Building outer wall leakage plugging material, preparation method thereof and plugging process

Abstract

The application discloses a building outer wall leakage plugging material and a preparation method and a plugging process thereof. The building outer wall leakage plugging material comprises A component and B component. The A component comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of epoxy resin, 3-6 parts of surface-organic layered composite metal hydroxide and 30-40 parts of diluent. The B component comprises a curing agent, and the curing agent is 40-80 parts. The building outer wall leakage plugging material is environment-friendly, has good adhesion to wall materials, can be cured in a closed humid environment, and has good bonding performance, fire resistance and high and low temperature resistance. The application injects the above building outer wall leakage plugging material into a water seepage channel between a base wall and a thermal insulation layer of a building outer wall from an indoor side, has high efficiency and high safety, and can form a water-proof film on the outer surface of the base wall and the inner surface of the thermal insulation layer, so that water seepage of the wall is effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building waterproofing technology, and in particular to a building exterior wall leakage sealing material, its preparation method, and sealing process. Background Technology

[0002] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0003] Leaks in building exterior walls not only reduce comfort and damage property, but also reduce structural durability and affect the normal use of the building.

[0004] The exterior wall structure of a building, from the inside out, mainly includes the base wall, waterproof layer, insulation layer, and decorative layer. The main causes of exterior wall leakage include cracks and damage to the decorative layer; weak adhesion between the decorative layer and the base layer; and detachment, tearing, or hollowing of the insulation and waterproof layers.

[0005] In addressing exterior wall leaks, repairs performed outside the exterior decorative layer consume significant manpower and resources, are inherently risky and unreliable, and often result in difficulty in locating the leak. Therefore, research into targeted sealing materials and techniques is essential to reduce damage, improve safety, and provide a long-term, effective solution to exterior wall leaks.

[0006] Building exterior wall leakage sealing materials must be adaptable to the natural environment and structural deformation characteristics of the exterior wall, have compatibility and adhesion to wall materials, possess a certain degree of elasticity to adapt to deformation and have stable performance, adapt to temperature changes and not be prone to aging, have flame retardant properties, and be able to cure in a closed and humid environment, and be environmentally friendly.

[0007] Currently, the most commonly used sealing materials on the market include acrylates, polyurethanes, and epoxy resins. Acrylates have high fluidity and high free water content, making them difficult to adhere to leaks and posing a high risk of re-leakage. Water-soluble polyurethanes have large volume shrinkage, low cured strength, and are flammable, easily causing secondary disasters. Oil-soluble polyurethanes have low cured strength and almost no resistance to deformation. In comparison, epoxy resins have good adhesion, low shrinkage, and excellent mechanical properties, making them more suitable for sealing leaks in building exterior walls. However, they also suffer from high stress, lack of toughness, and a tendency to crack. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a building exterior wall leakage sealing material, its preparation method and sealing process, which is environmentally friendly and has excellent adhesion, flame retardant properties and high and low temperature resistance, and can effectively prevent water seepage in building exterior walls.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a building exterior wall leakage sealing material, the building exterior wall leakage sealing material comprising component A and component B, wherein, by weight, component A comprises 100 parts of epoxy resin, 3-6 parts of surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide, and 30-40 parts of diluent; and component B comprises 40-80 parts of curing agent.

[0010] The surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide is a silane coupling agent-modified layered composite metal hydroxide, and the composite metal is zinc and aluminum or magnesium and aluminum.

[0011] Preferably, the epoxy resin is selected from one or both of bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51. Epoxy resin has good adhesion to buildings, low shrinkage, and excellent mechanical properties, therefore it is suitable for treating leakage in building exterior walls.

[0012] Preferably, the diluent is selected from one or two of polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether and 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether. The diluent contains epoxy groups at both ends, which can participate in the epoxy resin curing reaction and connect with the resin; simultaneously, the long chains in its structure are elastic and can rotate, thus improving the brittleness problem of epoxy resin.

[0013] Preferably, the curing agent is selected from one or two of cashew nut phenol-modified phenolic amine and low molecular weight polyamide; more preferably, it is cashew nut phenol-modified phenolic amine, whose structure contains benzene rings that give it good heat resistance and aliphatic chains that give it good flexibility and hydrophobicity. When cashew nut phenol-modified phenolic amine is mixed with component A for curing, it is beneficial to achieve the curing of building exterior wall leakage sealing material in a humid environment, and also increases the toughness of epoxy resin to a certain extent.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide includes the following steps: preparing a mixed salt solution of zinc nitrate or magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate, and a mixed alkaline solution of Na2CO3 and NaOH respectively; mixing the mixed salt solution and the mixed alkaline solution to obtain a mixed solution; heating and vigorously stirring; after precipitation occurs, adding a silane coupling agent to the mixed solution and continuing to heat and stir; after the grafting reaction is completed, cooling to room temperature and centrifuging to obtain the centrifuged precipitate; dispersing the centrifuged precipitate in water and transferring it to a hydrothermal reactor for crystallization; filtering after crystallization; washing and drying the filtered solid to obtain the surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide.

[0015] Furthermore, in the mixed salt solution n(Zn) 2+ ) / n(Al 3+ ) = 2~4 or n(Mg) 2+ ) / n(Al 3+The ratio of n(OH-) / n(Zn) in the mixture is 2-4. 2+ +Al 3+ ) = 2 or n(OH) - ) / n(Mg 2+ +Al 3+ ) = 2, n(CO3) 2- ) / n(Al 3+ =2.

[0016] Preferably, the silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Preferably, the amount of the silane coupling agent is 8-12 wt% of the total mass of the mixed salt.

[0017] Preferably, in the heating and vigorous stirring step, the heating temperature is 60-70℃ and the stirring speed is 800-1000 rpm; preferably, after adding the silane coupling agent to the mixture, heating and stirring are continued for 20-60 min; preferably, the crystallization temperature is 110-130℃ and the crystallization time is 20-30 h.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned building exterior wall leakage sealing material, comprising the following steps: stirring the epoxy resin, surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide and diluent at a speed of 600-800 rpm for 10-30 min in proportion to obtain component A; using a curing agent as component B; and uniformly mixing component A and component B to obtain the final product.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides a process for sealing leaks in building exterior walls, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step S1: Indoor inspection reveals the structural dimensions of the building's exterior walls and the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer, confirming the areas requiring treatment;

[0021] Step S2: Determine the grouting point, drill a hole from the interior to the inner side of the insulation layer, clean the hole, insert the grouting nozzle at one end of the grouting pipe into the hole and tighten it;

[0022] Step S3: Inject grout into the other end of the grouting pipe. The grouting material is the building exterior wall leakage sealing material prepared by the preparation method provided in the second aspect. Stop after the water seepage channel between the building exterior wall base and the insulation layer is filled.

[0023] Step S4: After the grout has cured, seal the grouting holes and restore the wall surface.

[0024] Preferably, in step S1, a radar instrument is used to detect the structural dimensions of the building's exterior wall, and a microwave instrument is used to detect the moisture content of the exterior wall, thereby determining the seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer.

[0025] Preferably, in step S3, the grouting is performed using low-pressure grouting or pressureless grouting; further, when low-pressure grouting is used, the grouting pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.

[0026] The building exterior wall leakage sealing material can form a waterproof film on the outer surface of the base wall and the inner surface of the insulation layer, thereby effectively preventing water seepage into the wall.

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The building exterior wall leakage sealing material of the present invention modifies epoxy resin through surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide. The layered composite metal hydroxide, as a nanomaterial, can prevent crack propagation and enhance the toughness of epoxy resin through its own plastic deformation. It possesses a unique exchangeable anionic interlayer structure and a large specific surface area, which can effectively scavenge free radicals and improve the anti-aging performance of epoxy resin. Simultaneously, it absorbs a large amount of heat upon thermal decomposition, greatly reducing the thermal decomposition and combustion rate of the material, thus achieving flame retardant and smoke suppression effects. A silane coupling agent is grafted onto the surface of the layered composite metal hydroxide, and other active groups are bonded to the resin polymer, effectively improving the compatibility between the layered composite metal hydroxide and epoxy resin, preventing the layered composite metal hydroxide from agglomerating in the epoxy resin, and achieving good dispersion of the layered composite metal hydroxide in the epoxy resin. The silane coupling agent can also react with the epoxy resin to form strong chemical bonds, improving the adhesion between the epoxy resin and the substrate. Experiments show that, compared with materials without surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide, the slurry of building exterior wall leakage sealing materials with surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide exhibits significantly improved bonding strength and tensile strength after solidification, increased limiting oxygen index, and good tensile strength after high and low temperature cycling, demonstrating excellent durability.

[0029] (2) The building exterior wall leakage sealing material of the present invention is environmentally friendly, can adapt to the natural environment and structural deformation characteristics of the exterior wall, has good adhesion to wall materials, can be cured in a closed and humid environment, has a certain toughness to adapt to deformation, has good high and low temperature resistance, is not easy to age, and has good flame retardant properties.

[0030] (3) This invention uses microwave and electromagnetic methods for non-destructive testing to efficiently determine the location of leaks. It injects the leak-sealing material into the building's exterior walls using low-pressure or no-pressure methods, sealing the leakage path while preventing the exterior wall insulation layer from bulging and detaching. The leak-sealing material forms a waterproof film on the outer surface of the base wall and the inner surface of the insulation layer, effectively preventing water seepage and achieving the purpose of leak control. This sealing method allows for the treatment of exterior wall leaks indoors without damaging the exterior wall decoration layer, offering high efficiency and safety. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0032] This invention does not impose any special restrictions on the source of raw materials; commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: Preparation of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide

[0035] Weigh 15.07 g of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and 4.69 g of Al(NO3)3·9H2O, and dissolve them in 100 mL of deionized water; weigh 2.65 g of Na2CO3 and 5.00 g of NaOH, and dissolve them in 50 mL of deionized water. The mixed salt and mixed alkali solutions were directly mixed and stirred vigorously at 65 °C at 900 rpm. After precipitation, 2 mL of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, and the precipitate was dispersed in 100 mL of deionized water. The precipitate was transferred to a hydrothermal reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, a layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide with an organic surface was obtained.

[0036] Example 2: Preparation of surface-organized layered magnesium-aluminum composite metal hydroxide

[0037] Weigh 12.82 g of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and 4.69 g of Al(NO3)3·9H2O, and dissolve them in 100 mL of deionized water; weigh 2.65 g of Na2CO3 and 5.00 g of NaOH, and dissolve them in 50 mL of deionized water. The mixed salt and mixed alkali solutions were directly mixed and stirred vigorously at 65 °C at 900 rpm. After precipitation, 2 mL of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, centrifuged, and the precipitate was dispersed in 100 mL of deionized water. The precipitate was transferred to a hydrothermal reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 24 h. After filtration, washing, and drying, a layered magnesium-aluminum composite metal hydroxide with an organic surface was obtained.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] By weight, 100 parts of epoxy resin E44, 3 parts of the surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1, and 40 parts of polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether were stirred at 700 rpm for 15 min to obtain component A; 40 parts of cashew phenol modified phenolic amine were used as component B.

[0040] Components A and B are mixed evenly to form a building exterior wall leakage sealing material.

[0041] The structural dimensions of the building's exterior wall and the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer are detected by instruments to identify the areas requiring treatment. The grouting points are determined, and holes are drilled from the interior to the inner side of the insulation layer. The holes are cleaned, and the grouting nozzles are inserted and tightened. The aforementioned building exterior wall leakage sealing material is injected under low pressure at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The process is stopped once the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer are filled. After the grout has solidified, the grouting holes are sealed, and the wall surface is restored.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] The difference from Example 3 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 4 parts.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] The difference from Example 3 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 5 parts.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] The difference from Example 3 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 6 parts.

[0048] Example 7

[0049] By weight, 100 parts of epoxy resin E51, 3 parts of the surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1, and 30 parts of polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether were stirred at 700 rpm for 15 min to obtain component A; 50 parts of cashew phenol modified phenolic amine were used as component B.

[0050] Components A and B are mixed evenly to form a building exterior wall leakage sealing material.

[0051] The structural dimensions of the building's exterior wall and the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer are detected by instruments to identify the areas requiring treatment. The grouting points are determined, and holes are drilled from the interior to the inner side of the insulation layer. The holes are cleaned, and the grouting nozzles are inserted and tightened. The aforementioned building exterior wall leakage sealing material is injected under low pressure at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. The injection is stopped once the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer are filled. After the grout has solidified, the grouting holes are sealed, and the wall surface is restored.

[0052] Example 8

[0053] The difference from Example 7 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 4 parts.

[0054] Example 9

[0055] The difference from Example 7 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 5 parts.

[0056] Example 10

[0057] The difference from Example 7 is that in component A of this example, the amount of surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is 6 parts.

[0058] Example 11

[0059] The difference from Example 3 is that in component A of this example, the surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is replaced with the surface-organized layered magnesium-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 2.

[0060] Example 12

[0061] The difference from Example 3 is that in component A of this example, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether is replaced with 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether.

[0062] Example 13

[0063] The difference from Example 3 is that the curing agent of component B in this example is 60 parts of low molecular weight polyamide 650.

[0064] Example 14

[0065] The difference from Example 3 is that this example uses pressureless grouting.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The difference from Example 3 is that the surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is not added to component A in this example.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] The difference from Example 7 is that the surface-organized layered zinc-aluminum composite metal hydroxide prepared in Example 1 is not added to component A in this example.

[0070] Test case

[0071] Performance tests were conducted on the building exterior wall leakage sealing materials of Examples 3-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The bonding strength test was conducted according to JC / T 1041-2007, the tensile strength test was conducted according to GB / T 2567-2008, and the oxygen index test was conducted according to GB / T 2406-1993. The 50 high and low temperature cycles were set to -20℃ to 100℃, with a cycle time of 4 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1. Material property test results of the examples and comparative examples.

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] As can be seen from Table 1, the bonding strength and tensile strength of the material with added surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide are significantly improved, the limiting oxygen index is increased, and the tensile strength is maintained after high and low temperature cycling, showing good high and low temperature resistance. When the content of surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide reaches 6 parts, the addition amount is saturated, and the performance improvement is not significant.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building exterior wall leakage sealing material, characterized in that, The building exterior wall leakage sealing material includes component A and component B. By weight, component A includes 100 parts epoxy resin, 3-6 parts surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide, and 30-40 parts diluent; component B includes 40-80 parts curing agent. The surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide is a silane coupling agent-modified layered composite metal hydroxide, and the composite metal is zinc and aluminum or magnesium and aluminum.

2. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The epoxy resin is selected from one or both of bisphenol A type epoxy resin E44 and bisphenol A type epoxy resin E51; The diluent is selected from one or two of polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether and 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether. The curing agent is selected from one or two of cashew phenol-modified phenolic amine and low molecular weight polyamide.

3. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The curing agent is cashew phenol modified phenolic amine.

4. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide includes the following steps: preparing a mixed salt solution of zinc nitrate or magnesium nitrate and aluminum nitrate, and a mixed alkaline solution of Na2CO3 and NaOH respectively; mixing the mixed salt solution and the mixed alkaline solution, heating and stirring vigorously; after precipitation occurs, adding a silane coupling agent to the mixture and continuing to heat and stir; after the grafting reaction is completed, cooling to room temperature and centrifuging to obtain the centrifuged precipitate; dispersing the centrifuged precipitate in water and transferring it to a hydrothermal reactor for pressure crystallization; filtering after crystallization; washing and drying the filtered solid to obtain the surface-organized layered composite metal hydroxide.

5. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mixed salt solution contains n(Zn) 2 + ) / n(Al 3+ ) = 2~4 or n(Mg) 2+ ) / n(Al 3+ The concentration of n(OH) in the mixture is 2~4. - ) / n(Zn 2+ +Al 3+ )=2 or n(OH) - ) / n(Mg 2+ +Al 3+ )=2, n(CO3) 2- ) / n(Al 3+ =2.

6. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The silane coupling agent is selected from one or more of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the amount of the silane coupling agent is 8-12 wt% of the total mass of the mixed salt.

7. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In the heating and vigorous stirring step, the heating temperature is 60-70℃ and the stirring speed is 800-1000 rpm; After adding the silane coupling agent to the mixture, continue heating and stirring for 20-60 minutes.

8. The building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The crystallization temperature is 110-130℃, and the crystallization time is 20-30h.

9. A method for preparing a building exterior wall leakage sealing material as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: stirring the epoxy resin, surface organic layered composite metal hydroxide, and diluent at a speed of 600-800 rpm for 10-30 min in a certain proportion to obtain component A; using the curing agent as component B; and uniformly mixing component A and component B to obtain the final product.

10. A process for sealing leaks in building exterior walls, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Use instruments indoors to detect the structural dimensions of the building's exterior walls and the water seepage channels between the base wall and the insulation layer to identify the areas requiring treatment; Step S2: Determine the grouting point, drill a hole from the interior to the inner side of the insulation layer, clean the hole, insert the grouting nozzle at one end of the grouting pipe into the hole and tighten it; Step S3: Grout the other end of the grouting pipe. The grouting material is the building exterior wall leakage sealing material prepared by the preparation method described in claim 9. Stop grouting after the water seepage channel between the building exterior wall base and the insulation layer is filled. Step S4: After the grout has cured, seal the grouting holes and restore the wall surface.

11. The building exterior wall leakage sealing process as described in claim 10, characterized in that, In step S1, a radar instrument is used to detect the structural dimensions of the building's exterior wall, and a microwave instrument is used to detect the moisture content of the exterior wall, thereby determining the water seepage channels between the building's exterior wall base and the insulation layer. In step S3, grouting is performed using low-pressure grouting or pressureless grouting; further, when low-pressure grouting is used, the grouting pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa.

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