A liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and method of use

Abstract

The application relates to a liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station pressurizing system and a use method thereof. The liquid hydrogen hydrogenation station pressurizing system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (10), a pressurizing assembly (20) and a refrigeration assembly (30), the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) is connected with the pressurizing assembly (20) through a liquid hydrogen pipeline, a gas outlet of the pressurizing assembly (20) is connected back to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) through a gas hydrogen pipeline, and the refrigeration assembly (30) for condensing gas hydrogen is arranged between the liquid hydrogen pipeline and the gas hydrogen pipeline. Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages of being capable of adjusting the liquid hydrogen storage tank pressure, reducing hydrogen loss, being capable of coping with liquid hydrogen tumbling, and the device being simple to build.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid hydrogen refueling technology, and in particular relates to a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] To address increasingly serious energy and environmental issues, the development and utilization of clean energy has received widespread attention. Among these, hydrogen, which produces only water upon combustion, is hailed as the cleanest fuel and has promising application prospects. Hydrogen refueling stations are crucial infrastructure in the hydrogen energy industry chain. Based on the different hydrogen storage states within the station, hydrogen refueling stations are divided into gaseous hydrogen refueling stations and liquid hydrogen refueling stations. Liquid hydrogen refueling stations have the advantage of high storage and transportation efficiency. Utilizing a direct pressurization and vaporization technology for liquid hydrogen, they can significantly reduce the operating energy consumption of hydrogen refueling stations and represent the future development trend of low-energy, large-scale hydrogen refueling stations. According to H2Stations' statistical report on hydrogen refueling stations worldwide, as of 2021, more than 800 hydrogen refueling stations had been built globally, 30% of which were liquid hydrogen refueling stations.

[0003] Liquid hydrogen refueling stations typically use liquid hydrogen booster pumps to pressurize liquid hydrogen in storage tanks to high pressure and vaporize it for use in fuel cell vehicles. However, heat leakage from the liquid hydrogen booster pump, storage tank, and other components can cause liquid hydrogen to evaporate, producing vapor that flows back into the storage tank. Excessive backflow can cause the tank pressure to rise continuously, eventually necessitating venting, resulting in waste and safety hazards. Furthermore, the uneven temperature of the liquid hydrogen at the top and bottom of the tank causes the warmer liquid hydrogen at the bottom to tumble to the top, increasing instantaneous evaporation and posing a significant safety risk. CN 112097093 A discloses a zero-emission liquid hydrogen storage system that uses a hydrogen reliquefaction device to condense evaporated liquid hydrogen in the storage tank and allow it to flow back into the tank. However, this refrigeration equipment cannot separately store or properly distribute the condensed liquid hydrogen, nor can it effectively handle the tumbling and violent evaporation of the liquid hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] This invention provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system, including a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a pressurization component, and a refrigeration component. The pressurization component, the refrigeration component, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank are interconnected via gaseous hydrogen or liquid hydrogen pipelines.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressurization component is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the refrigeration component via liquid hydrogen pipelines and gaseous hydrogen pipelines, respectively; the refrigeration component is connected to the pressurization component via a liquid hydrogen pipeline, and to the liquid hydrogen storage tank via a gaseous hydrogen pipeline and a liquid hydrogen pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen storage tank includes an inner shell, an outer shell, an ambient temperature vaporizer, a pressure sensor, and a liquid hydrogen outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a vacuum is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, or insulation material is filled between them, or a radiation shield is installed.

[0010] Furthermore, the ambient air vaporizer is installed outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the heat exchange tube of the ambient air vaporizer is connected to the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is installed on the upper inner wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and connected to the external control system.

[0012] Furthermore, a liquid hydrogen storage tank vent valve is installed on the vent pipe of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the outlet pipe of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is a vacuum pipe or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

[0014] Preferably, the pressurization assembly includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a pump inlet pipe, a pump high-pressure outlet pipe, and a pump outlet pipe. The liquid hydrogen booster pump is connected to the refrigeration assembly via the pump inlet pipe on the liquid hydrogen pipeline and the pump outlet pipe on the gaseous hydrogen pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid hydrogen booster pump is a reciprocating piston pump.

[0016] Furthermore, a pump inlet valve is installed on the pump inlet pipe, a pump high-pressure outlet valve is installed on the pump high-pressure outlet pipe, and a pump vent valve is installed on the pump vent pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the pump inlet pipe, the pump high-pressure outlet pipe, and the pump outlet pipe are vacuum pipes or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

[0018] Preferably, the refrigeration assembly includes a refrigeration unit, an inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, an outer shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, a refrigeration unit's pressurized liquid outlet pipe, a refrigeration unit's air inlet pipe, and a refrigeration storage tank's liquid outlet pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the pressurized liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration unit is connected to the pump inlet pipe and the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, the air inlet pipe of the refrigeration unit is connected to the pump return pipe and the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, and the liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration storage tank is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the pressurized liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the refrigeration unit is installed on the outer shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, and the cold head of the refrigeration unit penetrates into the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank.

[0021] Furthermore, a vacuum is formed between the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank and the outer shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, or insulation material is filled between them, or a radiation shield is installed.

[0022] Furthermore, a refrigeration pressurization outlet valve is installed on the refrigeration pressurization outlet pipe, a refrigeration inlet valve is installed on the refrigeration inlet pipe, and a refrigeration storage tank outlet valve is installed on the refrigeration storage tank outlet pipe.

[0023] Furthermore, the pressurized liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration unit, the air inlet pipe of the refrigeration unit, and the liquid outlet pipe of the refrigeration storage tank are vacuum pipes or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for using a pressurization system for a liquid hydrogen refueling station. When the pressurization component is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is within the normal range, the refrigeration component is not working; when the pressurization component is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank exceeds the limit, the refrigeration component is working; when the pressurization component is not working and the liquid hydrogen storage tank leaks heat, causing the pressure to exceed the limit, the refrigeration component is working.

[0025] Furthermore, when the pressurization component is working and the liquid hydrogen storage tank pressure is normal, the pump inlet valve, the pump high-pressure outlet valve, the pump outlet valve, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve are opened, while the other valves are closed. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump from the liquid hydrogen storage tank along the pump inlet pipe, and the generated gaseous hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the pump outlet pipe and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, when the pressurization component is working and the liquid hydrogen storage tank pressure exceeds the limit, the pump inlet valve and the pump high-pressure outlet valve are opened, and liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump from the liquid hydrogen storage tank along the pump inlet pipe. At the same time, the pump outlet valve, the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve, and the refrigeration unit inlet valve are opened, so that the gaseous hydrogen generated by the pressurization component and the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank are condensed and stored in the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank.

[0027] Furthermore, when the pressurization component is not working and the liquid hydrogen storage tank leaks heat, causing the pressure to exceed the limit, the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve and the refrigeration unit inlet valve are opened, while the other valves are closed. The gaseous hydrogen enters the refrigeration unit, condenses, and is stored in the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank.

[0028] Furthermore, since the temperature of the liquid hydrogen liquefied by the refrigeration unit is lower than that of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, low-temperature liquid hydrogen can be periodically discharged into the liquid hydrogen storage tank to neutralize the temperature and prevent the liquid hydrogen from tumbling.

[0029] Furthermore, when the liquid hydrogen evaporation rate in the liquid hydrogen storage tank increases instantaneously, causing the tank pressure to rise, opening the gas inlet valve of the refrigeration unit can instantly liquefy the evaporated gaseous hydrogen.

[0030] Furthermore, after storing a certain amount of liquid hydrogen in the inner shell of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, it flows into the liquid hydrogen storage tank either through the refrigeration tank's liquid outlet pipe or into the pressurization component through the refrigeration unit's pressurization liquid outlet pipe, as needed.

[0031] Furthermore, when the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is lower than the set value, the ambient temperature vaporizer starts to work, vaporizing part of the liquid hydrogen.

[0032] This invention controls the liquid hydrogen evaporation rate using a refrigeration unit. When the liquid hydrogen booster pump is turned on, the evaporated hydrogen is reliquefied by the refrigeration unit. If the volume of liquid hydrogen flowing out of the storage tank is greater than the volume of gaseous hydrogen obtained from evaporating the liquid hydrogen, the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank will drop below a predetermined pressure. The pressure can be controlled at a specified value by appropriately heating the liquid hydrogen to increase the evaporation rate. If the liquid hydrogen booster pump is not turned on for an extended period, or if the volume of liquid hydrogen flowing out is less than the volume of gaseous hydrogen obtained from evaporating the liquid hydrogen, the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank will continue to rise. In this case, the refrigeration unit can be turned on to liquefy the gaseous hydrogen and control the pressure.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) This invention makes full use of the efficient refrigeration of the refrigeration unit and the storage function of the liquid storage tank to store the condensed liquid hydrogen separately. The temperature of the liquid hydrogen after liquefaction by the refrigeration unit is lower than that of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank. Low-temperature liquid hydrogen can be discharged into the liquid hydrogen storage tank at regular intervals to neutralize the temperature and effectively prevent the liquid hydrogen from rolling over.

[0035] (2) The present invention can reliquefy the hydrogen vaporized during the operation of the liquid hydrogen booster pump through a refrigeration component, thus avoiding the safety hazards caused by its release into the air. At the same time, the present invention can also achieve rapid liquefaction of vaporized hydrogen in extreme cases of violent evaporation of liquid hydrogen, so as to effectively deal with emergencies during storage or use.

[0036] (3) The liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system of the present invention is easy to build and the corresponding pipeline design can be adjusted as needed, which has good flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the liquid hydrogen refueling station in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the liquid hydrogen refueling station in Example 3.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the liquid hydrogen refueling station in Example 4.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the liquid hydrogen refueling station in Example 5.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the liquid hydrogen refueling station in Example 6.

[0042] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0043] 10. Liquid hydrogen storage tank; 11. Inner shell of liquid hydrogen storage tank; 12. Outer shell of liquid hydrogen storage tank; 13. Ambient air vaporizer; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe; 151. Liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe valve; 20. Pressurization assembly; 21. Liquid hydrogen booster pump; 211. Pump inlet pipe; 2111. Pump inlet pipe valve; 212. Pump high-pressure outlet pipe; 2121. Pump high-pressure outlet pipe valve; 213. Pump outlet pipe. 2131. Pump outlet valve; 2132. Pump outlet bend; 30. Refrigeration assembly; 31. Refrigeration unit; 32. Inner shell of refrigeration unit liquid storage tank; 321. Refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe; 3211. Refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe valve; 322. Refrigeration unit air inlet pipe; 3221. Refrigeration unit air inlet pipe valve; 33. Outer shell of refrigeration unit liquid storage tank; 323. Refrigeration tank outlet pipe; 3231. Refrigeration tank outlet pipe valve. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] Example 1 provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, including a liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, a pressurization component 20, and a refrigeration component 30. The pressurization component 20 is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 and the refrigeration component 30 via liquid hydrogen pipelines and gaseous hydrogen pipelines, respectively; the refrigeration component 30 is connected to the pressurization component 20 via a liquid hydrogen pipeline and to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 via a gaseous hydrogen pipeline.

[0047] This invention also provides a method for using a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system. When the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 is normal and the pressurization component 20 is working, the generated hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 through a hydrogen gas pipeline, or the hydrogen enters the refrigeration component 30 through a hydrogen gas pipeline, or the hydrogen enters both the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 and the refrigeration component 30 through hydrogen gas pipelines respectively. When the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 exceeds the limit and the pressurization component 20 is working, the hydrogen generated by both enters the refrigeration component 30 through a hydrogen gas pipeline for reliquefaction. When the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 exceeds the limit and the pressurization component 20 is not working, the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 enters the refrigeration component 30 through a hydrogen gas pipeline for reliquefaction.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] Example 2 provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it mainly includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, a pressurization assembly 20, and a refrigeration assembly 30.

[0050] The liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 includes an inner shell 11, an outer shell 12, an ambient temperature vaporizer 13, a pressure sensor 14, a gas outlet pipe 15, and a gas outlet valve 151. To improve the insulation effect of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the space between the inner shell 11 and the outer shell 12 is a vacuum filled with a large amount of insulation material; this is a conventional technique and will not be described in detail here. A liquid hydrogen pipeline for transporting liquid hydrogen is connected between the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 and the pressurization assembly 20. The gas outlet of the pressurization assembly 20 is connected to the refrigeration assembly 30 through a gaseous hydrogen pipeline. The ambient temperature vaporizer 13 is installed outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, and its heat exchange pipe is connected to the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 to prevent the pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 from dropping, which could lead to backflow of liquid or gaseous hydrogen. Pressure sensor 14 is installed on the upper inner wall of the inner shell 11 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and is connected to the external control system to monitor the gaseous hydrogen pressure inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10.

[0051] The pressurization assembly 20 includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump 21, a pump inlet pipe 211, a pump high-pressure outlet pipe 212, and a pump outlet pipe 213. The liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 is connected to the inner shell 11 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the refrigeration assembly 30 through the pump inlet pipe 211 on the liquid hydrogen pipeline and the pump outlet pipe 213 on the gaseous hydrogen pipeline, respectively. In this embodiment, the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 is a reciprocating piston pump, and the pump inlet pipe 211, the pump high-pressure outlet pipe 212, and the pump outlet pipe 213 are all vacuum pipes. A pump inlet valve 2111 is installed on the pump inlet pipe 211, a pump high-pressure outlet valve 2121 is installed on the pump high-pressure outlet pipe 212, and a pump outlet valve 2131 is installed on the pump outlet pipe 213.

[0052] The refrigeration assembly 30 includes a refrigeration unit 31, an inner shell 32 of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, a refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321, a refrigeration unit inlet pipe 322, a refrigeration storage tank outlet pipe 323, and an outer shell 33 of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank. A vacuum is formed between the inner shell 32 and the outer shell 33 of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank. The refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 is connected to the pump inlet pipe 211, and the refrigeration unit inlet pipe 322 is connected to the pump outlet pipe 213 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe 15. The refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321, the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe 15, and the refrigeration unit inlet pipe 322 are all vacuum pipes. A refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet valve 3211 is installed on the refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321, a refrigeration unit inlet valve 3221 is installed on the refrigeration unit inlet pipe 322, and a refrigeration storage tank outlet valve 3231 is installed on the refrigeration storage tank outlet pipe 323.

[0053] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0054] When the booster assembly 20 is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 is normal (the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 should be greater than one atmosphere and less than the rated pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank), open the pump inlet valve 2111, the pump high pressure outlet valve 2121, the pump outlet valve 2131 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve 151, and close the other valves, so that the hydrogen gas vaporized by the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 flows into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10.

[0055] When the booster assembly 20 is working and the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 exceeds the rated pressure, the pump inlet liquid pipe valve 2111 and the pump high pressure outlet liquid pipe valve 2121 are opened. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 along the pump inlet pipe 211. At the same time, the refrigerator inlet pipe valve 3221, the pump outlet pipe valve 2131 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe valve 151 are opened. The refrigerator 31 reliquefies the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the liquid hydrogen vaporized by the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 and stores it in the inner shell 32 of the refrigerator storage tank.

[0056] When the pressurization component 20 is not working, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 itself leaks heat causing the pressure to exceed the limit, the inlet valve 3221 of the refrigeration unit and the outlet valve 151 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank are opened, and the other valves are closed. The gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the refrigeration unit 31, condenses and is stored in the inner shell 32 of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank.

[0057] In the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, a liquid hydrogen tumbling phenomenon occurs, meaning that the upper part of the liquid hydrogen in the tank 10 absorbs heat through evaporation, resulting in a lower temperature than the liquid hydrogen at the bottom. Over time, when this equilibrium is disrupted, the high-temperature liquid hydrogen at the bottom will tumble to the top. Due to its relatively high temperature, its instantaneous evaporation increases, easily causing a sudden increase in pressure within the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, posing a safety hazard. In this invention, the refrigeration temperature of the refrigerator 31 is relatively low, reaching 10K. Therefore, the temperature of the liquid hydrogen reliquefied by the refrigerator 31 (below 20K) is lower than that of the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10. Consequently, the liquid hydrogen temperature in the inner shell 32 of the refrigerator's storage tank is extremely low. The outlet valve 3231 of the refrigeration tank can be opened periodically, allowing the liquid hydrogen to flow into the bottom of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 through the outlet pipe 323, neutralizing the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen at the bottom and preventing the liquid hydrogen tumbling phenomenon. At the same time, when the hydrogen pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 increases instantaneously, the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve 151 and the refrigeration unit inlet valve 3221 are opened, allowing hydrogen to quickly enter the refrigeration component 30. Since the refrigeration unit 31 and the liquid hydrogen stored inside the refrigeration component 30 are at extremely low temperatures, they can quickly liquefy gaseous hydrogen into liquid hydrogen.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] Example 3 provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, such as... Figure 2As shown. The difference from Embodiment 2 is that the refrigeration component 30 is connected to the top of the pump outlet pipe 213, which has a bend 2132. The refrigeration unit's pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 is connected to the lower part of the bend 2132, so that the liquid in the pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 mixes with gaseous hydrogen at the bend 2132 and flows into the liquid hydrogen storage tank. In this embodiment, the pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 is shorter than that in Embodiment 2, which can further reduce heat leakage loss. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the space between the inner shell 11 and outer shell 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the space between the inner shell 32 and outer shell 33 of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, are filled with insulating material. The pump inlet pipe 211, the pump high-pressure outlet pipe 212, the pump outlet pipe 213, the refrigeration unit's pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321, and the refrigeration unit's inlet pipe 322 are all wrapped with polyurethane foam insulating material. The other structures are the same as in Example 2.

[0060] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that when the pressurizing component is vaporized, it can be connected to the pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 of the refrigeration unit through the bend 2132 of the pump outlet pipe to prevent liquid hydrogen from entering the refrigeration component 30 during operation. The refrigeration unit 31 can liquefy most of the hydrogen through refrigeration, and another part of the hydrogen can be mixed with the ultra-low temperature liquid hydrogen in the pressurized liquid outlet pipe 321 of the refrigeration unit and then liquefied, thereby reducing the cooling capacity of the refrigeration unit 31.

[0061] Example 4:

[0062] Example 4 provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, such as... Figure 3 As shown. The difference from Embodiment 3 is that this device omits the refrigeration unit inlet pipe 322, eliminating welds and simplifying the system. Gaseous hydrogen flows upwards along the refrigeration unit pressurized outlet pipe 321, is liquefied, and then flows downwards along the same pipe into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10. In this embodiment, the refrigeration unit pressurized outlet pipe 321 is slightly thicker than that in Embodiment 3; other structural features are the same as in Embodiment 3.

[0063] Example 5:

[0064] Example 5 provides a simplified liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, such as... Figure 4 As shown. Compared to Example 2, the refrigerator 31 is directly mounted on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, and the cold head penetrates into the inner shell 11 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, directly condensing gaseous hydrogen, further simplifying the device structure. In this example, a radiation screen is installed between the inner shell 11 and the outer shell 12 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0065] Example 6:

[0066] Example 6 provides a liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system and its usage method, such as... Figure 5As shown. This embodiment makes some adjustments to the device of Embodiment 2. The hydrogen gas vaporized by the pressurization component 20 first enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10, and all the pipelines of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 are arranged below the liquid hydrogen storage tank 10 to facilitate the installation of the liquid hydrogen storage tank shell 12. Other structures are the same as in Embodiment 2.

[0067] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of using a pressurization system for a liquid hydrogen refueling station, characterized in that, The liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank (10), a pressurization component (20), and a refrigeration component (30); the pressurization component (20), the refrigeration component (30), and the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) are interconnected through gaseous hydrogen or liquid hydrogen pipelines; The liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) includes an inner shell (11), an outer shell (12), an ambient temperature vaporizer (13), a pressure sensor (14), and a liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15). The pressurization assembly (20) includes a liquid hydrogen pressurization pump (21), a pump inlet pipe (211), a pump high-pressure outlet pipe (212), and a pump outlet pipe (213); the liquid hydrogen pressurization pump (21) is connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) through the pump inlet pipe (211) on the liquid hydrogen pipeline, and is connected to the refrigeration assembly (30) through the pump outlet pipe (213) on the gas hydrogen pipeline; The refrigeration assembly (30) includes a refrigeration unit (31), a refrigeration unit liquid storage tank inner shell (32), a refrigeration unit air inlet pipe (322), and a refrigeration unit liquid storage tank outer shell (33). It also includes a refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe (321) connected to the pressurization assembly and a refrigeration tank outlet pipe (323) connected to the bottom of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10). The refrigeration unit pressurized liquid outlet pipe (321) is connected to the pump inlet pipe (211) and the refrigeration unit liquid storage tank inner shell (32). The refrigeration unit air inlet pipe (322) is connected to the pump outlet pipe (213), the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15), and the refrigeration unit liquid storage tank inner shell (32). The method of use is as follows: When the pressurization component (20) is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) is within the normal range, liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) along the pump inlet pipe (211), and the generated gaseous hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) through the pump outlet pipe (213) and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15); When the booster assembly (20) is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) exceeds the limit, liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) along the pump inlet pipe (211). The generated gaseous hydrogen and the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) are condensed and stored in the inner shell (32) of the refrigerator storage tank. When the pressurization component (20) is not working, and the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) leaks heat, causing the pressure to exceed the limit, gaseous hydrogen enters the refrigerator (31) and is condensed and stored in the inner shell (32) of the refrigerator's liquid storage tank; After storing a certain amount of liquid hydrogen in the inner shell (32) of the refrigeration unit, it flows into the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) as needed, either through the liquid outlet pipe (323) of the refrigeration storage tank, or through the pressurization outlet pipe (321) of the refrigeration unit into the pressurization component (20). When the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) is lower than the set value, the ambient temperature vaporizer (13) starts to work and vaporizes part of the liquid hydrogen.

2. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum is formed between the inner shell (11) and the outer shell (12) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, or insulation material is filled or a radiation screen is installed. The ambient air vaporizer (13) is installed outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10), and the heat exchange tube of the ambient air vaporizer (13) is connected to the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10). The pressure sensor (14) is installed on the upper inner wall of the inner shell (11) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and is connected to the external control system.

3. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve (151) is installed on the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15). The liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15) is a vacuum tube or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

4. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump inlet pipe (211), the pump high-pressure outlet pipe (212), and the pump outlet pipe (213) are vacuum pipes or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

5. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pump inlet valve (2111) is installed on the pump inlet pipe (211), a pump high pressure outlet valve (2121) is installed on the pump high pressure outlet pipe (212), and a pump vent valve (2131) is installed on the pump vent pipe (213).

6. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit (31) is installed on the outer shell (33) of the refrigeration unit storage tank, and the cold head of the refrigeration unit (31) penetrates into the inner shell (32) of the refrigeration unit storage tank.

7. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum is formed between the inner shell (32) of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank and the outer shell (33) of the refrigeration unit's liquid storage tank, or an insulating material is filled between them, or a radiation screen is installed. The pressurized liquid outlet pipe (321), the air inlet pipe (322), and the liquid outlet pipe (323) of the refrigeration tank are vacuum tubes or wrapped with heat-insulating material.

8. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A refrigeration pressurization outlet valve (3211) is installed on the refrigeration pressurization outlet pipe (321), a refrigeration inlet valve (3221) is installed on the refrigeration inlet pipe (322), and a refrigeration storage tank outlet valve (3231) is installed on the refrigeration storage tank outlet pipe (323).

9. The method of using the liquid hydrogen refueling station pressurization system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, When the booster assembly (20) is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) is within the normal range, open the pump inlet valve (2111), the pump high pressure outlet valve (2121), the pump outlet valve (2131) and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet valve (151), and close the other valves. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) along the pump inlet pipe (211), and the generated gaseous hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) through the pump outlet pipe (213) and the liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe (15). When the booster assembly (20) is working and the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) exceeds the limit, the pump inlet pipe valve (2111) and the pump high pressure outlet pipe valve (2121) are opened. Liquid hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) along the pump inlet pipe (211). At the same time, the liquid hydrogen storage tank refrigeration unit inlet pipe valve (3221) is opened. The liquid hydrogen storage tank outlet pipe valve (151) and the pump outlet pipe valve (2131) condense the gaseous hydrogen generated by the booster assembly (20) and the gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) and store them in the inner shell (32) of the refrigeration unit storage tank. When the pressurization component (20) is not working and the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) leaks heat, causing the pressure to exceed the limit, open the inlet valve (3221) of the refrigerator and the outlet valve (151) of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and close the other valves. The gaseous hydrogen enters the refrigerator (31), condenses and is stored in the inner shell (32) of the refrigerator storage tank. After storing a certain amount of liquid hydrogen in the inner shell (32) of the refrigeration unit, it flows into the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) as needed, either through the liquid outlet pipe (323) of the refrigeration storage tank, or through the pressurization outlet pipe (321) of the refrigeration unit into the pressurization component (20). When the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (10) is lower than the set value, the ambient temperature vaporizer (13) starts to work and vaporizes part of the liquid hydrogen.

Images