A laminated ammonia-hydrogen hybrid fuel nozzle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of layer board type ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle, the nozzle includes bottom platform, cover and flow guide column, the fixed end and ammonia fuel import end of the flow guide column, the fixed end of the flow guide column is fixedly connected with cover, and the ammonia fuel import end of the flow guide column extends outward and penetrates bottom platform;The middle part of the flow guide column is provided with a plurality of ammonia fuel outlets;Flow guide column between bottom platform and cover is provided with by a plurality of first flow guide plate and second flow guide plate alternately arranged and formed layer board stack;The bottom platform is also provided with a plurality of hydrogen fuel inlet channels.The layer board type ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the application is formed by layer board stack etched with multiple flow channels, and the function of directly injecting and mixing ammonia and hydrogen two fuels without mixing container can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of dual-fuel nozzles, and more specifically to a layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, automakers face pressure to reduce and eliminate carbon emissions, with new energy vehicles replacing traditional vehicles becoming the primary solution. Researchers both domestically and internationally have studied numerous alternative fuels, including alcohols, ethers, ammonia, hydrogen, and biodiesel. Among these, ammonia, due to its well-established industrial chain encompassing production, storage, transportation, and application, has been recognized internationally as a zero-carbon fuel and is considered crucial for decarbonizing the transportation industry.

[0003] However, ammonia's low combustion rate, high auto-ignition temperature, and narrow flammability limit (15.5%–27% by volume in air) limit its widespread application in internal combustion engines. Blending ammonia with other combustion improvers has been a key direction in the development of ammonia combustion flame enhancement technology. Hydrogen, with its high combustion rate, good diffusivity, and low ignition energy, is well-suited for blending with ammonia. Studies have shown that blending an appropriate amount of hydrogen into ammonia can significantly improve its combustion and increase its combustion rate, while the blending does not produce carbon dioxide. Therefore, hydrogen blending is an effective method for achieving zero carbon emissions and improving ammonia combustion. However, current methods for mixing hydrogen and ammonia typically involve adding a mixing container within the fuel system, using fluid flow or external force to achieve mixing, which greatly increases system complexity and space requirements. Therefore, achieving effective control of ammonia and hydrogen blending at a lower cost remains a significant challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle that does not require a separate ammonia / hydrogen fuel mixing container and can directly achieve good mixing of ammonia and hydrogen.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle, comprising a base, a cover, and a guide column. The guide column has a fixed end and an ammonia fuel inlet end. The fixed end of the guide column is fixedly connected to the cover, and the ammonia fuel inlet end of the guide column extends outward and penetrates the base. A plurality of ammonia fuel outlets are provided in the middle of the guide column.

[0006] A stack of layers, consisting of several first and second guide plates arranged alternately, is installed on the flow guide column located between the base and the cover; several hydrogen fuel inlet channels are also provided on the base.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the base platform has a central hole in the middle for the flow guide column to pass through, and an annular hydrogen fuel flow channel is provided around the outer ring of the central hole. The annular hydrogen fuel flow channel has a plurality of hydrogen fuel flow holes that communicate with the hydrogen fuel inlet channel.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the first guide plate has a central hole in its middle for the guide column to pass through; a plurality of radial ammonia fuel channels are provided on one side of the first guide plate; and a plurality of first axial hydrogen fuel channels are provided between two adjacent radial ammonia fuel channels.

[0009] A first annular channel is provided on the other side of the first guide plate, and the first annular channel is connected to the first axial hydrogen fuel channel.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the radial ammonia fuel channel extends outward from the center hole of the first guide plate and gradually widens to form an ammonia fuel injection outlet at the outer edge of the first guide plate.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the second guide plate has a central hole in its middle for the guide column to pass through; a plurality of radial hydrogen fuel channels are provided on one side of the second guide plate, and a second axial hydrogen fuel channel is provided on each radial hydrogen fuel channel.

[0012] A second annular channel is provided on the other side of the second guide plate, and the second annular channel is connected to the second axial hydrogen fuel channel.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the radial hydrogen fuel channel extends outward from one end near the center hole of the second guide plate and gradually widens to form a hydrogen fuel injection outlet at the outer edge of the second guide plate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the second axial hydrogen fuel channel is disposed at one end of the radial hydrogen fuel channel near the center hole of the second guide plate, and the second axial hydrogen fuel channel is arranged opposite to the first axial hydrogen fuel channel.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the first guide plate is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial ammonia fuel channel is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the first annular channel is 0.1~0.5mm.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the second guide plate is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial hydrogen fuel channel is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the second annular channel is 0.1~0.5mm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the stacked layer gradually decreases from one end near the base to the other end of the cover, and the end of the stacked layer near the base is configured as a first guide plate that fits against it.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] Firstly, the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention is formed by alternating stacking and diffusion welding of two layers with different fluid flow channels etched on them, thus enabling the direct injection and mixing of the two fuels without the need for a mixing container. It is an ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle with a simple structure and strong adaptability to working conditions.

[0020] Secondly, the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention is formed by stacking layers with multiple flow channels etched on them. It is relatively simple in terms of specific structure, and the shape of the layered structure can be adjusted in a targeted manner according to different fuel flow requirements, making it highly adaptable to working conditions.

[0021] Thirdly, the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention differs from the previous method in which ammonia and hydrogen are transported to a container through two different pipelines for uniform mixing before being transported to the burner or intake pipe. It does not require a separate ammonia / hydrogen fuel mixing container and can directly achieve a well-mixed ammonia and hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle.

[0022] Fourth, the flow rate at each outlet position of the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention can be reasonably configured according to requirements to ensure uniform mixing of ammonia / hydrogen fuel. At the same time, it reduces the container used for ammonia / hydrogen mixing in the system, greatly reducing the mass and volume of the system. Moreover, the structure is simple and easy to maintain and use. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle from another angle;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cover and the guide column;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the base platform.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide vane;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows a rear view of the first air deflector.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second guide vane.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows a rear view of the second deflector.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked configuration of the first and second air deflectors.

[0032] In the figure, 1-base platform, 1.1-center hole of base platform, 1.2-annular hydrogen fuel flow channel, 1.3-hydrogen fuel flow hole, 2-cover, 3-guide column, 3.1-fixed end, 3.2-ammonia fuel inlet end, 3.3-ammonia fuel outlet, 4-first guide plate, 4.1-center hole of first guide plate, 4.2-radial ammonia fuel channel, 4.3-first axial hydrogen fuel channel, 4.4-first annular channel, 4.5-ammonia fuel injection outlet, 5-second guide plate, 5.1-center hole of second guide plate, 5.2-radial hydrogen fuel channel, 5.3-second axial hydrogen fuel channel, 5.4-second annular channel, 5.5-hydrogen fuel injection outlet, 6-hydrogen fuel inlet channel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are used only to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of this embodiment includes a base 1, a cover 2, and a guide column 3. The base 1 has a disc-shaped structure, the cover 2 has an arc-shaped structure, and the guide column 3 has a hollow cylindrical structure. Figure 3As shown, the guide column 3 has a fixed end 3.1 and an ammonia fuel inlet end 3.2. The fixed end 3.1 of the guide column 3 is fixedly connected to the cover 2, and the ammonia fuel inlet end 3.2 of the guide column 3 extends outward and penetrates the base platform 1. Several ammonia fuel outlets 3.3 are provided in the middle of the guide column 3, and the diameter of the ammonia fuel outlets 3.3 is 1~2mm. A stack of layers formed by several first guide plates 4 and second guide plates 5 are provided on the guide column 3 located between the base platform 1 and the cover 2. Several hydrogen fuel inlet channels 6 are also provided on the base platform 1, and the diameter of the hydrogen fuel inlet channels 6 is 1~3mm.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the base platform 1 has a central hole 1.1 in the middle for the flow guide column 3 to pass through. The outer ring of the central hole 1.1 is provided with an annular hydrogen fuel flow channel 1.2. The annular hydrogen fuel flow channel 1.2 has several hydrogen fuel flow holes 1.3 that are connected to the hydrogen fuel inlet channel 6. The main function of the annular hydrogen fuel flow channel 1.2 is to allow hydrogen fuel to flow into the annular channel of the adjacent first flow guide plate 4.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first guide plate 4 has a central hole 4.1 in its middle for the guide column 3 to pass through; several radial ammonia fuel channels 4.2 are formed on one side of the first guide plate 4; several first axial hydrogen fuel channels 4.3 are arranged between two adjacent radial ammonia fuel channels 4.2; a first annular channel 4.4 is formed on the other side of the first guide plate 4, and the first annular channel 4.4 communicates with the first axial hydrogen fuel channels 4.3. The radial ammonia fuel channels 4.2 extend outward from the central hole 4.1 of the first guide plate and gradually widen to form an ammonia fuel injection outlet 4.5 at the outer edge of the first guide plate 4. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first guide plate 4 is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial ammonia fuel channels 4.2 is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the first annular channel 4.4 is 0.1~0.5mm.

[0038] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the second guide plate 5 has a central hole 5.1 in its middle for the guide column 3 to pass through; several radial hydrogen fuel channels 5.2 are formed on one side of the second guide plate 5, and a second axial hydrogen fuel channel 5.3 communicating with the radial hydrogen fuel channels 5.2 is formed on the radial hydrogen fuel channels 5.2; a second annular channel 5.4 is formed on the other side of the second guide plate 5, and the second annular channel 5.4 communicates with the second axial hydrogen fuel channel 5.3. The radial hydrogen fuel channels 5.2 extend outward from the end near the central hole 5.1 of the second guide plate and gradually widen to form a hydrogen fuel injection outlet 5.5 on the outer edge of the second guide plate 5. The second axial hydrogen fuel channel 5.3 is located at the end of the radial hydrogen fuel channel 5.2 near the central hole 5.1 of the second guide plate, and the second axial hydrogen fuel channel 5.3 is arranged opposite to the first axial hydrogen fuel channel 4.3. In this embodiment, the thickness of the second guide plate 5 is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial hydrogen fuel channel 5.2 is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the second annular channel 5.4 is 0.1~0.5mm.

[0039] like Figure 9 As shown, the stacked layer body is formed by alternating arrangement of several first guide plates 4 and second guide plates 5. The diameter of the stacked layer body gradually decreases from one end near the base platform 1 towards the other end of the cover body 2. The end of the stacked layer body near the base platform 1 is set with the first guide plate 4 attached to it, and the second guide plates 5 are alternately arranged on the first guide plate 4 and attached to it.

[0040] In this embodiment, three hydrogen fuel inlet channels 6 are arranged at the bottom of the base platform, surrounding the ammonia fuel inlet end 3.2 of the guide column 3. The base platform 1, the stacked plate body, and the cover body 2 are connected by the guide column 3 and integrally welded together by diffusion welding. Ammonia fuel enters through the ammonia fuel inlet end 3.2 on the guide column 3, flows out from the ammonia fuel outlet 3.3, enters the radial diffusion channel of the first guide plate 4, and is ejected from the ammonia fuel injection outlet 4.5. Hydrogen fuel enters through the hydrogen fuel inlet channels 6, first entering the annular channel of each plate, then the axial channel, and finally the radial diffusion channel of the second guide plate 5 and is ejected from the hydrogen fuel injection outlet 5.5. Due to turbulence and the interaction of the two ejected fluids, the mixing of ammonia and hydrogen fuels is accelerated.

[0041] Based on the latest research progress in ammonia fuel engines and ammonia fuel injection, this invention proposes a novel layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle. Unlike the previous method of transporting ammonia and hydrogen to a container through two different pipelines for uniform mixing before being transported to the burner or intake pipe, this invention utilizes stacked layers with multiple etched flow channels, resulting in a simpler structural form. Furthermore, the shape of the layered structure can be adjusted to meet different fuel flow requirements, making it highly adaptable to various operating conditions.

[0042] The layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle of the present invention, by means of two layers with different fluid flow channels etched on them and then stacked and welded together, can achieve the function of direct injection and mixing of the two fuels without the need for a mixing container. It is an ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle with a simple structure and strong adaptability to working conditions.

[0043] It should be noted that the above description of the technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limiting it to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, providing these descriptions will ensure that the disclosure of this invention is thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solutions of this invention are defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0044] The shapes, dimensions, ratios, angles, and figures disclosed in the description of various aspects of this specification and claims are merely examples, and therefore, this specification and claims are not limited to the details shown. In the following description, detailed descriptions of relevant known functions or configurations will be omitted where it would be determined that they unnecessarily obscure the focus of this specification and claims.

[0045] Features of various embodiments of the present invention can be combined or spliced ​​together in part or in whole, and can be implemented in various different configurations as will be fully understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the present invention can be implemented independently of each other, or can be implemented together through interdependent relationships.

[0046] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Any other aspects not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. A layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1), a cover (2), and a guide column (3). The guide column (3) has a fixed end (3.1) and an ammonia fuel inlet end (3.2). The fixed end (3.1) of the guide column (3) is fixedly connected to the cover (2). The ammonia fuel inlet end (3.2) of the guide column (3) extends outward and penetrates the base (1). Several ammonia fuel outlets (3.3) are provided in the middle of the guide column (3). A stack of layers formed by alternating arrangement of several first guide plates (4) and second guide plates (5) is provided on the guide column (3) located between the base (1) and the cover (2); several hydrogen fuel inlet channels (6) are also provided on the base (1). The base (1) is provided with a central hole (1.1) for the flow guide column (3) to pass through. The outer ring of the central hole (1.1) is provided with an annular hydrogen fuel flow channel (1.2). The annular hydrogen fuel flow channel (1.2) is provided with a number of hydrogen fuel flow holes (1.3) that communicate with the hydrogen fuel inlet channel (6). The first guide plate (4) has a central hole (4.1) in the middle for the guide column (3) to pass through; a number of radial ammonia fuel channels (4.2) are provided on one side of the first guide plate (4); a number of first axial hydrogen fuel channels (4.3) are provided between two adjacent radial ammonia fuel channels (4.2). A first annular channel (4.4) is provided on the other side of the first guide plate (4), and the first annular channel (4.4) is connected to the first axial hydrogen fuel channel (4.3); The radial ammonia fuel channel (4.2) extends outward from the center hole (4.1) of the first guide plate and gradually widens to form an ammonia fuel injection outlet (4.5) at the outer edge of the first guide plate (4). The second guide plate (5) has a central hole (5.1) in the middle for the guide column (3) to pass through; a plurality of radial hydrogen fuel channels (5.2) are provided on one side of the second guide plate (5), and a second axial hydrogen fuel channel (5.3) communicating with the radial hydrogen fuel channels (5.2) is provided on the radial hydrogen fuel channels (5.2). A second annular channel (5.4) is provided on the other side of the second guide plate (5), and the second annular channel (5.4) is connected to the second axial hydrogen fuel channel (5.3); The radial hydrogen fuel channel (5.2) extends outward from one end near the center hole (5.1) of the second guide plate and gradually widens to form a hydrogen fuel injection outlet (5.5) on the outer edge of the second guide plate (5).

2. The layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second axial hydrogen fuel channel (5.3) is located at one end of the radial hydrogen fuel channel (5.2) near the center hole (5.1) of the second guide plate, and the second axial hydrogen fuel channel (5.3) is arranged opposite to the first axial hydrogen fuel channel (4.3).

3. The layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the first guide plate (4) is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial ammonia fuel channel (4.2) is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the first annular channel (4.4) is 0.1~0.5mm.

4. The layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the second guide plate (5) is 0.5~2mm, the depth of the radial hydrogen fuel channel (5.2) is 0.1~0.5mm, and the depth of the second annular channel (5.4) is 0.1~0.5mm.

5. The layered ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the stacked layer gradually decreases from one end near the base (1) toward the other end of the cover (2), and the end of the stacked layer near the base (1) is set as a first guide plate (4) and is arranged in close contact with it.

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