Offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system and control method

Abstract

The present application provides offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system and control method, based on the density difference between crude oil and air, the gas is heated and pressurized through the submarine heating and pressurizing station, the airbag inflation in the pipeline is controlled to pressurize the pipeline to drive the crude oil to move forward. Through the release of the gas in the airbag pipeline, the gas separates the crude oil from the inner wall of the pipeline, and at the same time, the crude oil is heated, the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the pipeline is reduced, the transportation capacity of the crude oil is improved, the initial temperature and pressure of the crude oil transmission are reduced, and thus the submarine pipeline oil transportation distance is increased. The present application avoids the retention, solidification and blockage of the crude oil through the coordinated control of the charging and discharging of multiple airbags, and reduces the maintenance amount. The present application improves the redundancy of the oil pipeline transportation through the complement of multiple submarine heating and pressurizing stations, when a heating and pressurizing station fails, the adjacent heating and pressurizing station provides compensation pressure and temperature, and ensures the normal transportation of the crude oil.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy power generation and utilization and offshore oil pipeline transportation, in particular to an offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pipeline oil transportation is to pressurize and heat crude oil to transport it from an oil field to a refinery, a wharf or the like through an oil pipeline. Due to the characteristics of crude oil, the pipeline transmission resistance of crude oil is increased, the temperature and pressure loss is large, and even the pipeline may be frozen, during the pipeline transportation process, which is affected by factors such as the viscosity coefficient of crude oil, the length of the pipeline, the pipe diameter, the temperature and pressure of crude oil, etc. Therefore, in order to reduce the pipeline transportation resistance of crude oil, the industry often uses pressurizing stations and water jacket furnaces to heat and pressurize the crude oil, and provides kinetic energy for the crude oil to overcome the pressure loss along the pipeline and the geographical elevation difference along the pipeline. On land, the water jacket furnace is mainly used to heat the crude oil to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil, which is basically a fossil fuel and electric heating method. However, the water jacket furnace now uses petrochemical fuel as the combustion heat source to provide heat for crude oil transportation to reduce the viscosity coefficient of crude oil and ensure the transportation of crude oil, which cannot achieve low-carbon operation.

[0003] There is also an electric heater that directly heats crude oil using an electric heating rod, but the energy consumption is large, and carbon and scale are easily deposited on the electric heating rod, which will affect the heat transfer efficiency. However, the main mechanism affecting the flow of crude oil is the flow resistance of crude oil, which is due to the viscosity of the pipe wall and crude oil. As we all know, the viscosity coefficient of crude oil is (10-50) x 10 -3 , and the viscosity coefficient of air is 18 x 10 -6 . The viscosity coefficient of crude oil is nearly 1000 times that of air. If a gas is used to separate crude oil from the pipe wall, the pipeline transportation resistance of crude oil can be greatly reduced.

[0004] However, offshore crude oil accounts for more than 60%, and the pressure and temperature of subsea crude oil pipeline decrease as the transportation distance increases, so the subsea pressurizing and heating relay station is particularly important and difficult. The subsea pipeline is relatively long, and the oil transportation pressure is proportional to the distance, so the longer the distance, the greater the pressure. Therefore, a relatively high pressure and temperature are added at the inlet of the crude oil pipeline according to the distance to ensure long-distance pipeline transmission. The traditional land heating and pressurizing method has great difficulty in heating and pressurizing offshore crude oil.

[0005] If the minimum temperature to ensure the flowability of crude oil is used, a gas is used to separate crude oil from the pipe wall, thereby greatly reducing the viscosity, and improving the transmission speed and capacity of crude oil. If the gas used is the associated natural gas produced during the extraction, the natural gas is also transported in addition to the crude oil. Therefore, the crude oil pipeline transportation capacity is greatly improved, and the efficiency of a general air compressor is less than 40%, which consumes a lot of energy.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to provide a marine wind power energy storage air bag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system and a control method, which realizes efficient transmission of low-carbon crude oil in a submarine crude oil pipeline by improving the crude oil pipeline, adding a submarine heating and pressurizing station, and preferentially using new energy. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the marine wind power energy storage air bag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system and the control method are provided, which controls the inflation of the air bag in the pipeline to drive the forward movement of the crude oil in the pipeline by heating and pressurizing the gas in the submarine heating and pressurizing station based on the density difference between the crude oil and the air. The gas is released in the air bag pipeline, which separates the crude oil from the inner wall of the pipeline and heats the crude oil, thereby reducing the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the pipeline, improving the transportation capacity of the crude oil, reducing the initial temperature and pressure of the crude oil transmission, and increasing the submarine pipeline oil transmission distance. The inflation and deflation of multiple air bags are coordinated and controlled to avoid the stagnation, solidification and blockage of the crude oil and reduce the maintenance amount. The complementary of multiple submarine heating and pressurizing stations improves the redundancy of the oil pipeline transportation, and when a heating and pressurizing station fails, the adjacent heating and pressurizing station provides compensation pressure and temperature to ensure normal transportation of the crude oil.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

[0009] The marine wind power energy storage air bag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system comprises a wind power energy storage unit and a submarine heating and pressurizing station. The wind power energy storage unit and the submarine heating and pressurizing station are both placed in the sea, and the submarine heating and pressurizing station is distributed and installed in the middle of the submarine crude oil pipeline. The wind power energy storage unit is installed near the periphery of the submarine heating and pressurizing station.

[0010] The wind power energy storage unit comprises a wind power generator, an underwater caisson and a compressed air storage container. In shallow sea, the wind power generator is placed on the underwater caisson to form an integrated structure, the underwater caisson serves as a suction anchor for the wind power generation, and also serves as an energy storage power generation and compressed gas function. The compressed air storage container is installed beside the underwater caisson. The air inlet hole of the compressed air storage container is communicated with the air outlet hole of the underwater caisson through the caisson exhaust pipeline. The compressed gas of the compressed air storage container is communicated with the air inlet of the temperature and pressure adjusting unit of the submarine heating and pressurizing station through the gas control valve and the storage container gas pipeline. The output power end of the wind power generator and the output power end of the underwater caisson are connected with the power input end of the power distribution control room of the submarine heating and pressurizing station through a cable.

[0011] In relatively deep seas, the wind turbine is a floating wind turbine. The underwater caisson is placed on the seabed as a suction anchor for the floating wind turbine. The compressed air storage container uses an air bag or a container made of rigid material as a gas storage container. It is placed at a water depth greater than the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station. If the water depth pressure in the shallow water area is lower than the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station, the compressed air storage container uses a compressed gas tank container for secondary pressurization and storage in the tank. The rigid material gas storage container can be placed at any water depth, and the output pressure is adjusted according to the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station.

[0012] The gas control valve of the compressed air storage container is controlled by the power distribution control cabinet and adjusts the pressure output by the compressed air storage container in real time according to the control strategy to meet the gas supply pressure requirements of the submarine heating and compression station.

[0013] Furthermore, the underwater caisson also includes a driving pumping / hydraulic turbine generator, an air intake pipe and an underwater caisson exhaust port; since the underwater caisson is placed in the water body, when there is a peak period of wind power generation or surplus electricity, the water in the underwater caisson is discharged by the pump of the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator to store energy, and at the same time, the gas is sucked into the underwater caisson through the air intake pipe; when the wind turbine generator is in a low power generation period or power outage, the generator of the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the pumping / hydraulic turbine The turbine generator of the integrated power generation unit generates electricity through cables to supply power to the submarine heating and pressure station, providing a pipeline heat source. At the same time, as the power generation increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed, and the compressed gas is discharged into the compressed air storage container for storage through the caisson exhaust pipe; the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected to the submarine heating and pressure station through the storage container gas pipeline and the air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit, providing compressed gas for the air bag pressurization of the submarine heating and pressure station and the isolation of the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the inner wall of the oil pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the submarine heating and pressurizing station is a sealed, pressure-bearing rigid structure, placed on the outer side of the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, and includes a drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, a power distribution control room, and a temperature and pressure regulating unit. The power distribution control room is fixedly installed on the compressed gas temperature and pressure regulating unit, and the two are sealed and isolated from each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline includes an outer pipeline, an insulation layer, an oil pipeline and a pressurized heating drag-reducing airbag group; the outer pipeline plays a role in bearing the depth pressure of seawater, and an airbag air supply pipeline is installed on the outer pipeline; the insulation layer is placed between the outer pipeline and the oil pipeline to play a thermal insulation role; the oil pipeline is used to transport crude oil, and a pressurized heating drag-reducing airbag group is embedded and installed in the oil pipeline.

[0016] Further, the pressurized heating drag-reducing air bag group further comprises n crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bags and an annular exhaust pipeline, each of the crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bags and the annular exhaust pipeline is embeddedly installed on the inner wall of the oil pipeline, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0017] Further, each of the crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bags is correspondingly provided with a compressed gas pressure regulating valve, and the annular exhaust pipeline is provided with an annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve; the input ends of each of the compressed gas pressure regulating valve and the annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve are communicated with the air bag gas supply pipeline through the oil pipeline, the heat preservation layer, the outer pipeline and the air bag gas supply pipeline.

[0018] Further, the power distribution control cabinet is fixedly installed in the power distribution control room, the wind power output power end and the underwater caisson output power end are connected with the power distribution control cabinet through the cable and the power supply input end of the power distribution control room of the submarine heating and pressurizing station; the power distribution control cabinet has all wireless and wired communication functions for the submarine heating and pressurizing station, monitors all sensors, valves and electrical appliances through wireless and wired communication, has a data exchange function with the superior management, and analyzes and calculates real-time control according to the control algorithm and control strategy according to the sensor information, superior management data exchange and valve and electrical state.

[0019] Further, the compressed gas temperature and pressure regulating unit comprises a compressed gas heating chamber and an air bag gas supply pipeline.

[0020] The compressed gas heating chamber further comprises an electric heater, a temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet and an air inlet valve of the air bag gas supply pipeline.

[0021] Further, the temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet is embeddedly installed on one side outside the compressed gas heating chamber; the air inlet valve of the air bag gas supply pipeline is embeddedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the compressed gas heating chamber and is communicated with the air bag gas supply pipeline. The air inlet valve of the air bag gas supply pipeline is a check valve, and the air flow direction is from the compressed gas heating chamber to the air bag gas supply pipeline.

[0022] The temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet is communicated with the storage container gas supply pipeline, and the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container enters the compressed gas heating chamber through the storage container gas supply pipeline and the temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet.

[0023] Further, the electric heater is fixedly installed at the central position in the compressed gas heating chamber, and the wind power generator output power end and the underwater caisson output power end supply power to the electric heater under the control of the power distribution control cabinet to heat the compressed gas in the compressed gas heating chamber.

[0024] Further, the oil pipeline is uniformly distributed with a plurality of hemispherical concave air chambers on the inner wall of the pipeline outside the installation of the pressurized heating drag reduction air bag group, and the compressed gas released through the air bag gas supply pipeline in the annular exhaust pipeline, on the one hand, separates the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the inner wall of the oil pipeline through the gas, and on the other hand, the released compressed gas is retained in the hemispherical concave air chamber, thereby increasing the gas area of the inner wall of the oil pipeline.

[0025] The application also provides a control method of the offshore wind power energy storage air bag heating and pressurized crude oil pipeline transportation system, which comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: According to the characteristics of the crude oil, the environmental temperature, the pressure, the pipeline diameter, the data of the adjacent seabed heating and pressurizing station, and the new energy heating priority principle, a relationship function of the optimal temperature and pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station for crude oil transportation is established.

[0027] Step 2: According to the relationship function and the real-time monitoring of the relevant sampling information such as the pressure and temperature of the seabed heating and pressurizing station, the power distribution control cabinet controls the pressure output by the gas control valve of the compressed air storage container and the power of the heater according to the control strategy, so as to meet the gas supply pressure and temperature requirements of the seabed heating and pressurizing station; at the same time, data exchange is carried out with the superior management system and other seabed heating and pressurizing stations through wireless or wired connection.

[0028] Step 3: In the normal working mode, the seabed heating and pressurizing station controls the n compressed gas pressure regulating valves to sequentially fill and control the annular air bag along the direction of the crude oil flow in time steps according to the relationship function and the real-time monitoring of the relevant sampling information such as the drag reduction crude oil pipeline crude oil flow speed, pressure and temperature, and the power distribution control cabinet controls the annular air bag release gas in the drag reduction crude oil pipeline through the annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve, so as to separate the crude oil from the inner wall of the drag reduction crude oil pipeline through the gas, greatly reduce the viscous force between the crude oil and the inner wall of the drag reduction crude oil pipeline, and improve the crude oil transportation capacity.

[0029] Further, the seabed heating and pressurizing station also has a self-adaptive starting maintenance mode: the first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag is filled and closed to the current drag reduction crude oil pipeline, and the second, third, and n second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bags are sequentially filled to drive the crude oil in the crude oil pipeline to flow forward and release the gas through the annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve to drive the peristalsis of the crude oil in the existing pipeline; at this time, the pressure in the crude oil pipeline is in the normal state monitored by the next and subsequent seabed heating and pressurizing stations, and the normal working mode is maintained.

[0030] Further, when a certain seabed heating and pressurizing station monitors that the oil and gas ratio of crude oil in the crude oil pipeline is less than the minimum threshold of the oil and gas ratio, the filling control of the electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag of each crude oil pipeline is stopped, and the first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag is kept in a filling closed state; at this time, the pressure in the crude oil pipeline gradually decreases, and when the next seabed heating and pressurizing station monitors that the pressure of the crude oil in the pipeline decreases to the minimum threshold, the seabed heating and pressurizing station adaptively starts the maintenance mode; thus, the maintenance mode works in this way, and finally the crude oil is transported out, avoiding the solidification of the crude oil in the pipeline;

[0031] When a certain seabed heating and pressurizing station monitors that the pressure of the crude oil in the pipeline is greater than the minimum threshold, the seabed heating and pressurizing station adaptively restores the normal working mode;

[0032] When a certain seabed heating and pressurizing station fails to work normally and is monitored by other seabed heating and pressurizing stations, the electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag of all crude oil pipelines of the fault seabed heating and pressurizing station is not filled, the crude oil normally passes through, and the last seabed heating and pressurizing station increases the gas pressure and temperature of the seabed heating and pressurizing station according to the transmission loss of pressure and temperature.

[0033] The working principle of the present application is as follows:

[0034] (1) Mechanism of crude oil flow resistance:

[0035] Flow resistance: all viscous fluids have momentum transfer between the moving object and the object producing relative motion when moving, that is, the reaction force that hinders the flow. Viscous force mainly acts on the pipe wall, and the velocity of the fluid in the radial direction is different, so the viscous force is also different. In the process of crude oil transportation, due to the influence of factors such as crude oil viscosity, pipeline length, pipe diameter, crude oil temperature, pipeline pressure, etc., the temperature loss is large, the viscous force of the crude oil in the pipeline increases, and the pressure decreases, which affects the transmission of the crude oil. Therefore, the annular air bag and the annular exhaust pipeline are installed in the oil pipeline, and the temperature and pressure gas are filled in the annular air bag. In the process of filling the annular air bag, pressure is generated on the crude oil in the oil pipeline, and the gas released from the annular air bag is directly discharged into the oil pipeline through the annular exhaust pipeline. On the one hand, the crude oil is heated, and on the other hand, the gas released from the annular air bag has a pressure greater than that of the crude oil, so the gas directly discharged from the annular exhaust pipeline isolates the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the pipe wall, reduces the viscous force between the crude oil and the pipe wall, and increases the temperature of the crude oil. At the same time, the crude oil is heated and pressurized by controlling the filling and release of multiple air bags in turn, and the crude oil is driven to move forward and flow, realizing efficient transmission of the crude oil.

[0036] The compressed air is heated to form high-temperature gas. First, based on the heat conduction principle of air, the greater the gas density, the greater the heat conduction coefficient, and the higher the heat exchange efficiency. The optimal temperature for crude oil transmission is improved by compressing the gas. Second, based on the ideal gas law: the pressure of the gas is related to the temperature of the gas. The higher the temperature of the gas, the greater the pressure. Thus, the pressure of the gas is increased to further compensate for the loss of pressure and temperature during crude oil transmission.

[0037] At the same time, the viscosity coefficient of crude oil is (10-50) x 10 -3 The viscosity coefficient of air is 18 x 10 -6 The viscosity coefficient of crude oil is 1000 times that of air. Thus, the gas released by the air bag isolates the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the pipeline wall, just like the principle of air-cushion ship travel, greatly reducing the adhesion between the crude oil and the pipeline wall. Thus, based on the above and the principle of air-cushion ship travel, the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the oil pipeline is reduced, the temperature of the crude oil in the oil pipeline is increased, the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced, and the transportation capacity of the crude oil is greatly improved. Thus, the initial temperature and pressure of the crude oil transmission can be reduced. If low-temperature is used to ensure the basic fluidity of the crude oil, and if natural gas associated with the gas is used as the isolation gas, the natural gas is also transmitted based on the transmission of the crude oil. Thus, the transportation capacity of the crude oil pipeline is greatly improved.

[0038] To ensure the periodic filling and release of gas by the air bag, a large number of centimeter-level hemispherical concave air chambers are made on the inner wall of the oil pipeline. When the air bag releases gas into the oil pipeline, the hemispherical concave air chambers on the inner wall of the oil pipeline are filled with gas under the pressure of the gas. When the air released by the air bag decreases, the crude oil seals the gas in the hemispherical concave air chambers. Thus, the contact area between the inner wall of the oil pipeline and the crude oil is greatly reduced, further reducing the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the pipeline. The pressure of the annular air bag during the filling process is greater than the transmission pressure of the crude oil. The temperature of the gas released by the annular air bag is greater than the transmission temperature of the crude oil.

[0039] Because the underwater caisson is placed in the water body, when there is a wind power generation peak period or surplus electricity, the water pump of the water pumping / water turbine power generation integrated machine discharges the water in the underwater caisson to store energy, and at the same time, the gas is sucked into the underwater caisson, such as the gas is replaced by associated natural gas in oil exploitation. When the wind power generator is in a power generation valley period or power failure, the generator of the water pumping / water turbine power generation integrated machine is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the water turbine generator of the water pumping / water turbine power generation integrated machine to generate power to supply the pipeline heat source of the seabed warming and pressurizing station, and at the same time, as the power generation capacity increases, the water level rises, and the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed, such as the gas in the underwater caisson is natural gas, the natural gas is compressed, and the compressed gas is discharged to the compressed air storage container for storage. The compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected with the seabed warming and pressurizing station through the storage container gas pipeline to provide the compressed gas of the seabed warming and pressurizing station. Because the underwater caisson compressed gas has no mechanical loss, the safety is high, and the efficiency is much higher than that of an air compressor. If low-temperature guaranteeing oil flowability is adopted, and associated natural gas in exploitation is used as the isolation gas, the oil pipeline transportation capacity is greatly improved. The oil is separated from the oil pipeline wall by the gas, and the transmission speed of the oil is greatly improved, and the role of the underwater caisson is further played.

[0040] If the minimum temperature guaranteeing oil flowability is adopted, and associated natural gas in exploitation is used as the isolation gas, and supplementary heating is performed during the transportation process, on one hand, the surface of the transported oil is heated to reduce the viscous resistance, and on the other hand, the pressure of the gas is increased to guarantee the gas pressure in the oil pipeline, so that the gas separates the oil from the oil pipeline wall, the transmission speed of the oil is greatly improved, and the role of the underwater caisson is further played.

[0041] Therefore, based on the distance requirement of the oil transportation pipeline, a plurality of seabed warming and pressurizing stations can be added in the seabed pipeline to guarantee the efficient transportation of the oil.

[0042] Advantages of the present application:

[0043] 1. The oil is separated from the inner wall of the drag-reducing oil pipeline by the gas, the viscous force between the oil and the inner wall of the drag-reducing oil pipeline is greatly reduced, and the oil transportation capacity is improved.

[0044] 2. Under the condition of guaranteeing the gas pressure, the speed of the oil transmission and the temperature change influence are relatively small. Therefore, the initial temperature of the oil can be appropriately reduced to guarantee the oil flowability.

[0045] 3. The compressed gas is heated by electric heating, and the electric heater is avoided to directly heat the oil, so that the carbon deposition and fouling in the electric heater are avoided, and the heat transfer efficiency is affected.

[0046] 4. The wind power generation caisson stores energy flexibly and locally installs the seabed warming and pressurizing station around, and the line loss is reduced.

[0047] 5. The submarine heating and pressurization station has good compensation capabilities.

[0048] 6. Underwater caisson energy storage provides a stable renewable power source.

[0049] 7. The underwater caisson compressed air has no mechanical loss and is much more efficient than the compressed air pump, providing highly efficient compressed gas.

[0050] 8. When the pipeline oil supply is stopped for some reason, the submarine heating and compression station continues to provide creeping drive for the crude oil in the existing pipeline, preventing the pipeline from solidifying and greatly reducing maintenance costs. This provides a new method for long-distance crude oil pipeline transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the structure change of the airbag for drag reduction in crude oil pipeline;

[0054] Figure 3 The flat structure and partial enlarged cross-section of the crude oil pipeline are unfolded;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the submarine heating and pressurization station system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system of the present invention includes a wind power energy storage unit and a submarine heating and pressurizing station; wherein the wind power energy storage unit and the submarine heating and pressurizing station are both placed in the sea, and the submarine heating and pressurizing station is distributed and installed in the middle of the submarine crude oil pipeline; the wind power energy storage unit is installed near the submarine heating and pressurizing station;

[0058] The wind power energy storage unit comprises a wind turbine 1, an underwater caisson 2 and a compressed air storage container 3, wherein the wind turbine 1 is arranged on the underwater caisson 2 and forms an integrated structure with the underwater caisson 2, the underwater caisson 2 is a suction anchor for wind power generation and also serves as an energy storage generator and a compressed gas storage container. The compressed air storage container 3 is arranged beside the underwater caisson 2. The compressed air storage container air inlet 4 is communicated with the underwater caisson air outlet 6 through the caisson exhaust pipeline 5, the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container 3 is communicated with the temperature and pressure adjusting unit air inlet 9 of the seabed heating and pressurizing station through the gas control valve 7 and the storage container gas pipeline 8. The wind turbine output power end 31 and the underwater caisson output power end 32 are connected with the power distribution control room power input end 34 of the seabed heating and pressurizing station through the cable 33.

[0059] In the relatively deep sea, the floating wind turbine 1 can be used, the underwater caisson 2 is arranged on the seabed as a suction anchor for the floating wind turbine 1, and the compressed air storage container 3 can be a gas bag or a rigid material container for gas storage. The compressed air storage container 3 of the gas bag is arranged at a water depth greater than the crude oil transportation pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station according to the crude oil transportation pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station. If the water depth pressure in the shallow water area is less than the crude oil transportation pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station, the compressed air storage container 3 uses a compressed gas tank container for secondary pressurization storage in the tank. The rigid material gas storage container can be arranged at any water depth and adjust the output pressure according to the crude oil transportation pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station.

[0060] The gas control valve 7 of the compressed air storage container 3 is controlled by the power distribution control cabinet 10 and adjusts the output pressure of the compressed air storage container 3 in real time according to the control strategy to meet the gas supply pressure requirement of the seabed heating and pressurizing station.

[0061] The underwater caisson 2 further comprises a driving water pumping / water wheel power generation integrated machine 35, an air inlet pipeline 36 and an underwater caisson air outlet 6.

[0062] When the wind turbine 1 is in peak power generation or has excess power, the water in the underwater caisson 2 is pumped out to store energy, and the gas is sucked into the underwater caisson 2 through the air inlet pipeline 36. When the wind turbine 1 is in low power generation or power failure, the generator of the pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine 35 is quickly started to drive the water turbine generator of the pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine 35 to generate power through the cable 33 to supply the pipeline heat source of the seabed heating and pressurizing station. At the same time, as the power generation increases, the water level rises, and the gas in the underwater caisson 2 is compressed and discharged into the compressed air storage container 3. The compressed gas in the compressed air storage container 3 is connected to the seabed heating and pressurizing station through the storage container gas pipeline 8, the temperature and pressure regulating unit inlet 9, and the seabed heating and pressurizing station, to provide the gas bag pressurization of the seabed heating and pressurizing station and the compressed gas isolation between the crude oil in the oil pipeline 42 and the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42. Because the underwater caisson 2 has small mechanical loss of compressed gas, its efficiency is much higher than that of an air compressor.

[0063] The seabed heating and pressurizing station is a sealed pressure-bearing rigid structure placed on the outside of the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline 11, and includes the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline 11, the power distribution control room 37, and the temperature and pressure regulating unit 12. The power distribution control room 37 is fixedly installed above the compressed gas temperature and pressure regulating unit 12, and is sealed and isolated from each other.

[0064] The drag-reducing crude oil pipeline 11 includes an outer pipeline 40, a heat preservation layer 41, an oil pipeline 42, and a pressurized heating drag-reducing gas bag group. The outer pipeline 40 plays a role in bearing the pressure of seawater depth, and the gas bag gas pipeline 14 is installed on the outer pipeline 40. The heat preservation layer 41 is placed between the outer pipeline 40 and the oil pipeline 42, and plays a role in heat preservation. The oil pipeline 42 is used for transporting crude oil, and the pressurized heating drag-reducing gas bag group is embedded and installed in the oil pipeline 42.

[0065] The pressurized heating drag-reducing gas bag group further includes a first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 18, a second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 19, an nth crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 20, and an annular exhaust pipeline 21. The first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 18, the second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 19, the nth crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular gas bag 20, and the annular exhaust pipeline 21 are all embedded and installed on the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42. n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0066] The first compressed gas pressure regulating valve 23 is installed on the first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing toroidal air bag 18, the second compressed gas pressure regulating valve 24 is installed on the second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing toroidal air bag 19, the nth compressed gas pressure regulating valve 25 is installed on the nth crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing toroidal air bag 20, and the toroidal exhaust pipeline regulating valve 26 is installed on the toroidal exhaust pipeline 21. The input ends of the first compressed gas pressure regulating valve 23, the second compressed gas pressure regulating valve 24, the nth compressed gas pressure regulating valve 25 and the toroidal exhaust pipeline regulating valve 26 are communicated with the air bag gas supply pipeline 14 through the oil pipeline 42, the heat preservation layer 41 and the outer pipeline 40.

[0067] The power distribution control cabinet 10 is fixedly installed in the power distribution control room 37, the wind turbine output power end 31 and the underwater caisson output power end are connected with the power distribution control cabinet 10 through the cable 33 and the power input end 34 of the power distribution control room 37 of the submarine heating and pressurizing station; the power distribution control cabinet 10 has all wireless and wired communication functions of the submarine heating and pressurizing station, monitors all sensors, valves and electrical appliances through wireless and wired communication, and has data exchange functions with the superior management. According to the sensor information, the superior management data exchange and the valve and electrical state, the control algorithm and the control strategy are analyzed and calculated to realize real-time control.

[0068] The compressed gas temperature and pressure regulating unit 12 comprises a compressed gas heating chamber 13 and an air bag gas supply pipeline 14.

[0069] As shown in Figures 1-4 The compressed gas heating chamber 13 further comprises an electric heater 38, a temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet 9 and an air bag gas supply pipeline air inlet valve 39.

[0070] The temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet 9 is embeddedly installed on one side of the compressed gas heating chamber 13, and the air bag gas supply pipeline air inlet valve 39 is embeddedly installed at the middle position of the bottom of the compressed gas heating chamber 13 and is communicated with the air bag gas supply pipeline 14. The air bag gas supply pipeline air inlet valve 39 is a check valve, and the air flow direction is from the compressed gas heating chamber 13 to the air bag gas supply pipeline 14.

[0071] The temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet 9 is communicated with the storage container gas supply pipeline 8, and the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container 3 enters the compressed gas heating chamber 13 through the storage container gas supply pipeline 8 and the temperature and pressure regulating unit air inlet 9.

[0072] The electric heater 38 is fixedly installed at the central position in the compressed gas heating chamber 13, and is powered by the wind turbine output power end 31 and the underwater caisson output power end 32 through the cable 33 under the control of the power distribution control cabinet 10 to heat the compressed gas in the compressed gas heating chamber 13.

[0073] As shown in Figures 1-3The shown oil pipeline 42 is evenly distributed with numerous hemispherical concave air chambers 43 on the inner wall of the pipeline outside the installation of the booster heating drag reduction air bag group. The purpose is to release the compressed gas in the annular exhaust pipeline 21 through the air bag gas supply pipeline 14. On the one hand, the crude oil in the oil pipeline 42 is isolated from the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42 by gas, and on the other hand, the released compressed gas is retained in the hemispherical concave air chamber 43, which increases the gas area of the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42. Especially when the annular exhaust pipeline 21 stops releasing compressed gas, the gas is sealed in the hemispherical concave air chamber 43 due to the pressure of the crude oil, which also reduces the viscous force between the crude oil in the oil pipeline 42 and the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42.

[0074] Therefore, under the control of the power distribution control cabinet 10, the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container 3 passes through the gas control valve 7, enters the compressed gas heating chamber 13 through the storage container gas pipeline 8 and the temperature and pressure regulating unit gas inlet 9, and the compressed gas heated by the electric heater 38 enters the air bag gas supply pipeline 14 through the air bag gas supply pipeline inlet valve 39. The power distribution control cabinet 10 controls the first compressed gas pressure regulating valve 23, the second compressed gas pressure regulating valve 24, the nth compressed gas pressure regulating valve 25 and the annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve 26 according to the control strategy to supply gas to the first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 18, the second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 19, the nth crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 20 and the annular exhaust pipeline 21, so that the first crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 18, the second crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 19 and the nth crude oil pipeline electric heating and pressurizing annular air bag 20 are filled, and the crude oil in the oil pipeline is pressurized and heated through the release of compressed gas in the annular exhaust pipeline 21, and the crude oil is driven to move forward by peristalsis. At the same time, through the release of compressed gas in the annular exhaust pipeline 21, a gas film is formed between the oil pipeline 42 and the crude oil, which isolates the crude oil in the oil pipeline 42 from the inner wall of the oil pipeline 42 by gas, reduces the frictional resistance between the crude oil and the pipeline wall, and greatly reduces the viscous resistance between the oil pipeline 42 and the crude oil, thereby further improving the transportation capacity of the crude oil.

[0075] The control method of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step 1, according to the characteristics of crude oil, environmental temperature, pressure, pipeline diameter, adjacent seabed heating and pressurizing station data, and new energy heating priority principle, the relationship function of the best temperature and pressure of the seabed heating and pressurizing station crude oil transportation is established;

[0077] Step 2, according to the relationship function, real-time monitoring of relevant sampling information such as the pressure and temperature of the subsea heating and pressurizing station, the power distribution control cabinet controls the pressure of the compressed air storage container and the heater power output according to the control strategy to meet the gas pressure and temperature requirements of the subsea heating and pressurizing station. At the same time, data exchange with the superior management system and other subsea heating and pressurizing stations through wireless or wired communication.

[0078] Step 3, normal working mode: the subsea heating and pressurizing station monitors the relevant sampling information such as the flow velocity, pressure and temperature of the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline according to the relationship function, and the power distribution control cabinet controls the n compressed gas pressure regulating valves to control the inflation of the annular air bag along the direction of crude oil flow in time and step by step, and controls the release of gas from the annular exhaust pipe to the annular air bag, which separates the crude oil from the inner wall of the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, greatly reducing the viscous force between the crude oil and the inner wall of the pipeline and improving the crude oil transportation capacity.

[0079] When the pipeline stops supplying oil due to some reason, the pressure of the crude oil pipeline decreases or disappears. When a subsea heating and pressurizing station monitors that the crude oil pressure in the pipeline decreases to the minimum threshold value, the subsea heating and pressurizing station automatically starts the maintenance mode: the first annular air bag is inflated to close the current drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, and the second, third, and n-th annular air bags are inflated in turn to drive the crude oil in the pipeline to flow forward, and the gas is released through the annular exhaust pipe valve to drive the crude oil in the pipeline. At this time, the pressure in the pipeline is monitored by the next and subsequent subsea heating and pressurizing stations, and the normal working mode is maintained when the pressure is normal.

[0080] When a subsea heating and pressurizing station monitors that the oil and gas ratio of the crude oil in the pipeline is less than the minimum threshold value, the inflation of the annular air bag is stopped, and the first annular air bag is kept inflated to close the pipeline. At this time, the pressure in the pipeline gradually decreases, and when the next subsea heating and pressurizing station monitors that the crude oil pressure in the pipeline decreases to the minimum threshold value, the subsea heating and pressurizing station automatically starts the maintenance mode. In this way, the maintenance mode is carried out, and finally the crude oil is transported out to avoid solidification in the pipeline.

[0081] When a subsea heating and pressurizing station monitors that the crude oil pressure in the pipeline is greater than the minimum threshold value, the subsea heating and pressurizing station automatically recovers to the normal working mode.

[0082] If a subsea heating and pressurizing station fails to work normally and is monitored by other subsea heating and pressurizing stations, at this time, all the electric heating and pressurizing annular airbags of the crude oil pipeline of the failed subsea heating and pressurizing station are not inflated, and the crude oil passes normally, and the previous subsea heating and pressurizing station increases the gas supply pressure and temperature of the subsea heating and pressurizing station according to the transmission loss of pressure and temperature.

Claims

1. Offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system, characterized by: It includes a wind power storage unit and a submarine heating and pressurizing station. Both the wind power storage unit and the submarine heating and pressurizing station are placed in the sea. The submarine heating and pressurizing station is installed in the middle of the submarine crude oil pipeline. The wind power storage unit is installed near the submarine heating and pressurizing station. The wind power energy storage unit includes a wind turbine, an underwater caisson and a compressed air storage container; in shallow waters, the wind turbine is placed on top of the underwater caisson and forms an integrated structure with the underwater caisson. The underwater caisson serves as a suction anchor pile for wind power generation, while taking into account the functions of energy storage and power generation and compressed gas; the compressed air storage container is installed next to the underwater caisson; the air inlet of the compressed air storage container is connected to the exhaust hole of the underwater caisson through the caisson exhaust pipe, and the compressed gas of the compressed air storage container is connected to the air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit of the submarine heating and pressure station through the gas control valve and the storage container gas pipeline; the output power end of the wind turbine and the output power end of the underwater caisson are connected to the power input end of the power distribution control room of the submarine heating and pressure station via a cable; In relatively deep seas, the wind turbine is a floating wind turbine. The underwater caisson is placed on the seabed as a suction anchor for the floating wind turbine. The compressed air storage container uses an air bag or a container made of rigid material as a gas storage container. It is placed at a water depth greater than the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station. If the water depth pressure in the shallow water area is lower than the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station, the compressed air storage container uses a compressed gas tank container for secondary pressurization and storage in the tank. The rigid material gas storage container can be placed at any water depth, and the output pressure is adjusted according to the crude oil delivery pressure of the submarine heating and compression station. The gas control valve of the compressed air storage container is controlled by the power distribution control cabinet and adjusts the pressure output by the compressed air storage container in real time according to the control strategy to meet the gas supply pressure requirements of the submarine heating and compression station.

2. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underwater caisson also includes a driving pumping / hydraulic turbine generator, an air intake pipe and an underwater caisson exhaust port; since the underwater caisson is placed in the water body, when there is a peak period of wind power generation or surplus power, the water in the underwater caisson is discharged by the pump of the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator to store energy, and at the same time, the gas is sucked into the underwater caisson through the air intake pipe; when the wind turbine generator is in a low power generation period or power outage, the generator of the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the pumping / hydraulic turbine generator. The turbine generator of the machine generates electricity and supplies power to the submarine heating and pressure station through cables to provide pipeline heat source. At the same time, as the power generation increases and the water level rises, the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed, and the compressed gas is discharged into the compressed air storage container for storage through the caisson exhaust pipe; the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected to the submarine heating and pressure station through the storage container gas pipeline and the air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit, providing compressed gas for the air bag pressurization of the submarine heating and pressure station and the isolation of the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the inner wall of the oil pipeline.

3. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The submarine heating and pressurizing station is a sealed, pressure-bearing rigid structure, placed on the outer side of the drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, and includes a power distribution control room and a temperature and pressure regulating unit. The power distribution control room is fixedly installed on the temperature and pressure regulating unit of the compressed gas, and the two are sealed and isolated from each other.

4. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The drag-reducing crude oil pipeline includes an outer pipeline, an insulation layer, an oil pipeline and a pressurized, heated, and drag-reducing airbag group; the outer pipeline serves to bear the pressure of the seawater depth, and an airbag air supply pipeline is installed on the outer pipeline; the insulation layer is placed between the outer pipeline and the oil pipeline to provide insulation; the oil pipeline is used to transport crude oil, and a pressurized, heated, and drag-reducing airbag group is embedded and installed in the oil pipeline.

5. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pressurized, heated, and drag-reducing airbag group also includes n crude oil pipeline electrically heated and pressurized annular airbags and annular exhaust pipes; each crude oil pipeline electrically heated and pressurized annular airbag and annular exhaust pipe are embedded and installed on the inner wall of the oil pipeline, and n is an integer ≥1.

6. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each electrically heated and pressurized annular airbag in the crude oil pipeline is equipped with a compressed gas pressure regulating valve, and the annular exhaust pipe is equipped with an annular exhaust pipe regulating valve; the input end of each compressed gas pressure regulating valve and annular exhaust pipe regulating valve passes through the oil pipeline, insulation layer, and external pipeline to be connected to the airbag air supply pipeline.

7. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The power distribution control cabinet is fixedly installed in the power distribution control room, and the output power end of the wind turbine and the output power end of the underwater caisson are connected to the power distribution control cabinet via cables and the power input end of the power distribution control room of the submarine heating and pressurizing station; the power distribution control cabinet has all wireless and wired communication functions for the submarine heating and pressurizing station, monitors all sensors, valves, and electrical systems through wireless and wired communications, and also has the function of exchanging data with superior management, and performs real-time control based on sensor information, superior management data exchange, and valve and electrical status, analysis and calculation, and control algorithms and control strategies.

8. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The compressed gas temperature and pressure regulating unit includes a compressed gas heating chamber and an air bag air supply pipeline; The compressed gas heating chamber also includes an electric heater, an air inlet of a temperature and pressure regulating unit, and an air inlet valve of an air bag air supply pipeline.

9. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit is embedded and installed on the side outside the compressed gas heating chamber; the air inlet valve of the air bag air supply pipeline is embedded and installed in the middle position of the bottom of the compressed gas heating chamber and is connected to the air bag air supply pipeline. The air inlet valve of the air bag air supply pipeline is a check valve, and the air flow direction is from the compressed gas heating chamber to the air bag air supply pipeline; The air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit is connected to the gas pipeline of the storage container, and the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container enters the compressed gas heating room through the gas pipeline of the storage container and the air inlet of the temperature and pressure regulating unit.

10. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The electric heater is fixedly installed at the center position of the compressed gas heating chamber. The electric heater is powered by the wind turbine output power end and the underwater caisson output power end through cables under the control of the power distribution control cabinet to heat the compressed gas in the compressed gas heating chamber.

11. The offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Countless hemispherical concave air chambers are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the oil pipeline outside the pressurized heating and drag-reducing airbag group. The compressed gas released in the annular exhaust pipe through the airbag supply pipe, on the one hand, isolates the crude oil in the oil pipeline from the inner wall of the oil pipeline through gas, and on the other hand, the released compressed gas is retained in the hemispherical concave air chambers, thereby increasing the gas area of ​​the inner wall of the oil pipeline.

12. The control method of the offshore wind power energy storage airbag heating and pressurizing crude oil pipeline transportation system according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Based on the characteristics of crude oil, ambient temperature, pressure, pipeline diameter, data of adjacent submarine heating and compression stations, and the principle of priority for renewable energy heating, establish a relationship function between the optimal temperature and pressure for crude oil transportation at the submarine heating and compression station; Step 2: Based on the relationship function, relevant sampling information is monitored in real time. The relevant sampling information includes the pressure and temperature of the submarine heating and compression station. The power distribution control cabinet controls the pressure output of the gas control valve of the compressed air storage container and the heater power in real time according to the control strategy to meet the gas supply pressure and temperature requirements of the submarine heating and compression station. At the same time, data is exchanged with the upper management system and other submarine heating and compression stations via wireless or wired communication. Step 3, in normal working mode: the submarine heating and pressurizing station monitors relevant sampling information in real time based on the relationship function. The relevant sampling information includes the flow velocity, pressure and temperature of crude oil in the drag reduction crude oil pipeline. The power distribution control cabinet controls n compressed gas pressure regulating valves according to the control strategy to control the filling of the annular airbags in sequence along the flow direction of crude oil in a time-sharing and step-by-step manner, pressurizes the crude oil in the drag reduction crude oil pipeline to drive the crude oil to flow forward, and at the same time controls the annular exhaust pipeline regulating valve to release the gas from the annular airbags into the drag reduction crude oil pipeline, thereby separating the crude oil from the inner wall of the drag reduction crude oil pipeline through the gas, greatly reducing the viscosity between the crude oil and the inner wall of the drag reduction crude oil pipeline, and improving the crude oil transportation capacity.

13. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The submarine heating and pressurizing station also has an adaptive startup and maintenance mode: it controls the first crude oil pipeline's electrically heated and pressurized annular airbag to fill and close the current drag-reducing crude oil pipeline, and then fills the second, third, to the nth second crude oil pipeline's electrically heated and pressurized annular airbags in sequence, driving the crude oil in the crude oil pipeline to flow forward, and releasing gas through the annular exhaust pipeline control valve to peristaltically drive the crude oil in the existing pipeline; at this time, the pressure in the crude oil pipeline is normal when monitored by the next and subsequent submarine heating and pressurizing stations, and the normal working mode is maintained.

14. The control method according to claim 12, characterized in that: When a submarine heating and pressurizing station detects that the oil-to-gas ratio of the crude oil in the crude oil pipeline is less than the minimum threshold value, the filling control of the electric heating and pressurizing annular airbags of each crude oil pipeline is stopped, and the electric heating and pressurizing annular airbag of the first crude oil pipeline is kept filled and closed; at this time, the pressure in the crude oil pipeline gradually decreases. When the next submarine heating and pressurizing station detects that the crude oil pressure in the crude oil pipeline has decreased to the minimum threshold value, the submarine heating and pressurizing station adaptively starts the maintenance mode; the maintenance mode is continued in this way, and the crude oil is finally transported out to prevent the crude oil from solidifying in the pipeline; When a submarine heating and pressurizing station detects that the crude oil pressure in the crude oil pipeline is greater than the minimum threshold, the submarine heating and pressurizing station adaptively resumes normal operating mode; Because a submarine heating and pressure station fails to work normally due to a failure, it is monitored by other submarine heating and pressure stations. At this time, all the electric heating and pressure annular airbags of the crude oil pipelines of the faulty submarine heating and pressure station are not inflated, and crude oil passes normally. The upper submarine heating and pressure station increases the gas supply pressure and temperature of the submarine heating and pressure station based on the transmission loss of pressure and temperature.

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