High-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterials and preparation methods

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. The nanomaterial is zinc sulfide or cadmium sulfide. The preparation method of the nanomaterial comprises the following steps: adding 0.001-0.002g of a surfactant to 20-50ml of water with a live bacteria content of 10,000-20,000 / ml, heating the mixture to 80-90°C, cooling the mixture to room temperature, adding 0.02-0.027g of a sulfur source, and stirring and mixing the mixture to obtain a material A; dissolving 0.1-0.3g of a zinc source or a sulfide source in 30-50ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.001-0.002g of a surfactant, and then adding 1-2mg of trypsin, stirring and mixing the mixture to obtain a material B; adding 2-4ml of octanol to the material A, mixing the mixture to obtain a mixed solution, and then allowing the mixture to stand, and dropwise adding 10ml of the mixed solution. 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and material B are added dropwise for 5-8 min. After the addition is completed, the mixture is filtered, washed with water, washed with alcohol, and dried to obtain a nanomaterial. The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and the method is not only applicable to zinc sulfide, but also to cadmium elements in the same family as zinc, thereby expanding the scope of application of the method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nanomaterials, and in particular to a high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The controllable synthesis of nanomaterials has always been a difficult problem that restricts the preparation and application of nanomaterials. During the growth process of nanomaterials, different reagents, ions and proportions will hinder or promote the directional growth of nanoparticles. Therefore, in order to obtain nanomaterials with ideal structures, it is necessary to design various different synthesis routes and select appropriate reaction processes. However, no matter how the preparation is carried out, as long as the synthesized nanomaterials change, the original synthesis route will no longer be able to synthesize specific nanostructures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial and a preparation method thereof, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial, wherein the nanomaterial is zinc sulfide or cadmium sulfide.

[0006] Preferably, the nanomaterial is starfish-shaped.

[0007] The method for preparing the above-mentioned nanomaterial comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, adding 0.001-0.002g of a surfactant to 20-50ml of water with a live bacteria content of 10,000-20,000 / ml to make the solution into an emulsion state, and heating to 80-90°C to kill the live bacteria and stop their growth. The solution is then cooled to room temperature to re-form an emulsion, and then 0.02-0.027g of a sulfur source is added. After stirring and mixing, material A is obtained. Material A has an actinomycete micro-reaction system formed by coating latex particles;

[0009] S2, dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of a zinc source or a barrier source in 30-50 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.001-0.002 g of a surfactant, then adding 1-2 mg of trypsin, and stirring to mix evenly to obtain material B. The +2-valent transition metal element contained in material B can bind to the surface of the trypsin and is simultaneously coated by the latex particles formed by the surfactant;

[0010] S3, add 2-4ml octanol to material A, mix well, obtain mixed solution, octanol can increase the solution viscosity in material A, and octanol has a longer alkyl chain, can guide, regulate the growth of nanomaterials, then stand, and drip 10ml 0.2mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and material B into the mixed solution, the dropping time is 5-8min, after the dropwise addition is complete, stand and react for 30-60min, filter, wash with water, wash with alcohol, dry, obtain nanomaterials. During the reaction, sodium hydroxide decomposes the thiourea in material A to produce divalent sulfur, divalent sulfur and actinomycete cells with zinc or trypsin, so that the formed sulfide nanomaterial grows around the actinomycete cells, and under the regulation of octanol in the solution and the template effect of the cell, the growth of starfish-shaped structure is achieved.

[0011] Preferably, the surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0012] Preferably, the live bacteria are actinomycetes.

[0013] Preferably, the actinomycete is Nocardia brasiliensis.

[0014] Preferably, the sulfur source is thiourea.

[0015] Preferably, the zinc source is zinc chloride, and the cadmium source is cadmium chloride.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following implementation effects: the method of the present invention uses biological protease and actinomycetes to regulate the growth of cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide, thereby achieving control of the starfish-shaped nanostructures of zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide, and the method is not only applicable to zinc sulfide, but also to cadmium elements in the same family as zinc, thereby expanding the scope of application of the method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of zinc sulfide prepared in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the vulcanized separator prepared in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] To 50 ml of water containing 10,000 Nocardia brasiliensis bacteria / ml, 0.001 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to make the solution into an emulsion state, and the solution was heated to 90°C to kill the live bacteria and stop their growth. The solution was then cooled to room temperature and the solution reformed into an emulsion. 0.02 g of thiourea was then added and stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain material A, which had an actinomycete microreaction system formed by coating latex particles.

[0022] 0.16 g of zinc chloride was dissolved in 30 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.0015 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and then 1.5 mg of trypsin was added and stirred to mix evenly to obtain material B. The +2-valent transition metal element contained in material B can be bound to the surface of trypsin and is wrapped by the latex particles formed by the surfactant.

[0023] Add 2 ml of octanol to material A and mix well to obtain a mixed solution. Octanol can increase the solution viscosity in material A. At the same time, octanol has a long alkyl chain, which can guide and regulate the growth of nanomaterials. Then, let it stand and add 10 ml of 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and material B dropwise to the mixed solution. The addition time is 6 minutes. After the addition is completed, let it stand and react for 40 minutes. After filtration, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying, zinc sulfide nanomaterials are obtained. The scanning electron microscope image is as shown Figure 1 As shown, the zinc sulfide nanomaterial has irregular edges, a starfish-shaped overall structure, high dispersion, and irregular particles with a particle size of 10-15 nm on the surface. The particle size of the entire zinc sulfide nanoparticle is about 230 nm, indicating that the zinc sulfide nanomaterial is formed by the accumulation and growth of small zinc sulfide nanoparticles.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] To 20 ml of water containing 15,000 Nocardia brasiliensis bacteria / ml, 0.002 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added to make the solution into an emulsion state, and the solution was heated to 90°C to kill the live bacteria and stop their growth. The solution was then cooled to room temperature and the solution reformed into an emulsion. 0.027 g of thiourea was then added and stirred and mixed to obtain material A. Material A has an actinomycete microreaction system formed by coating latex particles.

[0026] 0.3 g of cadmium chloride was dissolved in 50 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.0015 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and then 2 mg of trypsin was added and stirred to mix evenly to obtain material B. The +2-valent transition metal element contained in material B can be bound to the surface of trypsin and is wrapped by the latex particles formed by the surfactant.

[0027] Add 4 ml of octanol to material A and mix well to obtain a mixed solution. Octanol can increase the solution viscosity in material A. At the same time, octanol has a long alkyl chain, which can guide and regulate the growth of nanomaterials. Then, let it stand and drop 10 ml of 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and material B into the mixed solution. The addition time is 8 min. After the addition is completed, let it stand for 30 min. After filtering, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying, cadmium sulfide nanomaterials are obtained. Figure 2 As shown, the surface and edge of cadmium sulfide are relatively smooth, the overall structure is starfish-shaped, the dispersion is high, and the particle size of the entire nanoparticle is about 90 nanometers.

[0028] Comparative Example 1

[0029] The difference from Example 1 is that the surfactant is replaced by trimethylhexadecylammonium bromide, and the prepared zinc sulfide is randomly distributed in the shape of rods and particles, and is mainly in the shape of rods.

[0030] Comparative Example 2

[0031] The difference from Example 1 is that Nocardia brasiliensis is replaced by Micromonospora rubrum, and the prepared zinc sulfide is randomly distributed in the shape of rods and particles, and is mainly nanoparticles.

[0032] Comparative Example 3

[0033] The difference from Example 1 is that octanol is replaced by n-hexanol, and the prepared zinc sulfide is randomly distributed in the shape of rods and particles, and is mainly in the shape of rods.

[0034] Comparative Example 4

[0035] The difference from Example 1 is that the amount of trypsin added is 0, and the prepared zinc sulfide is randomly distributed in the shape of rods and particles, and is mainly in the shape of rods.

[0036] Comparative Example 5

[0037] The difference from Example 1 is that thiourea is replaced by thioacetamide, and the prepared zinc sulfide is randomly distributed in the shape of rods and particles, and is mainly nanoparticles.

[0038] By comparing the structures of the zinc sulfide of Comparative Examples 1-5 with the zinc sulfide of Example 1, it can be clearly seen that the components of the raw materials of the present invention play a key role in the formation of the starfish-like structure.

[0039] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing sulfide nanomaterials with high efficiency and low cost, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, add 0.001-0.002g of surfactant to 20-50ml of water with a viable bacteria content of 10,000-20,000 / ml, heat to 80-90°C, cool to room temperature, add 0.02-0.027g of sulfur source, stir and mix well to obtain material A; S2, dissolving 0.1-0.3 g of a zinc source or a diatom source in 30-50 ml of an aqueous solution containing 0.001-0.002 g of a surfactant, then adding 1-2 mg of trypsin, stirring and mixing, to obtain material B; S3, add 2-4 ml of octanol to material A, mix well to obtain a mixed solution, then let it stand, and add 10 ml of 0.2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and material B dropwise to the mixed solution for 5-8 minutes. After the addition is complete, filter, wash with water, wash with alcohol, and dry to obtain a nanomaterial, wherein; The surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; The live bacteria are actinomycetes, and the actinomycetes are Nocardia; The sulfur source is thiourea; The zinc source is zinc chloride, and the cadmium source is cadmium chloride.

2. A high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial, which is prepared by the method for preparing the high-efficiency and low-cost sulfide nanomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano material is zinc sulfide or cadmium sulfide, and the nano material is starfish-shaped.

Images