A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering

Abstract

The application discloses a low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering, which comprises a connecting assembly, a heating system and a cooling auxiliary system installed on a furnace body structure. Through the cooperation between the components, the high-temperature environment required for the experiment of the sample to be measured can be provided. Unlike the previous metal foil heating mode, the sample is heated by a laser in the application. Since the laser has the advantage of high energy density, the sample can be heated quickly by the laser, and higher temperature conditions can be provided for the neutron scattering experiment. Moreover, the heating and cooling time can be shortened to meet the experimental requirements. The sample box is designed to hold the sample, so that the form of the sample is not limited, and various forms of samples such as solid, liquid, powder, particles and small blocks can be met, and the application range is wider.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of neutron scattering, and particularly relates to a low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the advantages of magnetic moment, no charge, strong penetration, isotope discrimination and the like of neutrons, and compared with X-rays, neutrons are more sensitive to light elements, therefore, as a characterization means for studying the structure and dynamic characteristics of matter at the atomic and molecular scales, neutron scattering technology plays an irreplaceable role in many fields. In the process of neutron scattering experiments, the corresponding experimental environment is usually set according to the actual application environment of the sample. The neutron scattering experiment under a high-temperature environment can study the thermal stability of materials and the like, and can also provide help for the research and development of ultrahigh-temperature materials, so as to promote the development of related industries. At present, the high-temperature equipment applied in the in-situ measurement of neutron scattering mainly includes three modes of induction heating, laser heating and metal foil element high-temperature furnace. The induction heating equipment is mainly used for in-situ stress and strain experiments, and the highest use temperature is not more than 1300 DEG C. The metal foil element high-temperature furnace is more commonly used, and the heating process is relatively slow, and the highest temperature can reach 1800 DEG C. However, the heating element is seriously worn out when it is long-term placed at 1800 DEG C, so the metal foil element high-temperature furnace usually only provides a high-temperature sample environment of 1600 DEG C and below for neutron scattering experiments. In addition, when the neutrons pass through the metal foil element high-temperature furnace, they need to pass through multiple layers of metal foils including the heat preservation screen and the heating element, and the corresponding stray neutrons or background will inevitably be generated, which affects the detection of the neutron signal. The high-temperature equipment that can provide a sample environment temperature of more than 1600 DEG C is a laser heating suspension furnace, including an electrostatic type and a pneumatic type. During the whole experiment, the sample is continuously rotating, and the rotation is uncontrollable. Therefore, the laser heating suspension furnace has great limitations on the weight and shape change of the sample. In addition, the laser heating suspension adjustment needs to occupy a large amount of time, which is not convenient for the development of experiments. In addition, the laser heating electrostatic suspension furnace needs to be loaded with high-voltage electricity, which is easy to cause a discharge breakdown accident. The strong gas flow of the laser heating pneumatic suspension furnace can interfere with the sample and the temperature, and the control system has a higher requirement. Therefore, the application range of the suspension furnace is relatively small, especially when the sample is in a liquid or powder state and has a light mass, it is difficult to carry out experiments. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a low background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering to solve the problems in the background art; more specifically, the low background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering has the advantages of small influence on neutron signal detection, no limitation on sample shape, fast heating speed, etc., and can meet the user's demand for a sample environmental temperature of 2000 DEG C or higher under high vacuum environment, and the heating method adopts symmetrical arrangement of two lasers for simultaneous heating, therefore, the present application provides a low background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a low background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering, comprising a connecting assembly, a heating system and a cooling auxiliary system installed on a furnace body structure, characterized in that: the furnace body structure comprises a furnace cylinder, an upper cover and a welded disc are sequentially installed on the upper end face of the furnace cylinder through flanges; a sample feeding mechanism which can penetrate the furnace cylinder is installed on the welded disc, one end of the sample feeding mechanism is installed with a sample box in the furnace cylinder, and the other end is clamped on the welded disc outside the furnace cylinder, the sample feeding mechanism moves up and down along the furnace cylinder to drive the sample box to move up and down; the connecting assembly is installed on the welded disc and comprises a vacuum lower connecting pipe, a gas valve lower connecting pipe, a molecular pump lower connecting pipe, a laser lower connecting pipe and a central pipe, wherein the sample box is transported in and out of the furnace cylinder through the central pipe; the heating system is installed on the top of the furnace cylinder and comprises a laser installed on a collimating mirror, an infrared temperature detector and a CCD, and the laser irradiates and heats the sample box.

[0005] The furnace body structure comprises a furnace cylinder, a water cooling jacket fixedly installed outside the upper end and the lower end of the furnace cylinder, a bottom disc fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace cylinder, a hole plate installed at the bottom of the bottom disc, an upper flange installed at the top of the furnace cylinder, an upper cover fixedly installed at the top of the upper flange, a welding disc installed at the top of the upper cover, a sample feeding mechanism arranged at the central position of the furnace body structure, a sample box arranged at the lowermost end of the sample feeding mechanism, a water sealing strip arranged at the side of the flange, a connecting assembly comprising two symmetrically distributed vacuum lower connecting pipes and two gas exhaust valve lower connecting pipes fixedly installed on the welding disc, a molecular pump lower connecting pipe also fixedly installed on the welding disc, three laser lower connecting pipes respectively at 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees also fixedly installed on the welding disc, a central pipe fixedly installed at the center of the welding disc, a sample feeding mechanism installed on the welding disc, a sample box fixedly installed at the bottom of the sample feeding mechanism, a flange plate fixedly installed at the top of the laser lower connecting pipe, a heating system comprising a flange fixing surface fixedly installed on the flange plate, a collimating mirror fixedly installed on the flange fixing surface, a laser and an infrared temperature measuring instrument or a CCD installed on the collimating mirror, a cooling auxiliary system comprising two right-angle water nozzle seats respectively installed on the upper flange and the bottom disc, two water nozzles fixedly installed on the welding disc, a total water inlet nozzle installed on the upper cover, a total water outlet nozzle also installed on the upper cover, an upper water nozzle seat and a lower water nozzle seat respectively installed on the upper side and the lower side of the furnace cylinder, a long water pipe installed between the two right-angle water nozzle seats, and a short water pipe installed between the upper water nozzle seat and the lower water nozzle seat.

[0006] Preferably, the furnace cylinder comprises an upper furnace cylinder, a middle furnace cylinder and a lower furnace cylinder, the upper furnace cylinder is installed with the middle furnace cylinder at the bottom, the middle furnace cylinder is installed with the lower furnace cylinder at the bottom, the lower end of the upper furnace cylinder is provided with a outwardly protruding step, the upper end of the lower furnace cylinder is provided with a outwardly protruding step, the water cooling jacket comprises an upper water cooling jacket welded outside the step of the upper furnace cylinder and a lower water cooling jacket welded outside the step of the lower furnace cylinder, the upper water cooling jacket welded outside the upper furnace cylinder and the upper flange form a closed upper cooling water cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom disc is welded at the lower end of the lower furnace cylinder and the lower water cooling jacket, and the hole plate is welded at the bottom of the bottom disc to form a closed bottom cooling water cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the upper flange is welded at the upper end of the upper furnace cylinder and the upper water cooling jacket to form a closed upper cooling water cavity, and a plurality of high-level special-shaped holes are formed in the inside of the upper flange, a groove is arranged at the side of the upper flange, and a water sealing strip is welded outside the groove.

[0009] Preferably, the upper cover is connected to the upper flange by screws, and a welding disc is welded to the upper cover to form a closed top cooling water cavity, and the upper cover and the welding disc are provided with connecting assemblies of other related devices, and the water inlets and outlets are arranged on the welding disc, and the total water inlets and outlets are arranged on the edge of the upper cover.

[0010] Preferably, the sample feeding mechanism is fixed to the central pipe by a clamp.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting assemblies are welded to the furnace body structure, the angle between the axis of the laser lower connecting pipe and the vertical line is 25°, and the lower end of the laser lower connecting pipe points to the inside of the furnace, the flange disc is different from the common flange, and is designed according to actual needs, and the flange disc is provided with two O-ring grooves and can place a quartz piece thereon, and the infrared temperature measuring instrument and the CCD can be installed on the collimating mirror or the laser lower connecting pipe of the molecular pump which is 180° to the laser lower connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the relative angle and relative position between the long water pipe and the short water pipe can be adjusted according to the scattering dark angle of the spectrometer.

[0013] Preferably, the middle furnace cylinder is a neutron beam window, and the material thereof can be selected according to different needs of neutron scattering experiments, such as aluminum and vanadium, and the wall thickness thereof is very thin to facilitate the penetration of the neutron beam, and to prevent the middle furnace cylinder from being damaged due to the high temperature environment in the furnace, two cooling water circulation flows are arranged on the periphery of the furnace body structure, the first flow is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the top cooling water cavity through a water inlet on the welding disc, and then flows back to the water cooler through another water inlet on the welding disc, and the second flow is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the top cooling water cavity through the total water inlets on the edge of the upper cover, flows into the long water pipe through the high-profile holes in the upper flange, then flows into the bottom cooling water cavity and the lower cooling water cavity, and finally flows into the upper cooling water cavity through the short water pipe, and finally flows out of the laser heating furnace through the total water outlets on the edge of the upper cover through the grooves on the side of the upper flange.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering has the following advantages: the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering of the application adopts two symmetrically arranged lasers to heat the sample simultaneously, and the continuous light output power of the two lasers is adjustable, which has the advantages of fast heating speed, large temperature range and the like, and meets the needs of users of neutron scattering for different temperature ranges; meanwhile, a window for observing the spot shape and measuring the temperature from different positions is reserved, so as to meet various needs of users as much as possible; in addition, the sample box for storing the sample is designed, so that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering of the application has wide applicability and is suitable for liquid samples, solid samples, powder and particle samples and block-shaped samples of various shapes; in addition, the furnace cylinder of the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering of the application can be made of different materials according to needs, for example, the furnace cylinder can be made of aluminum for inelastic neutron scattering experiments, can be made of vanadium for elastic neutron scattering experiments and the like; meanwhile, since the arrangement positions of the neutron detectors on each spectrometer are not completely the same, in order to prevent interference with the neutron detectors, the relative positions and angles of the long water pipe and the short water pipe on the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scene, so that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering is applicable to each spectrometer; finally, two cooling water circulation flows are designed to ensure that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering can work safely and stably, and multiple abnormal alarm signals are designed to improve the safety of the whole system; the infrared temperature measuring instrument and the CCD are respectively used for measuring the temperature of the surface of the sample box and observing the laser spot shape on the sample box, and the two can be arranged on the broken line end face of the collimating mirror or on the lower connection pipe of the laser on the opposite side of the molecular pump; the long water pipe and the short water pipe are respectively located between the two right-angle water nozzle seats and between the upper and lower water nozzle seats, and the relative angle and position between the two can be adjusted according to the scattering dark angle of the spectrometer; when in use, the power of the laser can be adjusted according to actual needs; the first route is that the cooling water from the water nozzle on the welding disc flows into the top cooling water cavity, and then returns to the cooling water machine from the other water nozzle on the welding disc; the second route is that the cooling water from the total water inlet nozzle at the edge of the upper cover flows into the long water pipe through the advanced special-shaped hole in the upper flange, and then enters the bottom cooling water cavity and the lower cooling water cavity in sequence, and finally enters the upper cooling water cavity through the short water pipe, and finally leaves the laser heating furnace through the total water outlet nozzle at the edge of the upper cover; the long water pipe is provided with upper and lower straight-angle water nozzle seats. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the furnace body structure of the application;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a top view of the furnace body structure of the application;

[0017] Figure 3 A-A is a sectional view of the present application Figure 2 A-A is a sectional view of the present application

[0018] Figure 4 B-B is a sectional view of the present application Figure 2 B-B is a sectional view of the present application

[0019] Figure 5 A sectional view of the laser flange of the present application

[0020] Figure 6 A sectional view of the laser flange of the present application

[0021] In the figure: 1, furnace body structure; 2, connecting assembly; 3, heating system; 4, cooling auxiliary system; 5, upper cooling water cavity; 6, lower cooling water cavity; 7, bottom cooling water cavity; 8, top cooling water cavity; 10, furnace cylinder; 11, water cooling jacket; 12, bottom plate; 13, orifice plate; 14, upper flange; 15, upper cover; 16, welding disc; 17, sample feeding mechanism; 18, sample box; 19, water sealing strip; 20, vacuum lower connecting pipe; 21, air release valve lower connecting pipe; 22, molecular pump lower connecting pipe; 23, laser lower connecting pipe; 24, center pipe; 25, flange; 30, flange fixing surface; 31, collimating mirror; 32, laser; 33, infrared temperature measuring instrument; 34, CCD; 40, right-angle water nozzle seat; 41, water nozzle; 42, total water inlet nozzle; 43, total water outlet nozzle; 44, upper water nozzle seat; 45, lower water nozzle seat; 46, long water pipe; 47, short water pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-6The application provides the following technical scheme: a low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering, comprising a connecting assembly 2, a heating system 3 and a cooling auxiliary system 4 installed on a furnace body structure 1, wherein the furnace body structure 1 comprises a furnace cylinder 10, an upper cover 15 and a welded disc 16 sequentially installed on the upper end face of the furnace cylinder 10 through a flange 14; the welded disc 16 is provided with a sample feeding mechanism 17 capable of penetrating the furnace cylinder 10, the sample feeding mechanism 17 is arranged at the central position of the furnace cylinder 10, one end of the sample feeding mechanism 17 is provided with a sample box 18 in the furnace cylinder 10, and the other end of the sample feeding mechanism 17 is oppositely clamped on the welded disc 16 outside the furnace cylinder 10, the sample feeding mechanism 17 drives the sample box 18 to move up and down along with the furnace cylinder 10; the connecting assembly 2 is installed on the welded disc 16 and comprises a vacuum lower connecting pipe 20, a gas exhaust valve lower connecting pipe 21, a molecular pump lower connecting pipe 22, a laser lower connecting pipe 23 and a central pipe 24, wherein the sample box 18 is transported in and out of the furnace cylinder 10 through the central pipe 24; the heating system 3 is installed on the top of the furnace cylinder 10 and comprises a laser 32 installed on a collimating mirror 31, an infrared temperature measuring instrument 33 and a CCD 34, and the laser 32 irradiates and heats the sample box 18.

[0024] A low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering is described below by specific embodiments, which includes a furnace body structure 1, a connecting assembly 2, a heating system 3 and a cooling auxiliary system 4. The furnace body structure 1 includes a furnace cylinder 10, a water cooling jacket 11 fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper and lower ends of the furnace cylinder 10, a bottom disc 12 fixedly installed at the bottom of the furnace cylinder 10, a hole plate 13 installed at the bottom of the bottom disc 12, an upper flange 14 installed at the top of the furnace cylinder 10, an upper cover 15 fixedly installed at the top of the upper flange 14, a welding disc 16 installed at the top of the upper cover 15, a sample feeding mechanism 17 arranged at the center position of the furnace body structure 1, a sample box 18 arranged at the lowermost end of the sample feeding mechanism 17, a water sealing strip 19 arranged on the side of the upper flange 14, the connecting assembly 2 includes two symmetrically distributed vacuum lower connecting pipes 20 and two gas exhaust valve lower connecting pipes 21 fixedly installed on the welding disc 16, a molecular pump lower connecting pipe 22 also fixedly installed on the welding disc 16, three laser lower connecting pipes 23 respectively at 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees also fixedly installed on the welding disc 16, a center pipe 24 fixedly installed at the center of the welding disc 16, the sample feeding mechanism 17 installed on the welding disc 16, the sample box 18 fixedly installed at the bottom of the sample feeding mechanism 17 to hold samples, a flange fixing surface 30 fixedly installed on the flange disc 25, a collimating mirror 31 fixedly installed on the flange fixing surface 30, a laser 32 and an infrared temperature measuring instrument 33 or a CCD 34 installed on the collimating mirror 31, the cooling auxiliary system 4 includes two right-angle water nozzle seats 40 respectively installed on the upper flange 14 and the bottom disc 12, two water nozzles 41 fixedly installed on the welding disc 16, a total water inlet nozzle 42 installed on the upper cover 15, a total water outlet nozzle 43 also installed on the upper cover 15, an upper water nozzle seat 44 and a lower water nozzle seat 45 respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the furnace cylinder 10, a long water pipe 46 installed between the two right-angle water nozzle seats 40, and a short water pipe 47 installed between the upper and lower water nozzle seats 44 and 45.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4, the furnace cylinder 10 comprises upper furnace cylinder 101 and middle furnace cylinder 102 and lower furnace cylinder 103, the bottom of the upper furnace cylinder 101 is provided with the middle furnace cylinder 102, the bottom of the middle furnace cylinder 102 is provided with the lower furnace cylinder 103, the lower end of the upper furnace cylinder 101 is provided with a step protruding outward, the upper end of the lower furnace cylinder 103 is provided with a step protruding outward, the water cooling jacket 11 comprises the upper water cooling jacket 111 welded on the outside of the step of the upper furnace cylinder 101 and the lower water cooling jacket 112 welded on the outside of the step of the lower furnace cylinder 103, the outside of the upper furnace cylinder 101 is welded with the upper water cooling jacket 111, and the upper flange 14 is used to form a closed upper cooling water cavity 5, the outside of the lower furnace cylinder 103 is welded with the lower water cooling jacket 112, and the bottom disc 12 is used to form a closed lower cooling water cavity 6, the upper and lower cooling water cavities 6 are designed to facilitate the cooling of the furnace cylinder, so that the heat transferred by the furnace cylinder wall can be taken away by the cooling water in time, and the furnace cylinder is not damaged, the lower end of the upper water cooling jacket 111 is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the upper end of the lower water cooling jacket 112 is provided with a cooling water outlet, so that the cooling water can leave the lower cooling water cavity 6 from the outlet, enter the upper cooling water cavity 5 through the short water pipe 47, and the upper and lower ends of the short water pipe 47 are connected with the upper water nozzle seat 44 and the lower water nozzle seat 45 welded at the inlet and the outlet respectively, so that the cooling water can flow smoothly, and water leakage is prevented. The axial center line of the middle furnace cylinder 102 and the axial center line of the sample box 18 are at the same horizontal height as the neutron beam flow, and the height of the middle furnace cylinder 102 is determined by the vertical scattering angle, and in the embodiment, the vertical scattering angle is 66°-67°.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the bottom disc 12 is welded at the lower end of the lower furnace cylinder 103 and the lower water cooling jacket 112, and the bottom of the bottom disc 12 is welded with an annular hole plate 13 to form a closed bottom cooling water cavity 7, in addition, a conical hole is arranged at the center position of the bottom of the bottom disc 12, which is used for positioning and fixing the laser heating furnace at a specified position of a large scientific device.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the upper flange 14 is welded at the upper end of the upper furnace cylinder 101 and the upper water cooling jacket 111 to form a closed upper cooling water cavity 5, and a plurality of high-profile holes are arranged in the upper flange 14, and a groove is arranged on the side surface of the upper flange 14, and a water sealing strip 19 is welded outside the groove, so that the cooling water can flow in and out, and good cooling of the laser heating furnace is realized.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-6The upper cover 15 is connected to the upper flange by screws, and the welding disc 16 is welded to the upper cover 15 to form a closed top cooling water cavity 8. The upper cover 15 and the welding disc 16 are provided with connecting assemblies 2 of other related devices. The water nozzles 41 for the inflow and outflow of cooling water are arranged on the welding disc 16, and the total water inlet nozzle 42 and the total water outlet nozzle 43 of the cooling water are arranged on the edge of the upper cover. The cooling water circulation of the whole laser heating furnace is divided into two paths. The first path is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the top cooling water cavity 8 from one water nozzle 41 on the welding disc 16, and then returns to the water cooler from another water nozzle 41 on the welding disc 16. The second path is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the total water inlet nozzle 42 on the edge of the upper cover 15, flows into the long water pipe 46 through the high-profile hole in the inside of the upper flange 14, and then enters the bottom cooling water cavity 7 and the lower cooling water cavity 6 in sequence. After that, the cooling water enters the upper cooling water cavity 5 through the short water pipe 47, and finally leaves the laser heating furnace through the total water outlet nozzle 43 on the edge of the upper cover 15 from the upper flange. The long water pipe 46 is provided with a right-angle water nozzle seat 40 at the upper end and the lower end.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The sample delivery mechanism 17 is fixed between the center pipe 24 by a clamp, and the sample is contained in the sample box 18 and delivered into the furnace through the inside of the center pipe 24 by the sample delivery mechanism 17, which is convenient for loading and unloading. Since the sample can be contained in the sample box 18 and delivered into the furnace for heating, the shape of the sample is not limited, and the applicability is wide.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 2-6 The connecting assemblies 2 are connected to the furnace body structure 1 by welding, wherein the included angle between the axis of the laser lower connecting pipe 23 and the vertical line is 25°, and the lower end thereof points to the furnace. The flange disc 25 is different from the common flange, and is designed according to actual needs. The quartz sheet can be placed on the flange disc 25, and two circles of O-ring grooves are arranged on the flange disc 25. The infrared temperature measuring instrument 33 and the CCD 34 can be installed on the collimating mirror 31, or can be installed on the laser lower connecting pipe 23 which is 180° to the molecular pump lower connecting pipe 22, so as to ensure that there is no obstruction in the laser incident light path, and the laser can be well incident on the sample box. The wires of the connecting assemblies other than the laser lower connecting pipe 23 are parallel to the vertical line. In addition, the flange disc 25 is connected to the laser by bolts, and the rest are connected to the molecular pump, the vacuum gauge and other related devices by clamps, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The relative angle and relative position between the long water pipe 46 and the short water pipe 47 can be adjusted according to the scattering dark angle of the spectrometer.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-6The middle furnace cylinder 102 is a neutron beam window, and its material can be selected according to the needs of different neutron scattering experiments, such as aluminum, vanadium, etc., and its wall thickness is very thin to facilitate the neutron beam to pass in and out. In order to prevent it from being damaged due to the high temperature environment in the furnace, the outer periphery of the furnace body structure 1 is provided with two-way cooling water circulation flow, the first way is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the top cooling water cavity 8 from a water nozzle 41 on the welded disc 16, and then returns to the water cooler from another water nozzle 41 on the welded disc 16; the second way is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the total water inlet nozzle 42 at the edge of the upper cover 15, flows into the long water pipe 46 through the advanced special-shaped hole inside the upper flange 14, and then enters the bottom cooling water cavity 7 and the lower cooling water cavity 6 in turn, and finally enters the upper cooling water cavity 5 through the short water pipe 47, and finally leaves the laser heating furnace through the total water outlet nozzle 43 at the edge of the upper cover 15 through the groove on the side of the upper flange 14.

[0033] In the specific embodiment of the present application, two symmetrical laser devices with a maximum power of 500 W are used to heat the sample simultaneously, and the continuous light output power of the two laser devices is adjustable. In the embodiment, a fiber laser is used, which has the advantages of fast heating speed, large temperature range and the like, and meets the needs of neutron scattering users for different temperature ranges. At the same time, a window for observing the spot shape and measuring the temperature from different positions is reserved to meet various needs of users as much as possible. In addition, a sample box for storing the sample is designed, so that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering has wide applicability, and is suitable for liquid samples, solid samples, powder, granular samples and various shaped samples. In addition, the furnace cylinder of the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering can be made of different materials according to needs, such as an aluminum furnace cylinder for inelastic neutron scattering experiments, a vanadium furnace cylinder for elastic neutron scattering experiments, and the like. At the same time, since the arrangement positions of the neutron detectors on each spectrometer are not completely the same, in order to prevent interference with the neutron detectors, the relative positions and angles of the long water pipe and the short water pipe on the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scene, so that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering is applicable to each spectrometer. Finally, two cooling water circulation flows are designed to ensure that the low-background steady-state laser heating furnace for neutron scattering can work safely and stably. At the same time, a plurality of abnormal alarm signals are designed to improve the safety of the whole system. The infrared temperature measuring instrument and the CCD are respectively used to measure the temperature of the surface of the sample box and observe the laser spot shape on the sample box. The two can be arranged on the broken line end face of the collimating mirror, or on the lower connection pipe of the laser device opposite to the molecular pump. The long water pipe and the short water pipe are respectively located between the two right-angle water nozzle seats and between the upper and lower water nozzle seats, and the relative angle and position between the two can be adjusted according to the scattering dark angle of the spectrometer. The two laser devices are fiber lasers, and the maximum continuous light output power of the two laser devices is 500 W. The power of the laser device can be adjusted according to actual needs during use. The first path is that the cooling water from the water nozzle on the welding disc flows into the top cooling water cavity, and then returns to the cooling water machine from the other water nozzle on the welding disc. The second path is that the cooling water from the total water inlet nozzle at the edge of the upper cover flows into the long water pipe through the advanced special-shaped hole in the upper flange, and then enters the bottom cooling water cavity and the lower cooling water cavity in sequence, and finally enters the upper cooling water cavity through the short water pipe, and finally leaves the laser heating furnace through the total water outlet nozzle at the edge of the upper cover. The long water pipe is provided with upper and lower straight-angle water nozzle seats.

[0034] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and adaptions can be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement described. It is intended, therefore, to cover all modifications and adaptions that fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering, comprising a connection assembly (2), a heating system (3) and a cooling auxiliary system (4) mounted on a furnace body structure (1), characterized in that: The furnace body structure (1) comprises a furnace cylinder (10), the upper end face of the furnace cylinder (10) is sequentially provided with an upper cover (15) and a welding disc (16) through a flange (14); a sample feeding mechanism (17) which can pass through the inside and outside of the furnace cylinder (10) is arranged on the welding disc (16), one end of the sample feeding mechanism (17) is provided with a sample box (18) in the furnace cylinder (10), and the other end of the sample feeding mechanism (17) is clamped on the welding disc (16) outside the furnace cylinder (10); the sample feeding mechanism (17) drives the sample box (18) to move up and down along with the furnace cylinder (10); the connecting assembly (2) is arranged on the welding disc (16) and comprises a vacuum lower connecting pipe (20), a gas valve lower connecting pipe (21), a molecular pump lower connecting pipe (22), a laser lower connecting pipe (23) and a central pipe (24), wherein the sample feeding mechanism (17) is arranged in the central pipe (24) to realize the feeding of the sample box (18) in and out of the furnace cylinder (10); the heating system (3) is arranged on the top of the furnace cylinder (10) and comprises a laser (32) arranged on a collimating mirror (31), an infrared temperature measuring instrument (33) and a CCD (34), the laser (32) is arranged to irradiate and heat the sample box (18); the outer sides of the upper end and the lower end of the furnace cylinder (10) are fixedly provided with water cooling jackets (11), the sample feeding mechanism (17) is arranged at the central position of the furnace cylinder (10), the bottom of the furnace cylinder (10) is fixedly provided with a bottom disc (12), the bottom of the bottom disc (12) is provided with a hole plate (13), and the side of the flange (14) is provided with a water sealing strip (19); the connecting assembly (2) comprises two symmetrically arranged vacuum lower connecting pipes (20) and two gas valve lower connecting pipes (21) which are fixedly arranged on the welding disc (16), the welding disc (16) is further fixedly provided with a molecular pump lower connecting pipe (22), and the welding disc (16) is further fixedly provided with three laser lower connecting pipes (23) which are arranged at 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees, respectively; the cooling auxiliary system (4) comprises two right-angle water nozzle bases (40) which are arranged on the upper flange (14) and the bottom disc (12), respectively, the welding disc (16) is fixedly provided with two water nozzles (41), the upper cover (15) is provided with a total water inlet nozzle (42), the upper cover (15) is further provided with a total water outlet nozzle (43), the upper and lower sides of the furnace cylinder (10) are respectively provided with an upper water nozzle base (44) and a lower water nozzle base (45), and the two right-angle water nozzle bases (40) are provided with a long water pipe (46) and the upper and lower water nozzle bases (44, 45) are provided with a short water pipe (47).

2. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the furnace body structure (1) is provided with two cooling water circulation flows, the first flow is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the top cooling water cavity (8) from a water nozzle (41) on the welding disc (16), and then returns to the water cooler from another water nozzle (41) on the welding disc (16); the second flow is that the cooling water from the water cooler flows into the upper cover (15) from the total water inlet nozzle (42) at the edge of the upper cover (15), flows into the long water pipe (46) through the advanced special-shaped hole in the upper flange (14), then enters the bottom cooling water cavity (7) and the lower cooling water cavity (6) in sequence, and finally enters the upper cooling water cavity (5) through the short water pipe (47), and finally leaves the laser heating furnace through the total water outlet nozzle (43) at the edge of the upper cover (15) through the groove on the side of the upper flange (14).

3. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 1, wherein: The furnace cylinder (10) comprises an upper furnace cylinder (101), a middle furnace cylinder (102) and a lower furnace cylinder (103), the bottom of the upper furnace cylinder (101) is provided with the middle furnace cylinder (102), the bottom of the middle furnace cylinder (102) is provided with the lower furnace cylinder (103), the lower end of the upper furnace cylinder (101) is provided with a step protruding outward, and the upper end of the lower furnace cylinder (103) is provided with a step protruding outward.

4. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 3, wherein: The outer side of the upper furnace cylinder (101) is welded with an upper water cooling jacket (111), and the upper flange (14) and the upper water cooling jacket (111) form a closed upper cooling water cavity (5).

5. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 3, wherein: The outer side of the lower furnace cylinder (103) is welded with a lower water cooling jacket (112), and the lower water cooling jacket (112) and the bottom disc (12) form a closed lower cooling water cavity (6).

6. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom disc (12) is welded at the lower end of the lower furnace cylinder (103) and the lower water cooling jacket (112), and the bottom disc (12) is welded with an annular hole plate (13) at the bottom, forming a closed bottom cooling water cavity (7).

7. A low-background steady-state laser-heated furnace for neutron scattering according to claim 1, wherein: The upper cover (15) is connected to the upper flange (14) by screws, and the welding disc (16) is welded to the upper cover (15), forming a closed top cooling water cavity (8).

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