A server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure for a server, comprising a substrate, a flow channel baffle and a cover plate stacked in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the flow channel baffle seals the top of the substrate to form a heat exchange cavity located on the inner side of the substrate. A plurality of fin valve groups are arranged longitudinally and spaced in sequence inside the heat exchange cavity, and a main channel is formed between any two adjacent fin valve groups. A plurality of groups of outlets are provided on the flow channel baffle, and each group of outlets includes a plurality of outlets. A group of swirl ports is provided between any two adjacent groups of outlets, and each group of swirl ports includes a plurality of swirl ports. A liquid inlet cavity is provided above the swirl port, and the liquid inlet cavity is communicated with the heat exchange cavity through the swirl port. A liquid outlet cavity is provided above the outlet, and the liquid outlet cavity is communicated with the heat exchange cavity through the outlet. The present invention adopts a spoiler column made of a temperature-sensitive hydrogel to form a microvalve, and each microvalve independently controls the opening according to the local hot spot, and is not interfered with by the opening of other microvalves, thereby enhancing the overall heat exchange effect and improving the accuracy of hot spot adaptive cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of server heat dissipation, and in particular to an adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure of a server. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of cloud computing has led to a significant increase in the workload of data center servers, which can easily lead to a sharp increase in temperature and cause thermal management failure, thus endangering the safe and stable operation of the server. Currently, microfluidic heat sinks using water as the heat exchange medium are one of the effective methods to solve the heat dissipation problem of servers due to their high heat exchange efficiency and compact structure. However, traditional microfluidic heat dissipation structures lack the ability to autonomously regulate flow based on the distribution of heat sources: if the microfluidic channel maintains the flow required for maximum load, low-load areas will generate significant energy waste; if an additional driving force is set to regulate flow changes during the flow process, there will be problems of cooling lag and waste of pump work. At the same time, traditional microfluidic heat dissipation structures have difficulty in solving the problem of dynamic changes in hot spots caused by thermal load fluctuations during server operation.

[0003] The existing microcolumn structure embeds annular hydrogels on the surface for flow control, or arranges multiple hydrogel microvalves in the channel to expand the flow control range. This blocks the direct heat exchange between the microcolumns and the heat dissipation medium, weakening the heat dissipation effect of the microcolumns. In addition, there is the problem of microvalve interference with flow control, and flow balance between multiple microfluidic regulation units cannot be achieved. Specifically, when the temperature of the hot spot upstream of the heat exchange path drops, the microvalve closes, resulting in a still small flow through the downstream uncooled hot spot (microvalve open state), exacerbating the risk of insufficient cooling capacity of the downstream hot spot, and failing to meet the heat dissipation needs of servers with problems such as hot spots changing in real time with spatial distribution and uneven temperature distribution. Therefore, the existing technology needs to be further improved and enhanced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure for servers to solve the problem of excessive heat generation in servers under high power trends, hot spots changing in real time with spatial distribution, uneven temperature distribution, and poor overall heat dissipation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A server adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure includes a base plate, a flow channel baffle and a cover plate. The base plate, the flow channel baffle and the cover plate are stacked in sequence from bottom to top and fixedly packaged into one body. The base plate is a shell structure with an open top, and the flow channel baffle seals the top of the base plate to form a heat exchange cavity located inside the base plate.

[0007] A plurality of long strip-shaped fin valve groups are provided inside the heat exchange cavity. All the fin valve groups are arranged longitudinally in sequence inside the heat exchange cavity, and a main flow channel is formed between any two adjacent fin valve groups.

[0008] The flow channel partition is provided with multiple groups of outlets arranged in a transverse order, and a group of swirl outlets is provided between any two adjacent groups of outlets. Each group of outlets includes outlets whose number is equal to that of the main flow channel and whose positions correspond one to one. Each group of swirl outlets includes swirl outlets whose number is equal to that of the main flow channel and whose positions correspond one to one.

[0009] There is a liquid inlet cavity above each set of swirl ports, and each liquid inlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding swirl port. There is a liquid outlet cavity above each set of outlets, and each liquid outlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate, flow channel baffle and cover plate are all square metal flat plates with the same length and width. The inner side of the base plate has a square groove with an open top, and the flow channel baffle seals the top of the base plate to form the heat exchange cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, each fin valve group includes fins whose number is equal to the sum of the number of outlet groups and the number of swirl port groups and whose positions correspond one to one, and the fins in the same group are linearly arranged in the transverse direction at equal intervals.

[0012] A branch channel for the fluid to pass through is formed between any two adjacent fins in the same group, and each branch channel is provided with a micro valve capable of adjusting the opening of the branch channel.

[0013] Furthermore, there are gaps between the first-order fin valve group and the last-order fin valve group and the inner wall of the heat exchange cavity, and there are also gaps between the fins at both ends of the same group and the inner wall of the heat exchange cavity.

[0014] The fins are columnar structures made of high thermal conductivity material, and their cross-sections are trapezoidal, triangular, spindle-shaped or S-shaped. The fins are arranged vertically, and their lower ends are fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity as a whole. Any two adjacent fins in the same group are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner.

[0015] Furthermore, two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each fin, and the two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns located in the same branch flow channel constitute the microvalve.

[0016] The temperature-sensitive spoiler columns located at the left and right ends of the fin valve group respectively form semi-microvalves with the side walls of the heat exchange cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature-sensitive spoiler column is a columnar structure made of temperature-sensitive hydrogel, and its cross section is semicircular. The temperature-sensitive spoiler column is arranged vertically, and its flat side is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rib.

[0018] The arc surfaces of the two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns of the same microvalve are arranged alternately. When working, the volume of each temperature-sensitive spoiler column changes due to the heat conduction effect of the adjacent fins.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper surface of the flow channel partition is provided with upper grooves whose number is equal to the sum of the number of outlet groups and the number of swirl port groups and whose positions correspond one to one. The cover plate seals the top of each upper groove to form a liquid inlet cavity or a liquid outlet cavity respectively.

[0020] The upper ends of the outlets of the same group and the upper ends of the swirl ports of the same group are respectively located at the bottoms of the corresponding upper grooves.

[0021] A first tube body is provided on the side wall of the flow channel partition to connect the liquid inlet cavities, and a second tube body is also provided on the side wall of the flow channel partition to connect the liquid outlet cavities. The first tube body and the second tube body can be connected to the outlet and inlet ends of the circulation pump respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, the lower surface of the flow channel partition is provided with lower grooves whose number is equal to the number of the swirl port groups and whose positions correspond one to one, and both the upper grooves and the lower grooves are longitudinally extending rectangular structures.

[0023] The lower ends of the swirl ports in the same group are all located in the corresponding lower grooves, and the inner side of the lower grooves is a swirling space for the fluid working medium to enter the heat exchange cavity from the swirl ports.

[0024] The outlet is a vertically opened circular hole, and the swirl port is a vertically arranged spiral hole, the inner side wall of which has spirally distributed ridges. The lower outer side of each swirl port corresponds to four evenly distributed microvalves.

[0025] Furthermore, the upper end surface of the fin is a plane, the upper end surface of a row of fins corresponding to each outlet is fitted together with the bottom surface of the flow channel partition, and the width of the lower groove is greater than the width of the corresponding fin directly below it.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention is as follows: the present invention designs the hydrogel microvalve into a flow disturbance structure, and enhances the fluid disturbance through the characteristics of real-time temperature change, further strengthens heat exchange, and improves heat exchange efficiency. Adjacent temperature-sensitive flow disturbance columns form a microvalve, and each swirl port corresponds to multiple microvalves. After the fluid enters the main channel through multiple swirl ports, each microvalve adjusts the opening and flow rate in real time according to the temperature change of the fins, avoiding the cooling failure caused by insufficient flow due to the restriction of opening and closing of microvalves in other areas, and meeting the accuracy of hot spot cooling. The swirl port can increase the fluid heat exchange rate and improve the heat exchange uniformity, meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power servers, make the server heat exchange effect good, and further improve the accuracy of hot spot adaptive cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of a server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the flow path separator is shown, showing the combination of the substrate and the flow path separator.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the base plate and the fin valve group of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top view of the assembly shown in FIG.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flow channel partition of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A top view of the flow channel baffle is shown in FIG.

[0035] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 A bottom view of the flow channel baffle is shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] Example, combined with Figures 1 to 9 A server adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure includes a substrate 1, a flow channel baffle 2 and a cover plate 3. The substrate 1, the flow channel baffle 2 and the cover plate 3 are all square metal plates with the same length and width. The substrate 1, the flow channel baffle 2 and the cover plate 3 are stacked in sequence from bottom to top and fixedly packaged into one body, and the adjacent plates are sealed at the edges.

[0038] The base plate 1 is an open-top shell structure. The flow channel baffle 2 seals the top of the base plate 1, forming a heat exchange cavity inside the base plate 1. The base plate 1 has an open-top square groove 11 on its inside. The flow channel baffle 2 seals the top of the base plate 1 to form the heat exchange cavity. The bottom surface of the base plate 1 is adjacent to the server's heat-generating components, which transfer heat to the base plate 1.

[0039] The interior of the heat exchange cavity is provided with eight long strip fin valve groups 4, which are arranged longitudinally and in parallel in sequence in the interior of the heat exchange cavity. A main flow channel 51 is formed between any two adjacent fin valve groups 4. The inner side of the substrate 1 of this embodiment has seven main flow channels 51 (see FIG. Figure 5 or Figure 6 Each finned valve assembly 4 includes a number of fins 41 equal to the sum of the number of outlet ports 21 and the number of swirl ports 22, with corresponding positions. Fins 41 within a group are arranged linearly and evenly spaced laterally. The fins 41 and substrate 1 are both made of a highly thermally conductive material, such as copper or silicon. The fins 41 and main flow channel structure are formed by etching or machining the substrate 1. During operation, heat from the substrate 1 is transferred to the fins 41.

[0040] Both the first and last fin valve groups 4 have gaps with the inner wall of the heat exchange cavity. Fins 41 at both ends of the same group also have gaps with the inner wall of the heat exchange cavity. This allows for sufficient heat exchange between the fluid and the fins 41. The thermal deformation of the temperature-sensitive spoiler 42 disturbs the fluid, enhancing the heat exchange effect.

[0041] The flow channel partition 2 is provided with multiple groups of outlets 21 arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, and a group of swirl outlets 22 is provided between any two adjacent groups of outlets 21. Each group of outlets 21 includes seven outlets 21 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the seven outlets 21 in the same group correspond one-to-one to the positions of the seven main channels 51. Each group of swirl outlets 22 includes seven swirl outlets 22 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the seven swirl outlets 22 in the same group correspond one-to-one to the positions of the seven main channels 51.

[0042] There is a corresponding liquid inlet cavity above each set of swirl ports 22, and each liquid inlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding swirl port 22. There is a liquid outlet cavity above each set of outlets 21, and each liquid outlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding outlet 21.

[0043] Deionized water is used as the fluid working medium. The low-temperature deionized water is delivered to the liquid inlet cavity from the outside and forms a certain pressure in the liquid inlet cavity. It enters the heat exchange cavity inside the substrate 1 through the swirl port 22 below the liquid inlet cavity. Under the action of pressure, the low-temperature deionized water enters the corresponding main channel 51 in a swirling manner below the swirl port 22, flows along the main channel 51, and flows between adjacent main channels 51 through the microvalve or semi-microvalve. The deionized water exchanges heat with the fins 41, taking away heat from the fins 41 and the substrate 1.

[0044] A first tube 23 is provided on the sidewall of the flow channel baffle 2, connecting the various liquid inlet cavities. A second tube 24 is also provided on the sidewall of the flow channel baffle 2, connecting the various liquid outlet cavities. These first and second tubes 23, 24 can be connected to the outlet and inlet of a circulation pump, respectively. The circulation pump delivers low-temperature deionized water to the various liquid inlet cavities through the first tube 23. High-temperature deionized water in the liquid outlet cavities enters the circulation pump through the second tube 24. During operation, the circulation pump continuously circulates deionized water between the microchannel heat dissipation structure and the outside world.

[0045] Specifically, the fins 41 are columnar structures made of high thermal conductivity material, and their cross-sections are trapezoidal, triangular, spindle-shaped or S-shaped. The fins 41 are arranged vertically, and their lower ends are fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity as a whole. Any two adjacent fins 41 in the same group are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner, and the fins 41 of the same fin valve group 4 can be regarded as being linearly arranged in reverse order.

[0046] Between any two adjacent fins 41 in the same group, a branch channel 52 is formed for the passage of fluid. Each branch channel 52 is equipped with a microvalve that can adjust the opening of the branch channel 52. The branch channel 52 and the main channel 51 combine to form a microchannel for the passage of fluid. As the fluid flows through the microchannel, it exchanges heat with the fins 41, removing heat.

[0047] Specifically, two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each fin 41. The two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 located in the same branch flow channel 52 constitute the microvalve. The temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 located at the left and right ends of the fin valve group 4 respectively form semi-microvalves with the side walls of the heat exchange cavity.

[0048] The temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 is affected by the temperature of the adjacent fins 41, and deforms to varying degrees according to different heating conditions. The microvalve is in an open state of varying sizes to control the flow rate. When the server workload is low and the fin temperature is low, the temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 deforms very little, and the microvalve formed between the adjacent temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 is in a closed state. The flow rate passing through is small, and the fluid exchanges heat with the fins 7 and flows out from the outlet 21. When the server workload is high, that is, when multiple local hot spots appear, the temperature of the fins 41 at the corresponding positions increases, and the temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 deforms due to heat and shrinks in volume, destroying the fluid boundary layer of the microchannel, enhancing the disturbance to the fluid, and improving the local heat exchange effect. The microvalve formed by the adjacent temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 is in an open state, the flow rate increases, and the heat exchange flow rate increases. The fluid exchanges heat with the fins 41 and flows out from the outlet 21.

[0049] The temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 in all areas deform to varying degrees according to different heating conditions, and the microvalves and semi-microvalves are in different opening states. The lower end of each swirl port 22 corresponds to four microvalves, and the flow rate of the microvalve is only affected by the temperature change in the area. After the flow rate of each flow channel reaches dynamic equilibrium, the deionized water flows out from the outlet 21 after heat exchange, and finally achieves uniform overall heat dissipation.

[0050] The temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 is a columnar structure made of a temperature-sensitive hydrogel with a semicircular cross-section. The temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 is arranged vertically, and its flat side is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rib 41. The arc surfaces of the two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns 42 of the same microvalve are staggered. During operation, each temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 undergoes a volume change due to the heat conduction of the adjacent ribs 41. The temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 is formed by the polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide and N-n-propyl acrylamide monomers. When the temperature exceeds the minimum critical transition temperature, the temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 releases water, decreases in volume, and is in a contracted state. When the temperature is lower than the minimum critical transition temperature, the temperature-sensitive spoiler column 42 absorbs water, increases in volume, and is in a swollen state. This state change is reversible with temperature.

[0051] The top surface of the flow channel baffle 2 is provided with a number of upper grooves 25, corresponding to the total number of outlets 21 and swirl ports 22. The cover plate 3, made of a material with low thermal conductivity, seals the tops of each upper groove 25 on the flow channel baffle 2, forming a liquid inlet or outlet cavity. The tops of each outlet 21 and swirl port 22 in the same group are located at the bottom of the corresponding upper groove 25.

[0052] The lower surface of the flow channel baffle 2 is formed with lower grooves 26, corresponding in number to the number of swirl ports 22. Both the upper grooves 25 and the lower grooves 26 are longitudinally extending rectangular structures. The lower ends of the swirl ports 22 in the same group are located within the corresponding lower grooves 26. The inner sides of the lower grooves 26 provide a swirling space for the fluid to enter the heat exchange cavity from the swirl ports 22.

[0053] The outlet 21 is a vertically opened circular hole, and the swirl port 22 is a vertically arranged spiral hole. Its inner wall has two spirally distributed ridges 221. Specifically, the two ridges 221 are arranged in a double spiral pattern on the inner wall of the swirl port 22 and form an integral structure with the flow channel baffle 2. Deionized water flows in through the swirl port 22, and after flowing through the swirl port 22, the fluid shear velocity is increased, increasing the diffusion area below the swirl port 22. Four microvalves are evenly distributed below and on the outer side of each swirl port 22. The upper end surface of the fins 41 is flat. The upper end surface of the corresponding row of fins 41 directly below each outlet 21 is in contact with the bottom surface of the flow channel baffle 2. The width of the lower groove 26 is greater than the width of the corresponding fin 41 directly below it.

[0054] There are dense multiple heat sources in the server. Based on this adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure, the flow velocity and flow rate of the fluid working medium depend on the temperature change at the hot spot where it flows through. Due to the existence of a fin valve group structure that corresponds one-to-one with the inlet, the fluid working medium can achieve adaptive flow balance in the entire flow field, spontaneously achieve heat balance adjustment between multiple hot spots, and improve the heat exchange effect of the adaptive microchannel heat dissipation structure on the server.

[0055] Parts not described in the present invention can be implemented by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0056] In addition, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0058] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by technicians in this technical field within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber comprises a base plate, a flow channel baffle and a cover plate, wherein the base plate, the flow channel baffle and the cover plate are stacked in order from bottom to top and fixedly packaged into one body. The base plate is a shell structure with an open top, and the flow channel baffle seals the top of the base plate to form a heat exchange cavity located inside the base plate. A plurality of long strip-shaped fin valve groups are provided inside the heat exchange cavity. All the fin valve groups are arranged longitudinally in sequence inside the heat exchange cavity, and a main flow channel is formed between any two adjacent fin valve groups. The flow channel baffle is provided with multiple groups of outlets arranged in a transverse order, and a group of swirl outlets is provided between any two adjacent groups of outlets, and each group of outlets includes outlets equal in number to the main flow channels and corresponding in position to each other, and each group of swirl outlets includes swirl outlets equal in number to the main flow channels and corresponding in position to each other; There is a corresponding liquid inlet cavity above each set of swirl ports, and each liquid inlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding swirl port. There is a liquid outlet cavity above each set of outlets, and each liquid outlet cavity is connected to the heat exchange cavity through the corresponding outlet. Each fin valve group includes fins whose number is equal to the sum of the number of outlet groups and the number of swirl port groups and whose positions correspond one to one. The fins in the same group are arranged linearly and horizontally in equal intervals. A branch channel for the fluid to pass through is formed between any two adjacent fins in the same group, and each branch channel is provided with a micro valve capable of adjusting the opening of the branch channel; The fins are columnar structures made of high thermal conductivity materials, with a trapezoidal, triangular, spindle-shaped or S-shaped cross-section. The fins are arranged vertically, with their lower ends fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity as a whole. Any two adjacent fins in the same group are arranged in a centrosymmetrical manner. Two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of each fin, and the two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns located in the same branch flow channel constitute the microvalve; The temperature-sensitive spoiler columns located at the left and right ends of the fin valve group respectively form semi-micro valves with the side walls of the heat exchange cavity; The thermosensitive spoiler column is a columnar structure made of thermosensitive hydrogel, with a semicircular cross section. The thermosensitive spoiler column is arranged vertically, and its flat side is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rib. The arc surfaces of the two temperature-sensitive spoiler columns of the same microvalve are arranged alternately. When working, the volume of each temperature-sensitive spoiler column changes due to the heat conduction effect of the adjacent fins.

2. The server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate, flow channel baffle and cover plate are all square flat plates. The inner side of the base plate has a square groove with an open top. The flow channel baffle seals the top of the base plate to form the heat exchange cavity. The upper surface of the flow channel partition is provided with upper grooves, the number of which is equal to the sum of the number of outlet groups and the number of swirl port groups and the positions of which are one-to-one corresponding. The cover plate seals the top of each upper groove to form a liquid inlet cavity or a liquid outlet cavity respectively. The upper ends of the outlets of the same group and the upper ends of the swirl ports of the same group are respectively located at the bottoms of the corresponding upper grooves; A first tube body is provided on the side wall of the flow channel partition plate, which is connected to each liquid inlet cavity, and a second tube body is provided on the side wall of the flow channel partition plate, which is connected to each liquid outlet cavity. The first tube body and the second tube body can be connected to the outlet end and the inlet end of the circulation pump respectively. The lower surface of the flow channel partition is provided with lower grooves equal in number to the number of swirl ports and corresponding in position to each other, and both the upper and lower grooves are longitudinally extending rectangular structures; The lower ends of the swirl ports in the same group are all located in the corresponding lower grooves, and the inner side of the lower grooves is a swirling space for the fluid working medium to enter the heat exchange cavity from the swirl ports.

3. The server adaptive micro-channel heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet is a vertically opened circular hole, and the swirl port is a vertically arranged spiral hole, the inner side wall of which has spirally distributed ridges. There are four microvalves corresponding to the bottom of each swirl port.

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