Press-rotate type function sequence conversion water jet cutter and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of coal mine safety technology, and relates to a pressure-rotation type function sequence conversion water jet cutter and a method of using the same, including a cutter body and a function conversion mechanism; the cutter body has a cylindrical inner cavity and m axial function circular holes connected thereto, and the function conversion mechanism includes a valve core, a function conversion slide sleeve and an elastic member; the outer wall of the valve core is provided with n radially extending elastic guide bosses, and the sliding groove provided on the function conversion slide sleeve is composed of n independent groove sub-units distributed in parallel, and the groove sub-unit has a plurality of grooves connected by sinusoidal arc structure grooves to form a circular connection structure, and each groove is provided with a step structure matched with the elastic guide boss; the function sequence conversion is realized by controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure water flow. The present invention solves the problems of low reliability of function conversion of conventional cutters and small water output of drilling functions, and can greatly improve the working efficiency of water jet cutting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety, and relates to a pressure-rotation type function sequence conversion water jet cutter and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The permeability of coal seams in my country is generally low, and low permeability has become a difficult problem that restricts the efficient extraction of coal seam gas in coal mines. In addition, as the mining depth gradually increases, the problems of high gas pressure, high ground stress, and low permeability in coal seams become more prominent. The risks of excessive gas outburst and coal and gas outbursts faced by coal mining have increased significantly, becoming an important problem that restricts the safe and efficient production of coal mines in my country. Hydraulic cutting technology can be widely used in the decompression and permeability enhancement of working faces in high ground stress, high gas, and low permeability coal seams. It is an important technical method for efficient extraction of gas and prevention and control of coal and gas outbursts in underground coal mines.

[0003] The water jet cutting system is the implementation equipment of the hydraulic slitting technology, and the water jet cutter is the key device of the water jet slitting system. Conventional water jet cutting systems use a high-low pressure conversion cutter, which uses high-pressure water to push the valve core to move horizontally to block the channel to achieve the closure of the water flow channel, meeting the requirements of the cutting system's low-pressure water drilling and high-pressure water slitting integrated drilling and cutting functions.

[0004] However, conventional water jet cutting systems often have the following problems: (1) The high-low pressure conversion cutter generally only has two functions: drilling and slitting. The valve core translation method based on pressure control is difficult to achieve precise switching of multiple functions. (2) The function conversion water pressure threshold of this type of design depends on the stiffness and deformation length of the reset spring in the cutter. Due to the processing accuracy of the components and the discreteness of the spring, the high-low pressure conversion threshold is difficult to control accurately. During field application, it is easy to encounter situations such as difficulty in function conversion or unexpected conversion due to water volume fluctuations, and the drilling and maintenance will reduce the operation efficiency. (3) Due to the setting of the high-low pressure conversion threshold, there is a limit on the water flow allowed to pass through the cutter during drilling, and the applicable coal seam range and working conditions of drilling and cutting are limited. (4) Conventional designs can no longer meet the requirements of intelligent hydraulic slitting technology for high precision and high reliability of the cutter water jet function conversion. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-rotation function sequence conversion water jet cutter and a method of using the same, so as to broaden the applicable engineering geological conditions of hydraulic cutting technology and improve the working efficiency of hydraulic cutting technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A pressure-rotation type function sequence conversion water jet cutter, comprising a cutter body and a function conversion mechanism, wherein the cutter body has a cylindrical inner cavity for accommodating the function conversion mechanism, and m axial function circular holes connected to the cylindrical inner cavity, and the axial function circular holes are arranged on one side of the cylindrical inner cavity close to the front end of the cutter body, and the side wall of the cutter body is provided with a plurality of radial circular holes connected to different axial function circular holes, the radial circular holes are connected to nozzles, and the apertures of the nozzles connected to each radial circular hole are different, a drill bit is connected to the front end of the cutter body, and a drilled water hole with one end connected to the drill bit is provided in the cutter body, and the other end of the drilled water hole is connected to one of the plurality of axial function circular holes;

[0008] The function conversion mechanism comprises a valve core, a function conversion slide sleeve and an elastic member, wherein the valve core has a valve core through-hole, the function conversion slide sleeve is fixedly installed in the cylindrical inner cavity, the valve core is slidably installed in the function conversion slide sleeve, one end of the elastic member is connected to the valve core, and the other end is connected to one end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial function circular hole, so as to push the valve core away from the end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial function circular hole;

[0009] The outer wall of the valve core is provided with n radially extending elastic guide bosses, and the inner wall of the function conversion slide sleeve is provided with a sliding groove matching the elastic guide bosses, the sliding groove is composed of n independent groove sub-units distributed in parallel, each groove sub-unit has 1 initial recovery slot, m functional slots and m-1 interval recovery slots, and different slots are connected by grooves with a sinusoidal arc structure to form a circular connection structure;

[0010] The elastic guiding boss comprises a pin and a compression elastic member, one end of the compression elastic member is fixedly connected to the valve core, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pin, the pin is inserted into the sliding groove, and a step structure cooperating with the elastic guiding boss is provided at each functional slot and the restoration slot, so that the elastic guiding boss performs a clockwise or counterclockwise circular sliding around the center of the groove subunit when the groove subunit slides, when the elastic guiding boss slides between two adjacent functional slots, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate θ° in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, when the initial restoration slot slides to the functional slot adjacent to it or the functional slot adjacent to the initial restoration slot slides to the initial restoration slot, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate ((m-1)*θ / 2)°, and the rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the valve core when the elastic guiding boss of the valve core slides between the two functional slots, wherein So that the functional slots are switched in a cyclic sequence, and the m axial functional circular holes are distributed around the central arc of the valve core at intervals of θ°, so that each time the valve core abuts against one end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial functional circular hole, the through circular hole of the valve core is aligned with the multiple axial functional circular holes in sequence.

[0011] Furthermore, a first central blind hole is provided at the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity, a second central blind hole is provided at an end of the valve core close to the first central blind hole, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the first central blind hole and the second central blind hole, and are movably connected to the first central blind hole and / or the second central blind hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic member is a return spring, and the compression elastic member is a compression spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the function conversion slide sleeve is installed in the cylindrical inner cavity through a fixing structure, and the fixing structure includes a shoulder arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity, an annular groove and a hole retaining ring installed in the annular groove, and the two ends of the function conversion slide sleeve are respectively connected to the shoulder and the hole retaining ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the function conversion slide sleeve and the cylindrical inner cavity are connected by interference fit or key connection, so that the function conversion slide sleeve and the cylindrical inner cavity are circumferentially fixedly connected.

[0015] Furthermore, the step structure includes a slope arranged obliquely upward along the sliding direction of the elastic guiding boss and a step connected to the slope and arranged downward, and the compression length of the compression spring matches the height of the step.

[0016] A method for using a press-rotate type function sequence conversion water jet cutter, using the above-mentioned press-rotate type function sequence conversion water jet cutter, the cutting method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0017] a. High-pressure water is turned on. Under the combined effect of the high-pressure water flow and the guidance of the sliding groove, the valve core slides and rotates toward the front end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide boss enters the preset functional slot. The front end of the valve core fits tightly with the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The axial through hole of the valve core is connected with any one of the m axial functional holes. High-pressure water flows into the connected axial functional hole, and the other axial functional holes are blocked by the end face of the valve core. The water jet cutting system enters the preset functional state;

[0018] b. When function switching is required, the high-pressure water is turned off, and under the combined action of the elastic member pushing and the sliding groove guiding, the valve core slides and rotates toward the tail end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide boss enters the interval recovery groove or the initial recovery groove, so that all axial functional circular holes are in an open state;

[0019] c. Turn on the high-pressure water again. Under the combined effect of the high-pressure water flow and the guidance of the sliding groove, the valve core slides and rotates toward the front end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide protrusion enters the next set functional slot. The front end of the valve core fits tightly with the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The axial through hole of the valve core is connected with the axial functional hole of the next sequence in the function conversion sequence. The remaining axial functional holes are blocked by the end face of the valve core, and the water jet cutter enters the next sequential switching function state;

[0020] d. Repeat the cycle by controlling the opening and closing of high-pressure water to achieve sequential switching of multiple axial functional circular holes, thereby achieving sequential switching of the functional states of the water jet cutting system.

[0021] Furthermore, there are three axial functional circular holes, two of which are connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle respectively through radial circular holes, and the other axial functional circular hole is connected to the drill bit, and the aperture of the first nozzle is larger than the aperture of the second nozzle, so that the first nozzle is used as a hole expansion nozzle and the second nozzle is used as a slit;

[0022] Among them, the axial functional circular hole connected to the drill bit, the axial functional circular hole connected to the first nozzle and the axial functional circular hole connected to the second nozzle are arranged in sequence along the rotation direction of the valve core when the elastic guiding boss slides between two adjacent functional slots, so as to realize the sequential conversion of the drilling-expansion-cutting functions of the water jet cutter by controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure water flow.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention provides a pressure-rotation function sequence conversion water jet cutter and a method of using the same. The cutter adopts a motion structure design that combines valve core translation and rotation to realize the opening and closing of water flow channels with different functions. The cutting system controls the opening and closing sequence steps of the high-pressure water flow through an overflow pressure regulating valve to realize the sequential conversion of the system's drilling, reaming and slitting functions.

[0025] The function conversion of the present invention does not rely on the change of water flow pressure in the conventional method, but is switched by rotating the function conversion slide sleeve through the axial movement of the valve core. The water jet function conversion is accurate and reliable, which can meet the function conversion control requirements of the cutter by intelligent hydraulic slitting technology. In addition, the present invention adopts a sine wave sliding groove in combination with a step structure and an elastic guide boss to ensure the stability and reliability of the unidirectional sliding of the elastic guide boss at different slots, and ensure the accuracy of the function switching.

[0026] The water flow rate allowed to pass through the present invention is not restricted in any functional state such as drilling, reaming and cutting. The integrated operation of drilling, reaming and cutting is applicable to all coal seam conditions and hole depth conditions, and can greatly improve the work efficiency of coal seam hydraulic cutting operations. The operation is simple, efficient, and effective, and it has significant economic benefits and promotion and application value.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter body in the embodiment when no high-pressure water passes through;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter body in the expanded hole state in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross section BB;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of cross section AA;

[0033] Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the guiding boss structure;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the planar unfolded structure of the sliding groove in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the functional slot structure.

[0036] Figure markings: 1-cutter body, 2-annular groove, 3-function conversion slide sleeve, 4-valve core, 5-shaft shoulder, 6-cylindrical inner cavity, 7-reset spring, 8-axial functional circular hole, 9-radial circular hole, 10-first nozzle, 11-drill bit, 12-front end of cutter, 13-hole clamping ring, 14-filter plate, 15-elastic guide boss, 151-pin, 152-compression spring, 16-valve core through hole, 17-second center blind hole, 18-first center blind hole, 19-second nozzle, 20-drilling water hole, 21-sliding groove, 22-drilling function slot, 23-hole expansion function slot, 24-slit function slot, 25-initial interval recovery slot, 26-first interval recovery slot, 27-second interval recovery slot, 28-step structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0039] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7, is a press-rotation type function sequence conversion water jet cutter, comprising a cutter body 1, a first nozzle 10, a second nozzle 19, a drill bit 11, a function conversion mechanism and a fixing structure; the cutter body 1 is provided with a cylindrical inner cavity 6 for accommodating the function conversion mechanism and three axial functional circular holes 8 connected with the cylindrical inner cavity 6, and two radial circular holes 9 connected with two of the axial functional circular holes 8 are provided on the side wall; the first nozzle 10 and the second nozzle 19 are respectively installed in the two radial circular holes 9;

[0041] The tail end of the cutter body 1 is connected to a high-pressure sealed drill rod, and the drill bit 11 is installed on the front end 12 of the cutter body 1 through threads. A drilled water hole 20 is arranged at the front end of the cutter body 1, and the drilled water hole 20 is connected to another axial functional circular hole 8;

[0042] The function conversion mechanism includes a valve core 4, a function conversion slide sleeve 3 and a reset spring 7. The function conversion slide sleeve 3 is installed in the cylindrical inner cavity 6 through a fixed structure. The valve core 4 is rotatably installed in the function conversion slide sleeve 3 and is slidably connected. One end of the reset spring 7 is connected to the valve core 4, and the other end is connected to the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity 6 to limit the axial position of the valve core 4.

[0043] Key References Figure 2 to Figure 7 The bottom of the cylindrical inner cavity 6 is provided with a first central blind hole 18 concentric therewith and three axial functional circular holes 8 distributed around the center and at equal angles. The three axial functional circular holes 8 are respectively connected to water flow channels for realizing different functions. The first central blind hole 18 is used to install the reset spring 7; the valve core 4 is designed as a thick-walled cylindrical, and one end of the valve core 4 is provided with a second central blind hole 17 and an axially penetrating valve core through hole 16; the second central blind hole 17 matches the position of the first central blind hole 18 at the bottom of the cylindrical inner cavity of the cutter body, and is used to install the reset spring 7, and the reset spring 7 is movably connected to the first central blind hole and / or the second central blind hole, and the size and position of the valve core through hole 16 match the axial functional circular hole 8 at the bottom of the cylindrical inner cavity.

[0044] The valve core 4 is installed in the function conversion slide sleeve 3, and three radially extending elastic guide bosses 15 are arranged on the outer wall of the valve core 4. The elastic guide bosses 15 are composed of a pin 151 and a compression spring 152. One end of the compression spring 152 is fixedly connected to the valve core 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pin 152, so that the elastic guide bosses 15 can have a certain amount of length expansion and contraction; a sliding groove 21 matching the elastic guide bosses 15 is machined and arranged on the inner wall of the function conversion slide sleeve 3, so that the valve core 4 can rotate when performing axial reciprocating motion, thereby realizing that the valve core through hole 16 is connected to different axial functional holes 8.

[0045] The sliding groove 21 is composed of n groove sub-units distributed in parallel, and each groove sub-unit is composed of m functional slots, 1 initial recovery slot, and m-1 interval recovery slots, wherein the number of functional slots in each groove sub-unit is equal to the number of axial functional circular holes 8; different slots are connected by grooves with a sinusoidal arc structure to form a circular connection structure; each slot is provided with a step structure 28, so that when the elastic guiding boss 15 slides in different functional slots in the sliding groove 21, it maintains a specific direction of sliding (moving in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction in the groove sub-unit). and when the guide boss of the valve core slides between the two functional slots, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate by θ° in a specific direction (clockwise or counterclockwise), and when the initial restoration slot slides to the functional slot adjacent to it or the functional slot adjacent to the initial restoration slot slides to the initial restoration slot, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate by ((m-1)*θ / 2)° in a specific direction (counterclockwise or clockwise) and the rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the valve core when the elastic guide boss 15 of the valve core slides between the two functional slots, thereby realizing the cyclic sequential switching of the functional slots, wherein And the m axial functional circular holes are arranged around the central arc of the valve core and are distributed at intervals of θ°, and all the axial functional circular holes are concentrated in a fan-shaped area within a certain angle range φ (usually φ≤120°), and the position of the valve core through hole 16 matches the fan-shaped area, so that each time the valve core abuts against one end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial functional circular hole, the valve core through hole is aligned with the multiple axial functional circular holes in sequence.

[0046] Specifically, the axial functional circular holes 8 are set to three and are distributed at intervals of 40°. The sliding groove 21 is composed of three independent semicircular groove sub-units, each of which is composed of three functional slots (drilling functional slot 22, hole expansion functional slot 23, slot cutting functional slot 24), one initial recovery slot 25, and two interval recovery slots (first interval recovery slot 26, second interval recovery slot 27); each slot is provided with a step structure 28, so that When the elastic guiding boss slides in different functional slots in the groove, it maintains sliding in a specific direction (cyclically sliding in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction in the groove sub-unit); and when the guiding boss 15 of the valve core slides between the three functional slots (for example, sliding from the drilling functional slot 22 to the reaming functional slot 23), the valve core 4 rotates 40° counterclockwise, and when the initial recovery slot 25 slides between the drilling functional slot 22 and the cutting functional slot 24, the valve core 4 rotates 40° clockwise.

[0047] like Figure 5-7As shown, the compression spring 152 is installed through a blind hole provided on the outer circle of the valve core 4, and the depth of the blind hole is greater than the length of the compression spring 152, so that one end of the pin 151 is inserted into the blind hole, thereby ensuring the stability of the elastic guide boss 15; secondly, the step height of the step structure 28 matches the compression length of the compression spring 152, so as to ensure that the elastic guide boss 15 always conflicts with the sliding groove 21 and can smoothly pass through the step structure 28, and the direction of the step structure 28 is unified, and the step structure 28 includes a step structure 28 along the elastic guide boss 1 The step structure 28 and the sliding groove 21 are used to ensure that when the elastic guiding protrusion 15 slides in different functional slots in the groove, the step structure 28 cooperates with the sliding groove 21 to keep the center of each groove subunit sliding clockwise in one direction, so that the elastic guiding protrusion 15 slides around the groove subunit for one circle, and the angles of the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the valve core 4 are equal, thereby realizing that the valve core through hole is aligned with the multiple axial functional circular holes in sequence when the valve core 4 rotates in a small range, thereby realizing the sequential switching of water flow functions.

[0048] When a fluid higher than a predetermined limit value (i.e., a pressure higher than the elastic force of the return spring 7) is applied to the inlet of the function conversion mechanism, i.e., the tail end of the cutter body 1, through the high-pressure water drill rod, the valve core 4 overcomes the elastic force applied by the return spring 7 and moves to the right, pressing on the bottom (right end) of the cylindrical inner cavity 6. After the high-pressure water is turned off, the valve core 4 moves to the left under the action of the return spring 7, thereby resetting.

[0049] The fixing structure includes a shaft shoulder 5 arranged at the front end of the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity 6 (the end close to the drill bit 11), an annular groove 2 arranged at the rear end, and a hole clamping ring 13 installed in the annular groove 2. One end of the function conversion slideway sleeve 3 is fixed by the shaft shoulder 5, and the other end is fixed by the hole clamping ring 13 and the filter plate 14 installed in the annular groove 2, so as to axially fix the function conversion slideway sleeve 3;

[0050] Preferably, the function conversion slideway sleeve 3 and the cylindrical inner cavity 6 are connected by interference fit or key connection so that the function conversion slideway sleeve 3 and the cylindrical inner cavity 6 are fixedly connected circumferentially.

[0051] Furthermore, the first nozzle 10 and the second nozzle 19 installed in the two radial circular holes 9 on the side wall of the cutter body 1 have different apertures, namely, a hole expansion nozzle and a slotting nozzle, and the aperture of the hole expansion nozzle is larger than that of the slotting nozzle.

[0052] In another embodiment, the valve core 4 is cylindrical in design.

[0053] The application process of this embodiment:

[0054] (1) Initial state: the elastic guide boss 15 is in the initial recovery slot 25, and all axial functional holes 8 at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 6 are in an open state;

[0055] (2) Turn on the high-pressure water and increase the working flow rate entering the high-pressure sealed drill pipe to a predetermined limit value (for example, 20 L / min). At this time, the valve core 4 inside the cutter body 1 moves to the right under the push of the high-pressure water flow, and rotates 40° clockwise under the guidance of the guide boss 15 and the sliding groove 21. The guide boss 15 enters the drilling function slot 22, and the axial through hole 16 matches and connects with the axial functional hole 8 connected to the drilling water hole 20. The system is in the drilling function state.

[0056] (3) When function switching is required, the high-pressure water flowing into the high-pressure sealing drill pipe is closed. At this time, under the combined action of the return spring 7 and the guide of the sliding groove 21, the valve core 4 returns to its original position and slides and rotates 20° counterclockwise, guiding the protruding column 15 into the first interval recovery groove 26, and all the axial functional circular holes 8 at the bottom of the cylindrical inner cavity 6 are in an open state;

[0057] (4) The high-pressure water is turned on again, and the working flow rate entering the high-pressure sealing drill pipe is increased to a predetermined limit value. The valve core 4 is pushed to the right by the high-pressure water flow, and rotates 20° counterclockwise under the guidance of the guide boss 15 and the sliding groove 21. The guide boss 15 enters the hole expansion function slot 23, and the axial through hole 16 is matched and connected with the axial functional hole 8 connected to the second nozzle 19, and the system is in the hole expansion function state;

[0058] (5) When function switching is required, the high-pressure water flowing into the high-pressure sealing drill pipe is closed. At this time, under the combined action of the return spring 7 and the guide of the sliding groove 21, the valve core 4 returns to its original position and rotates 20° counterclockwise, guiding the protruding column 15 into the second interval recovery groove 27, and all the axial functional circular holes 8 at the bottom of the cylindrical inner cavity 6 are in an open state;

[0059] (6) The high-pressure water is turned on again, and the working flow entering the high-pressure sealing drill pipe is increased to a predetermined limit value. The valve core 4 is pushed to the right by the high-pressure water flow, and rotates 20° counterclockwise under the guidance of the guide boss 15 and the sliding groove 21. The guide boss 15 enters the hole expansion function slot 23, and the axial through hole 16 is matched and connected with the axial functional hole 8 connected to the first nozzle 10, and the system is in the slotting function state;

[0060] (7) When function switching is required, the high-pressure water flowing into the high-pressure sealing drill pipe is closed, and the valve core 4, under the combined action of the reset spring 7 and the sliding groove 21, slides back and rotates 40° clockwise, guiding the protrusion 15 to enter the initial recovery groove 25, and all the axial functional holes 8 at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 6 are in an open state, returning to the initial state;

[0061] (8) By repeatedly turning off and on the high-pressure water in this way, the drilling, hole enlarging and slotting functions of the cutter can be sequentially switched.

[0062] The embodiment of the above application process takes the elastic guide boss 15 located at the initial recovery slot 25 as the initial position as an example, but is not limited to this. The elastic guide boss 15 located at the first interval recovery slot 26 or the second interval recovery slot 27 can also be used as the initial position for function switching.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiment is a cutter with three functions of drilling-reaming-slitting, and the order of function conversion can be achieved by adjusting the connecting nozzle on the cutter body. In addition, the number of functions of the cutter can be adjusted by adjusting the number of axial functional holes at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity of the cutter. For example, by reducing one axial functional hole, the cutter can be changed into a "drilling-slitting" two-function sequence conversion cutter, or a drilling-reaming two-function sequence conversion cutter; for example, the axial functional holes can be increased to four, and the cutter can be changed into a "drilling-reaming-slitting-punching" four-function sequence conversion cutter; it should be noted that when increasing or reducing axial functional holes, the groove subunits in the sliding groove 21 should be adjusted accordingly, so that they correspond one to one with the number of axial functional holes. This type of change implementation scheme is generally similar to the above implementation scheme and will not be described in detail.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press-rotate type function sequence conversion water jet cutter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cutter body and a function conversion mechanism, wherein the cutter body has a cylindrical inner cavity for accommodating the function conversion mechanism, and m axial functional circular holes connected with the cylindrical inner cavity, and the axial functional circular holes are arranged on one side of the cylindrical inner cavity close to the front end of the cutter body, and the side wall of the cutter body is provided with a plurality of radial circular holes connected with different axial functional circular holes, the radial circular holes are connected with nozzles, and the aperture of each nozzle connected with the radial circular hole is different, a drill bit is connected to the front end of the cutter body, and a drilled water hole with one end connected with the drill bit is provided in the cutter body, and the other end of the drilled water hole is connected with one of the plurality of axial functional circular holes; The function conversion mechanism comprises a valve core, a function conversion slide sleeve and an elastic member, wherein the valve core has a valve core through-hole, the function conversion slide sleeve is fixedly installed in the cylindrical inner cavity, the valve core is slidably installed in the function conversion slide sleeve, one end of the elastic member is connected to the valve core, and the other end is connected to one end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial function circular hole, so as to push the valve core away from the end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial function circular hole; The outer wall of the valve core is provided with n radially extending elastic guide bosses, and the inner wall of the function conversion slide sleeve is provided with a sliding groove matching the elastic guide bosses, the sliding groove is composed of n independent groove sub-units distributed in parallel, each groove sub-unit has 1 initial recovery slot, m functional slots and m-1 interval recovery slots, and different slots are connected by grooves with a sinusoidal arc structure to form a circular connection structure; The elastic guiding boss comprises a pin and a compression elastic member, one end of the compression elastic member is fixedly connected to the valve core, and the other end is fixedly connected to the pin, the pin is inserted into the sliding groove, and a step structure cooperating with the elastic guiding boss is provided at each functional slot and the recovery slot, so that the elastic guiding boss performs a clockwise or counterclockwise circular sliding around the center of the groove subunit when the groove subunit slides, and when the elastic guiding boss slides between two adjacent functional slots, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. θ °, when the initial restoration slot slides to the functional slot adjacent to it or the functional slot adjacent to the initial restoration slot slides to the initial restoration slot, the sliding groove guides the valve core to rotate ((m-1)*θ / 2)°, and the rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of the valve core when the elastic guiding protrusion of the valve core slides between the two functional slots, wherein , so that the functional slots are switched in a cyclic order, and the m axial functional circular holes surround the central arc of the valve core and are arranged in a θ ° are distributed at intervals so that each time the valve core abuts against one end of the cylindrical inner cavity connected to the axial functional circular hole, the through-hole of the valve core is aligned with the multiple axial functional circular holes in sequence.

2. The press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first central blind hole is provided at the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity, a second central blind hole is provided at one end of the valve core close to the first central blind hole, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the first central blind hole and the second central blind hole, and are movably connected to the first central blind hole and / or the second central blind hole.

3. The press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is a return spring, and the compression elastic member is a compression spring.

4. The press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function conversion slide sleeve is installed in the cylindrical inner cavity through a fixing structure, and the fixing structure includes a shaft shoulder, an annular groove and a hole retaining ring installed in the annular groove arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical inner cavity. The two ends of the function conversion slide sleeve are respectively connected to the shaft shoulder and the hole retaining ring.

5. The press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function conversion slideway sleeve and the cylindrical inner cavity are connected by interference fit or key, so that the function conversion slideway sleeve and the cylindrical inner cavity are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction.

6. The press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step structure comprises a slope arranged obliquely upward along the sliding direction of the elastic guiding boss and a step connected to the slope and arranged downward, and the compression length of the compression spring matches the height of the step.

7. A method for using a press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter, characterized in that: According to any one of claims 1 to 6, a press-rotation type function sequence conversion water jet cutter is used, and the method of using the water jet cutter specifically comprises the following steps: a. High-pressure water is turned on. Under the combined effect of the high-pressure water flow and the guidance of the sliding groove, the valve core slides and rotates toward the front end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide boss enters the preset functional slot. The front end of the valve core fits tightly with the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The axial through hole of the valve core is connected with any one of the m axial functional holes. High-pressure water flows into the connected axial functional hole, and the other axial functional holes are blocked by the end face of the valve core. The water jet cutting system enters the preset functional state; b. When function switching is required, the high-pressure water is turned off, and under the combined action of the elastic member pushing and the sliding groove guiding, the valve core slides and rotates toward the tail end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide boss enters the interval recovery groove or the initial recovery groove, so that all axial functional circular holes are in an open state; c. Turn on the high-pressure water again. Under the combined effect of the high-pressure water flow and the guidance of the sliding groove, the valve core slides and rotates toward the front end of the cutter body, and the elastic guide protrusion enters the next set functional slot. The front end of the valve core fits tightly with the front end of the cylindrical inner cavity. The axial through hole of the valve core is connected with the axial functional hole of the next sequence in the function conversion sequence. The remaining axial functional holes are blocked by the end face of the valve core, and the water jet cutter enters the next sequential switching function state; d. Repeat the cycle by controlling the opening and closing of high-pressure water to achieve sequential switching of multiple axial functional circular holes, thereby achieving sequential switching of the functional states of the water jet cutting system.

8. The method for using a press-rotate function sequence conversion water jet cutter according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are three axial functional circular holes, two of which are connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle respectively through radial circular holes, and the other axial functional circular hole is connected to the drill bit, and the aperture of the first nozzle is larger than the aperture of the second nozzle, so that the first nozzle is used as a hole expansion nozzle and the second nozzle is used as a slit; Among them, the axial functional circular hole connected to the drill bit, the axial functional circular hole connected to the first nozzle and the axial functional circular hole connected to the second nozzle are arranged in sequence along the rotation direction of the valve core when the elastic guiding boss slides between two adjacent functional slots, so as to realize the sequential conversion of the drilling-expansion-cutting functions of the water jet cutter by controlling the opening and closing of the high-pressure water flow.

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