Variable load electromagnetic rail gun launching test device

Abstract

The application provides a variable load electromagnetic railgun launching test device, wherein the test device comprises a rail mechanism for providing a launching rail for an armature; a feeding mechanism for controlling the launching of the armature on the rail; an energy storage mechanism for storing the energy of the launching of the armature on the rail; and a loading mechanism for adjusting the rail spacing in the rail mechanism to realize the variable load launching of the armature in the rail mechanism. The application can realize the secondary reduction of the rail spacing, and can realize the secondary pre-tightening of the rail-armature after the rail wears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic launch equipment testing technology, and specifically relates to a variable load electromagnetic railgun launch test device. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic launch is a launch technology based on electromagnetic energy, with electromagnetic railguns being a typical application. Compared to chemical energy artillery, electromagnetic railguns have many significant advantages, including superior speed, controllability, long range, and stealth.

[0003] An electromagnetic railgun consists of two parallel rails and an armature sandwiched between them. When a pulse current is applied, the strong magnetic field between the two parallel rails and the current flowing through the armature interact, and the resulting Lorentz force propels the armature and the projectile at high speed.

[0004] However, the rail is a consumable part in electromagnetic launch tests. After multiple launches, the rail will become thinner. At this time, the electrical contact performance between the armature and the rail will decrease due to insufficient contact force, which will lead to transition failure. Ultimately, this will seriously affect the test results and reduce the life of the electromagnetic launcher, resulting in serious material waste due to frequent rail replacements. Existing electromagnetic railgun launchers have bolt-fastened and composite winding types. In both of these methods, the upper and lower rails are fixed and cannot be subjected to variable loads on the armature. That is, because the upper and lower rails are fixed, it is impossible to reduce the rail spacing a second time, i.e., to pre-tighten the rail-armature connection a second time, so that the armature-rail can no longer be in a good interference fit state.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a variable-load electromagnetic railgun firing test device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides a variable-load electromagnetic railgun firing test device, wherein the test device comprises:

[0007] The track mechanism is used to provide the armature with a launch track;

[0008] The power supply mechanism is used to control the armature's launch from the track;

[0009] Energy storage mechanism, used to store electrical energy emitted by the armature in orbit;

[0010] The loading mechanism is used to adjust the track spacing in the track mechanism to achieve variable load loading on the armature during launch in the track mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the device also includes a support mechanism, which comprises a base, a muzzle support, and a breech support, wherein...

[0012] The muzzle support seat and the breech support seat are respectively arranged at two ends of the base;

[0013] The track mechanism is arranged on the muzzle support seat and the breech support seat;

[0014] The feeding mechanism is arranged on the track mechanism;

[0015] The energy storage mechanism is arranged between the muzzle support seat and the breech support seat and below the track mechanism;

[0016] The loading mechanism is arranged on the muzzle support seat and the breech support seat.

[0017] Further, the track mechanism comprises a launcher and two mounting seats, wherein,

[0018] The launcher comprises an upper track, a lower track, an upper shell and a lower shell, wherein,

[0019] The lower surface of the upper shell is provided with an upper inner groove, the upper surface of the lower shell is provided with a lower inner groove, the upper track is arranged in the upper inner groove, the lower track is arranged in the lower inner groove, and the upper shell and the lower shell are connected;

[0020] The mounting seats are respectively connected at two ends of the lower shell, and the two mounting seats are respectively arranged on the muzzle support seat and the breech support seat.

[0021] Further, the track mechanism further comprises an upper insulating plate, a lower insulating plate, a left insulating plate and a right insulating plate, wherein,

[0022] The upper insulating plate is fixed in the upper inner groove, the lower insulating plate is fixed in the lower inner groove, and the upper track and the lower track are located between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate;

[0023] The breech end of the upper shell and the breech end of the lower shell are both provided with mounting grooves, the left insulating plate and the right insulating plate are both arranged in the space formed by the upper inner groove and the lower inner groove, and the left insulating plate is in contact with one side wall of the upper track and the lower track, and the right insulating plate is in contact with the other side wall of the upper track and the lower track.

[0024] Further, the track mechanism further comprises an optical fiber sensor and a temperature sensor, wherein,

[0025] The optical fiber sensor is connected to the upper surface of the upper shell through a connecting block and a screw, and the probe of the optical fiber sensor penetrates through the upper shell and is close to the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate;

[0026] After the temperature sensor penetrates through the upper shell and the upper insulating plate in sequence, it abuts against the upper end surface of the upper track.

[0027] Further, the energy storage mechanism comprises a positive busbar, a negative busbar and a plurality of capacitors, wherein,

[0028] The plurality of capacitors are arranged in sequence, and the positive busbar is connected to the positive poles of the plurality of capacitors, and the negative busbar is connected to the negative poles of the plurality of capacitors.

[0029] The positive busbar and the negative busbar are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the pulse current controller.

[0030] Further, the power feeding mechanism comprises a Rogowski coil, an insulating sheet and an insulating pad, wherein,

[0031] The insulating pad is installed in the space formed by the two installation grooves, and the upper and lower surfaces of the insulating pad are respectively provided with an upper right-angle conductive plate and a lower right-angle conductive plate, and the upper right-angle conductive plate and the lower right-angle conductive plate are insulated by an insulating partition;

[0032] The vertical parts of the upper right-angle conductive plate and the lower right-angle conductive plate of one of the insulating pads abut against one side wall of the upper rail and the lower rail, and the vertical parts of the upper right-angle conductive plate and the lower right-angle conductive plate of the other insulating pad abut against the other side wall of the upper rail and the lower rail.

[0033] One of the insulating sheets is installed on the upper surfaces of the two upper right-angle conductive plates, and the other insulating sheet is installed on the lower surfaces of the two lower right-angle conductive plates.

[0034] The upper surface of the upper right-angle conductive plate is provided with a positive copper nose, and the lower surface of the lower right-angle conductive plate is provided with a negative copper nose, wherein the positive copper nose and the negative copper nose are respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the output end of the pulse current controller.

[0035] One of the insulating pads is provided with a mounting hole, and the Rogowski coil is installed in the mounting hole.

[0036] Further, the loading mechanism comprises two loading assemblies, wherein,

[0037] The two loading assemblies are respectively installed on the muzzle support seat and the breech support seat and are located at the two ends of the rail mechanism.

[0038] Further, for the loading assembly fixed on the muzzle support seat, it comprises a first support, a second support, a spring, a spring hook, a pin and a third support, wherein,

[0039] The first support is installed on the muzzle support seat, one of the third supports is installed on the first support, and the first gear is rotatably installed on the third support.

[0040] The second support is installed on the first support, and a second gear is rotatably installed on the second support;

[0041] The first gear and the second gear are equal in diameter, and a third gear is arranged between the first gear and the second gear, and the third gear is engaged with the first gear and the second gear;

[0042] A circular hole is formed in the center of the third gear, and the third gear is provided with an arc-shaped hole, and the arc-shaped holes are respectively located on both sides of the circular hole;

[0043] One end of the upper rail and one end of the lower rail are respectively slidably connected in the two arc-shaped holes through pins;

[0044] The upper end of one of the third supports is further connected with a support frame, a locking device is rotatably connected to the support frame, spring hooks are further arranged on the outer side wall of the locking device and the upper end of the third support, and the two spring hooks are connected through a spring; and the hook end of the locking device is clamped between the teeth of the third gear.

[0045] Further, the test device further comprises a camera support, a high-speed camera, a probe support and a high-pressure probe, wherein,

[0046] The probe support is arranged on the base, and the high-pressure probe is installed on the probe support and close to the muzzle position;

[0047] The camera support is installed on the muzzle support seat, and the high-speed camera is installed on the camera support and close to the muzzle position.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the variable load electromagnetic rail gun launching test device provided by the application can realize secondary reduction of rail spacing, and can realize secondary pre-tightening of the rail-armature after rail wear, which avoids a large amount of material waste caused by frequent replacement of worn rails, and improves the service life and reliability of the whole machine.

[0049] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be achieved and obtained by the structures indicated in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0051] Figure 1 Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a variable load electromagnetic railgun launching test device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 2 Fig. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of a rail mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 Fig. 3 shows a partial exploded view of a rail mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an optical fiber sensor mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a temperature sensor mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 6 Fig. 6 shows a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 7 Fig. 7 shows a structural schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 Fig. 8 shows a front view of a feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 9 Fig. 9 shows a structural schematic diagram of a loading assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 10 Fig. 10 shows a structural schematic diagram of a lock position device stuck between third gear teeth according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 11 Fig. 11 shows a structural schematic diagram of two loading assemblies installed according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 12 Fig. 12 shows a structural schematic diagram of an armature installed in upper and lower rails according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 13 Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a B-dot magnetic probe mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 14 Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 15 Fig. 15 shows a structural diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0067] At present, the armature-rail friction launching test on the electromagnetic railgun real machine still faces the practical problems of long application period, great difficulty in application, high cost and low economy, and when the armature-rail launching wear is studied, the load is a key research factor for the friction of the armature-rail. The existing electromagnetic railgun launching test machine still cannot meet the launching research under the variable load and the armature of different thickness, and the existing electromagnetic railgun launching device has the disadvantages of single measurement signal, complex structure and low manufacturing process. Since the existing electromagnetic launching test cannot carry out variable load test, i.e. launching test under different contact loads, it will seriously hinder the systematic study of the armature-rail launching friction behavior law. Based on this, as shown in the present application, a variable load electromagnetic railgun launching test device is provided, wherein the test device comprises: Figure 1

[0068] Rail mechanism 4 for providing launching rail for armature 4-9;

[0069] Feeding mechanism 12 for controlling the launching of armature 4-9 on the rail;

[0070] Energy storage mechanism 11 for storing the electric energy of armature 4-9 launched on the rail;

[0071] Loading mechanism for adjusting the rail spacing in the rail mechanism to realize the variable load loading of the armature 4-9 launched in the rail mechanism 4.

[0072] In addition, in the present application, the test device further comprises a supporting mechanism for supporting. The rail mechanism 4, the feeding mechanism 12, the energy storage mechanism 11, the loading mechanism and other parts contained in the test device in the present application will be described in detail below.

[0073] 1. Supporting mechanism

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, as Figure 1 ​As shown, the support mechanism includes a base 15, a muzzle support 1, and a breech support 9, wherein the muzzle support 1 and the breech support 9 are respectively located at both ends of the base 15; the track mechanism 4 is installed on the muzzle support 1 and the breech support 9; the power supply mechanism 12 is installed on the track mechanism 4; the energy storage mechanism 11 is installed between the muzzle support 1 and the breech support 9 and located below the track mechanism 4; and the loading mechanism is installed on the muzzle support 1 and the breech support 9.

[0075] 2. Track mechanism

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the track mechanism 4 includes a launcher and two mounting bases 4-0, wherein the launcher includes an upper track 4-4, a lower track 4-5, an upper outer shell 4-1, and a lower outer shell 4-8, wherein:

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the lower surface of the upper outer shell 4-1 has an upper inner groove 4-11, and the upper surface of the lower outer shell 4-8 has a lower inner groove 4-81. The upper track 4-4 is located in the upper inner groove 4-11, and the lower track 4-5 is located in the lower inner groove 4-81. The upper outer shell 4-1 and the lower outer shell 4-8 are connected by insulated bolts and nuts. That is, by passing the bolts through the upper outer shell 4-1 and the lower outer shell 4-8, and then fitting nuts on both ends of the bolts and tightening them, the upper outer shell 4-1 and the lower outer shell 4-8 can be connected.

[0078] In this embodiment, the mounting base 4-0 is connected to both ends of the lower outer shell 4-8, and the two mounting bases 4-0 are respectively mounted on the muzzle support 1 and the breech support 9.

[0079] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the track mechanism 4 also includes an upper insulating plate 4-2, a lower insulating plate 4-6, a left insulating plate 4-3, and a right insulating plate 4-7. The upper insulating plate 4-2 is fixed in the upper inner groove 4-11, and the lower insulating plate 4-6 is fixed in the lower inner groove 4-81. The upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5 are located between the upper insulating plate 4-2 and the lower insulating plate 4-6. The upper insulating plate 4-2, the lower insulating plate 4-6, the left insulating plate 4-3, and the right insulating plate 4-7 all serve an insulating function. In order to prevent the current of the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5 from being transmitted to the upper outer shell 4-1 and the lower outer shell 4-8, its function is twofold: first, to ensure that the launch performance is not affected; and second, to ensure the safety of the test.

[0080] In this embodiment, mounting slots 4-12 are provided at both the breech end (i.e., the end in the breech direction) of the upper outer shell 4-1 and the breech end (i.e., the end in the muzzle direction) of the lower outer shell 4-8. And as... Figure 4 As shown, the left insulating plate 4-3 and the right insulating plate 4-7 are both installed in the space formed by the upper inner groove 4-11 and the lower inner groove 4-81, and the left insulating plate 4-3 is in contact with one side wall of the upper rail 4-4 and the lower rail 4-5, and the right insulating plate 4-7 is in contact with the other side wall of the upper rail 4-4 and the lower rail 4-5.

[0081] In this embodiment, the track mechanism 4 further includes an optical fiber sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 6. The optical fiber sensor 5 is used to measure the deformation of the upper track 4-4 during the armature 4-9 launch process, and the temperature sensor 6 is used to measure the temperature of the upper track 4-4 during the armature 4-9 launch process.

[0082] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fiber optic sensor 5 is connected to the upper surface of the upper housing 4-1 by a connecting block 51 and a screw 52, ​​and the probe of the fiber optic sensor 5 passes through the upper housing 4-1 and is close to the upper end face of the upper insulating plate 4-2.

[0083] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown, the temperature sensor 6 passes through the upper outer shell 4-1 and the upper insulating plate 4-2 in sequence, and then abuts against the upper end face of the upper track 4-4.

[0084] In this embodiment, when the pulsed current flows through the upper rail-armature-lower rail, the armature 4-9 moves at high speed towards the muzzle under the impinging force of the Lorentz force (generated by the interaction of the strong magnetic field between the two parallel rails and the current flowing through the armature after the pulsed current is applied between the upper rail-armature-lower rail). The armature 4-9 is initially assembled with the upper and lower rails in an interference fit to ensure good and stable electrical contact between the upper rail-armature-lower rail, without affecting firing performance.

[0085] 3. Energy storage institutions

[0086] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the energy storage mechanism 11 includes a positive electrode busbar 14-3, a negative electrode busbar 14-1, an insulating plate 13, and a plurality of capacitors 14. The plurality of capacitors 14 are arranged in sequence, and the positive electrode busbar 14-3 is connected to the positive electrode of the plurality of capacitors 14, and the negative electrode busbar 14-1 is connected to the negative electrode of the plurality of capacitors 14.

[0087] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the insulating plate 13 is installed on the positive busbar 14-3 and the negative busbar 14-1, that is, the positive busbar 14-3 and the negative busbar 14-1 are connected with the lower surface of the insulating plate 13, and thus, when the whole energy storage mechanism 11 is installed below the track mechanism 4, the track mechanism 4 can be insulated.

[0088] In the embodiment, the positive busbar 14-3 and the negative busbar 14-1 are respectively connected with the positive and negative input terminals of the pulse current controller, and the capacitor 14 can be charged by an external charging power supply.

[0089] 4. Feeding mechanism

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown, Figure 7 The feeding mechanism 12 includes Rogowski coils 7, two insulating sheets 12-8 and two insulating pads 12-7, wherein the insulating pads 12-7 are installed in the space formed by the two installation grooves 4-12, and two insulating blocks 4-10 are also fixed in the space, the two insulating blocks 4-10 clamping the other end (i.e. the breech end) of the upper track 4-4 and the other end (i.e. the breech end) of the lower track 4-5, and the end of the insulating block 4-10 is flush with the breech end of the upper shell 4-1, the upper and lower surfaces of the insulating pads 12-7 are respectively provided with upper and lower straight-angle conductive plates 12-11 and 12-12, and the upper and lower straight-angle conductive plates 12-11 and 12-12 are insulated by an insulating partition 12-9.

[0091] In the embodiment, as shown, Figure 8 The vertical parts of the upper and lower straight-angle conductive plates 12-11 and 12-12 of one of the insulating pads 12-7 are in contact with the side walls of the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5, and the vertical parts of the upper and lower straight-angle conductive plates 12-11 and 12-12 of the other insulating pad 12-7 are in contact with the side walls of the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5.

[0092] In the embodiment, one of the insulating sheets 12-8 is installed on the upper surfaces of the two upper straight-angle conductive plates 12-11, and the other insulating sheet 12-8 is installed on the lower surfaces of the two lower straight-angle conductive plates 12-12. One of the insulating pads 12-7 is provided with a mounting hole 12-2, and the Rogowski coil 7 is installed in the mounting hole 12-2 for measuring the track current signal.

[0093] In the embodiment, the upper surface of the upper straight-angle conductive plate 12-11 is mounted with three positive copper noses 12-4, and the lower surface of the lower straight-angle conductive plate 12-12 is mounted with three negative copper noses 12-3, wherein the positive copper noses 12-4 and the negative copper noses 12-3 are connected with the positive and negative poles of the output end of the pulse current controller respectively, and since the output end of the pulse current controller has six positive terminals and six negative terminals respectively, the six positive copper noses 12-4 are connected with the six positive terminals of the output end of the pulse current controller respectively, and the six negative copper noses 12-3 are connected with the six negative terminals of the output end of the pulse current controller respectively.

[0094] The positive and negative pulse currents are transmitted to the upper straight-angle conductive plate 12-11 and the lower straight-angle conductive plate 12-12 through the positive copper noses 12-4 and the negative copper noses 12-3 respectively, and since the upper straight-angle conductive plate 12-11 is in contact with the upper rail 4-4, and the lower straight-angle conductive plate 12-12 is in contact with the lower rail 4-5, the currents transmitted to the upper straight-angle conductive plate 12-11 and the lower straight-angle conductive plate 12-12 are transmitted to the corresponding upper rail 4-4 and lower rail 4-5 respectively, and the insulation of the upper rail 4-4 and the lower rail 4-5 is realized through the insulating pads 12-7 and the corresponding multiple insulating bolts and nuts between the positive copper noses 12-4 and the negative copper noses 12-3, and the purpose of the insulation is to make the electrical connection between the two parallel upper rails 4-4 and lower rails 4-5 rely on the armature 4-9.

[0095] 5. Loading mechanism

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the loading mechanism comprises two loading assemblies 8, wherein the two loading assemblies 8 are respectively mounted on the muzzle support seat 1 and the breech support seat 9 and are located at the two ends of the rail mechanism 4.

[0097] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 for the loading assembly 8 fixed on the muzzle support seat 1, it comprises a first support 2-1, a second support 2-10, a spring 2-2, a spring hook 2-7, a pin 2-81 and two third supports 2-3, wherein the first support 2-1 is mounted on the muzzle support seat 1, the two third supports 2-3 are mounted on the first support 2-1, and the third supports 2-3 are rotatably mounted with first gears 2-5.

[0098] In this embodiment, the second support 2-10 is mounted on the first support 2-1, and the second support 2-10 is rotatably mounted on the second support 2-10; the first gear 2-5 and the second gear 2-11 have the same diameter, and a third gear 2-8 is provided between the two first gears 2-5 and the two second gears 2-11, and the third gear 2-8 meshes with the first gear 2-5 and the two second gears 2-11.

[0099] The third gear 2-8 has a central circular hole and two arc-shaped holes 2-81, located on either side of the circular hole. One end of the upper track 4-4 (i.e., the muzzle end) and one end of the lower track 4-5 (i.e., the muzzle end) are slidably connected to the two arc-shaped holes 2-81 by pins 2-81. Therefore, when the third gear 2-8 rotates, for example... Figure 8 When the direction is rotated counterclockwise, the movement trajectories of the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5 are close to each other. Therefore, by rotating the third gear 2-8, the distance between the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5 can be adjusted.

[0100] In this embodiment, a support frame 2-4 is also connected to the upper end of one of the third supports 2-3. A locking device 2-6 is rotatably connected to the support frame 2-4. A spring hook 2-7 is also provided on the outer wall of the locking device 2-6 and the upper end of the third support 2-3. The two spring hooks 2-7 are connected by a spring 2-2. Figure 10 As shown, the hook end of the locking device 2-6 is engaged between the teeth of the third gear 2-8. Figure 8 As shown, the tail of the locking device 2-6 is hinged to the support frame 2-4. The head of the locking device 2-6, i.e. the hook end, is hook-shaped. The sharp part at the bottom of the hook end is inclined counterclockwise toward the locking device 2-6 itself and engages with the teeth of the third gear 2-8. The teeth of the third gear 2-8 are inclined clockwise. Therefore, the counterclockwise rotation of the third gear 2-8 is not affected by the locking device 2-6. However, as long as it does not rotate or rotates clockwise, the locking device 2-6 can lock the third gear 2-8 and prevent the third gear 2-8 from rotating clockwise.

[0101] In this embodiment, the third gear 2-8 is rotated as follows: a rotating rod 2-9 is also installed on the second support 2-10. The rotating rod 2-9 is T-shaped and passes through the second support 2-10, connecting with the second gear 2-11. Therefore, rotating the rotating rod 2-9 drives the third gear 2-8 to rotate. The two first gears 2-5 serve to stabilize the rotation of the third gear 2-8. It should be noted that when the locking device 2-6 is pulled open, that is, when the sharp part at the bottom of the hook end of the locking device 2-6 disengages from the teeth of the third gear 2-8, the third gear 2-8 can rotate both clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0102] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, it is noted that, as shown in Figure 11 the loading assembly 8 mounted on the breech support seat 9 is a symmetrical structure with the loading assembly 8 fixed on the muzzle support seat 1, that is, in the loading assembly 8 mounted on the breech support seat 9, the other end of the upper rail 4-4 and the other end of the lower rail 4-5 are also slidably connected in two arc-shaped holes 2-81 by pins, respectively, and in the loading assembly 8 mounted on the breech support seat 9, when the third gear 2-8 rotates clockwise, the movement trajectories of the upper rail 4-4 and the lower rail 4-5 are close to each other.

[0103] 6. Other parts

[0104] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the other parts of the test device further include a camera support 3, a high-speed camera 31, a probe support 16, and a high-voltage probe 16-1, wherein the probe support 16 is arranged on the base 15, the high-voltage probe 16-1 is installed on the probe support 16 and close to the muzzle position, supported and adjusted in position by the probe support 16, and the high-voltage probe 16-1 can measure the muzzle arc voltage signal when the armature 4-9 is fired out of the muzzle.

[0105] The camera support 3 is installed on the muzzle support seat 1, the high-speed camera 31 is installed on the camera support 3 and close to the muzzle position, supported and adjusted in position by the camera support 3, and the high-speed camera 31 can shoot the muzzle arc state and also measure the muzzle velocity.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 the other parts of the test device further include a push rod mechanism, wherein the push rod mechanism includes a fixed frame and a push rod 10, wherein the fixed frame is installed on the breech support seat 9, the push rod 10 is installed on the fixed frame, and the push rod can adopt some telescopic equipment, such as a hydraulic push rod, the output end of the hydraulic push rod is opposite to the square armature hole 4-13 opened in the side wall of one of the insulating blocks 4-10, the armature 4-9 is put into the armature hole 4-13, and then the armature 4-9 is pushed by the hydraulic push rod to extrude into the upper and lower rails to realize the initial contact mode of interference fit. The factors such as the force, interference fit state and position of the armature 4-9 during the process of being loaded into the upper and lower rails each time are basically consistent, which improves the accuracy of the test results and the convenience of the test operation.

[0107] Starting the push rod 10 can make the armature 4-9 be pushed into the upper rail 4-4 and the lower rail 4-5 as shown in Figure 12 .

[0108] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 13 the other parts of the test device also include a B-dot magnetic probe, wherein, as shown in Figure 5 the lower end of the upper shell 4-1 is provided with a groove, and the lower shell 4-8 is provided with a shoulder 4-14 matched with the groove.

[0109] In this embodiment, in the direction shown in Figure 5 the groove depth on the left side of the upper shell 4-1 is appropriately smaller than the height of the left shoulder 4-14 of the lower shell 4-8, and the upper shell 4-1 is equal to the groove depth on the right side of the lower shell 4-8. One of the purposes is to ensure that there is a proper gap between the upper shell 4-1 and the lower shell 4-8 to install the B-dot magnetic probe, and the other purpose is to place the upper and lower rails to bear the repulsive force to the left and right during the launching process, and to play a limiting protection role in the horizontal direction.

[0110] The function of the B-dot magnetic probe is to measure the change of the magnetic field and the speed of the armature 4-9, and its installation schematic diagram is shown in Figure 13 so that the B-dot magnetic probe passes through the gap and is as close as possible to the upper and lower rails, which is to more accurately measure the change of the magnetic field and the speed of the armature 4-9 in the launcher.

[0111] The above is the detailed description of the track mechanism 4, the feeding mechanism 12, the energy storage mechanism 11, the loading mechanism and other parts contained in the test device in the present application. The following is a description of other design schemes of some components of the present application.

[0112] 7. Other design schemes

[0113] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 14 the internal heat dissipation structure of the track (taking the upper track 4-4 as an example, the heat dissipation structure of the lower track 4-5 is consistent with that of the upper track 4-4) is provided with a continuous "arch" shaped water cooling heat dissipation channel 4-42 in the cross section 4-41 of the upper track 4-4, which is to increase the heat dissipation area to achieve high-efficiency heat dissipation. A plurality of micro-pits 4-45 (see the front view and the corresponding top view in Figure 14 ) are arranged on the wall surface of the water cooling heat dissipation channel 4-42, and then graphene coating is formed on the wall surface of the water cooling heat dissipation channel 4-42 by thermal spraying, which is to increase the heat dissipation coefficient. The micro-pits 4-45 are arranged to further increase the heat dissipation area on the basis of the wall surface heat dissipation area of the "arch" shaped water cooling heat dissipation channel 4-42.

[0114] During the launching process of the armature 4-9, distilled water is selected as the cooling medium, which enters from the heat dissipation channel inlet 4-43 of the water-cooled heat dissipation channel 4-42 and then exits from the heat dissipation channel outlet 4-44 of the water-cooled heat dissipation channel 4-42. The internal heat dissipation structure of the track can realize larger heat dissipation area by means of the continuous "arch" design and the micro-pits 4-45 arranged in cooperation. The addition of the graphene coating increases the heat dissipation coefficient. The above design can realize efficient heat dissipation of the corresponding track and protect the corresponding track from being damaged as much as possible.

[0115] In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 15 , the heat dissipation structure is provided with an internal heat dissipation system of the track. The heat dissipation system structures of the upper track 4-4 and the lower track 4-5 are the same, and the upper track 4-4 is taken as an example for introduction:

[0116] Distilled water is selected as the heat dissipation medium because it is not easy to have physical and chemical reactions with the components flowing through the process, which is conducive to long-term circulation and reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance. The distilled water at normal temperature is filled into the water tank, and the water pump transmits the distilled water to the refrigerator for cooling to generate cooled distilled water.

[0117] The cooled distilled water is transmitted to the heat dissipation channel inlet 4-43 of the upper track 4-4, flows through the water-cooled heat dissipation channel 4-42 to realize heat dissipation, and then outputs hot water through the heat dissipation channel outlet 4-44, and the other way of the cooled distilled water directly outputs cold water. Figure 14

[0118] The cold water and the hot water flow through the upper and lower end surfaces of the thermoelectric power generation sheet to generate electromotive force. Then, the cold water is transmitted to the water tank again by the water pump through the filter. The hot water can also be sucked into the filter by another water pump and then pumped into another refrigerator by the water pump to be cooled to become cold water and then transmitted to the water tank again, so as to realize the cooling and power generation cycle. The lower track adopts the same process as the upper track to realize heat dissipation and generate electromotive force. The corresponding thermoelectric power generation sheets of the upper and lower tracks 4-5 are connected to the same generator to realize thermoelectric power generation, and then the electrical energy is stored for electromagnetic railgun launching.

[0119] The above design can realize track heat dissipation to avoid high-temperature wear and ablation as much as possible, and can also realize heat energy recycling and power generation of the launching device, so that the test device has green and environmental protection, which helps to reduce the use cost.

[0120] In addition, in the present application, the process of the test device is as follows:

[0121] First step: charge the capacitor through the charging power supply, and the capacitor is connected to the pulse current controller.

[0122] Second step: install the armature into the upper and lower tracks by the auxiliary device and the push rod mechanism to realize the initial interference fit.​

[0123] The third step is to start the heat dissipation system so that the upper and lower tracks have heat dissipation functions.

[0124] The fourth step is to prepare for power generation, and the heat generated by the upper and lower tracks is used for thermoelectric power generation and stored in a capacitor.

[0125] The fifth step is to transmit pulse current to the feeding mechanism through the pulse current controller, and then to the upper and lower tracks.

[0126] The sixth step is that the armature is launched at high speed, and the heat dissipation structure protects the upper and lower tracks from abrasion and ablation as much as possible during the launching process, and thermoelectric power generation and electricity storage are carried out, and during the launching process, the measurement system can measure the track deformation (measured by an optical fiber sensor), the temperature (measured by a temperature sensor), the muzzle voltage (measured by a high-voltage probe), the track current (measured by a Rogowski coil), the magnetic field change (measured by a B-dot magnetic probe), and the speed (which can be indirectly calculated according to the magnetic field change), as well as the observation of the muzzle arc state by a high-speed camera.

[0127] The seventh step is to recover the armature to observe the abrasion morphology of its surface.

[0128] In summary, the variable load electromagnetic railgun launching test device provided by the application has the following advantages:

[0129] (1) The variable load loading of the armature can be realized, the electromagnetic launching test under variable load can be carried out, more abundant research results can be obtained, and the loading mechanism is convenient to operate.

[0130] (2) The contact force between the track and the armature decreases due to the abrasion of the track, and the present application can realize the secondary reduction of the track spacing, so that the track-armature can be pre-tightened again after the abrasion of the track, which can avoid the waste of a large amount of materials caused by frequent replacement of the worn track, and improve the service life and reliability of the whole machine.

[0131] (3) The upper and lower tracks can complete variable load and pre-tightening while keeping parallel, so that the tracks will not be inclined, ensuring the stability of the armature-track electrical contact, the reliability of the loading, and the smoothness of the launching channel, and minimizing experimental errors.

[0132] (4) The muzzle arc can be observed, and the signal curves of track deformation, temperature, muzzle voltage, track current, etc. during launching can be measured.

[0133] (5) The track has high disassembly and assembly, is convenient and fast, and can meet the practical needs of microscopic observation of the surface abrasion morphology of the track (i.e. disassemble it, put it on a microscopic morphology instrument to observe the surface of the track after launching and abrasion).

[0134] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed with the preferred embodiments as above, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above disclosed technical contents to obtain equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, as long as the changes or modifications do not depart from the technical solution of the present application. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable load electromagnetic railgun launch test device, wherein, The test device comprises: A track mechanism (4) for providing a launching track for an armature (4-9), the track mechanism (4) comprising a launcher, two mounting seats (4-0), an upper insulating plate (4-2), a lower insulating plate (4-6), a left insulating plate (4-3) and a right insulating plate (4-7), the launcher comprising an upper track (4-4), a lower track (4-5), an upper shell (4-1) and a lower shell (4-8), wherein a lower surface of the upper shell (4-1) is provided with an upper inner groove (4-11), an upper surface of the lower shell (4-8) is provided with a lower inner groove (4-81), the upper track (4-4) is arranged in the upper inner groove (4-11), the lower track (4-5) is arranged in the lower inner groove (4-81), and the upper shell (4-1) and the lower shell (4-8) are connected; The mounting seats (4-0) are respectively connected to two ends of the lower shell (4-8), and the two mounting seats (4-0) are respectively mounted on a muzzle support seat (1) and a breech support seat (9); the upper insulating plate (4-2) is fixed in the upper inner groove (4-11), the lower insulating plate (4-6) is fixed in the lower inner groove (4-81), and the upper track (4-4) and the lower track (4-5) are located between the upper insulating plate (4-2) and the lower insulating plate (4-6); a breech end of the upper shell (4-1) and a breech end of the lower shell (4-8) are both provided with a mounting groove (4-12), the left insulating plate (4-3) and the right insulating plate (4-7) are both mounted in a space formed by the upper inner groove (4-11) and the lower inner groove (4-81), and the left insulating plate (4-3) is in contact with one side wall of the upper track (4-4) and the lower track (4-5), and the right insulating plate (4-7) is in contact with the other side wall of the upper track (4-4) and the lower track (4-5); A feeding mechanism (12) for controlling launching of the armature (4-9) on the track; An energy storage mechanism (11) for storing electric energy of the armature (4-9) launched on the track; The loading mechanism is used for adjusting the track spacing in the track mechanism to realize variable load loading of the armature (4-9) in the track mechanism (4). The loading mechanism comprises two loading assemblies (8), wherein the two loading assemblies (8) are respectively installed on the muzzle support seat (1) and the breech support seat (9) and are located at two ends of the track mechanism (4); wherein, for the loading assembly (8) fixed on the muzzle support seat (1), the loading assembly (8) comprises a first support (2-1), a second support (2-10), a spring (2-2), a spring hook (2-7), a pin (2-82) and two third supports (2-3), the first support (2-1) is installed on the muzzle support seat (1), the two third supports (2-3) are installed on the first support (2-1), and the third support (2-3) is rotatably connected with a first gear (2-5); the second support (2-10) is installed on the first support (2-1), and the second support (2-10) is rotatably connected with a second gear (2-11); the diameters of the first gear (2-5) and the second gear (2-11) are equal, a third gear (2-8) is arranged between the two first gears (2-5) and the second gears (2-11), and the third gear (2-8) is engaged with the first gear (2-5) and the two second gears (2-11); a circular hole is formed in the center of the third gear (2-8), the third gear (2-8) is provided with two arc-shaped holes (2-81), and the two arc-shaped holes (2-81) are respectively located on the two sides of the circular hole; one end of the upper track (4-4) and one end of the lower track (4-5) are respectively slidably connected in the two arc-shaped holes (2-81) through the pin (2-82); the upper end of one of the third supports (2-3) is further connected with a support frame (2-4), the support frame (2-4) is rotatably connected with a locking device (2-6), and the outer side wall of the locking device (2-6) and the upper end of the third support (2-3) are further provided with the spring hook (2-7); the two spring hooks (2-7) are connected through the spring (2-2); and the hook end of the locking device (2-6) is clamped between the teeth of the third gear (2-8).

2. The variable load electromagnetic rail gun launch test device of claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises a base (15), a muzzle support seat (1) and a breech support seat (9), wherein, The muzzle support seat (1) and the breech support seat (9) are respectively arranged at two ends of the base (15); The track mechanism (4) is installed on the muzzle support seat (1) and the breech support seat (9); The feeding mechanism (12) is installed on the track mechanism (4); The energy storage mechanism (11) is installed between the muzzle support seat (1) and the breech support seat (9) and below the track mechanism (4); The loading mechanism is installed on the muzzle support seat (1) and the breech support seat (9).

3. A variable load electromagnetic railgun launch test device according to claim 2 wherein, The track mechanism (4) further comprises an optical fiber sensor (5) and a temperature sensor (6), wherein, The optical fiber sensor (5) is connected to the upper surface of the upper shell (4-1) through a connecting block (51) and a screw (52), and the probe of the optical fiber sensor (5) penetrates the upper shell (4-1) and is close to the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate (4-2); The temperature sensor (6) abuts against the upper end surface of the upper rail (4-4) after penetrating the upper shell (4-1) and the upper insulating plate (4-2) in sequence.

4. The variable load electromagnetic rail gun launch test device of claim 3, wherein, The energy storage mechanism (11) comprises a positive electrode bus plate (14-3), a negative electrode bus plate (14-1) and a plurality of capacitors (14), wherein, The plurality of capacitors (14) are arranged in sequence, and the positive electrode bus plate (14-3) is connected to the positive electrodes of the plurality of capacitors (14), and the negative electrode bus plate (14-1) is connected to the negative electrodes of the plurality of capacitors (14); The positive electrode bus plate (14-3) and the negative electrode bus plate (14-1) are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the input end of the pulse current controller.

5. A variable load electromagnetic railgun launch test device according to claim 4 wherein, The feeding mechanism (12) comprises a Rogowski coil (7), two insulating sheets (12-8) and two insulating pads (12-7), wherein, The insulating pad (12-7) is installed in the space formed by the two installation grooves (4-12), and the upper and lower surfaces of the insulating pad (12-7) are respectively provided with an upper right-angle conductive plate (12-11) and a lower right-angle conductive plate (12-12), and the upper right-angle conductive plate (12-11) and the lower right-angle conductive plate (12-12) are insulated by an insulating partition (12-9); The vertical parts of the upper right-angle conductive plate (12-11) and the lower right-angle conductive plate (12-12) of one of the insulating pads (12-7) abut against one side wall of the upper rail (4-4) and the lower rail (4-5), and the vertical parts of the upper right-angle conductive plate (12-11) and the lower right-angle conductive plate (12-12) of the other insulating pad (12-7) abut against the other side wall of the upper rail (4-4) and the lower rail (4-5); One of the insulating sheets (12-8) is installed on the upper surfaces of the two upper right-angle conductive plates (12-11), and the other insulating sheet (12-8) is installed on the lower surfaces of the two lower right-angle conductive plates (12-12); The upper surfaces of the upper right-angle conductive plates (12-11) are provided with three positive copper noses (12-4), and the lower surfaces of the lower right-angle conductive plates (12-12) are provided with three negative copper noses (12-3), wherein the positive copper noses (12-4) and the negative copper noses (12-3) are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output end of the pulse current controller; One of the insulating pads (12-7) is provided with a mounting hole (12-2), and the Rogowski coil (7) is installed in the mounting hole (12-2).

6. A variable load electromagnetic railgun launch test device according to any one of claims 1-5 wherein, The test device further comprises a camera support (3), a high-speed camera (31), a probe support (16) and a high-voltage probe (16-1), wherein The probe support (16) is arranged on the base (15), and the high-voltage probe (16-1) is installed on the probe support (16) and close to the muzzle position. The camera support (3) is installed on the muzzle support seat (1), and the high-speed camera (31) is installed on the camera support (3) and close to the muzzle position.

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