Electric nozzle mounting structure, combustion chamber

Abstract

An ignition nozzle mounting structure is provided, including an ignition nozzle sleeve, a housing base, an ignition nozzle support, and an elastic element. The ignition nozzle sleeve is fitted onto the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle; the housing base is disposed on the combustion chamber housing and detachably fixedly connected to the ignition nozzle sleeve; the ignition nozzle support is disposed on the outer ring of the flame tube and includes a chamber and a boss. The chamber accommodates the tip of the ignition nozzle and allows the tip to move within the chamber, while the boss is disposed within the chamber. One end of the elastic element abuts against the ignition nozzle sleeve, and the other end continuously applies pressure to the ignition nozzle using its own rebound force to press the tip of the ignition nozzle against the boss, thereby ensuring that the extension of the ignition nozzle beyond the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube is negative. This structure ensures that the extension of the ignition nozzle is negative, preventing the ignition nozzle from being ablated. A combustion chamber is also provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chambers, and more specifically to the field of combustion chamber ignition nozzles. Background Technology

[0002] In an aero-engine, the combustion chamber is the area where combustion takes place. Compressed air from the compressor enters the combustion chamber and mixes with the exhaust gas injected by the fuel nozzles, producing high-temperature exhaust gas that drives the turbine to do work and generate thrust. The air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited by energy generated by an ignition source. The ignition source is typically mounted on the combustion chamber housing and extends into the flame tube through a hole in the housing. The flame tube is the combustion zone of the combustion chamber, which is also the air-fuel mixing zone.

[0003] Current tests have shown that the amount of extension of the ignition nozzle beyond the inner wall of the flame tube has a significant impact on its safety. When the extension of the ignition nozzle is 0 or a certain negative value, it not only does not affect the engine's ignition performance, but also prevents the ignition nozzle from being burned.

[0004] The combustion chamber's flame tube is generally a thin-walled component. Due to the influence of its machining precision and processing technology, the actual flame tube size is often difficult to keep in perfect agreement with the design value. This makes it difficult to control the extension of the ignition nozzle. At the same time, during engine operation, the inconsistent thermal deformation of the flame tube and the casing can also easily change the extension of the ignition nozzle.

[0005] Currently, many engine models use shims to adjust the ignition nozzle extension. The number or thickness of the shims needs to be selected based on the deformation of the flame tube. This shim-based adjustment method often leads to significant assembly complexity and requires trial assembly to determine the necessary number of shims. If the extension needs to be readjusted on a test bench, all shims must be disassembled and adjusted, resulting in complex replacement and potentially damaging the ignition nozzle. Multiple layers of shims also increase the risk of sealing leaks, affecting engine performance and safety. Furthermore, this method cannot address the variation in extension caused by inconsistent thermal deformation of the flame tube and engine casing during engine operation.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an electric nozzle mounting structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One objective of this invention is to provide an ignition nozzle mounting structure that can adjust the nozzle extension amount in a timely manner according to the thermal deformation of the flame tube and the casing, and ensure that the extension amount of the ignition nozzle is negative to prevent the ignition nozzle from being burned.

[0008] The ignition nozzle mounting structure for achieving the above objectives includes an ignition nozzle sleeve, a housing base, an ignition nozzle support, and an elastic element. The ignition nozzle sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle; the housing base is mounted on the combustion chamber housing and detachably fixedly connected to the ignition nozzle sleeve; the ignition nozzle support is mounted on the outer ring of the flame tube and includes a chamber and a boss. The chamber accommodates the tip of the ignition nozzle and allows the tip to move within the chamber, while the boss is located within the chamber. One end of the elastic element abuts against the ignition nozzle sleeve, and the other end continuously applies pressure to the ignition nozzle using its own rebound force, pressing the tip of the ignition nozzle against the boss, thereby making the extension of the ignition nozzle beyond the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube negative.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the structure further includes a self-locking boss, detachably fixed to the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle, for providing a force application point for the elastic element.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the elastic element is a spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the structure further includes a cover plate fitted over the outside of the ignition nozzle, including a sealing surface and an extension, the extension being threaded to the nozzle sleeve, and a first sealing gasket being disposed between the cover plate and the nozzle sleeve.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the ignition nozzle sleeve includes a first groove, the extension extends into the first groove and is threadedly connected to the wall surface forming the first groove, the structure also includes a sealing ring disposed between the extension and the bottom surface of the first groove, the sealing ring being pressed in the radial direction by the wall surface forming the first groove and the outer wall surface of the ignition nozzle.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the electric nozzle sleeve includes a second groove, the inner wall surface forming the second groove is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the casing base, and a second sealing gasket is provided between the bottom of the second groove and the casing base.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the housing base includes a third groove, the second groove and the third groove form a cavity, the elastic member is located in the cavity, and the bottom of the second groove also includes a placement groove for placing one end of the elastic member.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the boss further includes a nozzle cooling groove.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber in which an ignition nozzle is mounted using the above-described nozzle mounting structure.

[0017] The aforementioned ignition nozzle mounting structure, by setting up an ignition nozzle support base and using a boss to confine the ignition nozzle within the cavity of the ignition nozzle support base, prevents the ignition nozzle from extending into the flame tube cavity, ensuring that the extension amount of the ignition nozzle beyond the inner wall of the flame tube is negative, thereby effectively preventing ignition nozzle ablation and improving the durability of the ignition nozzle; it also solves the problem of the ignition nozzle moving due to thermal deformation of the inner wall of the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing, thus affecting the extension amount of the nozzle, by setting up a cavity that allows the end of the ignition nozzle to move, so as to keep the relative position of the ignition nozzle and the flame tube relatively constant. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an aircraft engine.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a combustion chamber.

[0021] Figure 3A This is an external schematic diagram of the ignition nozzle mounting structure.

[0022] Figure 3B yes Figure 3A Cross-sectional view.

[0023] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the cover plate.

[0024] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A Cross-sectional view.

[0025] Figure 5A This is an external schematic diagram of the electric nozzle cover.

[0026] Figure 5B yes Figure 5A Cross-sectional view.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the casing base.

[0028] Figure 7A This is an external schematic diagram of the electric nozzle support.

[0029] Figure 7B yes Figure 7A Cross-sectional view.

[0030] Symbol marking explanation 1. Fan

[0031] 2. Boost stage

[0032] 3. High-pressure compressor 4. Combustion chamber

[0033] 5. High-pressure turbine

[0034] 6. Low-pressure turbine

[0035] 21. Flame tube

[0036] 22. Fuel injector; 23. Combustion chamber casing; 24. Diffuser

[0037] 25. Ignition nozzle; 30. Cover plate

[0038] 31. Extension

[0039] 32. Sealing surface

[0040] 33. Install guide angle 40° and electric nozzle cover

[0041] 41. Second groove; 42. Bottom sealing surface; 45. First groove; 46. Placement groove

[0042] 50. Elastic components

[0043] 60. Casing base; 63. Third groove; 70. Flame tube outer ring; 71. Electric nozzle support.

[0044] 72. Welding mating surfaces

[0045] 73. Electric nozzle guide angle

[0046] 74. Electric nozzle cooling tank

[0047] 75. Welding assembly guide angle

[0048] 76. Chamber

[0049] 77. Boss

[0050] 80. Self-locking boss

[0051] 90. Sealing ring

[0052] 100. First sealing gasket

[0053] 110. Second sealing gasket

[0054] 150. Cavity

[0055] 251. Ignition nozzle tip Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual applications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention should not be limited by the content of these specific embodiments. It should be noted that these and subsequent accompanying drawings are merely examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be construed as limiting the actual scope of protection claimed by the invention.

[0057] Figure 1 The diagram shows an aero engine, which consists of components such as a fan 1, a booster stage 2, a high-pressure compressor 3, a combustion chamber 4, a high-pressure turbine 5, and a low-pressure turbine 6. The compressed air compressed by the booster stage 2 and the high-pressure compressor 3 is burned in the combustion chamber 4 and then does work on the high-pressure turbine 5 and the low-pressure turbine 6, converting the chemical energy of the fuel into the mechanical energy of the turbine. The turbine exhausts the combustion gases, driving the fan 1 to generate thrust.

[0058] For the specific structure of combustion chamber 4, please refer to Figure 2 As understood, the combustion chamber 4 mainly consists of a flame tube 21, a fuel nozzle 22, a combustion chamber casing 23, and a diffuser 24. Compressed airflow from the compressor is slowed and diffused by the diffuser 24 before entering the flame tube 21, where it mixes with fuel injected from the fuel nozzle 22. A high-energy electric spark generated by the ignition spark nozzle 25 then ignites the fuel-air mixture, leading to combustion within the flame tube 21. The ignition spark nozzle 25 is typically mounted on the combustion chamber casing 23 and extends through the outer ring 70 of the combustion chamber into the flame tube 21.

[0059] When the ignition nozzle 25 extends positively beyond the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube, erosion of the ignition nozzle 25 often occurs during engine operation. When the extension is zero or negative, it not only does not affect the engine's ignition performance but also prevents erosion of the ignition nozzle 25. Therefore, during engine operation, the extension of the ignition nozzle 25 needs to be adjusted in a timely manner so that its end face is flush with the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube or within a certain range. This ensures efficient ignition and prevents erosion.

[0060] Since the inner wall of the outer ring of the flame tube is generally a thin-walled part, due to the influence of its machining accuracy and processing technology, the actual size of the flame tube 21 is often difficult to keep in perfect agreement with the design value. This makes it difficult to control the extension of the ignition nozzle 25. In addition, since the ignition nozzle 25 passes through both the combustion chamber housing 23 and the outer ring 70 of the flame tube, the difference in thermal deformation between the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube and the combustion chamber housing 23 during engine operation can also easily change the extension of the ignition nozzle 25.

[0061] The ignition nozzle mounting structure described in this disclosure can solve the problem of difficulty in matching and adjusting the nozzle extension amount, and can realize timely adjustment of the ignition nozzle 25 extension amount when the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing 23 are not thermally deformed, so as to ensure the relative fixation of the position of the ignition nozzle 25 and the outer ring 70 of the flame tube, and ensure that the extension amount of the ignition nozzle 25 is negative.

[0062] Electric nozzle installation structure reference Figure 3A and Figure 3B The combustion chamber housing 23 comprises an ignition nozzle sleeve 40, a housing base 60, an ignition nozzle support 71, and an elastic element 50. The ignition nozzle sleeve 40 is fitted around the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle 25. The housing base 60 is mounted on the combustion chamber housing 23 and is detachably fixed to the ignition nozzle sleeve 40. The ignition nozzle support 71 is mounted on the outer ring 70 of the flame tube and includes a chamber 76 and a boss 77. The chamber 76 accommodates the tip 251 of the ignition nozzle and allows the tip 251 to move within the chamber 76. The boss 77 is located within the chamber 76. One end of the elastic element 50 abuts against the ignition nozzle sleeve 40, and the other end continuously applies pressure to the ignition nozzle 25 using its own rebound force, pressing the tip 251 of the ignition nozzle onto the boss 77, thereby making the extension of the ignition nozzle 25 beyond the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube negative.

[0063] By incorporating the elastic element 50, the height of the ignition nozzle 25 in its axial direction, i.e., the radial direction of the engine, can be adjusted retractably, solving the problem of difficulty in matching and adjusting the nozzle extension and avoiding the problem of nozzle damage caused by disassembly and adjustment on the test bench. In addition, the boss 77 confines the ignition nozzle 25 within the chamber 76 of the nozzle support 71, effectively preventing the ignition nozzle 25 from extending into the flame tube chamber, ensuring that the extension of the ignition nozzle 25 beyond the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube is negative, thereby effectively preventing the ignition nozzle 25 from burning and improving its durability. Furthermore, by incorporating the chamber 76 that allows the end 251 of the ignition nozzle to move, the problem of the bleed air ignition nozzle 25 moving during thermal deformation of the inner wall of the outer ring 70 of the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing 23, thus affecting the nozzle extension, is solved, ensuring that the relative position of the ignition nozzle 25 and the flame tube remains relatively constant.

[0064] Specifically, the combustion chamber casing 23 and the outer ring 70 of the flame tube will move relative to each other during engine operation, including movement in the radial and axial directions of the engine, which in turn causes the ignition nozzle 25 to move. The chamber 76 and the elastic element 50 are applied together to the ignition nozzle 25. Under the action of the elastic element 50, the ignition nozzle 25 will press against the boss 77 of the nozzle support 71. By providing the boss 77 on the nozzle support 71, the extension amount of the ignition nozzle 25 in the outer ring 70 of the flame tube is kept constant without disassembling the nozzle, thereby keeping the relative position of the ignition nozzle 25 and the flame tube relatively constant in multiple directions.

[0065] In one embodiment, the structure further includes a self-locking boss 80, such as a self-locking nut, detachably fixed to the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle 25, for providing a point of application of force for the elastic element 50. (Continue referring to...) Figure 3B As shown, the self-locking boss 80 can be threaded to the ignition nozzle 25 and fixed to the outside of the ignition nozzle 25. By providing a ring of bosses, it provides a force application point for the elastic element 50. The elastic element 50 transmits the rebound force to the self-locking boss 80, and then to the ignition nozzle 25, and finally presses the end 251 of the ignition nozzle onto the boss 77.

[0066] In one embodiment, the structure further includes a cover plate 30 for achieving a seal. The cover plate 30 is combined with... Figure 4A and Figure 4B As shown, the cover plate 30 is sleeved on the outside of the ignition nozzle 25, for example, it can be threadedly connected to the ignition nozzle 25.

[0067] The cover plate 30 includes a sealing surface 32 and an extension 31, the extension 31 being threadedly connected to the nozzle sleeve 40. A first sealing gasket 100 is provided between the cover plate 30 and the nozzle sleeve 40. The first sealing gasket 100 ensures a seal between the cover plate 30 and the nozzle sleeve 40. The cover plate 30 also includes a hexagon 34 and a mounting guide angle 33, the mounting guide angle 33 being used to guide the extension 31 into the nozzle sleeve 40, preventing damage to the parts caused by friction.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, the electric nozzle sleeve 40 further includes a first groove 45, and an extension 31 extends into the first groove 45 and is threadedly connected to the wall surface forming the first groove 45 to fix the electric nozzle sleeve 40 to the cover plate 30.

[0069] The ignition nozzle mounting structure also includes a sealing ring 90, which is disposed between the extension 31 and the bottom surface of the first groove 45. The sealing ring 90 is pressed by the wall surface of the first groove 45 and the outer wall surface of the ignition nozzle 25 in the radial direction and is pressed by the extension 31 in the vertical direction.

[0070] Combination Figure 3B and Figure 5B As shown, the first groove 45 is threaded into the extension 31. A sealing ring 90, preferably an elastic C-ring, is provided between the first groove 45 and the extension 31. That is, the surface in contact with the bottom of the first groove 45 is flat, while the other surfaces are curved, so that the cross-section forms a C-shape. The sealing ring 90 can effectively seal the leakage path between the ignition nozzle sleeve 40 and the ignition nozzle 25. For example, when the cover plate 30 and the ignition nozzle sleeve 40 separate, or when the ignition nozzle 25 shakes in the left and right direction, the sealing ring 90 can effectively ensure the seal between the cover plate 30, the ignition nozzle sleeve 40, and the ignition nozzle 25.

[0071] In one or more embodiments, the electric nozzle sleeve 40 includes a second groove 41, the inner wall surface of which is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the housing base 60. At this time, the top of the housing base 60 is in close contact with the bottom sealing surface 42 of the second groove 41, and a second sealing gasket 110 is provided between the bottom of the second groove 41 and the housing base 60 to ensure the seal between the electric nozzle sleeve 40 and the housing base 60.

[0072] The electric nozzle sleeve 40 also includes a hexagonal 44 for easy wrench installation and tightening.

[0073] In one or more embodiments, the casing base 60 includes a third recess 63, as shown in reference. Figure 6 and Figure 3B As shown, the second groove 41 and the third groove 63 of the ignition nozzle sleeve 40 form a cavity 150, and the elastic member 50 is located in the cavity 150. The bottom of the second groove 41 also includes a placement groove 46 for placing one end of the elastic member 50. For example, the elastic member 50 can be a spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle, with one end cooperating with the placement groove 46 to fix the spring and prevent it from shaking.

[0074] In one embodiment of the electric nozzle support 71, see reference to Figure 7A and Figure 7B The ignition nozzle support 71 includes a welding mating surface 72, an ignition nozzle guide angle 73, and a welding assembly guide angle 75. The outer ring 70 of the flame tube is welded to the welding mating surface 72 of the ignition nozzle support 71. The boss 77 includes an ignition nozzle cooling groove 74, which provides a cooling path for cooling the ignition nozzle 25. The ignition nozzle guide angle 73 is used to guide the ignition nozzle 25 and prevent damage to the nozzle.

[0075] The following describes the mounting structure of the ignition nozzle and the installation method of the ignition nozzle.

[0076] First, insert the ignition nozzle 25 into the nozzle sleeve 40. Then, slip the elastic element 50 over the ignition nozzle end 251 of the ignition nozzle 25 and place it in the placement groove 46 of the nozzle sleeve 40.

[0077] Next, insert the self-locking boss 80 into the end 251 of the ignition nozzle and tighten it onto the ignition nozzle 25. At this time, the elastic element 50 is in a semi-free state.

[0078] Place the second sealing gasket 110 on the housing base 60, and pass the ignition nozzle sleeve 40, which has been fitted with the ignition nozzle 25, through the housing base 60, and place the end 251 of the ignition nozzle against the nozzle support 71.

[0079] Then tighten the internal thread of the electric nozzle sleeve 40 to match the external thread of the casing base 60.

[0080] Then install the sealing ring 90, pass it through the other end opposite to the end 251 of the ignition nozzle, and place it on the placement platform of the nozzle sleeve 40 located on the first groove 45. Then place the first sealing gasket 100 on the nozzle sleeve 40, and finally screw the cover plate 30 into the nozzle sleeve 40 to complete the installation.

[0081] After the above structure is installed and fixed, the ignition nozzle 25, under the action of the elastic element, rests against the nozzle support 71 on the outer ring 70 of the flame tube, keeping the relative position of the ignition nozzle 25 and the outer ring of the flame tube constant and preventing the ignition nozzle 25 from protruding from the outer ring wall. A sealing ring 90, a first sealing gasket 100, a second sealing gasket 110, and a cover plate 30 are used to ensure sealing during engine operation. The above nozzle mounting structure is simple in overall design, and the extension amount of the nozzle is not affected by the different thermal deformations of the flame tube and the casing.

[0082] Based on the above description of the ignition nozzle mounting structure, it can also be understood that a combustion chamber is used to install the ignition nozzle using the above-described ignition nozzle mounting structure.

[0083] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components in the above description is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning, do not represent primary or secondary, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0084] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0085] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ignition nozzle mounting structure for mounting an ignition nozzle (25), characterized in that, The structure includes: An electric nozzle sleeve (40) is used to be fitted around the outer periphery of the ignition electric nozzle (25); The casing base (60) is mounted on the combustion chamber casing (23) and is detachably fixedly connected to the electric nozzle sleeve (40); An ignition nozzle support (71), disposed on the outer ring (70) of the flame tube, includes a chamber (76) and a boss (77). The chamber (76) is used to accommodate the end of the ignition nozzle (251) and allows the end of the ignition nozzle (251) to move within the chamber (76). The boss (77) is disposed within the chamber (76). The elastic element (50) abuts against the electric nozzle sleeve (40) at one end and is used to continuously apply pressure to the ignition electric nozzle (25) by means of its own rebound force, so as to press the bottom surface of the end (251) of the ignition electric nozzle onto the boss (77), thereby making the extension amount of the ignition electric nozzle (25) extending out of the inner wall of the outer ring (70) of the flame tube negative; The boss (77) also includes a nozzle cooling groove (74); The structure also includes a cover plate (30) fitted over the outside of the ignition nozzle (25), including a sealing surface (32) and an extension (31), the extension (31) being threaded to the nozzle sleeve (40), and a first sealing gasket (100) being provided between the cover plate (30) and the nozzle sleeve (40). The ignition nozzle sleeve (40) includes a first groove (45), the extension (31) extends into the first groove (45) and is threadedly connected to the wall surface forming the first groove (45). The structure also includes a sealing ring (90) disposed between the extension (31) and the bottom surface of the first groove (45). The sealing ring (90) is pressed in the radial direction by the wall surface forming the first groove (45) and the outer wall surface of the ignition nozzle (25).

2. The electric nozzle mounting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The structure also includes a self-locking boss (80), which is detachably fixed to the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle (25) to provide the force application point of the elastic element (50).

3. The electric nozzle mounting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (50) is a spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the ignition nozzle (25).

4. The electric nozzle mounting structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electric nozzle sleeve (40) includes a second groove (41), the inner wall surface forming the second groove (41) is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the casing base (60), and a second sealing gasket (110) is provided between the bottom of the second groove (41) and the casing base (60).

5. The electric nozzle mounting structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The casing base (60) includes a third groove (63), and the second groove (41) and the third groove (63) form a cavity (150). The elastic member (50) is located in the cavity (150). The bottom of the second groove (41) also includes a placement groove (46) for placing one end of the elastic member (50).

6. A combustion chamber, characterized in that, The ignition nozzle is installed using the nozzle mounting structure according to any one of claims 1-5.

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