A low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to a neutron experiment and a testing method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of neutron scattering experiments, and discloses a low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments and a testing method thereof. The low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments comprises a vacuum box, a clamping assembly, a cooling assembly, a loading assembly and a compensation assembly. The clamping assembly is arranged in the vacuum box, the clamping assembly comprises two oppositely arranged clamping heads, and the two clamping heads jointly clamp a sample to be measured. The cooling assembly is configured to cool the sample to be measured in the vacuum box. The output end of the loading assembly is connected with one of the clamping heads. The output end of the compensation assembly is connected with the vacuum box, so as to drive the vacuum box, the clamping assembly, the cooling assembly and the loading assembly to move in the direction away from the loading force applied to the sample to be measured by the loading assembly. The low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments can test the stretching performance of the sample in a low-temperature and vacuum environment, and can guarantee the accuracy of the test result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of neutron scattering experiments, and particularly relates to a low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments and a testing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compared with X-rays, neutrons have the advantages of strong penetration, sensitivity to light elements, the ability to identify isotopes, and the possession of spin and magnetic moment, and are non-destructive to samples, so that neutron scattering technology is widely used in the research of energy materials, magnetic materials and engineering materials. The main principle of neutron scattering technology is that the neutron beam from the neutron source is incident into the sample material, interacts with the atomic nucleus or magnetic moment in the material, and scatters in all directions. By measuring the changes in energy and momentum of the scattered neutrons, the microscopic structure information and motion law of the material can be obtained.

[0003] When testing the tensile properties of materials applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace, deep sea and the like, it is usually necessary to test them in a low-temperature and vacuum environment. However, the stretching device in the prior art has the following defects: 1) it can only be used for internal deformation testing of samples in a normal temperature environment, and when testing the tensile properties of materials applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace, deep sea and the like, the test results will be inaccurate; 2) when stretching the sample, it is usually single-sided loading, and the center position of the sample will change under the action of the loading force, so that the neutron beam cannot be incident into the center position of the sample, affecting the test results.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments and a testing method thereof, which can test the tensile properties of samples in a low-temperature and vacuum environment, and ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0006] As conceived above, the technical solution adopted by the present application is:

[0007] A low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments, comprising:

[0008] a vacuum box;

[0009] a clamping assembly arranged inside the vacuum box, the clamping assembly comprising two oppositely arranged clamping heads, and the two clamping heads clamping a sample to be tested together;

[0010] a cooling assembly configured to cool the sample to be tested in the vacuum box;

[0011] a loading assembly, an output end of the loading assembly being connected with one of the clamping heads;

[0012] a compensation assembly, an output end of the compensation assembly being connected with the vacuum box to drive the vacuum box, the clamping assembly, the cooling assembly and the loading assembly to move in a direction away from a loading force applied on the sample to be tested by the loading assembly.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, the compensation assembly comprises a compensation driving source and a screw nut transmission structure, an output end of the compensation driving source being connected with a screw rod of the screw nut transmission structure, and a nut of the screw nut transmission structure being connected with the vacuum box.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, the compensation assembly further comprises:

[0015] a support platform for supporting a fixed end of the compensation driving source;

[0016] a sliding platform slidingly arranged on the support platform, the vacuum box being connected with the sliding platform, and the output end of the compensation driving source being connected with the sliding platform.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, the compensation assembly further comprises an optical grating ruler, the optical grating ruler extending along a length direction of the vacuum box and being arranged on the support platform.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, the cooling assembly comprises a refrigerator, a cold shield and a heat conduction member, the cold shield being arranged in the vacuum box and covering the clamping assembly, the refrigerator being arranged on the vacuum box, and a cold head of the refrigerator being connected with the clamping head through the heat conduction member.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, the loading assembly comprises a loading driving source and a loading shaft, an output end of the loading driving source being connected with the loading shaft, and one end of the loading shaft away from the loading driving source being connected with the corresponding clamping head through the vacuum box.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupled stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application, a tension sensor is connected between the loading shaft and the corresponding clamping head.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiment provided by the application, the vacuum box comprises a box body, a vacuum valve and a vacuum generating system, the box body is provided with a vacuum interface, the vacuum valve is installed at the vacuum interface, and the vacuum generating system performs vacuumizing operation on the inside of the box body through the vacuum valve.

[0022] The application further provides a test method based on the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiment.

[0023] Step S1: fixing a sample to be tested between two clamping heads of a clamping assembly;

[0024] Step S2: starting a cooling assembly to reduce the temperature of the clamping heads to a preset temperature;

[0025] Step S3: loading a loading assembly to load the sample to be tested with a stretching force through the corresponding clamping heads;

[0026] Step S4: driving a compensation assembly to move the vacuum box, the clamping assembly, the cooling assembly and the loading assembly in a direction away from the stretching force, so that the center position of the sample to be tested is always opposite to a neutron beam emission end of a neutron spectrometer;

[0027] Step S5: emitting a neutron beam from the neutron beam emission end of the neutron spectrometer to the sample to be tested.

[0028] As a preferred scheme of the test method provided by the application, the loading assembly loads the sample to be tested with a load F≤50kN; and / or

[0029] The preset temperature of the clamping head ranges from 6K to 473K.

[0030] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the application can provide a vacuum test environment for the sample to be tested through the vacuum box, and can provide a low-temperature test environment for the sample to be tested through the cooling assembly, so that the stretching device can be applied to test the tensile properties of materials applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace and deep sea, to truly simulate the tensile properties of the materials in the use environment, and to ensure the accuracy of the test results; the clamping assembly can be used to fix the sample to be tested; the loading assembly in transmission connection with one clamping head of the clamping assembly can provide a loading force for the sample to be tested; and the compensation assembly can drive the vacuum box, the clamping assembly, the cooling assembly and the loading assembly to move in the direction away from the loading force applied to the sample to be tested by the loading assembly, so that the sample to be tested can be irradiated by the neutron beam at the central position at any position, to ensure the accuracy of the test results.

[0032] The test method provided by the application can test the tensile properties of the sample to be tested in a low-temperature and vacuum environment through the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments, to truly simulate the tensile properties of the sample to be tested in the use environment, and to ensure the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0034] Figure 2 is a front view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0035] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the cooling assembly and the clamping assembly provided by the embodiments of the application.

[0036] In the drawings:

[0037] 100 - sample to be tested;

[0038] 1 - vacuum box;

[0039] 2 - clamping assembly; 21 - movable clamping head; 22 - fixed clamping head;

[0040] 3 - cooling assembly; 31 - refrigerator; 32 - cold screen; 33 - heat conduction member;

[0041] 4 - loading assembly; 41 - loading driving source; 42 - loading shaft;

[0042] 5 - compensation assembly; 51 - compensation driving source; 52 - screw nut transmission structure; 53 - support column; 54 - support platform; 55 - sliding platform; 56 - guide sliding block; 57 - guide sliding rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the application and are not to be used to limit the scope of the application. In addition, it should also be pointed out that, for the sake of description, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings and not all the structures.

[0044] In the description of the application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "above" and "on" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "under" and "under" of the first feature to the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0046] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in description and have no special meaning.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the present embodiment is shown. Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the low-temperature coupling stretching device for neutron experiments provided by the present embodiment is shown. As shown in Figures 1-2As shown, the embodiment provides a low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments, which comprises a vacuum box 1, a clamping assembly 2, a cooling assembly 3, a loading assembly 4 and a compensation assembly 5. The clamping assembly 2 is arranged inside the vacuum box 1 and comprises two oppositely arranged clamping heads which jointly clamp a sample 100 to be tested. The cooling assembly 3 is configured to cool the sample 100 to be tested in the vacuum box 1. The output end of the loading assembly 4 is connected with one of the clamping heads. The output end of the compensation assembly 5 is connected with the vacuum box 1 to drive the vacuum box 1, the clamping assembly 2, the cooling assembly 3 and the loading assembly 4 to move in a direction away from the loading force applied by the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100.

[0048] The low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to neutron experiments provided by the embodiment can provide a vacuum test environment for the sample 100 to be tested by arranging the vacuum box 1, and can provide a low-temperature test environment for the sample 100 to be tested by arranging the cooling assembly 3, so that the stretching device can be applied to test the tensile properties of materials applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace and deep sea, etc. to truly simulate the tensile properties of the materials in the use environment and further ensure the accuracy of the test results. The clamping assembly 2 can be used to fix the sample 100 to be tested. The loading assembly 4 in transmission connection with one of the clamping heads of the clamping assembly 2 can provide a loading force for the sample 100 to be tested. The compensation assembly 5 can drive the vacuum box 1, the clamping assembly 2, the cooling assembly 3 and the loading assembly 4 to move in a direction away from the loading force applied by the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested, so that the center position of the sample 100 to be tested is always opposite to the neutron beam emission end of the neutron spectrometer, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results. The stretching device can meet the tensile test requirements of most medium and high-entropy alloys.

[0049] In the embodiment, the clamping head and the sample 100 to be tested are threadedly connected. That is, one of the clamping head and the sample 100 to be tested is provided with a threaded hole, and the other is provided with an external thread. The sample 100 to be tested can be screwed on the clamping head to realize stable connection therebetween. Of course, in other embodiments, the clamping head and the sample 100 to be tested can also be connected in other connection manners, as long as the sample 100 to be tested can not be separated from the clamping assembly 2 during the stretching process.

[0050] For the convenience of description, the clamping head connected with the output end of the loading assembly 4 is referred to as a movable clamping head 21, and the fixed clamping head is referred to as a fixed clamping head 22. The loading assembly 4 comprises a loading driving source 41 and a loading shaft 42, the output end of the loading driving source 41 is connected with the loading shaft 42, and the end of the loading shaft 42 away from the loading driving source 41 is connected with the movable clamping head 21 through the vacuum box 1. The loading driving source 41 provides a tensile force to the sample 100 to be tested through the loading shaft 42 and the movable clamping head 21. Optionally, the loading driving source 41 is a servo motor cylinder, which has high structural accuracy, high linear motion accuracy, reliable performance and high stability.

[0051] In order to detect the loading load of the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested, a tension sensor is connected between the loading shaft 42 and the movable clamping head 21. The tension sensor can transmit the loading load value of the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested to the control system of the stretching device, so as to establish the corresponding relationship between the strain, stress state of the sample 100 to be tested and the corresponding loading load, and facilitate the operator to analyze the test results.

[0052] Optionally, the axis direction of the loading shaft 42 is parallel to the horizontal direction, that is, the low-temperature coupling stretching device applied to the neutron experiment provided in the embodiment is a horizontal stretching device. Compared with the vertical stretching machine in the prior art, the horizontal stretching device is more convenient to install and operate, and can realize greater stretching of the sample 100 to be tested.

[0053] Continuing to refer to Figures 1-2 , the compensation assembly 5 comprises a compensation driving source 51 and a screw nut transmission structure 52, the output end of the compensation driving source 51 is connected with the screw rod of the screw nut transmission structure 52, and the nut of the screw nut transmission structure 52 is connected with the vacuum box 1. In the embodiment, the compensation driving source 51 is a compensation motor. When the compensation driving source 51 works, the screw rod of the screw nut transmission structure 52 is driven to rotate, and at the same time, the nut of the screw nut transmission structure 52 is driven to move along the extension direction of the screw rod, thereby driving the vacuum box 1, the clamping assembly 2, the cooling assembly 3 and the loading assembly 4 to move synchronously. By arranging the screw nut transmission structure 52, the compensation assembly 5 has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, high rigidity and long service life.

[0054] Further, the compensation assembly 5 further comprises a support platform 54 and a sliding platform 55, the support platform 54 is used for supporting the fixed end of the compensation driving source 51; the sliding platform 55 is slidingly arranged on the support platform 54, the vacuum box 1 is connected with the sliding platform 55, and the output end of the compensation driving source 51 is connected with the sliding platform 55.

[0055] To ensure the stability of the connection between the vacuum box 1 and the sliding platform 55, the compensation assembly 5 further comprises support columns 53, a plurality of support columns 53 are arranged between the vacuum box 1 and the sliding platform 55 in an array, and the two ends of each support column 53 are connected to the bottom of the vacuum box 1 and the sliding platform 55, respectively. The arrangement of the support columns 53 can prevent the vacuum box 1 from tilting during movement and improve the stability of the movement process. In this embodiment, the number of support columns 53 is four, and the four support columns 53 are located at the four corners of the vacuum box 1, so as to ensure the stability of the movement process of the vacuum box 1 while reducing the number of support columns 53 and thus reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0056] Optionally, a guide rail 57 extending along the length direction of the vacuum box 1 is arranged on the support platform 54, and a guide block 56 slidingly matched with the guide rail 57 is arranged at the bottom of the sliding platform 55. By arranging the slidingly matched guide rail 57 and guide block 56, the sliding of the sliding platform 55 can be guided, and the stability of the movement process can be ensured, thereby preventing the inaccuracy of the test results caused by the non-parallelism between the compensation movement direction of the vacuum box 1 and the loading direction of the tensile force on the sample 100 to be tested.

[0057] To accurately control the distance of the movement of the vacuum box 1 driven by the compensation assembly 5, the compensation assembly 5 further comprises a grating ruler extending along the length direction of the vacuum box 1 and arranged on the support platform 54. For example, when the load applied by the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested is F, and the sample 100 to be tested is elongated by a distance L along the length direction of the vacuum box 1, the compensation assembly 5 is started and drives the vacuum box 1, the clamping assembly 2, the cooling assembly 3 and the loading assembly 4 to move in the opposite direction by 0.5L, so as to ensure that the center position of the sample 100 to be tested is always opposite to the neutron beam emission end on the neutron spectrometer. Through the cooperation between the compensation driving source 51, the lead screw 52, the nut 53 and the grating ruler, the displacement accuracy of the compensation assembly 5 can reach 0.05mm.

[0058] To realize the vacuum environment in the vacuum box 1, the vacuum box 1 comprises a box body, a vacuum valve and a vacuum generating system, the box body is provided with a vacuum interface, the vacuum valve is installed at the vacuum interface, and the vacuum generating system performs vacuumizing operation on the inside of the box body through the vacuum valve. Optionally, a vacuum degree detection member can be arranged inside the box body to detect the vacuum degree inside the box body, so that it matches the vacuum degree in the actual use environment of the sample 100 to be tested, and further ensures the accuracy of the test results.

[0059] In this embodiment, the loading load of the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested can reach 50kN at most. To prevent the deformation of the box body caused by the excessive load applied by the loading assembly 4 on the sample 100 to be tested, the box body can be made of high-strength metal materials, such as steel, alloy steel, etc.

[0060] Figure 3 An explosion diagram of the cooling assembly 3 provided by the embodiment and the clamping assembly 2 is shown. As shown in Figure 3 In combination with Figure 2 As shown, the cooling assembly 3 comprises a refrigerator 31, a cold shield 32 and a heat-conducting member 33. The cold shield 32 is arranged in the vacuum tank 1 and covers the clamping assembly 2. The refrigerator 31 is arranged on the vacuum tank 1, and the cold head of the refrigerator 31 is connected to the clamping head through the heat-conducting member 33. By arranging the cold shield 32, a low-temperature environment can be provided for the sample 100 to be tested. Compared with cooling in the whole vacuum tank 1, the design can reduce the volume of the low-temperature environment, save the power consumption of the refrigerator 31, and reduce the test cost. By connecting the heat-conducting member 33 to the clamping head, the sample 100 to be tested can be cooled through the clamping head. Compared with the mode in which the cold head of the refrigerator 31 is directly connected to the sample 100 to be tested, the design can not only cool the sample 100 to be tested from both ends of the sample 100 to be tested, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the cooling operation of the sample 100 to be tested, but also save the step of connecting the sample 100 to be tested to the cold head when the sample 100 to be tested is reinstalled, thereby improving the installation efficiency.

[0061] It should be noted that the fixed clamping head 22 can be fixed to the cold shield 32 or fixed to the tank body of the vacuum tank 1 through the cold shield 32.

[0062] Optionally, the refrigerator 31 can be a GM refrigerator in the prior art, which has a faster cooling efficiency.

[0063] Optionally, a temperature sensor is arranged on the clamping head to detect the temperature of the clamping head in real time, so that the temperature of the clamping head matches the temperature in the actual use environment of the sample 100 to be tested, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the test result. In the embodiment, when the refrigerator 31 is working, the temperature of the clamping head can reach 6K-473K. Through system debugging, because the thermal conductivities of the samples 100 to be tested made of different materials are different, when the sample 100 to be tested is a copper piece, the lowest temperature of the sample 100 to be tested can reach 7K; when the sample 100 to be tested is a steel piece, the lowest temperature of the sample 100 to be tested can reach 15K.

[0064] As Figures 1-3 shown, the embodiment further provides a test method based on the low-temperature coupling and stretching device applied to the neutron experiment. The test method comprises the following steps:

[0065] Step S1: fixing the sample 100 to be tested between the two clamping heads of the clamping assembly 2;

[0066] Step S2: starting the cooling assembly 3 to reduce the temperature of the clamping head to a preset temperature;

[0067] Step S3: the loading assembly 4 loads the sample 100 to be tested by the corresponding clamping head;

[0068] Step S4: the compensation assembly 5 drives the vacuum box 1, the clamping assembly 2, the cooling assembly 3 and the loading assembly 4 to move in a direction away from the tensile force, so that the center position of the sample 100 to be tested is always opposite to the neutron beam emission end on the neutron spectrometer;

[0069] Step S5: the neutron beam emission end on the neutron spectrometer emits a neutron beam to the sample 100 to be tested.

[0070] The test method provided by the embodiment can test the tensile performance of the sample 100 to be tested in a low-temperature and vacuum environment by using the low-temperature coupling tensile device for neutron experiments, so as to truly simulate the tensile performance of the sample 100 to be tested in a use environment, and further ensure the accuracy of the test result.

[0071] Optionally, the loading assembly 4 loads the sample 100 to be tested with a load F≤50kN. The loading force range is large, and the tensile performance of the sample 100 to be tested under various loading loads can be realized.

[0072] Optionally, the preset temperature of the clamping head is in a range of 6K-473K, that is, when the cooling assembly 3 is started, the temperature of the clamping head can be reduced to 6K-473K, so as to provide an accurate low-temperature environment for the sample 100 to be tested, and further ensure the accuracy of the test result.

[0073] The above embodiments only illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application, and these changes and modifications all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cryogenic coupling and stretching device for use in neutron experiments, characterized in that, The application relates to a vacuum box (1), a clamping assembly (2) arranged in the vacuum box (1), the clamping assembly (2) comprising two oppositely arranged clamping heads which jointly clamp a sample (100) to be tested, a cooling assembly (3) configured to cool the sample (100) to be tested in the vacuum box (1), a loading assembly (4) with an output end connected to one of the clamping heads, and a compensation assembly (5) with an output end connected to the vacuum box (1) to drive the vacuum box (1), the clamping assembly (2), the cooling assembly (3) and the loading assembly (4) to move in a direction away from a loading force exerted on the sample (100) by the loading assembly (4). The compensation assembly (5) comprises a compensation driving source (51) and a screw-nut transmission structure (52), the output end of the compensation driving source (51) is connected to a screw rod of the screw-nut transmission structure (52), and a nut of the screw-nut transmission structure (52) is connected to the vacuum box (1). The compensation assembly (5) further comprises a support platform (54) for supporting a fixed end of the compensation driving source (51), a sliding platform (55) arranged on the support platform (54), the vacuum box (1) being connected to the sliding platform (55), and the output end of the compensation driving source (51) being connected to the sliding platform (55), and a plurality of support columns (53) arranged in an array between the vacuum box (1) and the sliding platform (55), both ends of each support column (53) being connected to the bottom of the vacuum box (1) and the sliding platform (55) respectively. The compensation assembly (5) further comprises a grating ruler extending along the length direction of the vacuum box (1) and arranged on the support platform (54). The cooling assembly (3) comprises a refrigerator (31), a cold shield (32) and a heat conducting member (33), the cold shield (32) is arranged in the vacuum box (1) and covers the clamping assembly (2), the refrigerator (31) is arranged on the vacuum box (1), and the cold head of the refrigerator (31) is connected to the clamping head through the heat conducting member (33). The loading assembly (4) comprises a loading driving source (41) and a loading shaft (42), the output end of the loading driving source (41) is connected to the loading shaft (42), and one end of the loading shaft (42) away from the loading driving source (41) penetrates through the vacuum box (1) and is connected to the corresponding clamping head. A tension sensor is arranged between the loading shaft (42) and the corresponding clamping head. The vacuum box (1) comprises a box body, a vacuum valve and a vacuum generating system, the box body is provided with a vacuum interface, the vacuum valve is arranged at the vacuum interface, and the vacuum generating system performs vacuumizing operation on the inside of the box body through the vacuum valve. The test method comprises the following steps: ​ ​ 2. The cryogenic coupling and stretching device for neutron experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 3. The cryogenic coupling and stretching device for neutron experiments of claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The cryogenic coupling and stretching device for neutron experiments of claim 1, wherein, ​ 5. The cryogenic coupling and stretching device for neutron experiments of claim 4, wherein, ​ 6. The cryogenic coupling and stretching device for neutron experiments of claim 4, wherein, ​ 7. A testing method based on the cryogenic coupled tensile device for neutron experiments according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, ​ Step S1: fixing the sample (100) to be tested between two clamping heads of a clamping assembly (2); Step S2: starting a cooling assembly (3) to reduce the temperature of the clamping heads to a preset temperature; Step S3: loading the sample (100) to be tested by a corresponding clamping head through a loading assembly (4); Step S4: driving the vacuum box (1), the clamping assembly (2), the cooling assembly (3) and the loading assembly (4) to move away from the tensile force by a compensation assembly (5), so that the center position of the sample (100) to be tested is always opposite to the neutron beam emission end on the neutron spectrometer; Step S5: the neutron beam emission end on the neutron spectrometer emits a neutron beam to the sample (100) to be tested.

8. The test method of claim 7, wherein, The loading assembly (4) loads the sample (100) to be tested with a load F≤50kN; and / or The preset temperature of the clamping head ranges from 6K to 473K.

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