solvents include alcohol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol; ketone organic solvents include acetone; ether organic solvents include tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl ether; acid organic solvents include acetic acid, etc.

[0037] Preferably, in the Al-Fe-Si mixed system of step (4), the ratio of Si:Al in the Al-Si-Fe mixed system is 1.2~2.0 (molar ratio).

[0038] Further optimization is achieved by having Si:Fe > 4.37 (molar ratio) in the Al-Fe-Si mixed system of step (4).

[0039] Preferably, in step (4), after the iron-aluminum mixed solution and the ethyl silicate solution are mixed, the container opening is sealed again, and magnetic stirring is used to mix the solution at 800~1000 rpm. The solution should not be separated into layers. After the mixture is homogeneous, an Al-Fe-Si mixed system is obtained.

[0040] Preferably, in step (5), the water bath heating temperature is 60℃~70℃ and the water bath reaction time is 8~10h.

[0041] Further optimization is that in step (5), the water bath heating temperature is 65℃~68℃ to avoid the isopropanol leaving the reaction system due to excessive temperature, which would reduce the dispersion of tetraethyl silicate and cause the gel material preparation to fail.

[0042] Preferably, in step (5), the gel system is dried in an oven at 80°C to 100°C until constant weight.

[0043] Preferably, during water bath reaction and drying, the container opening can be sealed by wrapping it with tin foil, and then several small holes can be made in the tin foil as venting pores. The purpose is to reduce the influence of oxygen in the air on the valence state of ions in the solution. It can be foreseen that using a vacuum environment or an inert gas environment can also achieve a similar effect.

[0044] Preferably, in step (5), the calcination temperature of the muffle furnace should be set to 550℃~650℃, and the temperature should be increased from room temperature at a rate of 2-8℃ / min. On the one hand, the calcination can improve the reaction activity of the precursor, and on the other hand, it can avoid the -Fe-O-Si-O- fracture caused by excessive temperature, which would cause the structure to collapse and fail to form a dense network structure, thus reducing the alkali activation effect.

[0045] Preferably, in step (5), the gel system is calcined in an air environment in a muffle furnace.

[0046] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing iron-based polymer gel material, which uses the above-mentioned iron-based polymer precursor powder, adds an alkali activator to the iron-based polymer precursor powder, stirs and mixes thoroughly to obtain a viscous iron-based polymer gel slurry, pours it into a mold and seals it for curing, and obtains the iron-based polymer gel material after demolding.

[0047] Preferably, iron-based polymer precursor powder and alkali activator are mixed at a water-to-binder ratio of 0.4 to 0.5.

[0048] Preferably, the concentration of the alkali activator is 6~8 mol / L.

[0049] Preferably, the alkaline activator is composed of a mixture of sodium silicate and alkali metal hydroxide.

[0050] The principle of this invention is as follows:

[0051] This invention uses waste iron powder and waste aluminum ash as main components. After activation with organic acid, they undergo a condensation reaction with silicon monomers generated from the hydrolysis of tetraethyl silicate to form an amorphous structure of -Fe-O-Si-O-Al-. Calcination removes excess water and other impurities from the product, promoting the formation of more pores in the gel. Further activation is achieved through methods such as ball milling to enhance the reactivity of the amorphous structure. The iron-based polymer precursor obtained after calcination and ball milling is mixed with an alkali activator. Through the recombination and condensation function of the alkali activator, the monomers, dimers, and polymers in the precursor are further polymerized to form [Na,K]·[-Fe-O]. x ·[-Si-O-(Al-O) (1-x) ]·[-Si-O] y It features a multi-layered network structure. It possesses excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance, and compared to traditional silicate cement, its carbon emissions are reduced by approximately 80%. It can be widely used in various scenarios within the construction industry and is a building material with great potential for the future.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0053] (1) This invention uses two organic acids, salicylic acid and citric acid, to prepare iron-based polymers. Both organic acids are natural materials, widely found in nature, and have low acquisition costs. Furthermore, their reactions with metals and their oxides are relatively environmentally friendly. Compared with some traditional metal ligands or catalytic materials, they have lower environmental risks and are more sustainable.

[0054] (2) The raw materials used in this invention are scrap iron and scrap aluminum ash, both of which are solid wastes. Currently, there are no other more effective ways to utilize these metal industrial wastes besides recycling them. This invention reuses scrap iron and scrap aluminum, and the iron-based geopolymer material prepared through a special process can be widely used in multiple scenarios and fields such as construction, municipal engineering, and fire protection. It has excellent low-carbon and environmentally friendly characteristics, greatly expanding the disposal channels for scrap iron and scrap aluminum ash, and also helping the construction industry to achieve low-carbon transformation of building materials, with broad application prospects.

[0055] (3) Geopolymer gels prepared from other solid waste materials suffer from significant fluctuations in mechanical properties due to the inherent uncertainties in composition and structure of the solid waste materials themselves, which in turn easily leads to alkali efflorescence and cracking on the material surface. The iron-based geopolymer gel prepared in this invention can maintain a relatively stable ratio of iron and aluminum elements in the mixed solution by monitoring the concentration of iron and aluminum ions during the preparation process. This ensures that the composition and structure of the iron-based geopolymer precursor material do not fluctuate significantly, effectively guaranteeing the various properties of the iron-based geopolymer gel after alkali activation. At the same time, after adding the alkali activator, the small molecules on the surface of the iron-based geopolymer gel will gradually polymerize to form a dense surface structure, preventing the diffusion of unreacted alkali metals from the inside to the outside, thus solving the problem of a significant decrease in strength performance caused by alkali efflorescence and cracking of geopolymer gel materials.

[0056] (4) The geopolymer gel material prepared by the present invention can effectively solidify some toxic and harmful heavy metal ions, such as Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb, etc., mixed in with waste steel and waste aluminum ash in industrial production, and can avoid the phenomenon that building materials made from solid waste materials will harm the surrounding environment due to the leaching of polluting heavy metal ions.

[0057] (5) The iron-based geopolymer gel material precursor prepared in this invention does not contain calcium ions, and the alkaline activator used is also not a calcium-containing solution. It belongs to a calcium-free alkaline activation system and is a true geopolymer gel.

[0058] (6) The iron-based polymer gel prepared by the present invention can be used as the main material without the need for additional cement, metakaolin or other materials as support. It has relatively high compressive strength and iron can be added at a relatively high dosage, which has a large capacity for the disposal of solid waste materials. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of iron-based polymer gel based on waste iron and aluminum slag provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a temperature detection diagram of the back of the wall during fire prevention in building according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 3 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the geopolymer gel material before and after the alkali-activated reaction in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 4 It is the compressive strength of the iron-based polymer gel specimens of waste iron and aluminum slag prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 5 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of this invention. Any equivalent modifications or substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the following embodiments are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] (1) Take 60 parts of waste aluminum ash and 20 parts of waste iron and steel, crush them, and ball mill them to 200 mesh to obtain waste aluminum ash powder and waste iron powder.

[0066] (2) Add the obtained waste aluminum ash powder and waste iron powder to excess citric acid solution and salicylic acid solution respectively, stir and soak to obtain waste aluminum citric acid solution and waste iron salicylic acid solution. Mix the waste aluminum citric acid solution and waste iron salicylic acid solution in a beaker and add it to a magnetic rotor for stirring. After sealing the mouth of the beaker with plastic wrap, stir at 800 rpm for 30 min until the solids are completely dissolved to obtain a dark red mixed solution.

[0067] (3) Weigh out ethyl silicate with Si / Al=1.5 and dissolve it in an equal mass of isopropanol. Stir at 900 rpm for 30 min, seal and fully dissolve until the solution is homogeneous to obtain ethyl silicate solution.

[0068] (4) After mixing the dark red mixed solution in step (1) and the ethyl silicate solution obtained in step (2), use magnetic stirring and seal the mixing at 900 rpm (seal the mouth of the beaker with plastic wrap again after mixing). The solution should not separate into layers. After mixing evenly, the Al-Fe-Si mixed system is obtained.

[0069] (5) Replace the plastic wrap at the mouth of the beaker containing the Al-Fe-Si mixture with aluminum foil, and make several small holes in the aluminum foil, or use a similar method to seal it. Heat the beaker containing the Al-Fe-Si mixture in a water bath at 68°C for 10 hours to carry out the gel reaction and obtain the gel system. Then place the beaker containing the gel system in an oven and dry it at 80°C until constant weight.

[0070] (6) The dried gel system was transferred to a crucible and then calcined in a muffle furnace at 600°C and ball-milled for 30 min to obtain a highly active iron-based polymer precursor powder.

[0071] (7) Add a mixed solution of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide with a modulus of 1.79 to the iron-based polymer precursor powder obtained in step (6), adjust the water-to-gel ratio to 0.5, stir and mix thoroughly to obtain a viscous iron-based polymer gel slurry;

[0072] (8) Pour the iron-based polymer gel slurry into the mold, seal and cure it. After demolding, the iron-based polymer gel material is obtained.

[0073] (9) Seal and cover the specimen for 7 days and measure the unconfined compressive strength of the iron-based polymer gel specimen on the seventh day.

[0074] Fire resistance test: The viscous iron-based polymer gel slurry obtained in step (7) was evenly applied to the surface of a 40mm×40mm×40mm cement block with a coating thickness of 5mm. The coating surface was scorched by a flame gun, and the temperature of the back of the concrete block was measured with an infrared thermometer. The results are as follows. Figure 2 As shown.

[0075] The results of this embodiment show that after 2 hours of fire resistance limit testing, the temperature on the back of the test block remained below 250°C. Therefore, it can be considered that this iron-based polymer gel material has good fire resistance. This is mainly due to the good thermal stability of this gel material. After being baked at high temperature, some amorphous phases in the iron-based polymer gel material will gradually transform into crystalline phases. Under high temperature conditions, the spatial structure becomes more compact, generating crystalline phase structures such as iron-aluminum spinel and nepheline, which further improves the thermal stability and can meet the building fire protection requirements in daily scenarios.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment is the same as the steps in embodiment 1, except that the amount of waste iron powder in step (1) is 10 parts.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] This embodiment is the same as the steps in embodiment 1, except that the amount of waste iron powder in step (1) is 15 parts.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] This embodiment is the same as the steps in embodiment 1, except that the amount of waste iron powder in step (1) is 25 parts.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] This embodiment is the same as the steps in embodiment 1, except that the amount of waste iron powder in step (1) is 30 parts.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] This embodiment is the same as the steps in embodiment 1, except that the amount of waste iron powder in step (1) is 35 parts.

[0086] XRD mineral phase analysis was performed on the gel material obtained in Example 1 before and after alkali activation, and the results are as follows: Figure 3 .Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that before the addition of the alkali activator, the iron-based polymer gel precursor based on waste steel and waste aluminum ash already possesses a relatively good amorphous gel phase, with its peak range between 20° and 45°, and the main peak at approximately 28°. After alkali activation, the peak range did not change significantly, but the main peak shifted to around 35°. This indicates that after the addition of the alkali activator, the gel phase structure of the precursor has been reorganized, forming an amorphous structure of -Fe-O-Si-O-Al-. This is the main source of the material's dense structure and excellent performance.

[0087] The results obtained by measuring the unconfined compressive strength of Examples 1-6 are as follows: Figure 4 .Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that when the amount of scrap iron powder added is 10 to 30 parts, the unconfined compressive strength of the test block can be basically stabilized at above 65 MPa, which shows that the iron-based polymer gel material based on scrap steel and scrap aluminum ash has high mechanical properties.

[0088] The above demonstrates that iron-based polymer gel materials derived from scrap steel and aluminum ash possess excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance. On one hand, this increases the pathways for the disposal of scrap steel and aluminum ash; on the other hand, the preparation of building materials through alkali-activated gelation not only achieves energy conservation and emission reduction but also allows for application in different scenarios by adjusting the formulation, thus expanding its functionality and demonstrating promising application prospects.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an iron-based polymer precursor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The scrap steel and scrap aluminum ash are crushed and ground separately to obtain scrap iron powder and scrap aluminum ash powder; (2) Use organic acid to dissolve the waste iron powder and waste aluminum ash powder separately, and then mix them to obtain an iron-aluminum mixed solution; (3) Dissolve ethyl silicate in a water-soluble organic solvent to obtain an ethyl silicate solution; (4) Mix the iron-aluminum mixed solution obtained in step (2) and the ethyl silicate solution obtained in step (3) and stir evenly to obtain an Al-Fe-Si mixed system; (5) The Al-Fe-Si mixture was heated in a water bath to carry out a gel reaction to obtain a gel system, and the gel system was dried to constant weight; (6) The dried gel system was calcined in a muffle furnace and then ball-milled into powder to obtain a highly active iron-based polymer precursor powder.

2. The method for preparing the iron-based polymer precursor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the organic acids include salicylic acid, benzoic acid, and citric acid.

3. The method for preparing the iron-based polymer precursor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the water bath heating temperature is 60℃~70℃.

4. The method for preparing the iron-based polymer precursor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the Al-Fe-Si mixed system, Si:Fe > 4.

37.

5. A method for preparing an iron-based polymer gel material, using the iron-based polymer precursor powder prepared according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, An alkali activator is added to the iron-based polymer precursor powder and stirred thoroughly to obtain a viscous iron-based polymer gel slurry. This slurry is then poured into a mold, sealed, and cured. After demolding, the iron-based polymer gel material is obtained.

6. A ferropolymer gel material based on scrap steel and scrap aluminum ash, prepared by the method described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following mass components: 40-60 parts of waste aluminum ash 10-30 parts of scrap steel 60-90 parts of ethyl silicate 8-10 parts of alkaline activator.

7. The iron-based polymer gel material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The waste aluminum ash refers to aluminum-containing waste generated during aluminum industrial production.

8. The iron-based polymer gel material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The scrap steel sources are self-produced scrap steel, processed scrap steel, and depreciated scrap steel.

9. The iron-based polymer gel material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ethyl silicate is industrial grade tetraethyl silicate.

10. The iron-based polymer gel material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The alkaline activator is one or more of alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkali metal silicates.

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