Preparation process of water-based superfine fiber cow leather

Abstract

The application discloses a water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process, which comprises the following steps: ingredient mixing, carding, web laying, water jetting, pressure drying, drying, immersion, superfine fiber hot hydrolysis, shaping and PU film transferring; the water-based superfine fiber cow leather is provided with a PU film surface layer, a transition fiber layer, a superfine fiber layer and a cow leather fiber layer; the mixed fiber of the superfine fiber and the conventional chemical fiber is used as the transition fiber layer, the mixed fiber of the superfine fiber and the cow leather fiber is used as the superfine fiber layer, and the cow leather fiber is used as the cow leather fiber layer; after the ingredient mixing, the web laying process, the water jetting process, the pressure drying process, the drying process and the immersion process, the cow leather fiber base cloth is formed, then the cow leather fiber base cloth is put into hot water at 95-100 DEG C, the fusible part in the superfine fiber in the cow leather fiber base cloth is melted away, and after the shaping of the shaping process and the PU film pasting of the PU film transferring process, the water-based superfine fiber cow leather is prepared. The application improves the softness and hand feeling of the simulation type artificial cow leather.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of leather preparation, in particular to a water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Leather is an indispensable category of production and living goods in human life, and is widely used in clothing, footwear, home furnishing, automobiles, public services and many other fields. One of the most widely used types of leather in industrial production is artificial simulation cow leather. Artificial simulation cow leather is a kind of leather that uses cowhide fibers as the main raw material, and is mixed with a certain proportion of chemical fibers. After fiber laying and water jet treatment of the laid fibers, a cowhide fiber base cloth is obtained. After one side of the cowhide fiber base cloth is treated by single-side immersion of water-based PU material, a PU film is attached to it, which becomes a simulated cow leather.

[0003] There are two types of cowhide fiber raw materials used in the cowhide fiber base cloth produced by the present company. One is to use the edge and corner materials of real cowhide, and directly use mechanical cutting forming method to obtain cowhide fibers. The other is to use post-consumer recycled leather products, which are treated by a special purification process to obtain usable cowhide fibers. The production process of the above-mentioned recycled leather cowhide fiber base cloth has the advantages of green low-carbon environmental protection, good air permeability, strong leather feel, and has been fully recognized by the domestic and foreign markets. It has been widely used in clothing, footwear, sofa and other occasions. At present, the authorized invention patents related to the cowhide fiber base cloth produced by the present company include a preparation process of full-stitching transparent cowhide fiber base cloth (patent number ZL201910270503.3), a post-treatment process of water-based cowhide fiber base cloth (patent number ZL201910270574.3), a preparation process of water jet winding type circulating cow leather (patent number ZL201910270199.2), etc.

[0004] The artificial simulation cow leather produced according to the above-mentioned production process technology of cowhide fiber base cloth has good flexibility and hand feeling, and can achieve a softness of about 35 degrees. However, for some super-soft artificial simulation cow leather with a softness of more than 50 degrees, the existing production process still has great technical difficulties.

[0005] Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to develop a kind of artificial simulation cow leather with super-softness. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present application proposes a water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process, which aims to improve the softness and hand feeling of artificial simulation cow leather. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0007] The preparation process of the water-based superfine fiber cow leather comprises a dosing process, a carding process, a web laying process, a water jet process, a press drying process, a drying process, an impregnation process, a superfine fiber hot hydrolysis process, a setting process and a PU film transfer process arranged in sequence according to the flow of the preparation of the water-based superfine fiber cow leather; wherein the water-based superfine fiber cow leather is provided with a PU film surface layer and a transition fiber layer, a superfine fiber layer and a cow leather fiber layer arranged in sequence below the PU film surface layer; the dosing process comprises using mixed fibers of superfine fibers and conventional chemical fibers as the transition fiber layer, using mixed fibers of superfine fibers and cow leather fibers as the superfine fiber layer, and using cow leather fibers as the cow leather fiber layer; after dosing, the cow leather fiber base cloth is formed by sequentially passing through the web laying process, the water jet process, the press drying process, the drying process and the impregnation process, then in the superfine fiber hot hydrolysis process, the cow leather fiber base cloth is placed in hot water at 95-100 DEG C, the fusible part of the superfine fiber in the cow leather fiber base cloth is melted away, and after setting in the setting process and PU film transfer in the PU film transfer process, the water-based superfine fiber cow leather is prepared.

[0008] Preferably, the fusible part of the superfine fiber is low-melting-point PE with a melting point not greater than 85 DEG C.

[0009] Preferably, the superfine fiber is island-in-sea type superfine fiber using non-water hot-melting chemical fiber as island fiber and water hot-melting fiber as sea fiber; wherein the sea fiber is the fusible part of the superfine fiber.

[0010] Preferably, the island fiber is nylon fiber and the sea fiber is low-melting-point PE fiber with a melting point not greater than 85 DEG C.

[0011] Preferably, the chemical fiber is nylon fiber.

[0012] In the present application, in the impregnation process, an inverted feeding device is used to perform single-side coating and penetration treatment of water-based PU material on one side of the transition fiber layer, so as to form a single-side penetration impregnation layer of the water-based superfine fiber cow leather base cloth.

[0013] Preferably, a trimming and winding process is further arranged between the drying process and the impregnation process.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, in the superfine fiber hot hydrolysis process, the superfine fiber in the cow leather fiber base cloth is subjected to hot hydrolysis by a through-type hot hydrolysis production line; the through-type hot hydrolysis production line comprises a cloth feeding machine, a hot hydrolysis pool, an extrusion cleaning machine, a rubbing and drying machine and a cloth collecting machine arranged in sequence according to the flow of the hot hydrolysis.

[0015] Preferably, in the setting process, a setting device is used, the base cloth is wound after needle setting, tentering and cooling, and a flat base cloth is formed.

[0016] In the PU film transferring process, the PU film is made by a dry PU film forming machine and is transferred and pasted onto the leather fiber base cloth through a release paper.

[0017] In the PU film transferring process, the PU film is made by a dry PU film forming machine and is transferred and pasted onto the leather fiber base cloth through a release paper.

[0018] Preferably, the post-treatment process further includes a trimming and packaging machine arranged after the vacuum texturing process.

[0019] The present application has the following advantages:

[0020] First, the water-based superfine fiber leather preparation process of the present application, by setting superfine fibers in the batching process, forms a multi-layer mixed fiber structure with leather fibers and other chemical fibers through web laying, and performs superfine fiber hydrolysis after the leather fiber base cloth is made, so that the superfine fibers in the leather fiber base cloth are decomposed into fiber bundles with lighter weight and thinner diameter, thereby greatly improving the softness of the leather fiber base cloth, and further greatly improving the softness and hand feeling of the water-based superfine fiber leather base cloth after PU film pasting.

[0021] Second, the water-based superfine fiber leather preparation process of the present application, the water-based superfine fiber leather has a four-layer structure, i.e. a transition fiber layer, a superfine fiber layer and a leather fiber layer are arranged in turn under the PU film layer, which reduces expensive fibers and costs while ensuring the super strong leather feeling of the water-based superfine fiber leather.

[0022] Third, the water-based superfine fiber leather preparation process of the present application, the superfine fiber hydrolysis technology adopted will not damage the leather fiber compared with other chemical fiber decomposition methods, and reduces pollution, which is environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the water-based superfine fiber leather preparation process of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structure of the hydrolysis pool in the hydrolysis production line in

[0025] In the figure: 1, hot hydrolysis fiber pool, 2, guide roller, 3, hot hydrolysis fiber accelerator, 4, hanging type ultrasonic energy collecting exciter, 5, elastic beater, 6, hanging wheel, 7, upper open excitation box, 8, ultrasonic vibrator, 9, lateral blocking strip, 10, beating rotary shaft, 11, elastic beating arm, 12, beating disturbance skin roller, 13, leather fiber base cloth.

[0026] In the figure: A is the direction of hot water flow, B is the moving direction of the base cloth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] As Figures 1 to 2 shown is an embodiment of a water-based superfine fiber leather preparation process of the present application, which comprises, in sequence according to the process of water-based superfine fiber leather preparation, a batching process, a carding process, a laying process, a water jetting process, a pressing drying process, a drying process, an impregnation process, a superfine fiber hot hydrolysis process, a setting process and a PU film transfer process; wherein the water-based superfine fiber leather is provided with a PU film surface layer and, in sequence below the PU film surface layer, a transition fiber layer, a superfine fiber layer and a leather fiber layer; the batching process comprises using a mixed fiber of superfine fiber and conventional chemical fiber as the transition fiber layer, using a mixed fiber of superfine fiber and leather fiber as the superfine fiber layer, and using leather fiber as the leather fiber layer; after batching, the leather fiber base cloth is formed by sequentially passing through the laying process, the water jetting process, the pressing drying process, the drying process and the impregnation process, then in the superfine fiber hot hydrolysis process, the leather fiber base cloth is put into hot water at 95-100℃, the fusible part in the superfine fiber in the leather fiber base cloth is melted away, and after setting in the setting process and PU film transfer in the PU film transfer process, the water-based superfine fiber leather is prepared.

[0030] Preferably, the fusible part in the superfine fiber is low melting point PE with a melting point not greater than 85℃.

[0031] Preferably, the superfine fiber is island-in-sea type superfine fiber using non-water hot melting chemical fiber as island fiber and water hot melting fiber as sea fiber; wherein the sea fiber is the fusible part in the superfine fiber.

[0032] Preferably, the island fiber is nylon fiber and the sea fiber is low melting point PE fiber with a melting point not greater than 85℃.

[0033] Preferably, the chemical fiber is nylon fiber.

[0034] In the present embodiment, in the impregnation process, an inverted feeding device is used to coat the water-based PU material as paint on one side of the transition fiber layer to perform single-side coating and penetration treatment of the water-based PU material, thereby forming a single-side penetration impregnation layer of the water-based superfine fiber cowhide leather base cloth.

[0035] Preferably, a trimming and winding process is further arranged between the drying process and the impregnation process.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present embodiment, in the superfine fiber thermal hydrolysis process, the superfine fibers in the cowhide fiber base cloth are subjected to thermal hydrolysis by a through-type thermal hydrolysis production line; the through-type thermal hydrolysis production line includes a cloth feeding machine, a thermal hydrolysis pool, an extrusion cleaning machine, a rubbing and drying machine, and a cloth collecting machine arranged in sequence according to the flow of thermal hydrolysis.

[0037] In the present embodiment, a plurality of guide rollers 2 for supporting the cowhide fiber base cloth are arranged in the thermal hydrolysis pool 1.

[0038] Preferably, a thermal hydrolysis accelerator 3 is arranged in the thermal hydrolysis pool 1, the thermal hydrolysis accelerator 3 includes a hanging type ultrasonic energy collecting vibrator 4 arranged at a front half section position inside the thermal hydrolysis pool 1, and an elastic beater 5 arranged at a rear half section position inside the thermal hydrolysis pool 1 for beating the base cloth in the pool.

[0039] The hanging type ultrasonic energy collecting vibrator 4 includes a hanging wheel 6 hung above the cowhide fiber base cloth 13, an upper open type excitation box 7 hung on the hanging wheel 6 through a hanger and located below the cowhide fiber base cloth 13, and an ultrasonic vibrator 8 arranged inside the upper open type excitation box 7; the hanging wheel 6 is a free rotating hanging wheel, and the hanging wheel 6 is longitudinally limited by a fixed lateral stop bar 9.

[0040] Preferably, the upper opening of the upper open type excitation box 7 is close to the lower surface of the cowhide fiber base cloth 13.

[0041] Preferably, the number of the hanging type ultrasonic energy collecting vibrators 4 is arranged in several groups and is arranged at intervals.

[0042] The elastic beater 5 includes a beating rotation shaft 10 arranged above and below the cowhide fiber base cloth 13 respectively, an elastic beating arm 11 arranged on the beating rotation shaft 10, and a beating disturbance leather roller 12 connected to the cantilever end of the elastic beating arm 11. During operation, the beating disturbance leather rollers 12 on the beating rotation shafts 10 above and below the cowhide fiber base cloth 13 beat the upper and lower surfaces of the cowhide fiber base cloth 13 intermittently, and the rotation directions of the two beating rotation shafts 10 are opposite.

[0043] The elastic beaters 5 are arranged in several groups and are spaced apart.

[0044] Preferably, the number of beat disturbance padder rollers 12 on each beat rotation shaft 10 is multiple and is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0045] In the embodiment, the hot water in the hot hydrolysis fiber tank 1 is hot water flowing in the opposite direction to the moving direction of the cowhide fiber base cloth.

[0046] The ultrasonic energy can be more concentrated on the cowhide fiber base cloth 13 by arranging the hanging type ultrasonic energy collecting exciter 4, so as to accelerate the defibration of the superfine fibers in the cowhide fiber base cloth 13; the elastic beaters 5 can accelerate the separation of the superfine fibers in the cowhide fiber base cloth 13 by cooperating with the reverse flowing hot water; and thus the efficiency of the hot hydrolysis of the superfine fibers can be greatly improved.

[0047] In the embodiment, in the PU film transfer process, a dry PU film forming machine is used to make a PU film, and the PU film is transferred and pasted onto the cowhide fiber base cloth through a release paper.

[0048] Preferably, in the shaping process, a shaping device is used, the base cloth is wound after needle, stretching and cooling, and a flat base cloth is formed.

[0049] In the embodiment, a post-treatment process is further arranged after the PU film transfer process, and the post-treatment process includes a spraying process for surface modification and hand feeling improvement of the PU film, a three-color printing process and a vacuum suction texturing process.

[0050] Preferably, the post-treatment process further includes a trimming and packaging machine arranged after the vacuum suction texturing process.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] The water-based superfine fiber cowhide leather is prepared by using the water-based superfine fiber cowhide leather preparation process of embodiment 1, wherein the mass content of the superfine fibers in the transition fiber layer is 20%, the mass content of the nylon fibers is 80%; the mass content of the superfine fibers in the superfine fiber layer is 20%, the mass content of the cowhide fibers is 80%; the mass content of the cowhide fibers in the cowhide fiber layer is 100%; and the softness of the prepared water-based superfine fiber cowhide leather is 50 degrees.

[0053] Embodiment 3:

[0054] The water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process of example 1 is adopted, wherein in the batching process, the mass content of superfine fibers in the transition fiber layer is 50%, the mass content of nylon fibers is 50%; the mass content of superfine fibers in the superfine fiber layer is 55%, the mass content of cow leather fibers is 45%; the mass content of cow leather fibers in the cow leather fiber layer is 100%; and the softness of the prepared water-based superfine fiber cow leather is 65 degrees.

[0055] Example 4:

[0056] The water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process of example 1 is adopted, wherein in the batching process, the mass content of superfine fibers in the transition fiber layer is 80%, the mass content of nylon fibers is 20%; the mass content of superfine fibers in the superfine fiber layer is 90%, the mass content of cow leather fibers is 10%; the mass content of cow leather fibers in the cow leather fiber layer is 100%; and the softness of the prepared water-based superfine fiber cow leather is 85 degrees.

[0057] Example 5:

[0058] The water-based superfine fiber cow leather preparation process of example 1 is adopted, wherein in the batching process, the mass content of superfine fibers in the transition fiber layer is 80%, the mass content of nylon fibers is 20%; the mass content of superfine fibers in the superfine fiber layer is 90%, the mass content of cow leather fibers is 10%; the mass content of cow leather fibers in the cow leather fiber layer is 100%; and the softness of the prepared water-based superfine fiber cow leather is 85 degrees.

[0059] Comparing examples 2, 3, and 4 with example 5, it can be seen that the softness of the water-based superfine fiber cow leather has been greatly improved compared with the softness of the water jet wrapping type circulating cow leather.

[0060] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather, characterized in that, The process includes, in sequence, the following steps in the preparation of water-based microfiber cowhide: ingredient preparation, carding and web formation, web laying, hydroentangling, pressing, drying, impregnation, hot water desiccation of microfiber, setting, and PU film transfer. The water-based microfiber cowhide comprises a PU film layer and, sequentially below the PU film layer, a transition fiber layer, a microfiber layer, and a cowhide fiber layer. The ingredient preparation step includes using a mixture of microfiber and chemical fiber as the transition fiber layer, a mixture of microfiber and cowhide fiber as the microfiber layer, and cowhide fiber as the cowhide fiber layer. After ingredient preparation, the cowhide fiber base fabric is formed by sequentially passing through the carding and web formation, web laying, hydroentangling, pressing, drying, and impregnation steps. Then, in the hot water desiccation of microfiber, the cowhide fiber base fabric is immersed in hot water at 95-100°C. The process involves melting the fusible portion of the microfibers within the cowhide fiber base fabric, followed by a shaping process and a PU film transfer process to produce water-based microfiber cowhide leather. In the impregnation process, only one side of the transition fiber layer in the four-layer laminated structure is coated with water-based PU material. In the microfiber hot water debonding process, a through-flow hot water debonding production line is used to debond the microfibers in the cowhide fiber base fabric. This through-flow hot water debonding production line includes a fabric feeding machine, a hot water debonding tank, a squeezing and washing machine, a textured dryer, and a fabric taking machine, arranged sequentially according to the hot water debonding process. The hot water debonding tank is equipped with a hot water debonding accelerator, which includes a suspended ultrasonic energy collector located in the front half of the tank and an elastic beater located in the rear half of the tank for beating the base fabric.

2. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fusible portion of the microfiber is low-melting-point PE with a melting point of no more than 85°C.

3. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microfiber is an island-type microfiber that uses non-hydrothermal fusible fibers as island fibers and hydrothermal fusible fibers as sea fibers; wherein, the sea fibers are the fusible part of the microfiber.

4. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 3, characterized in that, The island fiber is nylon fiber, and the sea fiber is low-melting-point PE fiber with a melting point of no more than 85°C.

5. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical fiber is nylon fiber.

6. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the impregnation process, an inverted feeding device is used, and water-based PU material is used as the coating material. The water-based PU material is applied to one side of the transition fiber layer for single-sided coating and penetration treatment, thereby forming a single-sided impregnation layer of water-based microfiber cow leather base fabric.

7. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, An edge trimming and winding process is also provided between the drying process and the impregnation process.

8. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the PU film transfer process, a dry PU film forming machine is used to produce the PU film, and the PU film is transferred and pasted onto the cowhide fiber base fabric using release paper.

9. The process for preparing water-based microfiber cow leather according to claim 1, characterized in that, Following the PU film transfer process, a post-processing process is provided, which includes a spraying process for surface finishing of the PU film and improving its feel, a three-color printing process, and a vacuum texturing process.

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