A method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface

Abstract

A method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface comprises the following steps: step 1: installing a main support column; step 2: establishing a temporary support system; step 3: establishing a compression side beam; step 4: establishing a lateral stabilizing support; step 5: establishing a blade diameter strut; step 6: hoisting a grid frame component; step 7: constructing a blade surface concrete structure; step 8: establishing an upper side beam; and step 9: removing a temporary support. The method uses hexagonal long box-shaped column supports as the force-bearing system for the entire structure, and uses auxiliary supports to improve the overall stability, thereby effectively solving the internal forces and deformations of the structure. The method uses a construction method of "hoisting in blocks + patching with scattered parts at high altitude" to ensure assembly quality, safety, and construction progress. The method has a modern aesthetic, and the deformation of the grid frame caused by gravity acting on the support is small, and the overall stability of the frame is high. The method can ensure load stability without the need for a large number of bracket supports, greatly reducing investment and saving costs. The method can be widely used in the installation of large-scale special-shaped grid structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface. Background Art

[0002] With socioeconomic development and deepening urbanization, buildings are becoming increasingly diversified in terms of function and materials. Large-span grid structures, a commonly used technology, offer excellent advantages such as flexible spatial layout, lightweight materials, high rigidity, excellent seismic resistance, and simple construction and installation. They are widely used as load-bearing structures in roofs of stadiums, exhibition halls, restaurants, waiting rooms, warehouses, and single-story, multi-span industrial plants. While people pursue large volumes and large spaces, the emergence of an increasing number of large-span, irregularly shaped buildings is becoming a sought-after aesthetic. However, these complex shapes pose significant challenges to installation procedures, precision requirements, and safety. How to effectively apply steel grid construction techniques to better ensure the mechanical stability of irregularly curved spaces while also expanding building functionality is a pressing issue in the field of large-span spatial structures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface, comprising:

[0005] Step 1: Install the main support columns: Install the box-type support columns in sections. After installation, set up a full-floor operating scaffolding on the ground to the installation height of each section of the support columns. Each section of the support columns is filled with self-compacting concrete.

[0006] Step 2, temporary support system: Set up a temporary lattice support frame on the ground according to the installation height of the grid beam side beam and the bottom coordinate point in the preset area, and set transverse connecting rods and cables on the temporary support frame to fix it;

[0007] Step 3: Install the compression side beams: Install the side beams in sections on both sides of the box-type support columns. Use diagonal bracing to secure the side beams to the civil engineering structure. Perform precise three-dimensional positioning of all side beam components and mark the positioning points. Each component must have at least two positioning points, and all positioning points must not be in the same straight line.

[0008] Step 4: Lateral stabilizing support installation: Install lateral stabilizing support steel beams at equal intervals on one side of the main structure. The stabilizing support steel beams are hinged to the embedded steel plates on the main structure.

[0009] Step 5: Install the blade diameter support rod: The blade diameter support rod is connected and fixed to the box-type support column using connecting steel components;

[0010] Step 6: Hoisting of grid components: The grid components are composed of seamless pipes and channel steel components. Before installation, check the axis and elevation of the grid support side beam components according to step 3 and set up a full-floor scaffolding. Arrange the position and elevation of each support point. Use a tower crane to hoist and weld the seamless pipes of the grid beams in blocks and sections from bottom to top. Then install the upper channel steel components in a single piece.

[0011] Step 7, blade surface concrete structure construction: The upper blade surface plate 12 is made of concrete, which is cut according to the 3D software model and laid out according to the straight generatrix of the hyperbolic surface. The template extracts the length of the main rib according to the bending edge, and then the steel pipe main rib is made according to the predetermined curve shape. The secondary rib is fixedly connected to the steel pipe with wooden planks, and the upper blade side beam is supported by H-shaped steel.

[0012] Step 8: Install the upper side beams: The upper side beams 14 are hoisted and welded in sections onto the H-beam supports. The upper side beams 14 are first welded to the blade-diameter struts 7, and then the beams are symmetrically welded to the H-beam supports 13 in sections from top to bottom. The beam-to-beam joints are welded in a coordinated manner, with measurement and tracking performed for calibration. When welding to the end, the lower and upper side beams are installed according to the curved surface, and concrete is poured to connect to the main structure.

[0013] Step 9, temporary support removal: According to the layout of the temporary support, unload the support in sections synchronously during unloading, cut the small tires on the top of the support in strips, and control the height △H of each cutting until the structure no longer produces downward displacement after completing a certain step of cutting, and then remove the support.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 1, hexagonal long box-shaped support columns filled with concrete are used as the main load-bearing system of the entire structure.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, H-shaped steel beams are used between the tops of the temporary support frames in step 2 as support frames for each segment of the main beam.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 3, all components are laid out according to the model, and are three-dimensionally positioned and marked using a total station to ensure component installation accuracy.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 4, a lateral stabilizing steel support is provided, and an articulated manner is used to improve the overall stability of the steel beam.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 6, the grid members are composed of seamless pipes and channel steels, which effectively ensures the transition of the structural system construction process.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 8, a combined beam is used to form a connected whole, thereby reducing the lateral constraint of the flange, avoiding lateral torsion, and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height ΔH of each cutting in step 9 is controlled to be 5 to 10 mm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) Using the triangular stability principle, the box-type support columns are poured with concrete as the main load-bearing system of the entire structure. The auxiliary corner supports improve the overall stability of the support system and can effectively reduce the deformation of the structural steel beams caused by their own weight. It can be widely used in the support system of various large-span steel beams.

[0023] (2) The hyperbolic blade surface is positioned by three-dimensional lofting. The points on the blade surface are positioned on the ground and then lofted to form grid lines, which are mapped to the plane to achieve accurate positioning of the coordinate system. Steel pipe supports are set up on the positioning lines. The height of the steel pipe is positioned according to the Z coordinate of the curved surface, and the curvature is accurate.

[0024] (3) The large-span spatial grid adopts seamless steel pipes, which are easier to install than bolt-ball nodes. It is beautiful and practical, and only requires ordinary construction lifting machinery to complete the lifting. The spatial structure can be flexible and changeable.

[0025] (4) The shape can be adjusted according to design requirements, and the visual impact effect is more artistic. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the support column installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of temporary support erection according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation of the compression edge beam according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of lateral stabilization support according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the blade diameter support rod according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the embedded steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation of the grid structure according to the embodiment of the present invention

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the blade concrete structure according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the installation of the upper side beam according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the frame after dismantling according to the embodiment of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0038] As a specific embodiment of the present invention: A method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface, the structure of which is a grid beam, adopts the "block hoisting + high-altitude loose parts patching" construction method, the upper blade surface is made of concrete, and the construction is carried out according to the hyperbolic straight generatrix, including the following basic steps:

[0039] Step 1: Support column installation - such as Figure 1 As shown, according to the positioning of the support column foot, the box-type support column 1 is installed in sections. After the installation is completed, a full-floor operating scaffolding 2 is set up on the ground to the installation height of each section of the box-type support column 1. Each section of the box-type support column 1 is poured with self-compacting concrete; the concrete pouring is carried out in the form of a hopper and a tower crane and assisted by vibration. After each section of the construction procedure is completed, the next section of the support column is installed.

[0040] Step 2: Temporary support erection - such as Figure 2As shown, the assembly site is leveled and a temporary lattice support frame 4 is erected on the ground based on the installation height of the grid beam side beams and the bottom coordinate points within the preset area. To ensure the stability of the temporary support frame 4, transverse connecting rods and guy ropes are installed on the temporary support frame 4 for fixing. H-shaped steel beams are used between the tops of the temporary support frame 4 as support cradles for each main beam segment.

[0041] Step 3: Installation of compression edge beams - e.g. Figure 2 As shown, based on the SolidWorks model's bending and torsion lofting, grid surface shaping, and component segmentation, side beams 3 were hoisted in sections on both sides. Diagonal braces were used to secure side beams 3 to the civil structure. All side beam components required precise three-dimensional positioning using a total station. Each component required at least two positioning points, all of which were not collinear. These points were clearly marked on the component's surface for easy observation.

[0042] Step 4: Lateral stabilization support installation - such as Figure 3 As shown, when the grid beams are used to form the structure, the beams have a lateral constraint effect. In order to improve the overall stable bearing capacity of the supporting steel beams, lateral stable support steel beams 5 ( Figure 4 ), the stable support steel beam 5 and the embedded steel plate 6 on the main structure are connected by hinged connection.

[0043] Step 5: Install the blade support rod Figure 5 As shown, reference numeral 9 is a grid beam fixing connection plate. The blade diameter support rod is connected to the box support column 1 with a connecting steel member 8. After being corrected in place, they are welded at intervals from two symmetrical surfaces. One end of the member is welded first, so that the shrinkage deformation of the welding can always be released freely, thereby reducing the deformation of the structure caused by asymmetric welding. The welding method is as follows: Figure 6 Mark in the order of ①→②→③→④. The weld should be uniform in appearance, the transition between metals should be smooth, and the welding slag and spatter should be basically cleaned.

[0044] Step 6: Hoisting of grid components - such as Figure 7 As shown, the grid beam is composed of seamless pipes 10 and channel steel components 11. Before installation, the axis of the grid support side beam and the elevation inspection line are checked according to step 3, and a full-floor scaffolding is set up. The position and elevation of each support point are arranged, and the seamless pipes 10 of the grid beam are hoisted and welded from bottom to top by using a tower crane. Then the upper channel steel component 11 is installed as a single piece. The entire grid structure is installed horizontally first and then vertically. During the assembly process, the deformation of the scaffolding is observed and adjusted in time to avoid deformation affecting the assembly accuracy of the grid.

[0045] Step 7: Construction of the concrete structure of the leaf surface - such as Figure 8As shown, the upper plate surface 12 of the blade is made of concrete. It is cut according to Solidworks and laid out according to the straight main line of the hyperbolic surface. The template extracts the length of the main rib according to the bending edge line and then makes the main steel pipe rib according to the predetermined curve shape. The secondary rib is fixedly connected to the steel pipe with wooden planks. The steel mesh is arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions according to the structural force requirements, and is arranged in two layers in both directions. In order to ensure the stability of the support system, a sky pump is used for concrete pouring, and the H-shaped steel support 13 of the upper blade side beam is buried.

[0046] Because the wing-shaped hyperboloid blade has a certain slope, the concrete will slide down the slope during pouring. To prevent the concrete from flowing, the concrete mix ratio should be optimized and the concrete slump should be controlled at around 100mm.

[0047] When pouring concrete onto the hyperbolic blade surface, workers should be available to smooth it out at any time, and the concrete can be smoothed to the predetermined curvature as required.

[0048] When controlling the concrete elevation, first establish a straight construction line control network for the roof structure. Use the steel support at both ends and the nylon line control lines in between to control the top surface elevation of the concrete casting curved surface. During the concrete pouring process, the height of the concrete casting surface should be controlled in a timely manner and smoothed and finished at any time.

[0049] Step 8: Upper side rail installation - such as Figure 9 As shown, the upper side beams 14 are hoisted and welded in sections, following the already embedded H-beam supports 13. The upper side beams 14 are first welded to the blade-diameter struts 7, and then the joints between the beams and the H-beam supports 13 are welded symmetrically from top to bottom. The welding of the beam joints is coordinated, with measurement and tracking calibration. When welding to the end, the lower side beams 16 and upper side beams 15 are installed according to the curved surface, and concrete is poured to connect them to the structure, enhancing overall stability.

[0050] Step 9: Temporary support removal - e.g. Figure 10 As shown, number 17 is concrete. To ensure the overall stress safety of the temporary support system and a smooth transition from the construction and installation state to the free stress state, the removal of the temporary support follows the principle of "deformation coordination and unloading balance." According to the layout of the temporary support, unloading is carried out synchronously in different zones. The main method is to cut the small tires at the top of the support in strips, and control the height △H of each cut (each cut is controlled at 5-10mm). After completing a certain step of cutting, the structure no longer produces downward displacement. The support is then removed. During the support unloading process, pay attention to monitoring the displacement of the deformation control point. If there is a large deviation, stop immediately and work with relevant units to identify and eliminate the cause before continuing.

[0051] The hexagonal long box column support is used as the force-bearing system of the entire structure, and the auxiliary support improves the overall stability, effectively solves the internal force and deformation of the structure, and the construction method of "block lifting + high-altitude loose parts embedding" is used to ensure the assembly quality, safety and construction progress.

[0052] Practice has proved that the installation of this embodiment is simple, beautiful and practical, with a modern aesthetic. The deformation of the grid caused by gravity on the support is small, the overall stability of the frame is high, and the load stability can be guaranteed without the need for a large number of bracket supports. The cost of erection, unloading and dismantling measures is greatly reduced, saving costs, and can be widely used in the installation of large-scale special-shaped grid structures.

[0053] As needed, the above-mentioned installation, setting, provision or connection methods include but are not limited to screws, rivets, welding or socketing, fixing and the like. The installation, setting or connection method is selected according to the work scenario.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Install the main support columns: Install the box-type support columns in sections. After installation, set up a full-floor operating scaffolding on the ground to the installation height of each section of the support columns. Each section of the support columns is filled with self-compacting concrete. Step 2, temporary support system: Set up a temporary lattice support frame on the ground according to the installation height of the grid beam side beam and the bottom coordinate point in the preset area, and set transverse connecting rods and cables on the temporary support frame to fix it; Step 3: Install the compression side beams: Install the side beams in sections on both sides of the box-type support columns. Use diagonal bracing to secure the side beams to the civil engineering structure. Perform precise three-dimensional positioning of all side beam components and mark the positioning points. Each component must have at least two positioning points, and all positioning points must not be in the same straight line. Step 4: Lateral stabilizing support installation: Install lateral stabilizing support steel beams at equal intervals on one side of the main structure. The stabilizing support steel beams are hinged to the embedded steel plates on the main structure. Step 5: Install the blade diameter support rod: The blade diameter support rod is connected and fixed to the box-type support column using connecting steel components; Step 6: Hoisting of grid components: The grid components are composed of seamless pipes and channel steel components. Before installation, check the axis and elevation of the grid support side beam components according to step 3 and set up a full-floor scaffolding. Arrange the position and elevation of each support point. Use a tower crane to hoist and weld the seamless pipes of the grid beams in blocks and sections from bottom to top. Then install the upper channel steel components in a single piece. Step 7, construction of blade concrete structure: the upper blade plate (12) is made of concrete, cut according to the three-dimensional software model and laid out according to the straight generatrix of the hyperbolic surface. The template extracts the length of the main rib according to the bending edge line and then makes the main rib of the steel pipe according to the predetermined curve shape. The secondary rib is fixedly connected to the steel pipe with wooden squares. The upper blade side beam is provided with H-shaped steel support; Step 8, upper side beam installation: hoist and weld the upper side beam component 14 in sections on the H-shaped steel support. When welding the upper side beam component (14), first weld it to the blade diameter support rod (7), and then weld the joints of the beam and the H-shaped steel support (13) symmetrically from top to bottom. The welding of the beam joints is coordinated with each other, and the measurement and tracking correction are carried out. When welding to the end, the lower side beam and the upper side beam of the end are installed according to the curved surface, and concrete is poured to connect with the main structure. Step 9, temporary support removal: According to the layout of the temporary support, unload the support in sections synchronously during unloading, cut the small tires on the top of the support in strips, and control the height △H of each cutting until the structure no longer produces downward displacement after completing a certain step of cutting, and then remove the support.

2. A method for constructing a wing-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, hexagonal long box-shaped support columns filled with concrete are used as the main load-bearing system of the entire structure.

3. A method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, H-shaped steel beams are used between the tops of the temporary support frames as support frames for each segment of the main beam.

4. A method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, all components are laid out according to the model, and are three-dimensionally positioned and marked using a total station to ensure component installation accuracy.

5. The method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, lateral stabilizing steel supports are provided, and an articulated manner is adopted to improve the overall stability of the steel beam.

6. A method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the grid members are composed of seamless pipes and channel steels.

7. A method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 8, a connection is formed as a whole by combining beams.

8. The method for constructing an airfoil-shaped hyperbolic blade surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 9, the height ΔH of each cutting is controlled to be 5 to 10 mm.

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