A breeding system and method for adult long-fin goby

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding adult long-fin goby and a breeding system thereof, the method comprising the following steps: step 1: constructing a multi-level breeding system, the system mainly comprising a series-parallel cascade breeding system and a concentric circle breeding pond; step 2: transferring fish into the pond, adjusting the water change rate of the breeding pond, and preventing and controlling Ichthyophthirius punctatus; step 3: washing the bottom and wall of the pond; step 4: increasing the immunity of the fish body; step 5: preventing and controlling Ichthyophthirius punctatus. The method for breeding adult long-fin goby and a breeding system thereof provided by the invention effectively prevent and control Ichthyophthirius punctatus, greatly improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, not only greatly reduce the probability of Ichthyophthirius punctatus outbreak in long-fin goby, but also significantly improve the cure rate of long-fin goby suffering from Ichthyophthirius punctatus, significantly improve the survival rate of the two fish breeding, and lay a technical foundation for breaking through the large-scale breeding of long-fin goby.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of protection of rare and unique fish species, and in particular to a culture system and method for adult long-fin goby. Background Art

[0002] The long-finned goby is a unique fish and one of the important economic fish species widely distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, in recent years, due to the impact of human activities, its habitat has gradually shrunk or even disappeared, and its natural reproduction scale has shrunk sharply, causing its wild resources to drop sharply. In 2021, the long-finned goby was listed as a national second-class protected animal, which attracted widespread social attention. Against this background, many domestic scientific research and production units have carried out research on the artificial breeding technology of the long-finned goby, in order to restore its wild resources through artificial propagation and release.

[0003] At present, there is no breakthrough in the large-scale breeding technology of long-fin goby, mainly because long-fin goby has a strong stress response and is very susceptible to Ichthyophthirius gracilis, which leads to a low survival rate in breeding. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a breeding method and breeding system that can effectively improve the survival rate of long-fin goby, so as to lay a technical foundation for the breakthrough in the large-scale breeding and reproduction of long-fin goby. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention proposes a breeding method and a breeding system for adult long-fin goby, which can solve the problem that adult long-fin goby is susceptible to Ichthyophthirius gracilis disease, effectively prevent and control Ichthyophthirius gracilis during the breeding process of long-fin goby, improve the survival rate of breeding, and lay a technical foundation for breaking through its large-scale breeding.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A culture system for adult longfin goby, comprising a culture pond (10) and a concentric circle culture pond, wherein the concentric circle culture pond comprises an inner circle pond and an outer ring pond arranged outside the inner circle pond, and the outer ring pond comprises a plurality of partition ponds and a pump pond;

[0007] A plurality of breeding ponds form a series-parallel cascade breeding system; wherein the plurality of breeding ponds are connected in series through circulating water outlet pipes and in parallel through flowing water inlet pipes; the breeding ponds are connected with the partition ponds through the circulating water outlet main pipe and the pump ponds are connected with the breeding ponds through the circulating water inlet main pipe and the circulating water inlet pipes.

[0008] Preferably, the flowing water inlet pipe is connected to the flowing water main inlet pipe, and the breeding pond is also provided with a flowing water outlet pipe, and the flowing water outlet pipe is connected to the flowing water main outlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the breeding pond comprises three three-level breeding ponds, the first-level breeding pond is 1.6m high and 0.8m deep; the second-level breeding pond is 1.2m high and 0.8m deep; the third-level breeding pond is 0.8m high and 0.6m deep; the bottom of each breeding pond is supported by a PP board.

[0010] Preferably, the middle station pipe of the aquaculture pond is provided with a three-way valve which is connected to the circulating water outlet pipe and the flowing water outlet pipe respectively, so as to switch between circulating aquaculture and flowing water aquaculture.

[0011] Preferably, the partition pool includes a multi-stage biological filter pool and a multi-stage ultraviolet filter pool that are connected in sequence, and a common wall is used between two adjacent pools. The common wall of the first-stage biological filter pool and the pump pool has a height consistent with the depth of the outer loop pool. The common wall of the first and second partition pools of the first-stage biological filter pool has a gap between the bottom of the wall and the bottom of the pool, and the top is flush with the loop pool; the common wall of the second and third partition pools has a height of 0 from the bottom of the pool, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool; and so on, the common wall of the tenth-stage partition pool and the pump pool has a height of 0 from the bottom of the wall, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool;

[0012] Ultraviolet lamps are arranged in the sixth to tenth level partition pools.

[0013] Further preferably, an overflow pipe of the inner circular pool is provided in the first-level partition pool, and the sewage station pipe of the inner circular pool is located next to the pump pool. Two submersible variable frequency water pumps are arranged in the pump pool, one of which pumps water from the pump pool to the inner circular pool, enters the water laterally, and forms a vortex in the pool; the other is connected to the circulating water inlet system to supply water to the breeding pond.

[0014] The method for cultivating adult longfin goby using the cultivation system of the adult longfin goby comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Seed cultivation: After temporary rearing, opening, feeding, and pond transfer, adult long-fin goby are obtained;

[0016] Step 2: Transfer the adult long-fin goby into the long-fin goby adult culture system, adjust the water change rate of the culture pond, prevent and control Ichthyophthirius spp., adjust the frequency of the two variable frequency water pumps in the pump pool, adjust the water inflow into the inner circle pool and the culture pool, and ensure that the total ultraviolet radiation dose received by the Ichthyophthirius spp. cysts or larvae in the partition pool is not less than

[0017] 1000mW s / cm 2 ; Ensure that the water stays in the UV lamp area for 12 minutes or more, and the total UV radiation dose received by the cysts or larvae of Ichthyophthirius punctatus is not less than 1000mW s / cm 2 .

[0018] Step 3: Scrub the pool bottom and pool wall: Use a brush with a sponge to clean the pool bottom and pool wall of the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system and the outer ring pool and inner circle pool in the concentric circle aquaculture pool 1-2 times a day to remove the Ichthyophthirius cysts and other attachments on the pool bottom and pool wall. Each time you clean, switch the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system to the flow mode to drain the dirty water out of the system;

[0019] Step 4: Set up an artificial light source above each breeding pond and use a controller to control the switch of the light source. In the first stage (10 days before breeding): set the light switch frequency to 2 minutes, that is, the light is turned on for 2 minutes and then turned off for 2 minutes. After 10 cycles, set the light to a long-on state and turn it off after 1 hour. This is done once during the day and once at night every day.

[0020] The second stage (11-20 days of breeding): set the light switching frequency to 1min, that is, the light is turned on for 1min and then turned off for 1min. After 20 cycles, set the light to a long-lasting state, keep it on for 2h and then turn it off. This is done once during the day and once at night. The third stage (21-30 days of breeding): set the light switching frequency to 0.5min, that is, the light is turned on for 0.5min and then turned off for 0.5min. After 40 cycles, set the light to a long-lasting state, keep it on for 3h and then turn it off. This is done once during the day and once at night. After light acclimation, the long-finned goby adapts to the bright light and does not gather in the pond, which greatly reduces the probability of infection and outbreak of Ichthyophthirius gracilis.

[0021] Step 5: Increase fish immunity: Feed twice a day, one of which is a specific biological live feed cultivated specifically for improving the immunity of long-fin goby, and the other is a common commercial feed;

[0022] Step 6: Prevention and control of Ichthyophthirius scoparia disease: In this system, it is difficult for Ichthyophthirius scoparia to parasitize on the fish body. Randomly check the longfin goby cultured in each system every week to observe whether its body surface is parasitic on Ichthyophthirius scoparia. Once small white spots are found on the fish body surface, immediately switch the breeding pond to flow mode, open the water flow pipe to increase the water intake, and make the water change rate reach no less than 200 times / d. Clean the bottom and wall of the breeding pond and the circulation pond with a brush tied with a sponge 2-3 times a day, and check the Ichthyophthirius scoparia on the fish body surface in the pond every day. After the Ichthyophthirius scoparia has completely fallen off the fish body, switch to the circulation breeding mode.

[0023] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in step 2, the water change rate of each aquaculture pond of the inner circular pond, the outer ring pond and the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system is 20-30 times / d, and the flow rate is not less than 0.25m / s.

[0024] Preferably, the method includes the following steps 5, the cultivation method of the specific biological live bait is: use a canvas pool of 4m long, 2m wide and 1m high as the cultivation pool of the specific biological live bait, add water to 0.8m of the canvas pool, hang 20 meshes of 1.9m long and 1m wide in the pool, and the two long sides of the mesh are fixed on the steel bars to ensure that the mesh is fully unfolded, pour 3 kg of commercial feed, fully aerate and increase oxygen, and add 1 kg of active yeast after the water body turns green. After the water body is dark green, put the snail seedlings, add 1 kg of commercial feed and 0.3 kg of active yeast every week, and collect snails every day for feeding. Yeast contains extremely rich protein, and its fermented products are rich in vitamins, minerals, digestive enzymes, growth factors, peptides, multiple essential amino acids and fatty acids. It is another important source of protein after animal protein and plant protein. These special nutrients can stimulate the defense ability of the immune system, reduce the production of toxic substances in the intestine, and have a promoting effect on the immune function of the body. This specific biological bait cultivated can significantly improve the growth and immunity of the long-finned goby, enhance its resistance to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and reduce the probability of an Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease outbreak.

[0025] Preferably, in step 1, temporary rearing: before the fry breaks its membrane, it is transferred to a temporary rearing pond, which includes a 2-meter pond, a 4-meter pond and a pond temporary rearing cage (40 mesh). Freshly hatched fry cannot be directly transferred to the pond cage because the temperature difference is too large. They can be slowly heated to the pond water temperature in the temporary rearing pond first, and then transferred one day before opening;

[0026] Opening: Observe the yolk sac absorption of the fry every day, start feeding a small amount of rotifers at 4 days old, observe the feeding of the fry, and increase the feeding amount day by day. After the fry open, start to slowly increase the temperature;

[0027] Feeding: 5 days after the baby starts to eat, start feeding a small amount of compound feed, and then gradually increase the proportion of compound feed;

[0028] Transfer to ponds: At around 20 to 30 days of age, 1 / 2 of the fry in the 2m and 4m temporary holding ponds are transferred to the breeding cages (20 mesh), and the remaining 1 / 2 of the fry are still cultured in the original facilities; 1 / 2 of the fry in the temporary holding cages are transferred to ponds, and the remaining 1 / 2 of the fry continue to be cultured in the temporary holding cages; after 25 to 30 days of culture, 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the fry are transferred from the ponds, breeding cages and temporary holding cages to the flow-through system depending on the situation, and released after 2 months of culture.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention greatly reduces the probability of Ichthyophthirius outbreak in adult long-fin goby, significantly improves the survival rate of long-fin goby adult fish, and lays a technical foundation for breaking through the large-scale breeding of long-fin goby.

[0031] 2. The present invention provides a multi-stage circulation aquaculture system, which not only realizes zero-water-intake aquaculture and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of water resources, but also can switch any one of the aquaculture ponds to flow water mode while other aquaculture ponds are operating in circulating water mode.

[0032] 3. By mixing active yeast into the feed, not only can the immunity of the long-fin goby be improved, but also its appetite can be enhanced and the food intake can be increased, thereby reducing the stress of the fish body and enhancing its immunity to Ichthyophthirius gracilis.

[0033] 4. The present invention creates a flow environment of the Jinsha River, meets the flow requirements of the long-finned goby, reduces the stress sensitivity of the long-finned goby, and significantly improves its survival rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the aquaculture system of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of a three-stage culture pond of the present invention;

[0036] Among them: 1-flow water inlet main pipe; 2-flow water inlet pipe; 3-flow water outlet main pipe; 4-flow water outlet pipe; 5-circulation water inlet main pipe; 6-circulation water inlet pipe; 7-circulation water outlet pipe; 8-valve; 9-PP breeding pond station pipe; 10-breeding pond; 11-circulation water outlet main pipe; 12-inner circular pool overflow pipe; 13-inner circular pool sewage pipe; 14-inner circular pool variable frequency water pump; 15-series-parallel multi-stage breeding system variable frequency water pump; 16-pump pool; 17-partition pool; 18-ultraviolet lamp; 19-inner circular pool; 20-ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A culture system for adult longfin goby, comprising a culture pond 10 and a concentric circle culture pond, wherein the concentric circle culture pond comprises an inner circle pond 19 and an outer ring pond disposed outside the inner circle pond 19, and the outer ring pond comprises a plurality of partition ponds 17 and a pump pond 16;

[0041] A plurality of breeding ponds 10 form a series-parallel cascade breeding system; wherein the plurality of breeding ponds 10 are connected in series through a circulating water outlet pipe 7 and in parallel through a flowing water inlet pipe 2; the breeding ponds 10 are connected to the partition pond 17 through a circulating water outlet main pipe 11, and the pump pond 16 is connected to the breeding pond 10 through a circulating water inlet main pipe 5 and a circulating water inlet pipe 6 in turn.

[0042] Preferably, the flowing water inlet pipe 2 is connected to the flowing water main inlet pipe 1 , and the breeding pond 10 is also provided with a flowing water outlet pipe 4 , and the flowing water outlet pipe 4 is connected to the flowing water main outlet pipe 3 .

[0043] Preferably, the breeding pond 10 includes three three-level breeding ponds, the first-level breeding pond is 1.6m high and 0.8m deep; the second-level breeding pond is 1.2m high and 0.8m deep; the third-level breeding pond is 0.8m high and 0.6m deep; the bottom of each breeding pond is supported by a PP board.

[0044] Preferably, the intermediate station pipe 9 of the culture pond 10 is provided with a three-way valve which is connected to the circulating water outlet pipe 7 and the flowing water outlet pipe 4 respectively, so as to switch between circulating culture and flowing water culture.

[0045] Preferably, the partition pool 17 includes a multi-stage biological filter pool and a multi-stage ultraviolet filter pool that are connected in sequence, and a common wall is shared between two adjacent pools. The common wall of the first-stage biological filter pool and the pump pool 16 has a height consistent with the depth of the outer loop pool. The common wall of the first and second partition pools of the first-stage biological filter pool has a gap between the bottom of the wall and the bottom of the pool, and the top is flush with the loop pool; the common wall of the second and third partition pools has a height of 0 from the bottom of the pool, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool; and so on, the common wall of the tenth-stage partition pool and the pump pool has a height of 0 from the bottom of the wall, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool;

[0046] Ultraviolet lamps 18 are arranged in the sixth to tenth level partition pools.

[0047] Further preferably, an overflow pipe of the inner circular pool 19 is provided in the first-level partition pool, and the sewage station pipe of the inner circular pool 19 is located next to the pump pool. Two submersible variable frequency water pumps are arranged in the pump pool 16, one of which pumps water from the pump pool to the inner circular pool 19, enters the water laterally, and forms a vortex in the pool; the other is connected to the circulating water inlet system to supply water to the breeding pond 10.

[0048] Three circular pools 10 of PP material with a diameter of 2m are connected by a PVC inlet and outlet pipe system, which includes a circulating water inlet and outlet pipe system and a flowing water inlet and outlet pipe system. There are three levels of breeding pools. The first level breeding pool is 1.6m high and 0.8m deep; the second level breeding pool is 1.2m high and 0.8m deep; the third level breeding pool is 0.8m high and 0.6m deep; the bottom of each breeding pool is supported by a PP board. The inlet pipe of the first level breeding pool is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5cm, and the outlet pipe is the inlet pipe of the next level breeding pool, which is a PVC pipe with a diameter of 7.5cm. The drainage pipe 7 of the last level breeding pool is connected to the circulating water drainage main pipe 11, and the circulating water drainage main pipe 11 is connected to the first level biological filter pool of the concentric pool. The circulating water inlet main pipe 5 divides an inlet pipe above each breeding pool, and each is provided with a valve to realize the parallel connection of the breeding pools. The main water inlet pipe divides into an inlet pipe above each breeding pond, and each is provided with a valve; the drainage pipe of each breeding pond is connected to the main water drainage pipe, and each is provided with a valve. The series-parallel cascade breeding system is placed above the ground.

[0049] The concentric circle breeding pond is a cement pool with a concentric circle structure of 6m in diameter and 1.4m in depth. The inner circle pool 19 has a diameter of 4m and the outer ring pool has a width of 1m. It includes 10 partition pools of the same size and 1 pump pool 16. The area of ​​the pump pool is twice that of the partition pool 17. The 1st to 5th level partition pools on the left side of the pump pool are biological filter pools for filtering and treating pollutants in the water; 10 ultraviolet lamp tubes 18 of 30W or above are arranged in each of the 6th to 10th level partition pools, which are arranged in 2 rows with a row spacing of 30cm, and the spacing between each row of lamp tubes is also 30cm. The hydraulic retention time of the water body in the ultraviolet irradiation area is 15min; the wall shared by the 1st level partition pool and the pump pool has a height consistent with the depth of the outer loop pool to prevent the water from the pump pool from flowing into the partition pool; the shared wall of the 1st and 2nd level partition pools has a bottom height of 10cm from the pool bottom and the top is flush with the loop pool; the shared wall of the 2nd and 3rd level partition pools has a bottom height of 0cm from the pool bottom and the top is 20cm lower than the height of the loop pool; and by analogy, the shared wall of the 10th level partition pool and the pump pool has a bottom height of 0cm from the pool bottom and the top is 20cm lower than the height of the loop pool. The overflow pipe of the inner circular pool is set in the first-level partition pool, with a diameter of 16cm and a height of 1.1m. The sewage station pipe of the inner circular pool is located next to the pump pool and is 1.6m high. Two submersible variable frequency water pumps are set in the pump pool, one of which pumps water from the pump pool to the inner circular pool, enters the water laterally, and forms a vortex in the pool; the other is connected to the circulating water inlet system to supply water to the multi-stage breeding system. The direction of water flow in the concentric circle aquaculture system is as follows: the water in the inner circle pool overflows to the first-stage partition pool, then flows up and down in a zigzag shape through the biological filter partition pool and the ultraviolet lamp partition pool, and finally enters the pump pool and is pumped into the inner circle pool; the direction of water flow in the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system is as follows: the water in the aquaculture pool of the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system enters the first-stage partition pool through the circulating drainage main pipe, then flows up and down in a zigzag shape through the biological filter partition pool and the ultraviolet lamp partition pool, and finally enters the pump pool and is pumped into the aquaculture pool of the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system through the circulating water inlet main pipe. The concentric circle aquaculture system is all located below the ground.

[0050] The method for using the multi-stage breeding system is as follows: fill the multi-stage breeding system with water, then turn on the frequency conversion water pump of the inner circle pool, and the direction of water flow in the concentric circle breeding system is as follows: the water in the inner circle pool overflows to the first-stage partition pool, then flows in a zigzag shape through the biological filter partition pool and the ultraviolet lamp partition pool, and finally enters the pump pool and is pumped into the inner circle pool; then turn on the frequency conversion water pump of the series-parallel cascade breeding system, and the direction of water flow in the series-parallel cascade breeding system is as follows: the breeding pool water of the series-parallel cascade breeding system enters the first-stage partition pool through the circulating drainage main pipe, then flows in a zigzag shape through the biological filter partition pool and the ultraviolet lamp partition pool, and finally enters the pump pool, and is pumped into the breeding pool of the series-parallel cascade breeding system through the circulating water inlet main pipe. If you want to switch a certain aquaculture pond to the flow-through aquaculture mode, you need to close the circulating water inlet pipe valve, replace the station pipe with a station pipe without holes in the pipe wall, open the flow-through water inlet pipe valve and the flow-through water outlet pipe valve, and you can switch this aquaculture pond to the flow-through mode while keeping other aquaculture ponds in the circulation mode. This system improves the water resource utilization efficiency by 3 times compared to single-pond aquaculture.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The system of Example 1 is used to carry out a method for cultivating adult longfin goby (1-year-old fish), and the method comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Seed cultivation: After temporary rearing, opening, feeding, and pond transfer, adult long-fin goby (1-year-old fish) are obtained;

[0054] Step 2: Transfer the adult long-fin goby into the long-fin goby adult fish breeding system, adjust the water change rate of the breeding pond, and prevent and control Ichthyophthirius scoparia. Adjust the frequency of the two variable frequency water pumps in the pump pool (16) to adjust the water inflow into the inner circular pool 19 and the breeding pool 10;

[0055] Step 3: Scrub the pool bottom and pool wall: Use a brush with a sponge to clean the pool bottom and pool wall of the culture pool 10 of the series-parallel cascade culture system and the outer ring pool and inner circle pool 19 in the concentric circle culture pool 1-2 times a day, the purpose is to remove the Ichthyophthirius cysts attached to the pool bottom and pool wall and other attachments to the pool bottom and pool wall. Each time the series-parallel cascade culture system is cleaned, the series-parallel cascade culture system is switched to the flow mode to discharge the dirty water outside the system;

[0056] Step 4: An artificial light source (5W LED lamp) is set up above each breeding pond 10 (1 meter above), and a controller is used to control the switch of the light source. In the first stage (10 days before breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 2min, that is, the light is turned on for 2min and then turned off for 2min. After 10 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 1h, and this is performed once each day and night; in the second stage (15 days of breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 1min, that is, the light is turned on for 1min and then turned off for 1min. After 20 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 2h, and this is performed once each day and night; in the third stage (25 days of breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 0.5min, that is, the light is turned on for 0.5min and then turned off for 0.5min. After 40 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 3h, and this is performed once each day and night.

[0057] Step 5: Increase fish immunity: Feed twice a day, one of which is a specific biological live feed cultivated specifically for improving the immunity of long-fin goby, and the other is a common commercial feed;

[0058] Step 6: Prevention and control of Ichthyophthirius scoparia disease: In this system, it is difficult for Ichthyophthirius scoparia to parasitize on the fish body, but occasionally some fish will be infested with Ichthyophthirius scoparia. The earlier the Ichthyophthirius scoparia disease is discovered, the easier it is to treat. Therefore, every day, the long-finned goby cultured in each system is randomly inspected to see if there are Ichthyophthirius scoparia parasites on their body surface. Once small white spots are found on the fish body surface, the breeding pond is immediately switched to the flow mode, and the water intake of the flow pipe is increased to make the water change rate reach no less than 200 times / d. Clean the bottom and wall of the breeding pond and the circulation pond with a brush tied with a sponge 2-3 times a day, and check the Ichthyophthirius scoparia on the surface of the fish in the pond every day. After the Ichthyophthirius scoparia on the fish body has completely fallen off, switch to the circulation breeding mode.

[0059] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in step 1, the water change rate of the inner circular pool 19 and each culture pool 10 of the series-parallel cascade culture system is 25 times / d, and the flow rate is not less than 0.25m / s. Ensure that the total ultraviolet radiation dose received by the cysts or larvae of Ichthyophthirius minimus is 1100mW s / cm 2 .

[0060] Preferably, the method includes the following steps 5, the cultivation method of the specific biological live bait is: use a canvas pool of 4m long, 2m wide and 1m high as the cultivation pool of the specific biological live bait, add water to 0.8m of the canvas pool, hang 20 meshes of 1.9m long and 1m wide in the pool, and the two long sides of the mesh are fixed on the steel bars to ensure that the mesh is fully unfolded, pour 3 kg of commercial feed, fully aerate and increase oxygen, and add 1 kg of active yeast after the water body turns green. After the water body is dark green, put the snail seedlings, add 1 kg of commercial feed and 0.3 kg of active yeast every week, and collect snails every day for feeding. Yeast contains extremely rich protein, and its fermented products are rich in vitamins, minerals, digestive enzymes, growth factors, peptides, multiple essential amino acids and fatty acids. It is another important source of protein after animal protein and plant protein. These special nutrients can stimulate the defense ability of the immune system, reduce the production of toxic substances in the intestine, and have a promoting effect on the immune function of the body. This specific biological bait cultivated can significantly improve the growth and immunity of the long-finned goby, enhance its resistance to Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and reduce the probability of an Ichthyophthirius multifiliis disease outbreak.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Based on Example 2, in step 1, the water change rate of the inner circular pond 19 and each aquaculture pond 10 of the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system is 25 times / d, and the flow rate is changed.

[0063] In February 2022, the experiment set up two experimental groups, namely the high flow rate group (0.466m / s) and the low flow rate group (0.205m / s). Each experimental group had three parallel experimental groups. The water exchange rate of each experimental group was the same. Each parallel experimental group stocked 20 adult longfin goby and cultured them for 120 days. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] As shown in Table 1, the high flow rate experimental group did not have an outbreak of Ichthyophthirius spp., and the survival rate of the fish was 100%, while the control group began to have an outbreak of Ichthyophthirius spp. 10 to 18 days after the start of the experiment, and the final survival rate was 0. This fully demonstrates that this method can significantly improve the survival rate of adult long-fin goby and effectively prevent Ichthyophthirius spp.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] In November 2022, an ultraviolet irradiation and killing test on the isolated trophozoites of Ichthyophthirius was carried out. Two 30W ultraviolet lamps were used for simultaneous irradiation. The experiment was divided into an experimental group and a control group. The irradiation distance and irradiation time of the experimental group were different, and the control group did not receive any treatment. The results in Table 2 show that ultraviolet rays have a significant killing effect on the isolated trophozoites of Ichthyophthirius.

[0070] Table 2

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Example 5

[0074] Based on Example 2, the conditions in step 4 were changed:

[0075] Embodiment 2: Step 4: An artificial light source (5W LED lamp) is set above each breeding pond 10 (1 meter above), and a controller is used to control the switch of the light source. In the first stage (10 days before breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 2min, that is, the light is turned on for 2min and then turned off for 2min. After 10 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 1h, and this is performed once each day and night; in the second stage (15 days of breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 1min, that is, the light is turned on for 1min and then turned off for 1min. After 20 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 2h, and this is performed once each day and night; in the third stage (25 days of breeding): the light switching frequency is set to 0.5min, that is, the light is turned on for 0.5min and then turned off for 0.5min. After 40 cycles in sequence, the light is set to a long-light state, which is turned off after 3h, and this is performed once each day and night.

[0076] Example 5-1: Artificial light source 10W, other aspects are the same as Example 2.

[0077] Example 5-2: Artificial light source 8W, other parameters are the same as Example 2.

[0078] Example 5-3: Artificial light source 1W; other aspects are the same as Example 2.

[0079] Example 5-4: The first stage (10 days before breeding), the second stage (15 days of breeding), and the third stage (25 days of breeding) are set to be in a long-on state. Others are the same as in Example 2.

[0080] Example 5-5: The second stage (15 days of cultivation) and the third stage (25 days of cultivation) are set to be in a long-light state. Others are the same as in Example 2.

[0081] Control group: not processed by step 4, and the rest is the same as in Example 2.

[0082] After light acclimation, the long-finned goby can adapt to bright light, and it was unexpectedly discovered that proper light source stimulation (appropriate light intensity and light time) can greatly reduce the probability of infection and outbreak of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

[0083] From April to October 2022, a light acclimation control experiment was carried out for 120 days.

[0084] Table 3

[0085]

[0086] Example 6

[0087] Based on Example 2, change the specific biological live bait in step 5:

[0088] The cultivation method of specific biological live bait is as follows: use a canvas pool with a length of 4m, a width of 2m and a height of 1m as the cultivation pool for specific biological live bait, add water to 0.8m of the canvas pool, hang 20 meshes with a length of 1.9m and a width of 1m in the pool, and fix the two long sides of the meshes on the steel bars to ensure that the meshes are fully unfolded, pour in 3 kg of commercial feed, fully aerate and oxygenate the water, and add 1 kg of active yeast after the water turns green. After the water turns dark green, put in snail seedlings, add 1 kg of commercial feed and 0.3 kg of active yeast every week, and collect snails for feeding every day.

[0089] The feed group was fed with commercial feed, and the feeding frequency and feeding amount were the same as those of the biological live bait group.

[0090] From April 2022 to April 2023, a controlled experiment of feeding live bait was carried out for 365 days. The experimental results showed that the live bait group had significantly higher survival rate, weight gain rate and immunity indicators than the live bait group, indicating that feeding live bait significantly improved the growth performance and immunity of the long-fin goby.

[0091] Table 4

[0092]

[0093] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations of the present invention. The embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding adult long-fin goby, characterized in that: The method adopts a breeding system comprising a breeding pond (10) and a concentric circle breeding pond, wherein the concentric circle breeding pond comprises an inner circle pond (19) and an outer ring pond arranged outside the inner circle pond (19), and the outer ring pond is composed of a plurality of partition ponds (17) and a pump pond (16); A plurality of breeding ponds (10) form a series-parallel cascade breeding system; wherein the plurality of breeding ponds (10) are connected in series via a circulating water outlet pipe (7) and in parallel via a flowing water inlet pipe (2); the breeding ponds (10) are connected to the partition pond (17) via a circulating water outlet main pipe (11), and the pump pond (16) is connected to the breeding pond (10) via a circulating water inlet main pipe (5) and a circulating water inlet pipe (6); The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Seed cultivation: After temporary rearing, opening, feeding, and pond transfer, adult long-fin goby are obtained; Step 2: Transfer the adult long-fin goby into the long-fin goby adult culture system, adjust the water change rate of the culture pond, prevent and control Ichthyophthirius spp., adjust the frequency of the two variable frequency water pumps in the pump pond (16), adjust the water inflow into the inner circular pond (19) and the culture pond (10), and ensure that the total ultraviolet radiation dose received by the Ichthyophthirius spp. cysts or larvae in the partition pond (17) is not less than 1000 mW s / cm 2 ; Step 3: Scrubbing the pool bottom and pool wall: 1-2 times a day, the pool bottom and pool wall of the culture pool (10) of the series-parallel cascade culture system and the outer ring pool and inner circle pool (19) in the concentric circle culture pool are cleaned with a brush with a sponge, the purpose is to remove the Ichthyophthirius cysts attached to the pool bottom and pool wall and other attachments to the pool bottom and pool wall. Each time the cleaning is performed, the series-parallel cascade culture system is switched to a flow mode to discharge dirty water outside the system; Step 4: An artificial light source is set above each culture pond (10), and a controller is used to control the switch of the light source. In the first stage (the first 10 days of culture), the light switch frequency is set to 2 minutes, that is, the light is turned on for 2 minutes and then turned off for 2 minutes. After 10 cycles, the light is set to a long-lasting state, which lasts for 1 hour before being turned off. This is performed once during the day and once at night. In the second stage (the 11th to 20th days of culture), the light switch frequency is set to 1 minute, that is, the light is turned on for 1 minute and then turned off for 1 minute. After 20 cycles, the light is set to a long-lasting state, which lasts for 2 hours before being turned off. This is performed once during the day and once at night. In the third stage (the 21st to 30th days of culture), the light switch frequency is set to 0.5 minutes, that is, the light is turned on for 0.5 minutes and then turned off for 0.5 minutes. After 40 cycles, the light is set to a long-lasting state, which lasts for 3 hours before being turned off. This is performed once during the day and once at night. After light acclimation, the long-finned goby adapts to the bright light and does not aggregate in the pond, which greatly reduces the probability of infection and outbreak of Ichthyophthirius gracilis. Step 5: Increase fish immunity: Feed twice a day, one of which is a specific biological live feed specially cultivated to improve the immunity of long-fin goby, and the other is a common commercial feed; Step 6: Prevention and control of Ichthyophthirius scoparia disease: In this system, it is difficult for Ichthyophthirius scoparia to parasitize on the fish body. Randomly check the longfin goby cultured in each system every week to observe whether its body surface is parasitic on Ichthyophthirius scoparia. Once small white spots are found on the fish body surface, immediately switch the breeding pond to flow mode, open the water flow pipe to increase the water intake, and make the water change rate reach no less than 200 times / d. Clean the bottom and wall of the breeding pond and the circulation pond with a brush tied with a sponge 2-3 times a day, and check the Ichthyophthirius scoparia on the fish body surface in the pond every day. After the Ichthyophthirius scoparia has completely fallen off the fish body, switch to the circulation breeding mode.

2. The method for breeding adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flowing water inlet pipe (2) is connected to the flowing water main inlet pipe (1), and the breeding pond (10) is also provided with a flowing water outlet pipe (4), and the flowing water outlet pipe (4) is connected to the flowing water main outlet pipe (3).

3. The method for breeding adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture pond (10) comprises three three-level culture ponds, wherein the first-level culture pond is 1.6 m high and 0.8 m deep; the second-level culture pond is 1.2 m high and 0.8 m deep; The third-level breeding pond is 0.8m high and 0.6m deep; the bottom of each breeding pond is supported by PP board.

4. The method for breeding adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate station pipe (9) of the culture pond (10) is provided with a three-way valve which is respectively connected to the circulating water outlet pipe (7) and the flowing water outlet pipe (4).

5. The method for cultivating adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition pool (17) It includes a multi-stage biological filter pool and a multi-stage ultraviolet light filter pool that are connected in sequence. The adjacent pools share a wall. The wall shared by the first-stage biological filter pool and the pump pool (16) has a height that is consistent with the depth of the outer loop pool. The shared wall of the first and second-stage partition pools of the first-stage biological filter pool has a gap between the bottom of the wall and the bottom of the pool, and the top is flush with the loop pool. The shared wall of the second and third-stage partition pools has a height of 0 from the bottom of the pool, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool. Similarly, the shared wall of the tenth-stage partition pool and the pump pool has a height of 0 from the bottom of the pool, and the top is lower than the height of the loop pool. Ultraviolet lamp tubes (18) are arranged in each of the sixth to tenth isolation pools.

6. The method for cultivating adult longfin goby according to claim 5, characterized in that: An overflow pipe of the inner circular pool (19) is provided in the first-stage partition pool. The sewage station pipe of the inner circular pool (19) is located next to the pump pool. Two submersible variable frequency water pumps are provided in the pump pool (16). One pumps water from the pump pool to the inner circular pool (19), and the water enters the pool laterally to form a vortex in the pool. The other pump is connected to the circulating water inlet system to supply water to the breeding pool (10).

7. The method for cultivating adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: in step 2, the water exchange rate of each aquaculture pond (10) of the inner circular pond (19), the outer ring pond, and the series-parallel cascade aquaculture system is 20-30 times / d, and the flow rate is not less than 0.25 m / s.

8. The method for cultivating adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps 4, wherein the method for cultivating specific biological live bait is as follows: using a canvas pool with a length of 4m, a width of 2m and a height of 1m as a cultivation pool for specific biological live bait, adding water to 0.8m of the canvas pool, hanging 20 meshes with a length of 1.9m and a width of 1m in the pool, fixing the two long sides of the meshes on steel bars to ensure that the meshes are fully unfolded, pouring in 3kg of commercial feed, fully aerating and oxygenating, adding 1kg of active yeast after the water turns green, and putting snail seedlings in after the water turns dark green, adding 1kg of commercial feed and 0.3kg of active yeast every week, and collecting snails for feeding every day.

9. The method for cultivating adult longfin goby according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, temporary rearing: before the fry ruptures, they are transferred to a temporary rearing pond, which includes a 2-meter pond, a 4-meter pond and a pond temporary rearing cage (40 mesh); Newly hatched fry cannot be transferred directly to the pond cages because the temperature difference is too large. They can be slowly heated to the pond water temperature in the temporary holding pond first, and then transferred one day before opening; Opening: Observe the yolk sac absorption of the fry every day, start feeding a small amount of rotifers at 4 days old, observe the feeding of the fry, and increase the feeding amount day by day; After the fry start to open their mouths, start to slowly increase the temperature; Feeding: 5 days after the baby starts to eat, start feeding a small amount of compound feed, and then gradually increase the proportion of compound feed; Transfer to ponds: At around 20 to 30 days of age, 1 / 2 of the fry in the 2m and 4m temporary holding ponds are transferred to the breeding cages (20 mesh), and the remaining 1 / 2 of the fry are still cultured in the original facilities; 1 / 2 of the fry in the temporary holding cages are transferred to ponds, and the remaining 1 / 2 of the fry continue to be cultured in the temporary holding cages; after 25 to 30 days of culture, 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the fry are transferred from the ponds, breeding cages and temporary holding cages to the flow-through system depending on the situation, and released after 2 months of culture.

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