Soil nematode screening device and control system thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soil nematode screening device and its control system, which relate to the technical field of nematode screening. The device comprises a frame, a spraying mechanism, a screening mechanism, a negative pressure mechanism, a separation auxiliary device, a sample receiving mechanism, the separation auxiliary device, and a control system for controlling the operation of the spraying mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism, the separation auxiliary device, the sample receiving mechanism, and the separation auxiliary device. The device has a simple structure and is easy to use. By adding the screening mechanism, the spraying mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism, the sample receiving mechanism, and the separation auxiliary device to the Baermann funnel method, the screen is less likely to clog during nematode screening, resulting in high screening efficiency. Furthermore, the screening temperature, humidity, light intensity, and pressure are all adjustable during screening, providing different screening environments and effectively ensuring the activity of the screened nematodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nematode screening, and in particular to a soil nematode screening device. Background Art

[0002] Soil nematodes are a dominant group among soil animals, with large populations and enormous numbers, occupying multiple trophic levels in the soil food web. Their community composition can reflect climatic conditions, soil texture, soil organic matter input, and natural and human disturbances. They are considered indicators of a region's biodiversity and sustainability, and are often used to assess soil health, soil zoological effects, ecosystem succession, and the intensity of external disturbances. Therefore, research on soil nematodes is crucial. Nematode isolation is the foundation of soil nematode taxonomy, morphology, ecology, and pathology research. Isolation efficiency directly limits subsequent research, making it crucial to isolate soil nematodes efficiently, non-destructively, rapidly, and in sufficient quantities.

[0003] According to different research purposes and principles, the commonly used methods for separating soil nematodes at home and abroad are: Baermann funnel method, centrifugal flotation method, shallow plate method and screening and washing method. The centrifugal flotation method uses high-concentration sugar water, which can easily deform the worm body and affect the worm body activity, and the nematode suspension contains more impurities; the shallow plate method also uses filter paper during use, which is suitable for separating active nematodes in the soil, but the separation efficiency is low; most devices of the screening and washing method are unable to collect nematode eggs; the Baermann funnel method uses the nematode's hydrotaxis and its own gravity to separate from the soil and enter the water. The separated worm body is clean, complete, highly active, simple to operate, and has few impurities, which is convenient for subsequent counting and identification. However, it still has disadvantages such as the screen is easy to clog and the paper towel is easy to break when soaked in water. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a soil nematode screening device, which has high screening efficiency and the screened nematode bodies are clean, complete and highly active.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A soil nematode screening device includes a frame, a spraying mechanism, and a screening mechanism disposed on the frame. Specifically, the screening mechanism includes a screening cylinder, wherein the screening cylinder has multiple sets of detachable screens disposed therein, a closing cover disposed at the top, and a funnel-shaped base at the bottom. The inner wall of the base has a spiral drainage groove, and the lowest end of the base is provided with a temporary storage tank, the bottom of which has a drainage port.

[0007] The spray mechanism includes a spray device, which includes a plurality of annular tubes whose number is equal to the number of screens. The plurality of annular tubes are arranged at intervals from top to bottom to form an installation cavity. Two adjacent annular tubes are connected by connecting tubes, one of which is provided with a liquid inlet, and the inner side of each annular tube is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets, and the liquid outlets are connected with a spray pipe. The screening cylinder is placed in the installation cavity, and the arrangement positions of the plurality of groups of screens are all located below the plurality of annular tubes. The peripheral side of the screening cylinder is provided with a plurality of avoidance ports that match the liquid outlets one by one, and the spray pipe enters the interior of the screening cylinder through the avoidance ports. The peripheral side of each spray pipe is provided with a plurality of spray hoses, and the discharge end of the spray hose is provided with a spray head. By cooperating with the provided spray mechanism and the screening mechanism, the nematode separation efficiency can be higher in the process of separating soil nematodes.

[0008] Specifically, the spray mechanism also includes a liquid injection device that cooperates with the spray device. Specifically, the liquid injection device includes a water tank, a liquid injection pipe and a liquid injection pump. The two ends of the liquid injection pipe are respectively connected to the water tank and the liquid inlet on the connecting pipe. The liquid injection pump is arranged on the connecting pipe. Preferably, the liquid injection device also includes a heating device, a temperature sensor and a first controller for controlling the operating state of the heating device. The heating device and the temperature sensor are both arranged in the water tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller. The operating state of the liquid injection pump is also controlled by the first controller. The flow rate and time of the eluent can be automatically controlled by the first controller, and the heating device, the liquid injection pump and the temperature sensor cooperate with each other to provide eluents with different flow rates and different temperatures to create different humidity conditions.

[0009] Preferably, the above-mentioned soil nematode screening device also includes a sample receiving mechanism, which includes multiple sample receiving components for collecting sample liquid in a temporary storage tank and a moving component for adjusting the position of the sample receiving component. Specifically, the frame is a double-layer structure, the screening mechanism is arranged on the top layer of the frame, and the top layer of the frame has a gap for the temporary storage tank to pass through, the moving component is assembled on the bottom layer of the screening mechanism, and multiple sample receiving components are placed on the moving component and are evenly arranged along the moving direction of the moving component.

[0010] Preferably, the moving component includes a base plate, a drive motor and a second controller for controlling the operating state of the drive motor. The base plate can be slidably installed on the bottom layer of the frame. A rack is fixed on one side of the top of the base plate. The drive motor is also fixed to the bottom layer of the frame, and the drive shaft of the drive motor is provided with a gear meshing with the rack; the sample receiving component includes a placement plate, a sample receiving cup and a liquid separation head. The placement plate is provided with a plurality of placement slots, each placement slot is provided with a sample receiving cup, the liquid separation head is assembled at the discharge port, and has a plurality of drainage tubes, the discharge ends of the plurality of drainage tubes correspond one-to-one to the sample receiving ends of the plurality of sample receiving cups, each drainage tube is provided with a first control valve, and the working state of the first control valve is controlled by the second controller. Preferably, a filter is detachably provided in the sample receiving cup and near the sample receiving end.

[0011] Preferably, the soil nematode screening device further comprises a negative pressure mechanism provided on the frame, the negative pressure mechanism comprising an air extraction device, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the temporary storage tank, and a third controller for controlling the operating state of the air extraction device, the pressure sensor and the third controller are connected via a signal transceiver module, the air extraction device comprises an air extraction end and an exhaust end, the air extraction end is connected to an air extraction pipe extending to the interior of the screening cylinder, the exhaust end is provided with a drainage seat, the drainage seat has two exhaust ports, one of the exhaust ports and the drain port is provided with a second control valve connected to the third controller, one of the exhaust ports is connected to an air injection pipe extending to the temporary storage tank, and the exhaust end of the air injection pipe is provided with a one-way valve;

[0012] A sealing gasket is provided between the spray pipe and the avoidance port, and the closing cover is screwed to the screening cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the screen is mounted on the screening drum through an assembly structure, the assembly structure comprising a plurality of support platforms provided on the inner wall of the screening drum and a sealing ring sleeved on the periphery of the screen. After the screen is mounted on the plurality of support platforms, the sealing ring is in close contact with the inner wall of the screening drum.

[0014] The inner wall of the screening drum is provided with a fixing hole for installing a support platform, and the support platform is detachably inserted into the fixing hole.

[0015] Preferably, a separation auxiliary device is provided on the inner wall of the screening drum and above each group of screens. The separation auxiliary device includes multiple light lamps, light sensors and a fourth controller for controlling the operating status of the light lamps. The light sensors are connected to the fourth controller. The inner wall of the screening drum is evenly provided with multiple assembly holes for installing light lamps and light sensors.

[0016] A control system based on the soil nematode screening device is also provided. Specifically, the system integrates a first controller, a second controller, a third controller and a fourth controller.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention adds a screening mechanism, a spraying mechanism, a negative pressure mechanism, a sample receiving mechanism and a separation auxiliary device to the Baermann funnel method. When screening nematodes, the screen is not easily clogged and the screening efficiency is high. In addition, the screening temperature, humidity, light and pressure can be adjusted during screening, which can provide different screening environments and effectively ensure the activity of the screened nematodes.

[0019] 2. The screen used for nematode separation is installed on the screening cylinder with a latch-type structure, so that the size of the screen can be adjusted and replaced at any time according to needs. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0020] 3. A spray hose is added to the spray pipe. When the spray mechanism is in operation, the spray hose swings randomly under the recoil force, and the sprayed water flow randomly impacts the soil sample on the screen, thereby reducing the chance of screen clogging.

[0021] 4. A filter is provided in the sample cup of the sample receiving mechanism to reduce impurities in the sample liquid. During implementation, sample liquids of different qualities can be obtained by replacing filters of different specifications.

[0022] 5. The air injection pipe is used to backwash the sample liquid in the temporary storage tank using the exhaust air of the exhaust device, thereby achieving the effect of secondary stirring of the sample liquid, making the soil nematodes and the elution liquid more evenly mixed, and increasing the filtration rate of the sample cup.

[0023] 6. The degree of automation is high, and the labor workload in the entire nematode screening process is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the screening mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the spray device, the liquid injection device and the negative pressure mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the annular tube of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sample receiving mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a principle block diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure ID:

[0031] 1. Frame, 2. Spray mechanism, 21. Spray device, 211. Ring pipe, 212. Connecting pipe, 22. Spray pipe, 23. Spray hose, 24. Spray head, 25. Injection device, 251. Water tank, 252. Injection pipe, 253. Injection pump, 3. Screening mechanism, 31. Screen cylinder, 311. Base, 312. Spiral drainage groove, 313. Avoidance port, 32. Screen, 33. Closing cover, 34. Temporary storage tank, 35. Drain port, 4. Sample receiving mechanism, 41. Sample receiving assembly, 411. Placement plate, 412. Sample receiving cup, 413. Dispensing head, 414. Drainage tube, 42. Moving assembly, 421. Base plate, 422. Drive motor, 423. Rack, 424. Gear, 5. Negative pressure mechanism, 51. Vacuum device, 52. Vacuum pipe, 53. Gas injection pipe, 6. Assembly structure, 61. Support platform, 62. Sealing ring, 7. Separation auxiliary device, 71. Light lamp, 72. Light sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1-6 The soil nematode screening device shown in the figure comprises a frame 1 and a spraying mechanism 2 and a screening mechanism 3 arranged on the frame 1, wherein the screening mechanism 3 comprises a screening cylinder 31, wherein the interior of the screening cylinder 31 is provided with a plurality of groups of detachable screens 32, and the number of the plurality of groups of screens 32 increases from top to bottom; the top of the screening cylinder 31 is provided with a closing cover 33, and the bottom is a funnel-shaped base 311, the inner wall of the base 311 is provided with a spiral drainage groove 312, and the lowest end of the base 311 is provided with a There is a temporary storage tank 34 with a drainage port 35 at the bottom. During implementation, the soil sample is placed on the top screen 32. When screening the nematodes in the soil, the spraying mechanism 2 sprays water onto the screen 32 to wash out the nematodes in the soil. The washing liquid containing the nematodes is filtered through multiple groups of screens 32 to remove some impurities and then guided into the temporary storage tank 34 through the spiral drainage groove 312. The sample liquid in the temporary storage tank 34 is obtained through the drainage port 35, and the obtained sample liquid can be filtered to obtain the nematodes.

[0035] Specifically, the spiral drainage groove 312 causes the eluent to form a vortex, thereby evenly mixing the soil nematodes in the temporary storage tank 34 with the eluent, which can increase the filtration speed when filtering the sample liquid later. The detachable screen 32 is convenient for cleaning and replacement after being blocked. Preferably, the screen 32 is mounted on the screening cylinder 31 through the assembly structure 6. Specifically, the assembly structure 6 includes a plurality of support platforms 61 provided on the inner wall of the screening cylinder 31 and a sealing ring 62 sleeved on the side of the screen 32. After the screen 32 is mounted on the plurality of support platforms 61, the sealing ring 62 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the screening cylinder 31 to prevent the eluent and nematodes from leaking through the gap between the screen 32 and the inner wall of the screening cylinder 31. Preferably, considering that when the screen 32 at the bottom of the screening cylinder 31 is installed, the support platform 61 at the top of the screening cylinder 31 will block the screen 32 from passing through, a fixing hole for mounting the support platform 61 is opened on the inner wall of the screening cylinder 31, and the support platform 61 is detachably inserted into the fixing hole.

[0036] The sieve drum 31 is placed in the installation cavity, and the arrangement positions of the multiple groups of screens 32 are all under the multiple annular tubes 211. The sieve drum 31 is provided with a plurality of avoidance openings 313 which match the liquid outlets one by one. The spray pipes 22 enter the interior of the sieve drum 31 through the avoidance openings 313. The sieve drum 31 is provided with a plurality of spray hoses 23 on the circumference of each spray pipe 22. The discharge end of the spray hose 23 is provided with a spray head 24. By adding a plurality of spray hoses 23 to the spray pipe 22, the spray hose 23 is provided with a spray head 24. A spray hose 23 is provided. When the spray mechanism 2 is in operation, the spray hose 23 swings randomly under the recoil force, and the water flow sprayed therefrom randomly impacts the soil sample on the screen 32, thereby reducing the probability of clogging of the screen 32. The spray mechanism 2 also includes a liquid injection device 25 that cooperates with the spray device 21. The liquid injection device 25 includes a water tank 251, an injection pipe 252 and an injection pump 253. The two ends of the injection pipe 252 are respectively connected to the water tank 251 and the liquid inlet on the connecting pipe 212. The injection pump 253 is provided on the connecting pipe 212. Preferably, the liquid injection device 25 also includes a heating device, a temperature sensor and a first controller for controlling the operating state of the heating device. The heating device and the temperature sensor are both provided in the water tank 251, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller. The operating state of the injection pump 253 is also controlled by the first controller, and can inject eluents of different temperatures into the screening mechanism 3.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the soil nematode screening device further includes a sample receiving mechanism 4, which is used to collect the sample liquid in the temporary storage tank 34 and filter the sample liquid to obtain nematodes. Specifically, the sample receiving mechanism 4 includes a plurality of sample receiving components 41 for collecting the sample liquid in the temporary storage tank 34 and a moving component 42 for adjusting the position of the sample receiving components 41;

[0039] The frame 1 has a double-layer structure. The screening mechanism 3 is provided on the top layer of the frame 1. The top layer of the frame 1 has a gap for the temporary storage tank 34 to pass through. The moving assembly 42 is assembled on the bottom layer of the screening mechanism 3. Multiple sample receiving assemblies 41 are placed on the moving assembly 42 and are evenly arranged along the moving direction of the moving assembly 42. Specifically, the moving assembly 42 includes a bottom plate 421, a drive motor 422 and a second controller for controlling the operating state of the drive motor 422. The bottom plate 421 is slidably mounted on the bottom layer of the frame 1. A rack 423 is fixed to one side of the top of the bottom plate 421. The drive motor 422 is also fixed to the bottom layer of the frame 1, and the drive shaft of the drive motor 422 is provided with a gear 424 meshing with the rack 423.

[0040] The sample receiving assembly 41 includes a placement plate 411, a sample receiving cup 412 and a liquid separation head 413. The placement plate 411 has multiple placement slots, each of which is equipped with a sample receiving cup 412. A filter is detachably provided in the sample receiving cup 412 near the sample receiving end. The liquid separation head 413 is assembled at the discharge port 35 and has multiple drainage tubes 414. The discharge ends of the multiple drainage tubes 414 correspond one-to-one to the sample receiving ends of the multiple sample receiving cups 412. Each drainage tube 414 is provided with a first control valve, and the working state of the first control valve is controlled by a second controller.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] On the basis of Example 2, the above-mentioned soil nematode screening device further includes a negative pressure mechanism 5 provided on the frame 1. When screening nematodes in the soil, the negative pressure mechanism 5 reduces the pressure inside the screening drum 31, thereby increasing the speed of the eluent passing through the screen 32. Specifically, the negative pressure mechanism 5 includes an air extraction device 51, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the temporary storage tank 34, and a third controller for controlling the operating state of the air extraction device 51. The pressure sensor is connected to the third controller through a signal transceiver module. The air extraction device 51 has an air extraction end and an exhaust end. The air extraction end is connected to an air extraction pipe 52 extending to the inside of the screening drum 31. A sealing gasket is provided between the spray pipe 22 and the avoidance port 313. The closing cover 33 is screwed to the screening drum 31. The sealing gasket and the second control valve on the drain port 35 cooperate with each other to form a sealed space inside the screening drum 31, thereby ensuring that the negative pressure mechanism 5 can form a negative pressure inside the screening drum 31.

[0043] Preferably, the exhaust end of the vacuum device 51 is provided with a drainage seat 53, and the drainage seat 53 has two exhaust ports for diverting gas, one of the exhaust ports and the drain port 35 are both provided with a second control valve connected to the third controller, and one of the exhaust ports is connected to an injection pipe 53 extending into the temporary storage tank 34. The exhaust end of the injection pipe 53 has a one-way valve to prevent the sample liquid from entering the injection pipe 53. When the vacuum device 51 extracts the gas inside the screening cylinder 31 to form a negative pressure, the injection pipe 53 and the second control valve cooperate with each other to allow the gas discharged by the vacuum device 51 to enter the temporary storage tank 34 to backflush the stored sample liquid, thereby achieving the effect of secondary stirring of the sample liquid, so that the soil nematodes and the washing liquid can be mixed more evenly.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] On the basis of Example 3, in order to achieve the purpose of adjusting the temperature and light on the back of the screening drum 31, a separation auxiliary device 7 is provided on the inner wall of the screening drum 31 and above each group of screens 32. The separation auxiliary device includes multiple light lamps 71, light sensors 72 and a fourth controller for controlling the operating status of the light lamps 71. The light sensor 72 is connected to the fourth controller. The inner wall of the screening drum 31 is evenly provided with multiple assembly holes for installing the light lamps 71 and the light sensors 72.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] Based on Example 4, this embodiment provides a control system for a soil nematode screening device. Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the first controller, the second controller, the third controller and the fourth controller are integrated into one, which is easy to operate.

[0048] In summary, the soil nematode screening device and its control system disclosed in the present invention have a simple structure and are easy to use. By adding a screening mechanism 3, a spraying mechanism 2, a negative pressure mechanism 5, a sample receiving mechanism 4 and a separation auxiliary device 7 on the basis of the Baermann funnel method, the screen 32 is not easy to be blocked when screening nematodes, and the screening efficiency is high. In addition, during screening, the screening temperature, humidity, light and pressure can be adjusted, which can provide different screening environments and effectively ensure the activity of the screened worms.

[0049] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil nematode screening device, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), and a spraying mechanism (2) and a screening mechanism (3) arranged on the frame (1); The screening mechanism (3) includes a screening cylinder (31), wherein a plurality of detachable screens (32) are provided inside the screening cylinder (31), a closing cover (33) is provided at the top, and a funnel-shaped base (311) is provided at the bottom. The inner wall of the base (311) has a spiral drainage groove (312), and a temporary storage tank (34) is provided at the lowest end of the base (311). The bottom of the temporary storage tank (34) has a liquid discharge port (35). The spray mechanism (2) includes a spray device (21), the spray device (21) includes a plurality of annular tubes (211) whose number is equal to the number of the screens (32), the plurality of annular tubes (211) are spaced from top to bottom to form an installation cavity, two adjacent annular tubes (211) are connected by a connecting tube (212), one of the connecting tubes (212) is provided with a liquid inlet, and the inner side of each annular tube (211) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets, and the liquid outlets are connected to the spray pipe (2 2) The screening cylinder (31) is placed in the installation cavity, and the arrangement positions of the plurality of groups of screens (32) are all located below the plurality of annular tubes (211). The peripheral side of the screening cylinder (31) is provided with a plurality of avoidance openings (313) that match the liquid outlets one by one. The spray pipe (22) enters the interior of the screening cylinder (31) through the avoidance openings (313). The peripheral side of each spray pipe (22) is provided with a plurality of spray hoses (23), and the discharge end of the spray hose (23) is provided with a spray head (24); The soil nematode screening device further comprises a sample receiving mechanism (4) and a negative pressure mechanism (5) provided on a frame (1), wherein the sample receiving mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of sample receiving components (41) for collecting sample liquid in a temporary storage tank (34) and a moving component (42) for adjusting the position of the sample receiving component (41); the frame (1) is a double-layer structure, the screening mechanism (3) is provided on the top layer of the frame (1), and the top layer of the frame (1) has a notch for the temporary storage tank (34) to pass through, the moving component (42) is assembled on the bottom layer of the screening mechanism (3), and the plurality of sample receiving components (41) are all placed on the moving component (42) and are evenly arranged along the moving direction of the moving component (42); The negative pressure mechanism (5) includes an air extraction device (51), a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the temporary storage tank (34), and a third controller for controlling the operating state of the air extraction device (51). The pressure sensor is connected to the third controller via a signal transceiver module. The air extraction device (51) has an air extraction end and an exhaust end. The air extraction end is connected to an air extraction pipe (52) extending into the interior of the screening cylinder (31). The exhaust end is provided with a drainage seat (53). The drainage seat has two exhaust ports, one of which and the liquid discharge port (35) are both provided with a second control valve connected to the third controller. One of the exhaust ports is connected to an air injection pipe (53) extending into the temporary storage tank (34). The exhaust end of the air injection pipe (53) is provided with a one-way valve. A sealing gasket is provided between the spray pipe (22) and the avoidance port (313). The closing cover (33) is screwed to the screening cylinder (31).

2. The soil nematode screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray mechanism (2) further includes a liquid injection device (25) that cooperates with the spray device (21); The liquid injection device (25) comprises a water tank (251), a liquid injection pipe (252), and a liquid injection pump (253). The two ends of the liquid injection pipe (252) are respectively connected to the water tank (25) and the liquid inlet on the connecting pipe (212). The liquid injection pump (253) is arranged on the connecting pipe (212).

3. The soil nematode screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that The liquid injection device (25) further includes a heating device, a temperature sensor, and a first controller for controlling the operating state of the heating device. The heating device and the temperature sensor are both arranged in the water tank (251), and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller. The operating state of the liquid injection pump (253) is also controlled by the first controller.

4. The soil nematode screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving assembly (42) includes a base plate (421), a driving motor (422), and a second controller for controlling the operating state of the driving motor (422). The base plate (421) is slidably mounted on the bottom layer of the frame (1). A rack (423) is fixed to one side of the top of the base plate (421). The driving motor (422) is also fixed to the bottom layer of the frame (1), and a driving shaft of the driving motor (422) is provided with a gear (424) meshing with the rack (423). The sample receiving assembly (41) includes a placement plate (411), a sample receiving cup (412) and a liquid separation head (413). The placement plate (411) is provided with a plurality of placement slots, each of which is provided with a sample receiving cup (412). The liquid separation head (413) is assembled at the liquid discharge port (35) and has a plurality of drainage tubes (414). The liquid discharge ends of the plurality of drainage tubes (414) correspond one-to-one to the sample receiving ends of the plurality of sample receiving cups (412). A first control valve is provided on each of the drainage tubes (414), and the working state of the first control valve is controlled by a second controller.

5. The soil nematode screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter screen is detachably provided in the sample receiving cup (412) at a position close to the sample receiving end.

6. The soil nematode screening device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The screen (32) is mounted on the screening drum (31) via an assembly structure (6). The assembly structure (6) includes a plurality of support platforms (61) disposed on the inner wall of the screening drum (31) and a sealing ring (62) sleeved around the circumference of the screen (32). After the screen (32) is mounted on the plurality of support platforms (61), the sealing ring (62) is in close contact with the inner wall of the screening drum (31). The inner wall of the screening drum (31) has a fixing hole for installing a support platform (61), and the support platform (61) is detachably inserted into the fixing hole.

7. The soil nematode screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A separation auxiliary device (7) is provided on the inner wall of the screening drum (31) and above each group of the screen meshes (32). The separation auxiliary device includes a plurality of light lamps (71), a light sensor (72) and a fourth controller for controlling the operating state of the light lamps (71). The light sensor (72) is connected to the fourth controller. A plurality of assembly holes for installing the light lamps (71) and the light sensor (72) are evenly opened on the inner wall of the screening drum (31).

8. A control system based on the soil nematode screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first controller, a second controller, a third controller and a fourth controller are integrated.

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