Lifting device and ship unloader

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ship unloading equipment, and discloses a lifting device and a ship unloader, wherein the lifting device comprises: a rack, one side of which is provided with a stand; a cantilever frame, one end of which is slidably arranged on the stand; a material taking mechanism, which is arranged on the cantilever frame and is used for taking material; a lifting mechanism, which comprises a lifting traction rope, a lifting pulley assembly and a lifting driving unit; the lifting driving unit is fixed on the side of the rack far from the cantilever frame; the two ends of the lifting traction rope are connected with the cantilever frame and the lifting driving unit through the lifting pulley assembly; a counterweight mechanism, which comprises a counterweight traction rope, a counterweight pulley assembly and a counterweight piece; the counterweight piece is located on the side of the rack far from the cantilever frame; the two ends of the counterweight traction rope are connected with the cantilever frame and the counterweight piece through the counterweight pulley assembly. The lifting mechanism drives the cantilever frame and the material taking mechanism to lift at the same time, the lifting mode is simple, the material taking mechanism is convenient for digging different height materials, and the working efficiency of the material taking mechanism is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of unloading equipment, in particular to a lifting device and a ship unloader. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ship unloader is a special machine which can continuously unload the bulk material from the ship cabin to the shore conveyor system by using the continuous conveying machine to make the machine head capable of lifting the bulk material, or having the self-retrieving capacity, or being equipped with the retrieving and feeding mechanism. The use of the ship unloader can greatly improve the unloading efficiency and is highly efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0003] The retrieving mechanism for lifting the material of the ship unloader is generally arranged on the cantilever frame, and the lifting of the retrieving mechanism is realized by the luffing movement of the cantilever frame so as to dig the material at different heights. The defect of this structure is that the luffing height of the cantilever frame is limited and difficult to adjust, resulting in low working efficiency of the retrieving mechanism. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a lifting device and a ship unloader to solve the problem of low working efficiency of the retrieving mechanism.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a lifting device, comprising: a frame, one side of which is provided with a stand; a cantilever frame, one end of which is slidably arranged on the stand; a retrieving mechanism, which is arranged on the cantilever frame and is used for retrieving material; a lifting mechanism, which comprises a lifting traction rope, a lifting pulley assembly and a lifting drive unit; the lifting drive unit is fixed on the side of the frame far away from the cantilever frame; the lifting pulley assembly is arranged on the frame; the two ends of the lifting traction rope are connected to the cantilever frame and the lifting drive unit through the lifting pulley assembly respectively; a counterweight mechanism, which comprises a counterweight traction rope, a counterweight pulley assembly and a counterweight piece; the counterweight pulley assembly is arranged on the frame; the counterweight piece is located on the side of the frame far away from the cantilever frame; the two ends of the counterweight traction rope are connected to the cantilever frame and the counterweight piece through the counterweight pulley assembly respectively.

[0006] Beneficial effects: the lifting mechanism of the present application drives the cantilever frame and the retrieving mechanism to lift along the stand at the same time, the lifting mode is simple and convenient to operate, the retrieving mechanism is convenient to dig the material at different heights, and the working efficiency of the retrieving mechanism is improved. The counterweight mechanism can balance the weight of the cantilever frame and the retrieving mechanism, reduce the lifting torque of the lifting drive unit, reduce the use power of the lifting drive unit, and reduce the use cost.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the frame top is provided with a cross beam along the length direction of the cantilever frame; the lifting pulley assembly comprises a first pulley set and a second pulley set, the first pulley set and the second pulley set are arranged on the opposite ends of the cross beam respectively; the lifting traction rope is wound around the first pulley set and the second pulley set to connect the cantilever frame and the lifting drive unit respectively.

[0008] Beneficial effects: the lifting traction rope is reversed through the first pulley block and the second pulley block, and is connected with the lifting driving unit and the cantilever frame respectively with the cross beam as the support. The lifting traction rope does not interfere with the stand column. The lifting driving unit pulls the lifting traction rope, and the lifting traction rope drives the cantilever frame to slide along the stand column to realize the lifting and lowering.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the cross beam is arranged on the top of the frame along the length direction of the cantilever frame; the counterweight pulley assembly comprises a third pulley block and a fourth pulley block, and the third pulley block and the fourth pulley block are arranged at opposite ends of the cross beam respectively; the counterweight traction rope is connected with the cantilever frame and the counterweight piece respectively by passing through the third pulley block and the fourth pulley block.

[0010] Beneficial effects: the counterweight traction rope is reversed through the third pulley block and the fourth pulley block, and is connected with the cantilever frame and the counterweight piece respectively with the cross beam as the support. The counterweight traction rope does not interfere with the stand column and the lifting traction rope, and is simple to install. When the cantilever frame is pulled up by the lifting mechanism, the counterweight piece is lowered relative to the stand column under the action of its own gravity, which can effectively balance the weight of the cantilever frame and the material taking mechanism on the cantilever frame, thereby reducing the lifting torque of the lifting driving unit, reducing the use power of the lifting driving unit, and reducing the use cost.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the lifting device further comprises a running vehicle, a rotating mechanism and a moving vehicle; the running vehicle is arranged on the cantilever frame and can move along the length direction of the cantilever frame; the material taking mechanism is installed on the running vehicle through the rotating mechanism; the moving vehicle is arranged on the bottom of the frame and can move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever frame.

[0012] Beneficial effects: the material taking mechanism moves along the length direction of the cantilever frame through the running vehicle, which can dig materials at different horizontal positions. The material taking mechanism can rotate relative to the cantilever frame through the rotating mechanism to dig materials at different horizontal angles. The moving vehicle can drive the material taking mechanism to move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever frame, which can realize the digging of materials at any position in a horizontal plane through the cooperation of the running vehicle and the rotating mechanism, and has high flexibility, which significantly improves the working efficiency of the material taking mechanism.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the material taking mechanism comprises a material taking frame, a bucket chain and a material taking driving mechanism; the upper end of the material taking frame is arranged on the running vehicle; the bucket chain is composed of a plurality of buckets connected end to end and arranged around the outer periphery of the material taking frame; the material taking driving mechanism is configured to drive the bucket chain to rotate relative to the material taking frame to dig materials.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The material taking driving mechanism drives the bucket chain to rotate, and the hopper digs and transports the material to the upper end of the cantilever frame during the rotation. The material taking mechanism is arranged on the running vehicle and can be driven by the rotating mechanism to adjust the rotation angle, so that the hopper always takes the material in the front, and the working efficiency is higher than that of the traditional rotating material taking mode. And it significantly reduces the torsional force on the bucket chain, improves the reliability of the bucket chain, and is not easy to damage, with low maintenance cost.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the material taking driving mechanism comprises a first sprocket, a second sprocket, a material taking driving unit, a horizontal telescopic mechanism and a vertical telescopic mechanism, one side of the first sprocket and the second sprocket is fixedly connected through the horizontal telescopic mechanism, and the vertical telescopic mechanism is installed on the material taking frame; the outer circumferential side of the first sprocket and the second sprocket is in close contact with the bucket chain, and the material taking driving unit is configured to drive at least one of the first sprocket and the second sprocket to rotate.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The horizontal telescopic mechanism of the present application can drive the first sprocket and the second sprocket to contract relatively when the bucket chain is subjected to a surge, so as to relax the bucket chain and reduce the impact force on the bucket chain. When the surge exceeds the contraction limit of the horizontal telescopic mechanism, the running vehicle drives the material taking mechanism to move horizontally as a whole, further reducing the impact force of the surge in the horizontal direction. Similarly, the vertical telescopic mechanism can drive the material taking frame to contract relatively when the bucket chain is subjected to a surge, so as to relax the bucket chain and reduce the impact force on the bucket chain. When the surge exceeds the contraction limit of the vertical telescopic mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the material taking mechanism as a whole to move upward relative to the column, further reducing the impact force of the surge in the vertical direction, which can effectively resist the impact of the surge.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the lifting device further comprises a supporting wheel, which is arranged at one end of the cantilever frame close to the column; the column is provided with a track on the side close to the cantilever frame, and the supporting wheel is installed in the track.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The cantilever frame slides on the track of the column through the supporting wheel, which can reduce the wear of the cantilever frame during relative sliding. After the counterweight mechanism balances the weight of the cantilever frame, it can also reduce the pressure on the supporting wheel and improve the safety of the lifting device.

[0019] In the second aspect, the present application also provides an unloading machine, which comprises a material falling cylinder and the above-mentioned lifting device; the cantilever frame is further provided with a conveying belt, and opposite ends of the conveying belt are respectively provided with a feeding area and a discharging area; the discharging area extends outward to form an extension plate; the material falling cylinder is fixed to the frame and is provided with a through hole along its length direction, and a closable feeding port is formed in the side wall; the extension plate can extend into the feeding port; the length direction of the material falling cylinder is perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever frame.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The ship unloader of the present invention includes the above-mentioned lifting device and has the same effect as the above-mentioned lifting device. In addition, the extension plate can extend into the feed inlet, and when the cantilever frame slides up and down along the column, the feed inlet can be opened at different positions through the extension plate to realize continuous feeding of the material picking mechanism at different heights.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the feed cylinder includes multiple elastic baffles and a first end face and a second end face located on both sides of the feed inlet along its length; the multiple elastic baffles are sequentially fixed to the first end face and the second end face, and close the feed inlet; the extension plate can contact one or more of the elastic baffles and squeeze the elastic baffles to open the feed inlet.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The extension plate opens the feed inlet by compressing the elastic baffle, feeding the material from the conveyor belt into the discharge cylinder, resulting in a simple structure. The elastic baffle, which is not in contact with the extension plate, closes the feed inlet under its own elasticity, preventing material splashing and dust pollution. It also prevents external environmental pollution from entering the discharge cylinder and contaminating the already excavated material.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the ship unloader further includes: a scraper conveyor, one end of which is located in the material dropping area of ​​the material taking mechanism, and the other end of which is located above the material feeding area; a material buffer pool, which is connected to the bottom of the material dropping cylinder and is set at an angle relative to the horizontal plane; and a receiving machine, which is connected to the material buffer pool.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By using a scraper conveyor to compensate for the horizontal distance between the material-reclaiming mechanism and the cantilever frame, the material lifted by the material-reclaiming mechanism first falls naturally to the scraper conveyor, and is then transported by the scraper conveyor to the feeding area of ​​the conveyor belt, thus achieving feeding. The material buffer pool can slow down the speed of the material falling from the discharge cylinder, reducing the impact of the material on the unloader. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material handling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4This is a partial schematic diagram of the material discharge cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Frame; 101. Column; 102. Crossbeam; 2. Cantilever; 201. Conveyor Belt; 202. Extension Plate; 3. Material Handling Mechanism; 301. Material Handling Rack; 302. Bucket Chain; 3031. First Sprocket; 3032. Second Sprocket; 3033. Horizontal Telescopic Mechanism; 3034. Vertical Telescopic Mechanism; 401. Lifting Traction Rope; 402. Lifting Drive Unit; 403. First Pulley Block; 404. Second Pulley Block; 501. Counterweight Traction Rope; 502. Counterweight; 503. Third Pulley Block 504. Fourth pulley block; 505. Fifth pulley block; 6. Traveling trolley; 601. Wheel; 602. Drive motor; 603. Connecting hole; 7. Rotating mechanism; 8. Moving trolley; 9. Support wheel; 10. Drop cylinder; 1001. Feed inlet; 10011. First end face; 10012. Second end face; 1002. Elastic baffle; 10021. Plate body; 10022. Elastic component; 11. Scraper conveyor; 12. Material buffer pool; 13. Receiving machine; 14. Holder; 15. Material. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention address the problem that the height of existing material handling mechanisms is difficult to adjust, resulting in low working efficiency. The present invention proposes to use a lifting mechanism to simultaneously drive the cantilever frame and the material handling mechanism to rise and fall along the column. The lifting method is simple and easy to operate, making it convenient for the material handling mechanism to dig up materials at different heights, thereby improving the working efficiency of the material handling mechanism.

[0035] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a lifting device is provided, mainly comprising: a frame 1, a cantilever 2, a material handling mechanism 3, a lifting mechanism, and a counterweight mechanism. A column 101 is provided on one side of the frame 1. One end of the cantilever 2 is slidably mounted on the column 101. The material handling mechanism 3 is mounted on the cantilever 2 and is used for material handling. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting traction rope 401, a lifting pulley assembly, and a lifting drive unit 402. The lifting drive unit 402 is fixed on the side of the frame 1 away from the cantilever 2. The lifting pulley assembly is mounted on the frame 1. The two ends of the lifting traction rope 401 are respectively connected to the cantilever 2 and the lifting drive unit 402 via the lifting pulley assembly. The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight traction rope 501, a counterweight pulley assembly, and a counterweight 502. The counterweight 502 is located on the side of the frame 1 away from the cantilever 2. The counterweight pulley assembly is mounted on the frame 1. The two ends of the counterweight traction rope 501 are connected to the cantilever 2 and the counterweight 502 respectively through the counterweight pulley assembly.

[0037] In embodiments of the present invention, a lifting mechanism simultaneously drives the cantilever frame 2 and the material-collecting mechanism 3 to rise and fall along the column 101. The lifting method is simple and convenient to operate. The material-collecting mechanism 3 can extend into the cabin 14 to collect materials, facilitating the material-collecting mechanism 3 to dig up materials 15 at different heights within the cabin 14, thus improving the working efficiency of the material-collecting mechanism 3. The counterweight mechanism can balance the weight of the cantilever frame 2 and the material-collecting mechanism 3, reducing the lifting torque of the lifting drive unit 402, thereby reducing the power consumption of the lifting drive unit 402, lowering the operating cost, and also reducing the overturning moment of the column 101.

[0038] Specifically, frame 1 supports cantilever 2, material handling mechanism 3, lifting mechanism, and counterweight mechanism. Both the lifting traction rope 401 and the counterweight traction rope 501 can be made of steel wire rope. Of course, the materials of the lifting traction rope 401 and the counterweight traction rope 501 can be selected from any other existing structures and materials according to actual needs; this embodiment does not impose excessive limitations on this. The lifting drive unit 402 can be a conventional drive unit such as a drum, winch, or drive motor, as needed.

[0039] The lifting drive unit 402 rotates, driving the lifting traction rope 401 to pull the cantilever 2 up and down along the column 101, achieving simultaneous lifting and lowering of the cantilever 2 and the material handling mechanism 3. While the cantilever 2 slides upward along the column 101, the counterweight 502 moves downward under the action of the counterweight traction rope 501 and its own gravity, thereby reducing the driving force required for the lifting drive unit 402 to drive the cantilever 2 upward.

[0040] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a crossbeam 102 is provided at the top of the frame 1 along the length of the cantilever 2. Support columns are also provided at the top of the column 101 and at opposite ends of the crossbeam 102 to improve the support performance of the crossbeam 102. The lifting pulley assembly includes a first pulley group 403 and a second pulley group 404, which are respectively located at opposite ends of the crossbeam 102. The first pulley group 403 is located above the lifting drive unit 402, and the second pulley group 404 is located above the cantilever 2. The lifting traction rope 401 passes around the first pulley group 403 and the second pulley group 404, connecting the cantilever 2 and the lifting drive unit 402 respectively.

[0041] After the lifting traction rope 401 changes direction via the first pulley block 403 and the second pulley block 404, it is supported by the crossbeam 102 and connects to the lifting drive unit 402 and the cantilever frame 2 respectively. The lifting traction rope 401 and the column 101 do not interfere with each other. The lifting drive unit 402 pulls the lifting traction rope 401, which drives the cantilever frame 2 to slide up and down along the column 101, thereby raising and lowering the material handling mechanism 3.

[0042] In addition, the counterweight pulley assembly includes a third pulley block 503 and a fourth pulley block 504, which are respectively located at opposite ends of the crossbeam 102. The counterweight traction rope 501 passes through the third pulley block 503 and the fourth pulley block 504 and connects to the cantilever 2 and the counterweight 502 respectively.

[0043] Furthermore, the counterweight pulley assembly also includes a fifth pulley block 505. The fifth pulley block 505 is located in the middle of the crossbeam 102 and is used to provide support to prevent the counterweight traction rope 501 from loosening due to excessive travel between the third pulley block 503 and the fourth pulley block 504.

[0044] After the counterweight traction rope 501 is reversed through the third pulley block 503 and the fourth pulley block 504, it is supported by the crossbeam 102 and connects the cantilever frame 2 and the counterweight 502 respectively. The installation height of the counterweight traction rope 501 is greater than that of the lifting traction rope 401. The counterweight traction rope 501 does not interfere with the column 101 or the lifting traction rope 401, and its installation is simple. When the cantilever frame 2 is lifted by the lifting mechanism, the counterweight 502 descends relative to the column 101 under its own weight, which can effectively balance the weight of the cantilever frame 2 and the material handling mechanism 3 on the cantilever frame 2, thereby reducing the lifting torque of the lifting drive unit 402, reducing the power consumption of the lifting drive unit 402, and reducing the operating cost.

[0045] It should be noted that the first pulley block 403, the second pulley block 404, the third pulley block 503, the fourth pulley block 504, and the fifth pulley block 505 can be composed of one or more pulleys. The number of pulleys in each pulley block needs to be calculated based on factors such as the height of the column 101, the weight of the cantilever 2, and the weight of the material handling mechanism 3, to ensure that the lifting mechanism can smoothly drive the cantilever 2 to rise and fall, and that the counterweight 502 can effectively balance the weight of the cantilever 2 and the material handling mechanism 3.

[0046] In one embodiment, two sets of lifting mechanisms are provided, symmetrically installed on both sides of the cantilever 2 along its length, to avoid the risk of the lifting traction rope 401 breaking due to excessive force. In addition, two sets of counterweight mechanisms are also provided, symmetrically installed on both sides of the cantilever 2 along its length, which can further distribute the weight of the cantilever 2 and the material handling mechanism 3, avoiding the risk of the counterweight traction rope 501 breaking due to excessive force.

[0047] In one embodiment, each lifting mechanism may use multiple lifting traction ropes 401, and each counterweight mechanism may use multiple counterweight traction ropes 501 to further improve safety.

[0048] In one embodiment, the lifting device further includes a traveling carriage 6, a slewing mechanism 7, and a moving carriage 8. The traveling carriage 6 is mounted on the cantilever frame 2 and is capable of moving along the length of the cantilever frame 2. The material handling mechanism 3 is mounted on the traveling carriage 6 via the slewing mechanism 7. The moving carriage 8 is located at the bottom of the frame 1 and is capable of moving along a length perpendicular to the cantilever frame 2.

[0049] The running vehicle 6, the slewing mechanism 7, and the moving vehicle 8 can all adopt any existing structure. The specific settings can be set according to actual needs. The embodiments of the present invention do not impose too many limitations on this.

[0050] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the traveling vehicle 6 includes four sets of wheels 601 and drive motors 602 that are respectively connected to the four sets of wheels 601. Gear transmission can be selected as the transmission method. A transmission gear is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 602, meshing with another transmission gear on one of the wheels 601 to achieve the transmission connection. Two sets of guide rails are provided on the upper surface of the cantilever frame 2. The drive motor 602 drives the four sets of wheels 601 to move within the two sets of guide rails, thus moving the traveling vehicle 6. A connecting hole 603 is provided through the middle area of ​​the traveling vehicle 6. The upper ends of the slewing mechanism 7 and the material handling mechanism 3 are installed at the connecting hole 603. The slewing mechanism 7 is connected to the material handling mechanism 3 via bearings. The detailed structure of the slewing mechanism 7 and the traveling vehicle 8 is not listed here.

[0051] The material-collecting mechanism 3 moves along the length of the cantilever frame 2 via the traveling vehicle 6, enabling it to collect material 15 at different horizontal positions. The material-collecting mechanism 3 can rotate relative to the cantilever frame 2 via the slewing mechanism 7, allowing it to collect material 15 at different horizontal angles. The moving vehicle 8 drives the material-collecting mechanism 3 to move along a length perpendicular to the cantilever frame 2. Combined with the traveling vehicle 6 and the slewing mechanism 7, the material-collecting mechanism 3 can collect material 15 from any position on a given horizontal plane, exhibiting high flexibility and significantly improving its working efficiency.

[0052] The counterweight 502 also provides an upward lifting force to the cantilever 2, balancing part of the weight of the cantilever 2 and the material handling mechanism 3, reducing the pressure on the traveling vehicle 6 from the material handling mechanism 3, and making the forces on the cantilever 2 and the traveling vehicle 6 more balanced and stable. The remaining weight of the cantilever 2 and the material handling mechanism 3 is converted into a grounding force between the material handling mechanism 3 and the material 15, which ensures the smooth digging of the material 15. In addition, the magnitude of the grounding force can be indirectly adjusted by adjusting the weight of the counterweight 502, so as to dig up different materials 15.

[0053] In one embodiment, the material handling mechanism 3 includes a material handling frame 301, a bucket chain 302, and a material handling drive mechanism. The upper end of the material handling frame 301 is mounted on the traveling vehicle 6. The bucket chain 302 is formed by multiple buckets connected end to end. The multiple buckets are arranged around the outer periphery of the material handling frame 301 to form an L-shaped bucket chain. The material handling drive mechanism is configured to drive the bucket chain 302 to rotate relative to the material handling frame 301 to dig up the material 15. The material handling drive mechanism drives the bucket chain 302 to rotate, and the buckets dig up the material 15 during the rotation and transport the material 15 to the upper end of the cantilever frame 2.

[0054] In traditional rotary material handling systems, the hopper feed width is determined by parameters such as the bucket chain pitch 302, the bucket chain speed 302, and the rotary mechanism 7. However, these parameters are interdependent. If the bucket chain speed 302 is too high, the hopper feed width needs to be reduced. If the bucket chain speed 302 is too slow, it will affect the material lifting efficiency. Therefore, rotary material handling limits the working efficiency of the material handling mechanism 3. Furthermore, rotary material handling requires deep and narrow buckets for easy digging, but deep and narrow buckets are not easy to unload completely. The lower end of the material handling mechanism 3 also needs to withstand significant horizontal pressure, making both the material handling mechanism 3 and the rotary mechanism 7 prone to failure.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the material-collecting direction of the bucket chain 302 is consistent with its horizontal movement direction, ensuring that the bucket always collects material from the front, resulting in higher working efficiency compared to the traditional rotary material-collecting method. Furthermore, it significantly reduces the torsional force on the bucket chain 302, improving its reliability. The material-collecting mechanism 3 and the rotary mechanism 7 are less prone to damage, resulting in low maintenance costs. The width of the bucket is controllable, facilitating disassembly and cleaning.

[0056] For example, when the moving trolley 8 drives the bucket chain 302 to move along the length direction perpendicular to the cantilever frame 2, the slewing mechanism 7 drives the bucket chain 302 to rotate, so that the material-collecting direction of the bucket chain 302 is consistent with the moving direction of the moving trolley 8, achieving frontal material collection. At this time, if the traveling trolley 6 needs to drive the bucket chain 302 to move along the length direction of the cantilever frame 2, the moving trolley 8 stops running, and the slewing mechanism 7 drives the bucket chain 302 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the material-collecting direction of the bucket chain 302 is consistent with the moving direction of the traveling trolley 6, continuing frontal material collection.

[0057] In addition, such as Figure 3 As shown, the material handling drive mechanism includes a first sprocket 3031, a second sprocket 3032, a material handling drive unit, a horizontal telescopic mechanism 3033, and a vertical telescopic mechanism 3034. One side of the first sprocket 3031 and the second sprocket 3032 is fixedly connected via the horizontal telescopic mechanism 3033. The vertical telescopic mechanism 3034 is mounted on the material handling frame 301. The outer periphery of the first sprocket 3031 and the second sprocket 3032 is in contact with the bucket chain 302. The material handling drive unit (not shown in the figure) is configured to drive the rotation of at least one of the first sprocket 3031 and the second sprocket 3032. The material handling drive unit can be any existing drive unit as needed, such as a motor, cylinder, etc.

[0058] Specifically, the horizontal telescopic mechanism 3033 is a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, and the vertical telescopic mechanism 3034 is a vertical hydraulic cylinder. Other conventional telescopic mechanisms, such as electric push rods or pneumatic cylinders, can also be selected for the horizontal telescopic mechanism 3033 and the vertical telescopic mechanism 3034 as needed. The specific configuration can be set according to actual requirements, and this embodiment does not impose excessive limitations on this.

[0059] The middle section of the material handling frame 301 is connected by a vertical hydraulic cylinder, which divides it into upper and lower parts. Extending the vertical hydraulic cylinder lengthens the material handling frame 301, while retracting it shortens its length. Both the horizontal and vertical hydraulic cylinders are equipped with pressure sensors and preset pressure thresholds. These preset pressure thresholds correspond to the retraction limits of the horizontal and vertical hydraulic cylinders.

[0060] When the bucket chain 302 is operating normally, both the horizontal and vertical hydraulic cylinders are extended to their maximum length, and the bucket chain 302 is in a tensioned state. When the bucket chain 302 is subjected to a surge, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder can drive the first sprocket 3031 and the second sprocket 3032 to retract relative to each other, thus slackening the bucket chain 302 and reducing the horizontal impact force on it. When the surge exceeds the retraction limit of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, i.e., when the pressure sensor of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder detects that the pressure has reached a preset pressure threshold, the traveling vehicle 6 drives the material handling mechanism 3 to move horizontally as a whole, further reducing the horizontal impact force of the surge.

[0061] Similarly, when the bucket chain 302 is subjected to a surge, the vertical hydraulic cylinder can drive the horizontal telescopic mechanism 3033 and the material handling frame 301 to retract relative to each other, thereby slackening the bucket chain 302 and reducing the vertical impact force on the bucket chain 302. When the surge exceeds the retraction limit of the vertical hydraulic cylinder, that is, when the pressure sensor of the vertical hydraulic cylinder detects that the pressure has reached the preset pressure threshold, the lifting mechanism can drive the material handling mechanism 3 to move upward relative to the column 101, further reducing the vertical impact force of the surge.

[0062] In other embodiments, when the surge force exceeds the aforementioned grounding force, the cantilever 2 will move upward along the column 101 under the impact force, and the operating vehicle 6 will move horizontally along the cantilever 2 under the impact force. Therefore, surge resistance can be further achieved by relying on the lifting mechanism and the operating vehicle 6.

[0063] In one embodiment, the lifting device further includes a support wheel 9, which is located at the end of the cantilever 2 near the column 101. The column 101 has a track on the side near the cantilever 2, and the support wheel 9 is installed within the track. The cantilever 2 slides relative to the column 101 via the support wheel 9, reducing wear from this relative sliding. After the counterweight mechanism balances the weight of the cantilever 2, it also reduces the pressure on the support wheel 9, improving the safety of the lifting device.

[0064] Specifically, a set of support wheels 9 are provided on the two end faces of the column 101 that contact the cantilever 2, which together bear the overturning moment of the cantilever 2 and improve the structural stability of the cantilever 2.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides a ship unloader, comprising: a discharge cylinder 10 and the aforementioned lifting device. A conveyor belt 201 is also provided on the cantilever 2, with a feeding area and a discharge area (not shown in the figure) respectively at opposite ends of the conveyor belt 201. The discharge area extends outward to form an extension plate 202. The discharge cylinder 10 is fixed to the frame 1, located in the area between the column 101 and the counterweight 502. The interior of the discharge cylinder 10 has a through hole along its length, and an openable feed inlet 1001 is formed in the side wall. The extension plate 202 can extend into the feed inlet 1001. The length direction of the discharge cylinder 10 is perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever 2.

[0066] The ship unloader of the present invention includes the aforementioned lifting device and has the same effect as the aforementioned lifting device. In addition, the extension plate 202 can extend into the feed inlet 1001. When the cantilever 2 slides up and down along the column 101, the feed inlet 1001 can be opened at different positions through the extension plate 202 to transport the material on the conveyor belt 201 into the discharge cylinder 10, thereby realizing continuous feeding of the material picking mechanism 3 at different heights.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the extension plate 202 is a plate-shaped body that extends outward and slopes downward from the discharge area. When the conveyor belt 201 transports the material 15 to the extension plate 202, the material 15 falls along the extension plate 202 under its own weight and enters the discharge cylinder 10.

[0068] In one embodiment, the feed cylinder 10 includes a plurality of elastic baffles 1002 and a first end face 10011 and a second end face 10012 located on both sides of the feed inlet 1001 along its length. The plurality of elastic baffles 1002 are sequentially fixed to the first end face 10011 and the second end face 10012, and close the feed inlet 1001. The extension plate 202 can contact one or more of the elastic baffles 1002 and squeeze the elastic baffles 1002 to open the feed inlet 1001.

[0069] The extension plate 202 can rise and fall with the cantilever frame 2, and opens the feed inlet 1001 by squeezing the elastic baffle 1002, feeding the material 15 from the conveyor belt 201 into the discharge cylinder 10. The structure is simple. The elastic baffle 1002, which is not in contact with the extension plate 202, closes the feed inlet 1001 under its own elasticity, preventing the material 15 from splashing and causing dust pollution. At the same time, it can also prevent external impurities from entering the discharge cylinder 10 and contaminating the material 15.

[0070] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the elastic baffle 1002 includes a plate body 10021 and an elastic element 10022. One end of the elastic element 10022 is fixed to a first end face 10011 or a second end face 10012, and the other end is fixedly connected to the plate body 10021. The side of the plate body 10021 facing away from the elastic element 10022 is a semi-circular surface. Multiple plates 10021 are distributed facing each other on the first end face 10011 and the second end face 10012, and intersect at this point to close the feed inlet 1001.

[0071] It is understandable that the side of the plate 10021 facing away from the elastic element 10022 can also be a hemispherical surface, an inclined surface, or other conventional surfaces, so that the extension plate 202 can press the plate 10021 at different positions when it is raised and lowered.

[0072] When the extension plate 202 presses the plate body 10021, the elastic element 10022 contracts, and the feed port 1001 in this part opens so that the material 15 at the extension plate 202 can enter the through hole to realize feeding. The plate body 10021 that is not in contact with the extension plate 202 closes the feed port 1001 under the action of the elastic element 10022.

[0073] Of course, the elastic baffle 1002 can also be made of an elastic plate-like material, such as a rubber plate, etc., which will not be listed one by one in this embodiment.

[0074] In one embodiment, the ship unloader further includes a scraper conveyor 11, a material buffer tank 12, and a receiving machine 13. One end of the scraper conveyor 11 is located in the material discharge area of ​​the material handling mechanism 3, and the other end is located above the feeding area. The material buffer tank 12 is connected to the bottom of the discharge cylinder 10 and is set at an angle relative to the horizontal plane. The receiving machine 13 is connected to the material buffer tank 12.

[0075] The scraper conveyor 11 compensates for the horizontal distance between the material-receiving mechanism 3 and the cantilever frame 2, allowing the material 15 lifted by the material-receiving mechanism 3 to first fall to the scraper conveyor 11 by its own weight, and then be transported by the scraper conveyor 11 to the feeding area of ​​the conveyor belt 201, thus achieving feeding. The material buffer pool 12 can slow down the speed of the material 15 as it falls from the discharge cylinder 10, reducing the impact of the material 15 on the unloader.

[0076] Specifically, the material buffer tank 12 consists of two branching pipes. The branching pipes are inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle can be selected according to actual needs; this embodiment does not limit this. The upper ends of the two branching pipes intersect and connect to the bottom of the discharge cylinder 10. The lower ends of the branching pipes are located above the conveyor belts of the two sets of receiving machines 13.

[0077] The receiving machine 13 can be a corrugated sidewall belt conveyor. A hopper is located at the end of the corrugated sidewall belt conveyor, above the dock conveyor belt. Finally, the material 15 is transported to other working areas via the dock conveyor belt to complete the unloading process.

[0078] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0079] The position of the hopper relative to the material 15 is adjusted by the lifting mechanism, the running car 6, the moving car 8, and the rotating mechanism 7, so that the hopper can extend into the interior of the hold 14 for frontal material retrieval. Driven by the material retrieval drive mechanism, the hopper rotates and scoops up the material 15, lifting it up. In the dropping area of ​​the material retrieval mechanism 3, the material 15 falls to the scraper conveyor 11 by its own weight. It is then transported by the scraper conveyor 11 to the feeding area of ​​the conveyor belt 201, and enters the through hole of the dropping cylinder 10 through the extension plate 202 of the conveyor belt 201. After falling to the material buffer pool 12, it is transported by the receiving machine 13 to the dock conveyor belt, completing the unloading process.

[0080] To achieve the basic functions of the ship unloader, the ship unloader in this embodiment may also include other necessary modules or components, such as controllers and wiring. It should be noted that any suitable existing construction can be selected from the other necessary modules or components included in the ship unloader. To clearly and concisely illustrate the technical solution provided in this embodiment, the above-mentioned parts will not be repeated here, and the accompanying drawings have also been simplified accordingly. However, it should be understood that the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0081] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An unloader, characterized in that The invention relates to a ship unloader, comprising: a blanking cylinder (10) and a lifting device; the lifting device comprises: a frame (1) provided with a vertical column (101) on one side; a cantilever frame (2) slidably arranged at one end of the vertical column (101); a material taking mechanism (3) arranged on the cantilever frame (2) for taking material; a lifting mechanism comprising a lifting traction rope (401), a lifting pulley assembly and a lifting drive unit (402); the lifting drive unit (402) is fixed on the side of the frame (1) away from the cantilever frame (2); the lifting pulley assembly is arranged on the frame (1); the two ends of the lifting traction rope (401) are connected to the cantilever frame (2) and the lifting drive unit (402) respectively through the lifting pulley assembly; a counterweight mechanism comprising a counterweight traction rope (501), a counterweight pulley assembly and a counterweight (502); the counterweight (502) is located on the side of the frame (1) away from the cantilever frame (2); the counterweight pulley assembly is arranged on the frame (1); the two ends of the counterweight traction rope (501) are connected to the cantilever frame (2) and the counterweight (502) respectively through the counterweight pulley assembly; the cantilever frame (2) is further provided with a conveying belt (201), the opposite ends of the conveying belt (201) are respectively provided with an inlet area and an outlet area; the outlet area extends outward to form an extension plate (202); the blanking cylinder (10) is fixed on the frame (1), and a through hole is arranged inside along the length direction thereof, and a closable inlet (1001) is arranged on the side wall; the extension plate (202) can extend into the inlet (1001); the length direction of the blanking cylinder (10) is perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever frame (2); the blanking cylinder (10) comprises a plurality of elastic baffles (1002) and a first end face (10011) and a second end face (10012) located on both sides of the length direction of the inlet (1001); a plurality of elastic baffles (1002) are sequentially fixed on the first end face (10011) and the second end face (10012) and close the inlet (1001); the extension plate (202) can contact one or more elastic baffles (1002) and extrude the elastic baffles (1002) to open the inlet (1001).

2. The ship unloader of claim 1, wherein, The ship unloader further comprises: a scraper (11) located at one end of the blanking area of the material taking mechanism (3) and at the other end above the inlet area; a material buffer tank (12) in communication with the bottom of the blanking cylinder (10) and arranged at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane; a material receiving machine (13) in communication with the material buffer tank (12).

3. The ship unloader of claim 1, wherein, The rack (1) is provided with a cross beam (102) on the top along the length direction of the cantilever frame (2); the lifting pulley assembly comprises a first pulley set (403) and a second pulley set (404), and the first pulley set (403) and the second pulley set (404) are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the cross beam (102); the lifting traction rope (401) is connected with the cantilever frame (2) and the lifting driving unit (402) through the first pulley set (403) and the second pulley set (404) respectively.

4. The ship unloader of claim 1, wherein, The rack (1) is provided with a cross beam (102) on the top along the length direction of the cantilever frame (2); the counterweight pulley assembly comprises a third pulley set (503) and a fourth pulley set (504), and the third pulley set (503) and the fourth pulley set (504) are respectively arranged at opposite ends of the cross beam (102); the counterweight traction rope (501) is connected with the cantilever frame (2) and the counterweight (502) through the third pulley set (503) and the fourth pulley set (504) respectively.

5. The ship unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The lifting device further comprises a running vehicle (6), a rotating mechanism (7) and a moving vehicle (8); the running vehicle (6) is arranged on the cantilever frame (2) and can move along the length direction of the cantilever frame (2); the material taking mechanism (3) is installed on the running vehicle (6) through the rotating mechanism (7); the moving vehicle (8) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1) and can move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the cantilever frame (2).

6. The ship unloader of claim 5 wherein, The material taking mechanism (3) comprises a material taking frame (301), a bucket chain (302) and a material taking driving mechanism; the upper end of the material taking frame (301) is arranged on the running vehicle (6); the bucket chain (302) is composed of a plurality of hoppers connected in a head-to-tail manner and is arranged around the outer periphery of the material taking frame (301); the material taking driving mechanism is configured to drive the bucket chain (302) to rotate relative to the material taking frame (301) to dig the material (15).

7. The ship unloader of claim 6, wherein, The material taking driving mechanism comprises a first sprocket (3031), a second sprocket (3032), a material taking driving unit, a horizontal telescopic mechanism (3033) and a vertical telescopic mechanism (3034); one side surface of the first sprocket (3031) and the second sprocket (3032) is fixedly connected through the horizontal telescopic mechanism (3033), and the vertical telescopic mechanism (3034) is installed on the material taking frame (301); the outer peripheral side of the first sprocket (3031) and the second sprocket (3032) is in close contact with the bucket chain (302), and the material taking driving unit is configured to drive at least one of the first sprocket (3031) and the second sprocket (3032) to rotate.

8. The ship unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The lifting device further comprises a supporting wheel (9), and the supporting wheel (9) is arranged at one end of the cantilever frame (2) close to the stand column (101); the stand column (101) is provided with a track on the side close to the cantilever frame (2), and the supporting wheel (9) is installed in the track.

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