Compound fertilizer for preventing and treating rice false smut and its preparation method

Abstract

The application discloses a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating rice foul brood and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The compound fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: urea 20-25 parts, ammonium chloride 25-30 parts, potassium chloride 25-30 parts, calcium superphosphate 15-20 parts, animal manure 30-35 parts, plant straw 15-20 parts, modified attapulgite clay powder 15-18 parts, mixed plant extract 15-18 parts, potassium humate 10-15 parts, carboxymethyl chitosan 8-10 parts, carrageenan oligosaccharide 5-8 parts, algal polysaccharide 3-5 parts, compound microbial inoculant 3-5 parts and wintergreen oil 3-5 parts. The compound fertilizer contains organic fertilizer components, inorganic fertilizer components and biological fertilizer components, and the three components are synergistically combined, so that the disease resistance of rice can be effectively improved, the reproduction of the pathogenic bacteria of rice foul brood can be inhibited, and the occurrence rate of rice foul brood can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer technology, and in particular to a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Bakanae disease, also known as rice seedling blight, is one of the major diseases of rice. It occurs sporadically on some varieties throughout the year. In recent years, with the promotion of high-quality rice, coupled with seed-borne pathogens and inadequate seed soaking and disinfection, bakanae disease has shown a tendency to worsen. The occurrence of rice bakanae disease seriously affects rice yield; therefore, finding control measures for rice bakanae disease is urgent.

[0003] Currently, the control of rice bakanae disease mainly relies on chemical pesticides. While chemical pesticides are effective, their widespread use and increased dosage have led to a series of problems, such as pathogen resistance, excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products, and pollution of the farmland environment. Therefore, it is essential to develop a green, safe, and effective new product for the control of rice bakanae disease. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease. The raw materials include the following components by mass: 20-25 parts urea, 25-30 parts ammonium chloride, 25-30 parts potassium chloride, 15-20 parts superphosphate, 30-35 parts animal manure, 15-20 parts plant straw, 15-18 parts modified attapulgite clay powder, 15-18 parts mixed plant extracts, 10-15 parts potassium humate, 8-10 parts carboxymethyl chitosan, 5-8 parts carrageenan oligosaccharide, 3-5 parts seaweed polysaccharide, 3-5 parts compound microbial agent, and 3-5 parts wintergreen oil.

[0007] Further, the preparation method of the mixed plant extract is as follows: garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder, and ginger are mixed to obtain mixed plant powder; 8 to 10 times the weight of water of the mixed plant powder is added to the mixed plant powder, and then 2 to 3 wt% of cellulase of the mixed plant powder is added. The mixture is enzymatically hydrolyzed for 1 to 2 hours under ultrasonic-assisted conditions to obtain the mixed plant extract.

[0008] Furthermore, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 100-200W.

[0009] Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 40-50℃.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder, and ginger powder is 5-8:3-5:1-3.

[0011] Furthermore, the particle size of the garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder, and ginger powder is all 80 mesh.

[0012] Furthermore, the garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder, and ginger powder are obtained by drying, pulverizing, and sieving garlic, sophora flavescens, and ginger, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the animal excrement is one or more of chicken excrement, duck excrement, pig excrement, cow excrement, and horse excrement.

[0014] Furthermore, the water content of the animal feces is 15-20 wt%.

[0015] Furthermore, the plant straw is one or more of wheat straw, corn straw, rice straw, and cotton straw.

[0016] Furthermore, the seaweed polysaccharide is a brown algae polysaccharide.

[0017] Furthermore, the compound microbial agent includes gelatinous Bacillus, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and yeast.

[0018] Furthermore, in the composite microbial agent, the mass ratio of gelatinous Bacillus: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: yeast is 1-2:3-4:3-4:2-3.

[0019] Furthermore, the bacterial count of the gelatinous Bacillus subtilis is (1.0-3.0)×10⁻⁶. 9 The cfu / g concentration of Bacillus subtilis was (1.0-3.0)×10⁻⁶. 8 The cfu / g concentration of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was (1.0-3.0)×10⁻⁶. 8 The cfu / g concentration of yeast was (1.0-3.0)×10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / g.

[0020] When gelatinous Bacillus is applied to the soil, it multiplies and grows, playing a role in nitrogen fixation, phosphorus and potassium solubilization, and releasing micronutrients, thereby increasing soil fertility and improving fertilizer utilization. During its metabolism, it also produces a variety of physiologically active substances such as gibberellins, indoleacetic acid, and cytokinins, which promote the development and robust growth of crop roots, enhance crop resistance to cold, drought, disease, and stress, increase crop yield, and improve product quality. It also forms beneficial bacterial communities in the crop roots, effectively inhibiting the reproduction of harmful and pathogenic microorganisms in the soil, and significantly reducing the occurrence of various soil-borne diseases.

[0021] During its growth, Bacillus subtilis produces active substances such as subtilisin, polymyxin, nystatin, and bacitracin. These active substances have a significant inhibitory effect on harmful and pathogenic microorganisms. The phytase it secretes can degrade most of the phytates in the soil, providing the nutrients needed for plant growth. At the same time, Bacillus subtilis can also produce auxins, which promote plant growth.

[0022] Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a bacterium highly related to Bacillus subtilis. It can dissolve compounds such as calcium phosphorus, iron phosphorus, and aluminum phosphorus in the soil that are not easily absorbed, and promote the dissolution and utilization of unavailable phosphorus in the soil. It can quickly colonize and grow dominantly in the crop root system, and secrete a large amount of highly active chitinase to quickly eliminate pathogens.

[0023] Yeast can effectively inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms in the soil and prevent them from infecting plants. Yeast can also decompose harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide and nitrite in manure, and at the same time kill weed seeds and reduce the content of pathogens and other harmful substances in manure.

[0024] Further, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite clay powder is as follows: disperse the attapulgite clay powder in water, add hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, stir for 5-10 min, then ultrasonically disperse for 20-40 min, continue stirring for 4-8 h, centrifuge, wash, dry, and grind to obtain the modified attapulgite clay powder.

[0025] Furthermore, the amount of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide added is 5-15 wt% of the attapulgite clay powder.

[0026] Furthermore, the ratio of attapulgite clay powder to water is 1g:10-20mL.

[0027] Furthermore, the power of the ultrasonic dispersion is 100-200W.

[0028] The second technical solution of the present invention: a method for preparing the above-mentioned compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease, comprising the following steps:

[0029] (1) Mix animal manure, plant straw, potassium humate, carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide, and seaweed polysaccharide, add water to a moisture content of 50-60 wt%, then add compound microbial inoculant, mix evenly, and pile up for fermentation. Turn the pile over once every 4-8 days. The fermentation time is 32-40 days. After the fermentation is completed, dry the fermented material, crush it, and pass it through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry material.

[0030] (2) Mix and crush urea, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, superphosphate and modified attapulgite clay powder, and pass through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer;

[0031] (3) Mix the fermented dry material and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer evenly, then spray in the mixed plant extract for granulation, and finally spray with wintergreen oil coating to obtain the compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling disease.

[0032] The third technical solution of the present invention: the application of the above-mentioned compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease in rice planting, wherein the application rate of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease in rice planting is 50-100 kg / mu.

[0033] Furthermore, the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease is applied as a base fertilizer.

[0034] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0035] (1) The compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease of the present invention contains organic fertilizer components, inorganic fertilizer components and bio-fertilizer components. This compound fertilizer combines the synergistic and promoting effects of bio-fertilizer with the stable and long-lasting effects of organic fertilizer and the rapid effects of inorganic fertilizer, which can meet the comprehensive nutritional needs of rice growth and improve rice quality. At the same time, organic fertilizer can increase the organic matter content of the soil and improve the soil fertility of paddy fields. Compound biological agents can inhibit the reproduction of harmful pathogens and improve the soil environment of paddy fields. The synergistic effect of organic fertilizer components, inorganic fertilizer components and bio-fertilizer components can effectively improve the disease resistance of rice, inhibit the reproduction of bakanae disease pathogens and reduce the incidence of rice bakanae disease.

[0036] (2) The compound fertilizer of this invention includes various chlorine-containing fertilizers, and the content of chlorine-containing fertilizers is relatively high. Chlorine-containing fertilizers can inhibit the digestion of soil nitrogen, reduce soluble nitrogen in plants, enhance the disease resistance of plants, and thus alleviate diseases. Its working principle is as follows: Cl... - It can inhibit the plant's response to NO3 - This reduces the absorption of NO3 in crops. - The concentration of Cl; in addition, Cl - The inhibitory effect on diseases may be that chlorine can inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen, while crops release a large number of hydrogen ions while absorbing ammonium nitrogen, which increases soil acidity and inhibits the growth of pathogens and microorganisms.

[0037] (3) The potassium humate and carboxymethyl chitosan added to the fertilizer of this invention can protect the phosphorus in the fertilizer, significantly reduce the fixation of phosphate fertilizer in the soil, improve phosphorus activity, promote crop root growth, improve the efficiency of phosphorus absorption and utilization, and enhance crop resistance. In addition, carboxymethyl chitosan also has antibacterial properties and can inhibit the reproduction of pathogens. Furthermore, the carrageenan oligosaccharide added to the fertilizer can produce immunity and kill various fungi, bacteria and viruses, change the soil flora, and induce plant disease resistance; seaweed polysaccharide can promote the absorption of nutrients by crops, promote root growth, strengthen plants, and enhance plant resistance; the synergistic effect of carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide and seaweed polysaccharide can effectively inhibit the reproduction of bakanae disease pathogens, improve the disease resistance of rice, and reduce the incidence of bakanae disease.

[0038] (4) This invention uses modified attapulgite clay powder as a binder. Attapulgite clay powder contains silicon and magnesium, and is itself a fertilizer. Rice, as a silicon-loving crop, has a silicon requirement second only to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Applying silicon fertilizer to rice can significantly improve its stress resistance. In addition, attapulgite clay powder, due to its unique crystal structure and properties, also has a good soil-improving effect. Moreover, the attapulgite clay powder used in this invention is not ordinary attapulgite clay powder, but attapulgite clay powder modified with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide is a cationic surfactant and antibacterial agent with strong surface activity. Its chemical structure has positive charge and hydrophobic regions, which can adsorb and penetrate cell walls, dissolve cell membranes, cause leakage of bacterial contents, and thus lead to bacterial death. This invention utilizes hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to modify attapulgite clay powder, which can significantly improve the antibacterial properties of attapulgite clay powder, inhibit the reproduction of pathogens, and reduce the occurrence of rice bakanae disease.

[0039] (5) The present invention extracts garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder and ginger powder to obtain a mixed plant extract containing rich antibacterial active ingredients. In particular, allicin and matrine can effectively inhibit the reproduction of rice seedling blight pathogens, thereby significantly reducing the incidence of rice seedling blight.

[0040] (6) The compound microbial agent of the present invention contains a variety of microorganisms with antibacterial effects. These microorganisms work together to make the overall antibacterial effect more excellent. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0042] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0043] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0044] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0045] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following examples and effect verifications are all conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the reagents and raw materials (including various bacterial agents) can be obtained from commercial sources; and all quantities are parts by weight.

[0047] The preparation method of the mixed plant extract used in the following examples is as follows: Garlic powder (obtained by drying, pulverizing, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve), Sophora flavescens powder (obtained by drying, pulverizing, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve), and ginger (obtained by drying, pulverizing, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve) are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:5:2 to obtain a mixed plant powder; water with a weight of 8 times that of the mixed plant powder is added to the mixed plant powder, and then 3 wt% of cellulase of the mixed plant powder is added. Enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 45°C for 1.5 hours under ultrasonic assistance of 200W to obtain the mixed plant extract.

[0048] The compound microbial agent used in the following examples is a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and yeast, in a mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: yeast = 2:3:3:3. The bacterial count of Bacillus subtilis is 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 The cfu / g concentration of Bacillus subtilis was 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The cfu / g concentration of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The cfu / g and yeast count were 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 8 cfu / g.

[0049] The seaweed polysaccharide used in the following examples is brown algae polysaccharide.

[0050] The modified attapulgite clay powder used in the following examples was prepared as follows: Attapulgite clay powder was dispersed in water (solid-liquid ratio 1g:15mL), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (10wt% of attapulgite clay powder) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 prm for 10 min, then ultrasonically dispersed for 40 min (ultrasonic power 200W), and then stirred at 300 prm for 6 h. The mixture was then centrifuged at 4000 prm for 10 min, washed 3 times with deionized water, and dried at 60℃ for 12 h to obtain modified attapulgite clay powder.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] The raw material composition of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease is as follows: 20 parts urea, 25 parts ammonium chloride, 25 parts potassium chloride, 15 parts superphosphate, 30 parts animal manure (chicken manure with a moisture content of 18wt%), 15 parts plant straw (rice straw), 15 parts modified attapulgite clay powder, 15 parts mixed plant extracts, 10 parts potassium humate, 8 parts carboxymethyl chitosan, 5 parts carrageenan oligosaccharide, 3 parts seaweed polysaccharide, 3 parts compound microbial agent, and 3 parts wintergreen oil.

[0053] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0054] (1) Mix animal manure (chicken manure), plant straw (rice straw), potassium humate, carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide, and seaweed polysaccharide, add water to a moisture content of 50wt%, then add compound microbial inoculant, mix evenly, and pile up for fermentation. Turn the pile over once every 4 days. The fermentation time is 32 days. After the fermentation is completed, dry the fermented material, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry material.

[0055] (2) Mix and crush urea, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, superphosphate and modified attapulgite clay powder, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer;

[0056] (3) Mix the fermented dry material and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer evenly, then spray the mixed plant extract for granulation, finally spray the wintergreen oil coating, and dry to a moisture content of about 5wt% to obtain a compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling disease.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The raw material composition of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease is as follows: 23 parts urea, 28 parts ammonium chloride, 28 parts potassium chloride, 18 parts superphosphate, 33 parts animal manure (pig manure with a moisture content of 18wt%), 18 parts plant straw (corn straw), 16 parts modified attapulgite clay powder, 16 parts mixed plant extracts, 13 parts potassium humate, 9 parts carboxymethyl chitosan, 6 parts carrageenan oligosaccharide, 4 parts seaweed polysaccharide, 4 parts compound microbial agent, and 4 parts wintergreen oil.

[0059] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0060] (1) Mix animal manure (pig manure), plant straw (corn straw), potassium humate, carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide, and seaweed polysaccharide, add water to a moisture content of 55wt%, then add compound microbial inoculant, mix evenly, and pile up for fermentation. Turn the pile over once every 6 days. The fermentation time is 36 days. After the fermentation is completed, dry the fermented material, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry material.

[0061] (2) Mix and crush urea, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, superphosphate and modified attapulgite clay powder, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer;

[0062] (3) Mix the fermented dry material and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer evenly, then spray the mixed plant extract for granulation, finally spray the wintergreen oil coating, and dry to a moisture content of about 5wt% to obtain a compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling disease.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] The raw material composition of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease is as follows: 25 parts urea, 30 parts ammonium chloride, 30 parts potassium chloride, 20 parts superphosphate, 35 parts animal manure (cow manure with a moisture content of 18wt%), 20 parts plant straw (wheat straw), 18 parts modified attapulgite clay powder, 18 parts mixed plant extracts, 15 parts potassium humate, 10 parts carboxymethyl chitosan, 8 parts carrageenan oligosaccharide, 5 parts seaweed polysaccharide, 5 parts compound microbial agent, and 5 parts wintergreen oil.

[0065] The preparation steps are as follows:

[0066] (1) Mix animal manure (cow manure), plant straw (wheat straw), potassium humate, carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide, and seaweed polysaccharide, add water to a moisture content of 60wt%, then add compound microbial inoculant, mix evenly, and pile up for fermentation. Turn the pile over once every 8 days. The fermentation time is 40 days. After the fermentation is completed, dry the fermented material, crush it, and pass it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry material.

[0067] (2) Mix and crush urea, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, superphosphate and modified attapulgite clay powder, and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer;

[0068] (3) Mix the fermented dry material and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer evenly, then spray the mixed plant extract for granulation, finally spray the wintergreen oil coating, and dry to a moisture content of about 5wt% to obtain a compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling disease.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] Same as Example 1, except that carboxymethyl chitosan is replaced with an equal mass of carrageenan oligosaccharide.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] Same as Example 1, except that carboxymethyl chitosan is used instead of carrageenan oligosaccharide of equal mass.

[0073] Comparative Example 3

[0074] Same as Example 1, except that carboxymethyl chitosan is used instead of seaweed polysaccharide of equal mass.

[0075] Comparative Example 4

[0076] Same as Example 1, except that ordinary attapulgite clay powder of the same mass is used instead of modified attapulgite clay powder.

[0077] Comparative Example 5

[0078] Same as Example 1, except that the preparation method of the mixed plant extract is as follows: garlic powder (obtained by drying, crushing and passing through an 80-mesh sieve) and ginger (obtained by drying, crushing and passing through an 80-mesh sieve) are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:2 to obtain mixed plant powder; water with a weight of 8 times that of the mixed plant powder is added to the mixed plant powder, and then 3 wt% of cellulase of the mixed plant powder is added. Under the condition of 200W ultrasonic assistance, the mixture is enzymatically hydrolyzed at a temperature of 45°C for 1.5 hours to obtain the mixed plant extract.

[0079] Comparative Example 6

[0080] Same as Example 1, except that the compound microbial agent is composed of gelatinous Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3:3.

[0081] Effect verification

[0082] Fertilizer application trial

[0083] The rice variety used in the experiment was Liangyou 6326 (single-season rice).

[0084] Experimental location: The test field was located in the main rice-producing area of ​​Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, and was found to be a rice field prone to bakanae disease.

[0085] Experimental design: Thirty experimental plots were randomly divided in a rice field with uniform soil properties and moderate fertility. Each experimental plot had an area of ​​30 m². 2 The experimental groups were treated with the compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 for controlling rice bakanae disease and the compound fertilizers prepared in Comparative Examples 1-6, respectively. The experimental plots treated with commercially available compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O 15-15-15) served as the control group. Each group had three parallel experiments, and the final result was the average of the three groups. Basal fertilizer was applied before rice planting at a rate of 80 kg / mu. No additional fertilizer or fungicides were applied during the entire growing season. Normal pest and water management was maintained. The seed soaking, germination, and seedling raising processes were identical for both experimental and control groups before transplanting. Healthy seedlings were selected for transplanting in each group.

[0086] Disease survey: The incidence of bakanae disease was investigated during the tillering and heading stages. During the tillering stage, 5 points were randomly selected from each plot, and 20 connected holes were selected from each point to investigate the total number of plants and the number of diseased plants. During the heading stage, 5 points were randomly selected from each plot, and 20 connected holes were selected from each point to investigate the total number of plants and the number of diseased plants.

[0087] Incidence rate = (Number of infected plants / Total number of plants surveyed) × 100%;

[0088] Prevention and control effect (%) = 100 × (incidence rate of control group - incidence rate of experimental group) / incidence rate of control group.

[0089] The control effects of different treatments on rice bakanae disease are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the incidence of rice bakanae disease was significantly reduced in patients treated with the compound fertilizer prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention, demonstrating a significant control effect on rice bakanae disease that was significantly superior to other comparative examples and the control group. This is mainly due to the synergistic effect of the components of the compound fertilizer for controlling rice bakanae disease in this invention, which can effectively inhibit the reproduction of bakanae disease pathogens and improve the disease resistance of rice.

[0093] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease, characterized in that, By mass, the raw materials comprise the following components: Urea 20-25 parts, ammonium chloride 25-30 parts, potassium chloride 25-30 parts, superphosphate 15-20 parts, animal manure 30-35 parts, plant straw 15-20 parts, modified attapulgite clay powder 15-18 parts, mixed plant extracts 15-18 parts, potassium humate 10-15 parts, carboxymethyl chitosan 8-10 parts, carrageenan oligosaccharide 5-8 parts, seaweed polysaccharide 3-5 parts, compound microbial agent 3-5 parts, wintergreen oil 3-5 parts; The preparation method of the mixed plant extract is as follows: garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder and ginger powder are mixed to obtain mixed plant powder; 8 to 10 times the weight of water of the mixed plant powder is added to the mixed plant powder, and then 2 to 3 wt% of cellulase of the mixed plant powder is added. The mixture is enzymatically hydrolyzed for 1 to 2 hours under ultrasonic-assisted conditions to obtain the mixed plant extract. The mass ratio of garlic powder, sophora flavescens powder, and ginger powder is 5-8:3-5:1-3; The compound microbial agent includes gelatinous Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and yeast; In the compound microbial agent, the mass ratio of gelatinous Bacillus: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: yeast is 1-2:3-4:3-4:2-3; The modified attapulgite clay powder is prepared by dispersing attapulgite clay powder in water, adding hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, stirring for 5-10 minutes, ultrasonically dispersing for 20-40 minutes, continuing to stir for 4-8 hours, centrifuging, washing, drying, and grinding to obtain the modified attapulgite clay powder.

2. The compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seaweed polysaccharide is a brown algae polysaccharide.

3. The compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide added is 5-15 wt% of the attapulgite clay powder.

4. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Mix animal manure, plant straw, potassium humate, carboxymethyl chitosan, carrageenan oligosaccharide, and seaweed polysaccharide, add water to a moisture content of 50-60 wt%, then add compound microbial inoculant, mix evenly, and pile up for fermentation. Turn the pile over once every 4-8 days. The fermentation time is 32-40 days. After the fermentation is completed, dry the fermented material, crush it, and pass it through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain the fermented dry material. (2) Mix and crush urea, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, superphosphate and modified attapulgite clay powder, and pass through a 100-200 mesh sieve to obtain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer; (3) Mix the fermented dry material and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixed fertilizer evenly, then spray in the mixed plant extract for granulation, and finally spray with wintergreen oil coating to obtain the compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling disease.

5. The application of a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling rice bakanae disease as described in any one of claims 1-3 in rice cultivation, characterized in that, The compound fertilizer for preventing rice seedling blight is applied at a rate of 50–100 kg / mu in rice cultivation.

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