A device for integrally forming an annular member by bulging and reducing the diameter thereof and a method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of ring piece bulging and reducing diameter integrated forming device and process method thereof, including inner and outer punch, inner diameter bulging and outer diameter contraction die, inner and outer support slide rail, mounting table, hydraulic device and base etc.;Inner and outer punch and die contact surface are polygonal taper, are connected with hydraulic device by telescopic link, and hydraulic device is located at the same datum plane to ensure synchronous deformation accuracy;Inner diameter bulging and outer diameter contraction die are all composed of driving block with cross section being similar L shape and integral split discrete block, and driving block and punch contact surface have inclination;There is sliding slot on the support slide rail, end is connected with rotating mechanism, and reset of die is controlled by spring, and ring piece rotation is controlled by screw rod.The application can realize inner diameter bulging of ring piece, outer diameter contraction and simultaneous deformation of both on a set of device, has higher precision, and application range is wide.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of mechanical design and manufacturing, in particular to a ring expanding and reducing integrated forming device and a process method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and can constitute the prior art. During the implementation of the present disclosure, the inventors found at least the following problems in the prior art.

[0003] Large rings are commonly used in important fields such as aerospace, wind power, nuclear power industry, etc. The rings are generally produced by ring rolling technology. Due to the large diameter and thin wall, defects such as ovality, size opening, uneven wall thickness, etc. are prone to occur during forming, which makes it necessary to increase the design allowance of ring forgings during actual production, reduces the material utilization rate, and increases the machining allowance and difficulty. Therefore, a deformation process such as expanding is often needed after forming.

[0004] Expanding is generally realized by an expander. The expander can deform the inner diameter of the ring for defects such as ovality, height direction, size opening, etc. to obtain an inner diameter with relatively good roundness and good consistency in the height direction. However, the ring still has the following problems during expanding:

[0005] (1) The expanding process can only deform the inner diameter of the ring, and only the inner diameter roundness is good;

[0006] (2) When the inner diameter ovality is large, the die and the inner diameter of the ring cannot completely fit during expanding, i.e. the inner diameter is still oval after expanding;

[0007] (3) The outer diameter of the ring is in a free state, and the shape and size precision is difficult to control. If the outer diameter ovality of the ring after ring rolling is large, the outer diameter ovality will be aggravated after the inner diameter expanding;

[0008] (4) If the wall thickness is uneven after expanding, the microstructure and mechanical properties on the same section will be different, which makes it difficult to ensure the uniformity of the overall roundness and microstructure and mechanical properties, and does not meet the technical requirements.

[0009] (5) For special-shaped rings with differences in cross section or longitudinal section, and non-coaxial inner and outer diameters, etc., the current methods such as calculating the roll gap, sleeve rolling, and press forging have problems such as complex process flow, high die cost, low replaceability, etc., and large design allowance and low material utilization rate.

[0010] For the problem of ring outer diameter deformation, the current also adopts the outer diameter shrink ring method to realize the outer diameter deformation, but the related method, equipment, paper and patent literature of ring outer diameter shrinkage is relatively less. So far, only a small amount of technology can perform the outer diameter deformation operation. For example, the patent number CN214442314U patent name is "a device for Ti2AlNb base alloy ring shrinkage", and CN218252611U patent name is "an outer diameter profiling ring shrinking device", which can complete the shrinkage and deformation process of the outer diameter of the ring on the press machine through the rigid sleeve ring and the shrink ring, and the shrinking barrel and the shrinking die. But first of all, the above method can only shrink the outer diameter, and cannot deform the inner diameter. Secondly, it needs to be squeezed by the press or hoisted by the crane, etc. The operation is complex, time-consuming and laborious.

[0011] And according to the applicant's experiment, the single inner diameter bulging or the outer diameter shrinkage has the problem of non-ideal ring precision. Even if the ring is first expanded by the bulging machine, and then shrunk by the shrinking device, the precision is still not ideal. Through the applicant's in-depth research, it is found that the reason why the above problems exist is that the bulging and shrinking operations cannot be effectively coordinated.

[0012] In addition, since the inner and outer dimensions of each ring are not the same, whether it is a bulging machine or a shrinking device (such as a shrinking cylinder or a rigid ring) needs to be replaced with a size matching the ring. In addition, the specific type and weight of such special mold are large, whether it is the production cost or the complexity of the operation process is greatly increased, and the forming efficiency is also relatively low. SUMMARY

[0013] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to solve some of the problems in the prior art, or at least alleviate these problems.

[0014] A ring bulging and shrinking integrated forming device, comprising:

[0015] A driving mechanism comprising an outer punch with an inclination, an inner punch and a driving device connected thereto respectively; the outer punch is a multi-sided tapered shape with a large inner side and a small lower side; the outer punch is provided with a groove; the driving device is used to drive the outer punch and the inner punch to move up and down;

[0016] The deformation mold comprises an outer diameter contraction mold, an inner diameter expansion mold and a support guide rail; the outer side of the outer diameter contraction mold is matched with the inner side of the outer punch, the inner side of the outer diameter contraction mold constitutes a shape for correcting the outer diameter of the ring, the inner side of the inner diameter expansion mold is matched with the outer side of the inner punch, the outer side of the inner diameter expansion mold constitutes a shape for correcting the inner diameter of the ring, the support guide rail is located below the outer diameter contraction mold and the inner diameter expansion mold, and one end of the support guide rail is located in the groove of the outer punch; the support guide rail is respectively provided with elastic members connected with or in contact with the outer diameter contraction mold and the inner diameter expansion mold, so as to reset the outer diameter contraction mold and the inner diameter expansion mold.

[0017] The rotating mechanism comprises a rotating device and a screw rod; the rotating device is connected with the screw rod, and is used for rotating the ring through the screw rod.

[0018] Further, the slope of the outer punch is α, and the range is between 5° and 30°; the driving device is a hydraulic device, comprising a first hydraulic device and a second hydraulic device; the first hydraulic device is connected with the lower end of the inner punch through a telescopic rod; the second hydraulic device is connected with the lower end of the outer punch through a telescopic rod; the first hydraulic device and the second hydraulic device are located on the same reference surface.

[0019] Further, the outer side slope of the inner punch is consistent with the inner side slope of the outer punch; the central axis of the inner punch is coincident with the central axis of the outer punch.

[0020] The outer diameter contraction mold comprises an outer diameter contraction mold driving block and an outer diameter contraction mold discrete block, and the inner diameter expansion mold comprises an inner diameter expansion mold driving block and an inner diameter expansion mold discrete block; the cross section of the outer diameter contraction mold driving block and the inner diameter expansion mold driving block is L-shaped, the lower end of each is provided with a boss supporting the discrete block, and constitutes an inclined wedge mechanism to be attached with the outer punch and the inner punch respectively, and can be radially moved to the inner side and the outer side respectively through the pressing of the punch; the outer diameter contraction mold discrete block is a ring block equally divided by a whole circle and composed of a circular arc block, the inner side of the ring block constitutes a circular inner diameter, and the outer side of the ring block is in contact with or connected with the outer diameter contraction mold driving block; the inner diameter expansion mold discrete block is a ring block equally divided by a whole circle and composed of a circular arc block, the outer side of the ring block constitutes a circular inner diameter, and the inner side of the ring block is in contact with or connected with the inner diameter expansion mold driving block.

[0021] Optionally, the support guide rail can simultaneously support the outer diameter contraction mold and the inner diameter expansion mold, or the support guide rail comprises an outer diameter contraction mold support guide rail for supporting the outer diameter contraction mold and an inner diameter expansion mold support guide rail for supporting the inner diameter expansion mold; the outer diameter contraction mold driving block is provided with a screw rod hole, the corresponding position of the boss is provided with a screw rod groove, one end of the screw rod is in contact with the ring above through the screw rod hole and the screw rod groove, and the other end of the screw rod is connected with the rotating device through the screw rod hole.

[0022] Further, the number and angle of the annular blocks of the outer diameter contraction die discrete blocks and the inner diameter expansion die discrete blocks are consistent.

[0023] The ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device further comprises a base; the hydraulic device is located between the inner and outer punches and the base; the outer punch is provided with a guide column hole, and the base is provided with a guide column penetrating through the guide column hole; and the base is provided with a mounting table between the base and the support guide rail.

[0024] A process method using the ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Placing the ring between the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die;

[0026] Starting the hydraulic device to make the inner and outer punches move downward; the inner and outer punches make the driving blocks of the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die respectively move radially outward and inward through the inclined wedge mechanism, and drive the discrete blocks to contact the circumferential surfaces of the inner and outer sides of the ring respectively, so as to extrude the circumferential surfaces of the inner and outer diameters of the ring through the dies and keep pressure;

[0027] Through the hydraulic device unloading, the inner and outer punches move upward, and the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die are reset under the action of the spring;

[0028] Through the rotation device, the screw connected therewith is rotated, friction force is generated between the circumferential surface of the screw and the lower surface of the ring in contact with the circumferential surface, so as to drive the ring to rotate around the central axis by an angle β; wherein the angle β is between 3° and 45°;

[0029] Repeating the remaining steps except the ring placing step for 3 to 10 times, and ending the deformation;

[0030] Resetting the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die, and taking out the ring.

[0031] Further, the hydraulic devices connected with the inner and outer punches are simultaneously controlled to make the inner and outer punches move downward or upward at the same speed, so that the inner diameter expansion and the outer diameter reduction of the ring are in a coexisting and cooperative deformation mode.

[0032] Before the ring is placed between the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die, the ring is heated to a specified temperature.

[0033] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The scheme of the application does not require a press, but can control the mold movement by adjusting the hydraulic mechanism and the rotating mechanism to realize three deformation modes of only the inner diameter expansion of the ring, only the outer diameter contraction, and the simultaneous expansion of the inner diameter and the contraction of the outer diameter, which is energy-efficient; and the rotating device and the screw drive the ring to rotate around the center axis by a certain angle to repeat the deformation operation, which can ensure uniform deformation of the ring and greatly improve the precision of the ring.

[0035] 2. According to the scheme of the application, for different inner and outer diameter sizes of the ring, or different shapes of the special-shaped ring, the mold does not need to be replaced, but only the increase or decrease of the discrete block, or only the change of the shape of the mold in contact with the circumferential surface of the ring can meet the inner diameter expansion and the outer diameter contraction of the ring with different sizes and various cross-sectional shapes, which has high flexibility and low production cost.

[0036] 3. To solve the problem that the expansion and the contraction operation cannot be effectively coordinated, in the cooperative deformation mode of the inner diameter expansion and the outer diameter reduction, the application uses multiple means to keep the movement of the inner and outer punches consistent, and combines the consistency of the slope of the inner and outer punches and the number and angle of the inner and outer diameter discrete blocks, so that the stress of the inner and outer diameters of the ring in the radial direction can be kept consistent in the deformation, thereby obtaining a ring with good inner and outer diameter roundness, uniform wall thickness, and high size precision. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the application;

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the outer punch;

[0040] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the outer diameter contraction mold driving block as a whole and a single section;

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer support guide rails and the sectional structure;

[0042] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of other types of special-shaped rings that can be obtained by adjusting the shape and coaxiality of the inner and outer punches using the method;

[0043] Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the ring profiles before and after the separate inner diameter expansion of example one;

[0044] Figure 8 is a strain diagram of the ring obtained by the simultaneous expansion and contraction deformation of example three;

[0045] Figure 9 is a comparison diagram of the ring profiles before and after the simultaneous expansion and contraction deformation of example three.

[0046] 1-outer punch; 2-outer diameter contraction die driving block; 3-outer diameter contraction die discrete block; 4-ring; 5-inner diameter expansion die discrete block; 6-inner diameter expansion die driving block; 7-inner punch; 8-guide column; 9-screw rod; 10-supporting guide rail; 10-1-inner diameter expansion die supporting guide rail; 10-2-outer diameter contraction die supporting guide rail; 11-telescopic rod; 12-first hydraulic device; 13-mounting table; 14-second hydraulic system; 15-base; 16-elastic member; 17-guide column hole; 18-lifting hole; 19-screw rod hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The embodiments of the present application are used for illustrating the present application but not limiting the present application. Without departing from the technical thought of the present application, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means, various substitutions and changes can be made, which should be included in the scope of the present application.

[0048] The present application aims to provide a ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device and process, which can solve the problems of uneven overall roundness and uneven mechanical properties caused by the uncontrollable outer diameter of the existing expansion machine due to the deformable inner diameter, and can realize the active deformation mode of inner diameter expansion, outer diameter contraction and simultaneous expansion and contraction on a set of devices, greatly improving the ring precision and forming efficiency.

[0049] To achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0050] As shown in FIG. Figure 1 A ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device, as shown in FIG. 1 or 2, comprises:

[0051] A driving mechanism comprising an outer punch 1 with an inclination, an inner punch 7 and a driving device connected thereto; the outer punch 1 is a multi-sided cone with a large inner side and a small outer side; the outer punch 1 is provided with a groove; the driving device is used to drive the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7 to move up and down;

[0052] A deformation die comprising an outer diameter contraction die, an inner diameter expansion die and a supporting guide rail 10; the outer side of the outer diameter contraction die is adapted to the inner side of the outer punch 1, and the inner side of the outer diameter contraction die constitutes a shape for correcting the outer diameter of the ring 4; the inner side of the inner diameter expansion die is adapted to the outer side of the inner punch 7, and the outer side of the inner diameter expansion die constitutes a shape for correcting the inner diameter of the ring 4; the supporting guide rail 10 is located below the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die, and one end is located in the groove of the outer punch 1; the supporting guide rail 10 is respectively provided with elastic members 16 connected or in contact with the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die, for resetting the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die;

[0053] A rotating mechanism, comprising a rotating device and a screw rod 9; the rotating device is connected with the screw rod 9, and is used to drive the ring 4 to rotate through the screw rod 9.

[0054] The ring 4 is placed between the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die, and only needs to drive the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7 to move downward to respectively radially extrude the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die, so as to complete the deformation of the inner and outer diameters of the ring 4. Repeated deformation with the cooperation of the rotating mechanism can greatly improve the precision of the ring 4.

[0055] The elastic member 16 can be a return spring or the like.

[0056] The driving device is used to control the downward or upward movement of the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7. The movement can be sequential, but is preferably simultaneous to ensure consistency of movement, thereby entering a cooperative deformation mode in which the inner diameter expansion and the outer diameter reduction of the ring 4 coexist.

[0057] As shown in Figure 3 , the slope of the outer punch 1 is α, and the range is between 5° and 30°. The slope of the inner punch 7 can be selected within a reasonable range. As shown in Figure 2 , the outer side slope of the inner punch 7 is consistent with the inner side slope of the outer punch 1. In addition, the central axis of the inner punch 7 coincides with the central axis of the outer punch 1, as shown in Figure 1 or 2, so that when the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7 move downward at the same time, the stress of the outer diameter contraction die and the inner diameter expansion die in the radial direction can remain consistent. The outer punch 1 can also be a positive polygonal taper with the inner side being large at the top and small at the bottom, so as to cooperate with the inner punch 7 which coincides with the central axis, and when acting on a general ring, the stress in the radial direction can remain consistent.

[0058] Of course, in principle, as long as the slope of the outer punch 1 is not 0° or 90°, it can be realized in theory, only the difficulty level is different.

[0059] In addition, the central axis of the inner punch 7 does not necessarily coincide with the central axis of the outer punch 1. As shown in Figure 6 , when processing some special-shaped rings, the coaxiality of the inner and outer punches needs to be changed, or the shape of the punch needs to be changed for cooperation.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 , the driving device is a hydraulic device, comprising a first hydraulic device 14 and a second hydraulic device 12; the first hydraulic device 14 is connected with the lower end of the inner punch 7 through the telescopic rod 11; the second hydraulic device 12 is connected with the lower end of the outer punch 1 through the telescopic rod 11. Thus, the upward and downward movement of the inner punch 7 can be controlled by the first hydraulic device 14, and the upward and downward movement of the outer punch 1 can be controlled by the second hydraulic device 12.

[0061] The first hydraulic device 14 and the second hydraulic device 12 are located on the same reference plane, such as Figure 2 As shown, this ensures the consistency of movement between the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7. Alternatively, a control mechanism can also be used to maintain the consistency of movement between the inner and outer punches.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure 4, the outer diameter shrinkage mold includes an outer diameter shrinkage mold drive block 2 and an outer diameter shrinkage mold discrete block 3, and the inner diameter bulging mold includes an inner diameter bulging mold drive block 6 and an inner diameter bulging mold discrete block 5. The cross-sections of the outer diameter shrinkage mold drive block 2 and the inner diameter bulging mold drive block 6 are L-shaped, and each has a boss at its lower end to support the discrete block, forming a wedge mechanism that fits against the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7 respectively, and can move radially inward and outward respectively by the downward pressure of the punch. The outer diameter shrinkage mold discrete block 3 is an annular block composed of several arc blocks that are equally divided into a circle, with its inner side forming a circular inner diameter and its outer side contacting or connecting with the outer diameter shrinkage mold drive block 2. The inner diameter bulging mold discrete block 5 is an annular block composed of several arc blocks that are equally divided into a circle, with its outer side forming a circular inner diameter and its inner side contacting or connecting with the inner diameter bulging mold drive block 6.

[0063] The above describes general ring parts. Both the outer diameter shrinkage mold discrete block 3 and the inner diameter expansion mold discrete block 5 are composed of ring blocks that are equally divided into circles. This allows the inner and outer sides to form circular inner diameters during deformation to process the ring part. When deforming irregularly shaped ring parts, a shape that is compatible with them, such as an ellipse, is used to complete the deformation operation.

[0064] The outer side of the outer diameter shrinking die drive block 2 and the inner side of the inner diameter expanding die drive block 6 respectively form a wedge mechanism (i.e., an inclined surface) that contacts the outer punch 1 and the inner punch 7, and fits against them, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, this allows the inner and outer punches to move radially inward and outward respectively when they move downward.

[0065] The support guide rail 10 is located below the outer diameter shrinking mold and the inner diameter bulging mold, and is mainly used to support them. The support guide rail 10 can simultaneously support the outer diameter shrinking mold and the inner diameter bulging mold, or the support guide rail 10 includes an outer diameter shrinking mold support guide rail 10-2 for supporting the outer diameter shrinking mold and an inner diameter bulging mold support guide rail 10-1 for supporting the inner diameter bulging mold, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown; the outer diameter shrinkage mold drive block 2 is provided with a screw hole 19, and a screw groove is provided at the corresponding position of its boss. One end of the screw 9 passes through the screw hole 19 and the screw groove and contacts the ring 4 above, and the other end passes through the screw hole 19 and is connected to the rotating device.

[0066] Therefore, the support rail 10 of this application can be divided into the following two schemes:

[0067] Option 1: The drive blocks for both the outer diameter shrinking mold and the inner diameter expanding mold are simultaneously supported by the same support guide rail 10. The protrusion of the support guide rail 10 can be connected to the outer diameter shrinking mold drive block 2 via an elastic element 16, thereby ensuring that the outer diameter shrinking mold drive block 2 can return to its original position when not subjected to radial force. The screw groove and screw hole 19 can be deepened, allowing the screw 9 to pass through, and an elastic element 16 connected to the protrusion of the support guide rail 10 is provided below the screw 9. This elastic element 16 connects to or contacts the boss of the inner diameter expanding mold drive block 6, which extends below the screw 9, thereby ensuring that the inner diameter expanding mold drive block 6 can return to its original position when not subjected to radial force.

[0068] Option 2: The outer diameter shrinking mold is supported by the outer diameter shrinking mold support rail 10-2, and the inner diameter bulging mold is supported by the inner diameter bulging mold support rail 10-1. The outer diameter shrinking mold support rail 10-2 and the inner diameter bulging mold support rail 10-1 can be arranged in an alternating manner, such as... Figure 5 The uniformly spaced arrangement shown ensures that they do not interfere with each other. At this point, only elastic elements 16 that connect to or contact the drive block need to be installed on the bosses of each guide rail. The screw 9 can be installed individually or simultaneously below the inner diameter bulging mold and the outer diameter shrinking mold. If installed below the outer diameter shrinking mold, the screw hole 19 and screw groove for it to pass through can be set as in Scheme 1; if installed below the inner diameter bulging mold, it can be directly installed below it, or the screw hole 19 for it to pass through can be set at the corresponding position of the drive block 2 of the outer diameter shrinking mold.

[0069] This application includes, but is not limited to, the two schemes mentioned above.

[0070] The outer punch 1 has grooves at corresponding positions on the inner and outer support guides, which ensures that the outer punch 1 will not be affected when moving up and down, whether it adopts the support guide 10 of scheme 1 or the outer diameter shrinking mold support guide 10-2 and inner diameter expanding mold support guide 10-1 of scheme 2, thereby avoiding interference with the vertical movement of the outer punch 1.

[0071] The screw 9 can also pass through the protrusion of the support guide rail 10 and be connected to the rotating device. The screw 9 drives the ring 4 to rotate around the center line axis and repeats the deformation operation so that the ring 4 can move fully and deform evenly.

[0072] A groove may be provided above the support guide rail 10. The bosses of the outer diameter shrinkage mold drive block 2 and the inner diameter expansion mold drive block 6 are located in the groove of the support guide rail 10 so that the inner diameter expansion mold and the outer diameter shrinkage mold can move radially along the groove.

[0073] The rotating device can drive the screw 9 to rotate, and since the circumferential surface of the screw 9 is in contact with the lower end of the ring 4, the ring 4 is driven to rotate around the central axis by a certain angle through friction. Then the above deformation and rotation steps are repeated to ensure uniform and sufficient deformation of the ring 4.

[0074] The inner side of the outer diameter contraction model and the outer side of the inner diameter expansion die respectively constitute the deformation shape of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the ring 4, so as to realize the deformation of the inner and outer diameters of the ring 4. Even some special-shaped rings, only need to replace the discrete die in contact with the circumferential surface of the ring with the same profile, the production cost is low.

[0075] Of course, most of the rings are mainly circular, so the initial state of the outer diameter contraction die discrete block 3 is a whole circle divided into divergent circular arcs, and there is no interference between the contraction process and the end of the contraction. The limit position to the inner side is (nearly) circular; the initial state of the inner diameter expansion die discrete block 5 is (nearly) circular, and the expansion process and the end of the expansion are in a divergent state. The discrete block is composed of a plurality of whole circle divided annular blocks, and the number of annular blocks is 3-15. By using the above structure, when the ring 4 with different inner and outer diameters is used, the present application does not need to replace the special mold (such as the contraction cylinder or the rigid ring in the approximate patent), and only by adjusting the number of discrete blocks, or only by changing the shape of the die in contact with the circumferential surface of the ring 4, the inner diameter expansion and the outer diameter contraction of the ring 4 with different sizes and various cross-sectional shapes can be realized. The production cost is low. In addition, the number and angle of the annular blocks of the outer diameter contraction die discrete block 3 and the inner diameter expansion die discrete block 5 are consistent, as shown in Figure 1 Or 2, in the case that the inner and outer punches move uniformly, the consistency of the stress on the inner and outer diameters of the ring 4 can be ensured to ensure the precision of synchronous deformation.

[0076] As shown in Figure 1 Or 2, the ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device further comprises a base 15; the hydraulic device is located between the inner and outer punches and the base 15; the outer punch 1 is provided with a guide column hole 17, and the base 15 is provided with a guide column 8 penetrating the guide column hole 17; and a mounting table 13 is arranged between the base 15 and the supporting guide rail 10. The guide column 8 can make the vertical movement of the outer punch 1 to ensure the form tolerance.

[0077] The outer punch 1 is further provided with a lifting hole 18 which can be conveniently taken and placed.

[0078] The rotating device and the hydraulic device are both prior art. The rotating device and the hydraulic device can be uniformly controlled by a control system to realize the synchronous deformation of the ring expansion and contraction.

[0079] A process method using the ring expansion and contraction integrated forming device, comprising the following steps:

[0080] Placing the ring 4 between the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter shrinking die;

[0081] Starting the hydraulic device to make the inner punch 7 and the outer punch 1 move downward; the inner punch and the outer punch make the driving blocks of the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter shrinking die move radially outward and inward respectively through the inclined wedge mechanism, and drive the discrete blocks to contact the circumferential surface of the inner side and the outer side of the ring 4 respectively, so as to extrude the circumferential surface of the inner and outer diameter of the ring 4 through the die and keep pressure;

[0082] Through the hydraulic device unloading, the inner punch 7 and the outer punch 1 move upward, and the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter shrinking die reset under the action of the spring;

[0083] Through the rotating device, the screw rod 9 connected thereto rotates, so that the circumferential surface of the screw rod 9 and the lower surface of the ring 4 in contact with it generate friction force, thereby driving the ring 4 to rotate around the central axis by an angle β; wherein the angle β is between 3° and 45°.

[0084] Repeat the remaining steps except the ring placing step for 3-10 times, and the deformation is completed;

[0085] Reset the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter shrinking die, and take out the ring 4.

[0086] Through the die extruding the circumferential surface of the inner and outer diameter of the ring 4, the ring 4 can realize the expansion of the inner diameter, the reduction of the outer diameter, and the coexistence of the expansion of the inner diameter and the reduction of the outer diameter. Through the rotating device and the screw rod 9 driving the ring 4 to rotate around the central axis by an angle β and repeating the deformation operation, the ring 4 can be uniformly deformed, and the precision of the ring can be greatly improved.

[0087] Simultaneously control the hydraulic device connected with the inner punch 7 and the outer punch 1, so that the inner punch and the outer punch move downward or upward at the same speed, so that the expansion of the inner diameter and the reduction of the outer diameter of the ring 4 coexist in the cooperative deformation mode. By using the method of simultaneous upward and downward movement of the inner punch and the outer punch, the movement can be kept consistent. With the characteristics of the device, the inner diameter bulging, the outer diameter shrinking and the deformation model of the two at the same time can be realized on one set of device, which has high precision and wide application range.

[0088] The angle β can generally be selected in the range of 5°-12° or 15°-22.5° or 30°-45°, and the specific value can be one of 5°, 12°, 15°, 22.5°, 30° and 45°.

[0089] Before placing the ring 4 between the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter shrinking die, the ring 4 is also heated to a specified temperature. Heating the ring 4 before deformation can make the subsequent deformation operation more efficient. Of course, the specified temperature is different for different materials of the ring 4.

[0090] Three specific operating modes for the ring 4 are as follows:

[0091] Example one:

[0092] Inner diameter bulging

[0093] The following takes TC4 titanium alloy (target size φ1200mm x φ1090mm x 150mm) as an example to illustrate the specific implementation of the application.

[0094] (1) Step 1: The TC4 titanium alloy ring forging obtained by ring rolling is heated to 850℃, the size is φ1205-1210mm x φ1080-1085mm x 150mm, and is placed between the inner bulging die and the outer diameter contraction die.

[0095] (2) Step 2: Start the first hydraulic device 14, and move the inner punch 7 downward at a speed of 10mm / s. The inner diameter bulging die is driven by the inclined wedge mechanism to move radially outward from the center, so that the inner diameter of the ring 4 gradually produces plastic deformation. When the outer diameter size of the inner diameter bulging die reaches φ1090mm, stop moving and keep pressure for 5s.

[0096] (3) Step 3: Move the inner and outer punches upward by the first hydraulic device 14 at a speed of 10mm / s. After unloading, the inner diameter bulging die and the outer diameter contraction die gradually reset under the action of the spring, and then the ring is rotated around the center axis by the screw rod 9, and the rotation angle is 15°.

[0097] (4) Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 four times to ensure uniform deformation of the ring 4.

[0098] (5) Step 5: After deformation, the die resets and the ring 4 is taken out.

[0099] Figure 7 The ring profile before and after the single inner diameter bulging experiment is shown in the following figure.

[0100] Example two:

[0101] Outer diameter contraction

[0102] The following takes TC4 titanium alloy (target size φ1200mm x φ1090mm x 150mm) as an example to illustrate the specific implementation of the application.

[0103] (1) Step 1: The TC4 titanium alloy ring forging obtained by ring rolling is heated to 845℃, the size is φ1205-1210mm x φ1080-1085mm x 150mm, and is placed between the inner bulging die and the outer diameter contraction die.

[0104] (2) Step 2: Start the second hydraulic device 12 to move the outer punch 1 downward at a speed of 12 mm / s. The outer punch 1 drives the outer diameter contraction die to move radially inward through the inclined wedge mechanism, so that the outer diameter of the ring 4 gradually produces plastic deformation. When the inner diameter size of the outer diameter contraction die reaches φ1200mm, stop moving and keep pressure for 6s.

[0105] (3) Step 3: Move the inner and outer punches upward through the first hydraulic device 14 and the second hydraulic device 12 at a speed of 12 mm / s. After unloading, the outer diameter contraction die gradually resets under the action of the spring, and then the ring 4 is rotated through the screw rod 9 with a rotation angle of 10°.

[0106] (4) Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 six times to ensure uniform deformation of the ring 4.

[0107] (5) Step 5: After deformation, the die resets and the ring 4 is taken out.

[0108] Example Three:

[0109] Inner diameter expansion + outer diameter contraction

[0110] The following will take TC4 titanium alloy (target size φ1200mm x φ1090mm x 150mm) as an example to illustrate the specific implementation of the present application.

[0111] (1) Step 1: Heat the TC4 titanium alloy ring forging obtained by ring rolling to 840℃, with a size of φ1205-1210mm x φ1080-1085mm x 150mm, and place it between the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die.

[0112] (2) Step 2: Start the first hydraulic device 14 and the second hydraulic device 12 to move the inner and outer punches downward at a speed of 15 mm / s.

[0113] (3) Step 3: The inner and outer punches respectively drive the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die to move radially through the inclined wedge mechanism, so that the inner and outer diameters of the ring 4 simultaneously produce plastic deformation. When the outer diameter size of the inner diameter expansion die reaches φ1090mm and the inner diameter size of the outer diameter contraction die reaches φ1200mm, stop moving and keep pressure for 8s.

[0114] (4) Step 4: Move the inner and outer punches upward through the first hydraulic device 14 and the second hydraulic device 12 at a speed of 15 mm / s. After unloading, the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die gradually reset under the action of the spring, and then the ring 4 is rotated through the screw rod 9 with a rotation angle of 10°.

[0115] (5) Step 5: Repeat steps 2, 3 and 4 five times to ensure uniform deformation of the ring 4.

[0116] (6) Step 6: After the deformation is finished, the mold is reset, and the ring 4 is taken out.

[0117] Figure 8 The ring strain diagram obtained by the bulging + outer shrinkage simultaneous deformation, Figure 9 Compared with the outer diameter being free and the inner diameter being expanded by 7mm-16mm after bulging in the first embodiment, the ring obtained by the bulging + shrinkage simultaneous deformation has target sizes of the inner and outer diameters, and the precision is greatly improved compared with the prior art.

[0118] The above embodiments do not limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application, such as changing the punch movement direction, changing the punch and mold shape, adjusting the punch to be integral or segmented, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0119] As described above, by using the scheme of the present application, the inner diameter bulging of the ring, the outer diameter shrinkage of the ring, and the inner diameter bulging and outer diameter shrinkage simultaneous deformation of the ring can be realized by adjusting the hydraulic mechanism and the rotating mechanism to control the mold movement without a press machine. When only the inner diameter of the ring is bulged in the first embodiment or only the outer diameter of the ring is shrunk in the second embodiment, the outer diameter shrinkage mold and the inner diameter bulging mold can keep the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the ring pre-deformed to the target size and then remain still, and play a limiting role in the subsequent deformation process to guarantee the size precision, which has the same effect as the third embodiment, has low equipment requirements, is high in efficiency and energy saving. Through the design of the movement and force consistency, the final ring obtained by the scheme of the present application has uniform wall thickness, good inner and outer diameter roundness, and high size precision, and can be applied in the field of aerospace.

[0120] The above non-specific fixed connection can be riveting, welding, bolt coupling and other connection modes, and the movable connection can be hinged and other connection modes.

Claims

1. A device for integral forming of ring bulging and diameter reduction, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of ring piece correction device, including: Driving mechanism, including outer punch (1) with slope, inner punch (7) and the driving device connected with it respectively;The outer punch (1) is the multi-sided cone of big on inside, small on outside;The outer punch (1) is equipped with recess;The driving device is used to drive the outer punch (1) and inner punch (7) to move up and down;The outside slope of the inner punch (7) is consistent with the inside slope of the outer punch (1);The central axis of the inner punch (7) coincides with the central axis of outer punch (1); Deformation die, including outer diameter contraction die, inner diameter expansion die and support guide rail (10);The outside of the outer diameter contraction die is adapted to the inside of the outer punch (1), and the inside of the outer diameter contraction die constitutes the shape for correcting the outer diameter of ring piece (4);The inside of the inner diameter expansion die is adapted to the outside of the inner punch (7), and the outside of the inner diameter expansion die constitutes the shape for correcting the inner diameter of ring piece (4);The support guide rail (10) is located below the outer diameter contraction die and inner diameter expansion die, and one end is located in the recess of the outer punch (1);The support guide rail (10) is respectively equipped with elastic member (16) connected or contacted with outer diameter contraction die and inner diameter expansion die, for resetting the outer diameter contraction die and inner diameter expansion die;The outer diameter contraction die includes outer diameter contraction die driving block (2) and outer diameter contraction die discrete block (3), and the inner diameter expansion die includes inner diameter expansion die driving block (6) and inner diameter expansion die discrete block (5);The cross section of the outer diameter contraction die driving block (2) and the inner diameter expansion die driving block (6) is L-shaped, and the lower end is equipped with the boss of support discrete block, and constitutes inclined wedge mechanism and is attached to the outer punch (1) and the inner punch (7) respectively, which can move radially to the inside and outside respectively by the pressing of punch; Rotating mechanism, including rotating device and screw rod (9);The rotating device is connected with the screw rod (9), for rotating ring piece (4) by the screw rod (9).

2. The device for integrated forming of bulging and reducing of rings according to claim 1, characterized in that The slope of the outer punch (1) is α , ranging between 5°-30°; the driving device is a hydraulic device, comprising a first hydraulic device (14) and a second hydraulic device (12); the first hydraulic device (14) is connected with the lower end of the inner punch (7) through a telescopic rod (11); the second hydraulic device (12) is connected with the lower end of the outer punch (1) through a telescopic rod (11); the first hydraulic device (14) and the second hydraulic device (12) are located at the same reference surface.

3. The device for integrated bulging and reducing of rings according to claim 2, characterized in that The outer diameter contraction die discrete block (3) is a number of annular blocks composed of integral circle division of circular arc block, and the inside constitutes circular inner diameter, and the outside is contacted or connected with the outer diameter contraction die driving block (2);The inner diameter expansion die discrete block (5) is a number of annular blocks composed of integral circle division of circular arc block, and the outside constitutes circular inner diameter, and the inside is contacted or connected with the inner diameter expansion die driving block (6).

4. The device for integrated forming of bulging and reducing of rings according to claim 3, characterized in that The support guide rail (10) can support the outer diameter contraction die and inner diameter expansion die simultaneously, or the support guide rail (10) includes outer diameter contraction die support guide rail (10-2) for supporting outer diameter contraction die and inner diameter expansion die support guide rail (10-1) for supporting inner diameter expansion die;The outer diameter contraction die driving block (2) is equipped with screw rod hole (19), and the corresponding position of the boss is equipped with screw rod groove, one end of the screw rod (9) is contacted with ring piece (4) above by passing through screw rod hole (19) and screw rod groove, and the other end is connected with rotating device by passing through the screw rod hole (19).

5. The device for integrated bulging and reducing of rings according to claim 3, characterized in that The number and angle of the annular blocks of the outer diameter contraction die discrete blocks (3) and the inner diameter expansion die discrete blocks (5) are consistent.

6. The device for integrated bulging and reducing of rings according to claim 2, characterized in that The hydraulic device is located between the inner and outer punches and the base (15); the outer punch (1) is provided with a guide column hole (17), and the base (15) is provided with a guide column (8) penetrating through the guide column hole (17); and a mounting table (13) is arranged between the base (15) and the support guide rail (10).

7. A process for the integrated bulging and reducing of a ring using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Placing the ring piece (4) between the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die; Starting the hydraulic device to move the inner punch (7) and the outer punch (1) downward; the inner and outer punches drive the driving blocks of the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die to move radially outward and inward respectively through the inclined wedge mechanism, so that the discrete blocks contact the circumferential surfaces of the inner side and the outer side of the ring piece (4) respectively, so as to extrude the circumferential surfaces of the inner and outer diameters of the ring piece (4) through the dies and maintain the pressure; Through the hydraulic device unloading, the inner punch (7) and the outer punch (1) move upward, and the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die reset under the action of the spring; Through the rotating device, the screw rod (9) connected thereto rotates, so that the circumferential surface of the screw rod (9) and the lower surface of the ring piece (4) in contact with the circumferential surface generate friction, thereby driving the ring piece (4) to rotate around the central axis by an angle β; wherein the angle β is between 3° and 45°; Repeat the remaining steps except the ring piece placing step for 3-10 times, and the deformation is completed; Reset the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die, and take out the ring piece (4).

8. The process of claim 7, wherein, Simultaneously control the hydraulic devices connected with the inner punch (7) and the outer punch (1) to move the inner and outer punches downward or upward at the same speed, so that the inner diameter expansion of the ring piece (4) and the outer diameter reduction are in a coexisting and cooperative deformation mode.

9. The process of claim 7, wherein, Before placing the ring piece (4) between the inner diameter expansion die and the outer diameter contraction die, the ring piece (4) is heated to a specified temperature.

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