An experimental device for simulating a fill mining method and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application provides an experimental device for simulating a backfill mining method and a use method thereof, and comprises a pressure device, a generating device and a stirring device, the generating device is located below a pressure head of the pressure device, and an input end of the generating device is connected with the stirring device through a pipeline. The application can simulate the flow of filling materials, the solidification of the filling materials, the load bearing capacity of a retaining wall and the water filtering property of a filter cloth during the backfill mining process, and according to the data recorded by the experimental device and further experiments on the solidified filling body, researchers can select more suitable filling material, filling material ratio, filter material and the like according to the relevant results, so that the problems of high mining cost, low mining efficiency and poor safety under the mine can be effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of filling mining, in particular to an experimental device for simulating filling mining method and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Filling mining technology has a long development history in the exploitation of mineral resources in China, and it plays an important role in the exploitation of metal mines. However, there are still problems such as high cost, low production efficiency, and variable environmental conditions. In order to solve these problems, researchers need to be able to directly observe the conditions under the mine during the filling mining process and quantify the conditions of some parts during the filling mining process. Currently, there is no physical experimental device for simulating filling mining method in China. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application aims to provide an experimental device for simulating filling mining method and a use method thereof, which can simulate the flow of filling material, the solidification of filling material, the load-bearing capacity of retaining wall, and the water filtration of filter cloth during the filling mining process. Based on the data recorded by the experimental device and further experiments on the solidified filling body, researchers can select more suitable filling material, filling material ratio, and filter material according to the relevant results, effectively solving the problems of high mining cost, low mining efficiency, and poor safety under the mine.

[0004] The present application adopts the following scheme: an experimental device for simulating filling mining method, comprising a pressure device, a generating device, and a stirring device, wherein the generating device is located below the pressure head of the pressure device, and the input end of the generating device is connected with the stirring device through a pipeline.

[0005] Further, the pressure device comprises a base and a rotatable disc arranged on the base, a vertical column is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the rotatable disc, a horizontal column is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the vertical column, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the free end of the horizontal column, a pressure head is connected with the free end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, a pressure plate is detachably connected with the pressure head, and the hydraulic cylinder is in communication with a hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipeline; the base is a cylindrical seat body made of concrete, a sink for placing a rudder is arranged in the cylindrical seat body, the sink extends from the bottom surface to the top surface of the cylindrical seat body, a passage is arranged at the bottom of the sink for the rudder drive shaft to pass through, and the free end of the rudder drive shaft is fixedly connected with the rotatable disc.

[0006] Further, the connecting end position of the horizontal column and the vertical column is provided with a triangular reinforcing rib plate, one straight angle edge of the triangular reinforcing rib plate is welded and fixed with the lower surface of the horizontal column, the other straight angle edge of the triangular reinforcing rib plate is welded and fixed with the side surface of the upper part of the vertical column, the hydraulic pipeline has two, one is a hydraulic oil output pipe, the other is a hydraulic oil return pipe, the lower part of the pressure head is provided with an annular groove, the center line of the annular groove is coincident with the center line of the pressure head, the center part of the pressure plate is provided with a counterbore corresponding to the cross section shape of the pressure head, the counterbore is provided with a transverse hole perpendicular to the center line of the counterbore, the transverse hole is provided with a clamping tongue capable of transversely and elastically moving, the clamping tongue and the bottom of the transverse hole are provided with a compression spring, the clamping tongue can extend into the annular groove, the clamping tongue is vertically connected with a push block, the push block passes through a channel above the transverse hole upward, the transverse hole and the channel are through, and the cross sections of them are T-shaped.

[0007] Further, the generating device comprises a base, the base is provided with a splash-proof groove, the base is provided with a filling accommodating groove in the splash-proof groove, a liquid outlet channel is formed on the outer periphery of the filling accommodating groove, a guide hole is formed between the side wall of the filling accommodating groove and the side wall of the splash-proof groove on the base, a measuring cylinder is arranged below the guide hole on the base, a flow guide structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the filling accommodating groove below the liquid outlet channel, the base comprises a support plate, the support plate is provided with a square pedestal, the filling accommodating groove is clamped on the square pedestal, the splash-proof groove is clamped on the support plate, and the support plate is provided with supporting legs.

[0008] Further, the filling accommodating groove is a square groove corresponding to the square pedestal, the filling accommodating groove comprises four accommodating groove plates which are sequentially connected, the horizontal cross section of the accommodating groove plate is trapezoidal, one trapezoidal waist of the accommodating groove plate is provided with an embedded block A corresponding to the side wall, the other trapezoidal waist is provided with an embedded groove A matched with the embedded block A corresponding to the side wall, the adjacent accommodating groove plates are connected through the cooperation of the embedded block A and the embedded groove A, the splash-proof groove is a square groove corresponding to the support plate, the splash-proof groove comprises four splash-proof groove plates which are sequentially connected, the horizontal cross section of the splash-proof groove plate is trapezoidal, one trapezoidal waist of the splash-proof groove plate is provided with an embedded block B corresponding to the side wall, the other trapezoidal waist is provided with an embedded groove B matched with the embedded block B corresponding to the side wall, the adjacent splash-proof groove plates are connected through the cooperation of the embedded block B and the embedded groove B, the flow guide structure is a rectangular ring with a notch, the notch is arranged corresponding to the guide hole, the rectangular ring is composed of four rectangular inclined blocks, the four rectangular inclined blocks are sequentially connected, the inclined surfaces of the four rectangular inclined blocks are sequentially connected to form a back-shaped inclined surface channel.

[0009] Further, the bottom of the rectangular inclined block is provided with a clamping block, and the support plate is provided with a matching clamping groove corresponding to the clamping block, the rectangular inclined block is laid on the support plate area between the anti-splashing groove plate and the containing groove plate through the cooperation of the clamping block and the clamping groove, the lowest part of the meandering inclined surface channel is guided to the outlet hole, the semi-circular guide pipe is installed outside the liquid outlet channel at the containing groove plate, one end of the semi-circular guide pipe is clamped outside the liquid outlet channel, and the other end is an open end communicating the area between the anti-splashing groove plate and the containing groove plate, and one of the containing groove plates is provided with an injection hole.

[0010] Further, the stirring device comprises a metal storage chamber and an open stirring chamber arranged above the metal storage chamber, a stirrer is arranged in the open stirring chamber, a rotary opening and closing type pouring layer is arranged at the communication part of the open stirring chamber and the metal storage chamber, a lifting structure is arranged at the side of the open stirring chamber, a motor support extending above the stirrer is fixed transversely at the upper part of the lifting structure, a DC motor is arranged at the end of the motor support, the output shaft of the DC motor is connected with the stirrer, so as to drive the stirrer to rotate in the open stirring chamber, the stirrer comprises a main transmission shaft and a plurality of metal pipes uniformly arranged below the main transmission shaft, a drip-proof stirring structure is arranged below each metal pipe, the drip-proof stirring structure comprises a stirring disc and a plurality of upper S-shaped stirring blades and lower S-shaped stirring blades respectively and alternately arranged at the upper and lower edges of the stirring disc, and the plurality of upper S-shaped stirring blades and lower S-shaped stirring blades are arranged alternately.

[0011] Further, the rotary opening and closing type pouring layer comprises a rotating disc and a rotating shaft arranged at the middle part of the rotating disc, a plurality of fan-shaped openings are arranged on the rotating disc, a fan-shaped baffle for closing the fan-shaped opening is arranged above each fan-shaped opening, an arc-shaped groove is arranged outside the open stirring chamber, a transmission rod penetrating through the arc-shaped groove and extending outward is arranged outside the rotating disc, a handle is arranged at the end of the transmission rod, the lifting structure comprises a fixed sleeve and a telescopic column sleeved in the fixed sleeve, a plurality of adjusting holes are vertically and spaced apart arranged on the fixed sleeve, a spring ball structure is arranged at the lower part of the telescopic column, the spring ball structure is clamped into one of the adjusting holes, so as to connect the fixed sleeve and the telescopic column, the spring ball structure comprises a spring and a ball arranged at one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is connected with the telescopic column, and a discharging port is arranged outside the metal storage chamber.

[0012] Further, the filling containing groove is matched with the pressing plate, the filling containing groove is located below the pressing plate, and the discharging port outside the metal storage chamber is connected with the injection hole on the containing groove plate through a pipeline.

[0013] A method for using an experimental device for simulating a filling mining method:

[0014] Step 1) According to the experimental requirements, preset the experimental conditions, select the appropriate filling raw material ratio; according to the preset conditions required by the experiment, assemble and pretreat the generating device; according to the preset conditions required by the experiment, pretreat the semicircular guide pipe, such as setting the water filter cloth, setting the filling retaining wall, closing, etc., so as to ensure that the device meets the experimental conditions;

[0015] Step 2) According to the preset stirring preparation scheme, the filling material is prepared according to a certain raw material ratio, the raw material is input into the open stirring chamber, the direct current motor is driven, and the anti-dripping stirring structure is driven by the direct current motor. After the stirring link is completed, the handle of the rotary opening and closing type material discharge layer is pushed to make the filling material naturally fall into the metal storage chamber through the fan-shaped opening, and the stirred filling material is stored. At the same time, the storage capacity is roughly controlled. When the material reaches a certain amount, the handle is pushed to close the rotary opening and closing type material discharge layer. When the filling material is accumulated to a certain height in the metal storage chamber, the material discharge port of the metal storage chamber is in an open state, and the filling material after stirring will flow out of the material discharge port. The filling material will automatically flow into the generating device;

[0016] Step 3) When the amount of filling material in the generating device can basically meet the preset conditions, the pressure plate is horizontally placed above the filling material in the generating device; the pressure device is rotated by rotating the rotatable disc to ensure that the pressure head is above the pressure plate and is aligned with the center of the panel embedment position; the power of the pressure device is turned on, the pre-pressure value is set through the operation panel, the device is started, the pressure head is downward, and the pressure head and the spring-loaded catch in the groove of the pressure plate form a self-locking, two parts are fixed together. The pressure panel continuously applies pressure to the filling material below due to the action of the pressure head. The filling material is shaped during the pressure application process. When the pressure reaches the preset condition, stop pressing, and wait for a period of time. The filling material will solidify;

[0017] Step 4) During the pressure application process, the liquid in the filling material may flow out through the semicircular guide pipe through the treatment of the filter cloth and other preset conditions. By this method, by changing the type of filter cloth and combining the liquid flow rate in the graduated cylinder, it can be concluded that which type of filter cloth has better water filtering property. At the same time, during the pressure application process, the filling material may not pass through this channel due to the treatment of the semicircular guide pipe with flexible retaining wall and other preset conditions, so as to simulate the support condition of the flexible retaining wall in the roadway when the filling mining method is used in the mine. The retaining wall bearing capacity can be obtained according to the pressure formula and the pressure application condition of the pressure device;

[0018] Step 5) After the filling is completely solidified, the pressure head position is reduced, at this time, since the pressure head and the pressure panel are previously fixed together, the pressure plate is lifted with the pressure head. After rising to a certain position, the pressure device is rotated to move the pressure head, the pressure plate and other components; after the filling above is no longer blocked, the filling containing groove is disassembled, and the solidified filling is taken out; the solidified filling taken out can be further subjected to other experiments, such as uniaxial compression experiment, uniaxial tension experiment and the like, so as to obtain the related properties of the filling, and facilitate workers to determine more suitable filling proportion and filling raw materials;

[0019] Step 6) After the solidified filling is taken out, the single experiment is basically completed, and the device is cleaned and reduced after the experiment is completed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: there is no related physical simulation device in the current filling mining field, which cannot provide researchers with an intuitive application scene of the filling mining method, and most of the existing experimental devices can only complete a single purpose experiment, and the device can realize multiple experimental purposes: simulating the filling condition of the filling mining method, measuring the water filtering property of the filter cloth by replacing different types of filter cloth, and detecting the strength of the flexible retaining wall. The device is convenient to carry and easy to operate, and is suitable for various use scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of a pressure device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of a base of the pressure device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of a pressure head and a pressure plate of an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a generating device of an embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a generating device of an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a generating device of an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a base of a generating device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the rectangular inclined block structure of the generating device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the semi-circular guide tube structure of the generating device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of the containing groove plate structure of the generating device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the anti-splashing groove plate structure of the generating device of the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 13 The schematic diagram of the stirring device structure of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 14 The schematic diagram of the direct current motor and the stirrer structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 15 The schematic diagram of the stirrer structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 16 The schematic diagram of the anti-dripping stirring structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 17 The schematic diagram of the open stirring chamber structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 18 The schematic diagram of the lifting structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 19 The top view of the rotary opening and closing type pouring layer of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 20 The front view of the rotary opening and closing type pouring layer of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 21 The schematic diagram of the spring ball structure of the stirring device of the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0043] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0044] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1 The embodiment provides an experimental device for simulating filling mining method, which comprises a pressure device A0, a generating device B0 and a stirring device C0, the generating device is located below the pressure head of the pressure device, and the input end of the generating device is connected with the stirring device through a pipeline.

[0046] As shown in Figures 2-4 In the embodiment, the pressure device comprises a base A1 and a rotatable disc A2 arranged on the base, a vertical column A3 is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the rotatable disc A2, a horizontal column A4 is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the vertical column A3, a hydraulic cylinder A5 is arranged at the lower part of the free end of the horizontal column A4, a pressure head A6 is connected to the free end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder A5, a pressure plate A7 is detachably connected to the pressure head A6, and the hydraulic cylinder A5 is communicated with a hydraulic pump A9 through a hydraulic pipeline A8.

[0047] The base can be a cylindrical seat body made of concrete, a sinking groove A101 for placing a steering engine A10 is arranged in the cylindrical seat body, the sinking groove extends from the bottom surface to the top surface of the cylindrical seat body, a passage A102 is arranged at the groove bottom of the sinking groove to facilitate the steering engine driving shaft to pass through, and the free end of the driving shaft of the steering engine is fixedly connected to the rotatable disc A2.

[0048] In order to increase the stability of the connection between the horizontal column A4 and the vertical column A3, a triangular reinforcing rib plate A11 is arranged at the connection position of the horizontal column and the vertical column, one straight angle side of the triangular reinforcing rib plate is fixedly welded to the lower surface of the horizontal column, and the other straight angle side of the triangular reinforcing rib plate is fixedly welded to the side surface of the upper part of the vertical column.

[0049] In order to control the extension and retraction action of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder A5, the hydraulic pipeline has two pipelines, one of which is a hydraulic oil output pipeline, and the other of which is a hydraulic oil return pipeline, when the hydraulic cylinder injects oil into the hydraulic oil output pipeline, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder A5 is elongated, and when the hydraulic cylinder injects oil into the hydraulic oil return pipeline, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder A5 is retracted.

[0050] In order to facilitate the replacement of the pressing plate A7, the lower part of the above-mentioned pressing head A6 is provided with an annular groove A601, the center line of the annular groove is coincident with the center line of the pressing head, the center part of the pressing plate A7 is provided with a counterbore A701 which is equivalent to the cross-sectional shape of the pressing head, the counterbore A701 is provided with a transverse hole A702 which is perpendicular to the center line of the counterbore, the transverse hole is provided with a latch A703 which can move horizontally, the latch A703 is provided with a compression spring A704 between the bottom of the transverse hole, the latch can extend into the annular groove A601, the latch is vertically connected with a push block A705, the push block passes through a channel A706 which is above the transverse hole, the transverse hole and the channel are through and their cross sections are T-shaped.

[0051] When installing the pressing plate A7, the operator pushes the push block A705 away from the counterbore A701, that is, the push block A705 and the latch A703 move away from the counterbore A701, then the counterbore A701 is aligned with the pressing head A6 and is sleeved, then the push block A705 is released, the latch A703 is clamped into the annular groove A601 under the pushing action of the compression spring, and the pressing plate A7 cannot be separated from the pressing head A6 due to the top action of the latch A703. When disassembling, the push block A705 and the latch A703 are moved away from the counterbore A701, so that the pressing plate A7 can be separated from the pressing head A6, thereby another pressing plate can be replaced.

[0052] The working principle of the pressure device: according to the needs of the test, the pressing plate of corresponding size (the pressing plate is a rectangle or a circle of different sizes) is installed on the pressing head, the pressing plate, the hydraulic cylinder, the horizontal column and the vertical column are rotated with the rotation of the rotatable disc, and the pressing plate is rotated to the position to be pressed. The hydraulic pump is started, the hydraulic pump delivers oil pressure to the hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline, so that the pressing plate is lowered under the action of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the pressing plate acts on the generating device (the generating device is a transparent container with the same cross-sectional shape as the pressing plate).

[0053] The pressure device has simple structure and reasonable design, which is conducive to replacing different pressing plates according to different test needs, so that different tests can be simulated and realized.

[0054] As shown in the drawings, Figures 5-12 In this embodiment, the generating device includes a base B1, the base is provided with a splash-proof groove B2, the base is provided with a filling accommodating groove B3 in the splash-proof groove, the outer periphery of the filling accommodating groove is provided with a liquid outlet channel B4, the base is provided with a guide hole B5 between the side wall of the filling accommodating groove and the side wall of the splash-proof groove, the base is provided with a measuring cylinder B6 corresponding to the guide hole, the outer periphery of the filling accommodating groove is provided with a flow guide structure below the liquid outlet channel, the liquid is guided to ensure that the liquid finally flows into the measuring cylinder, and the related data is recorded.

[0055] In the embodiment, the base comprises a support plate B7, a square pedestal B8 is arranged on the support plate, the filling accommodating groove is clamped on the square pedestal, the anti-splashing groove is clamped on the support plate, a support leg is arranged below the support plate, and the support plate and the square pedestal can be welded together, and the base is a metal base.

[0056] In the embodiment, the filling accommodating groove is a square groove arranged corresponding to the square pedestal, the filling accommodating groove comprises four sequentially butted accommodating groove plates B10, the horizontal cross section of the accommodating groove plate is trapezoidal, an embedded block A B11 is arranged on the side wall corresponding to one trapezoidal waist of the accommodating groove plate, an embedded groove A B12 matched with the embedded block A is arranged on the side wall corresponding to the other trapezoidal waist, the adjacent accommodating groove plates are connected through the cooperation of the embedded block A and the embedded groove A, can be embedded and fixed in the target position, and a certain space is surrounded with the bearing part to accommodate the injected filling.

[0057] In the embodiment, the lower part of the plate surface of the accommodating groove plate is symmetrically provided with two insertion grooves A B13, the side part of the square pedestal is provided with insertion blocks A B14 corresponding to the insertion grooves A, the upper part of the lower part of the plate surface of the accommodating groove plate is provided with a liquid outflow channel B15 between the two insertion grooves A, and the liquid outflow channel is a semicircular opening.

[0058] In the embodiment, the anti-splashing groove is a square groove arranged corresponding to the support plate, the anti-splashing groove comprises four sequentially butted anti-splashing groove plates B16, the horizontal cross section of the anti-splashing groove plate is trapezoidal, an embedded block B B17 is arranged on the side wall corresponding to one trapezoidal waist of the anti-splashing groove plate, and an embedded groove B B18 matched with the embedded block B is arranged on the side wall corresponding to the other trapezoidal waist.

[0059] In the embodiment, the lower part of the plate surface of the anti-splashing groove plate is symmetrically provided with two insertion grooves B B19, and the side part of the support plate is provided with insertion blocks B B20 corresponding to the insertion grooves B.

[0060] In the embodiment, the flow guide structure is a rectangular ring with a notch, the notch is arranged corresponding to the outlet hole, the rectangular ring is composed of four rectangular inclined blocks, the four rectangular inclined blocks B21 are sequentially butted, the inclined surfaces of the four rectangular inclined blocks are sequentially butted to form a back-shaped inclined surface channel, the main function is to guide the outflowing liquid to ensure that the liquid finally flows into the measuring cylinder, so as to facilitate the recording of relevant data, the rectangular inclined block located below the highest inclined surface is also close to the outlet hole, so the highest inclined surface is high in the middle and low on both sides, after the liquid flows to the plate, the liquid flows to both sides due to the inclination, and the other inclined blocks are all inclined blocks with one side high and the other side low.

[0061] In the embodiment, the bottom of the rectangular inclined block is provided with a clamping block B22, and the support plate is provided with a matching clamping groove B23 corresponding to the clamping block. The rectangular inclined block is laid on the area of the support plate between the anti-splashing groove plate and the containing groove plate through the cooperation of the clamping block and the clamping groove, and the lowest part of the meandering inclined surface channel guides the outlet hole.

[0062] In the embodiment, a semicircular guide pipe B24 is installed outside the liquid outflow channel of the containing groove plate. One end of the semicircular guide pipe is clamped outside the liquid outflow channel, and the other end is an open end communicating with the area between the anti-splashing groove plate and the containing groove plate. Under normal circumstances, it is in an open state, and liquid can flow out through the semicircular guide pipe. The semicircular guide pipe can be provided with a filter cloth or other materials in advance according to requirements. The semicircular guide pipe can be an arc-shaped half pipe, and the open side of the arc end of the semicircular guide pipe is fixed to the corresponding rectangular inclined block to form a complete flow channel.

[0063] In the embodiment, one of the containing groove plates is provided with an injection hole B25 for injecting the filler. Each containing groove plate, anti-splashing groove, and rectangular inclined block is made of acrylic plate.

[0064] Method for using the device:

[0065] (1) Assemble the equipment according to the preset conditions required by the experiment;

[0066] (2) The semicircular guide pipe needs to be pretreated according to the preset conditions, such as closing the inside semicircular guide pipe and adding a filter cloth;

[0067] (3) After the pretreatment of the device is completed, the filler is injected into the device through the injection hole;

[0068] (4) After the filler is injected into the filling containing groove, after a certain period of time, part of the liquid flows out through the liquid flow channel of the open semicircular guide pipe;

[0069] (5) During the filler injection process, the operator can observe and record the filler flow situation;

[0070] (6) Due to the existence of the anti-splashing groove and the rectangular inclined block, the liquid can flow according to the predetermined drainage route;

[0071] (7) The liquid is finally guided to flow out from the outlet hole through the flow guide structure, and after the liquid flows out, it enters the measuring cylinder, which serves to collect the liquid;

[0072] (8) When the injected filler meets the preset conditions required by the experiment, stop the filler injection step;

[0073] (9) After the water on the drainage plate is basically drained into the volume cylinder, the single device use is basically finished, the operator collects relevant data, and the experimental data are processed according to the principle to obtain relevant results.

[0074] The device is designed reasonably, the device can simulate the flow and final filling of the filling material in the filling mining process, can solve the uncertainty problem of the filling situation when the mining technical personnel uses the filling mining method, can observe the flow and final filling of the filling material, and can reflect the strength of the filling body, the bearing strength of the retaining wall, and the water filtering property of the water filtering material. The device can shape the filling material, so that the researchers can take out the solidified and shaped filling material and further experiment on the filling material to obtain various properties of the filling material and solve the problem that the researchers cannot determine the reasonable filling material

[0075] As shown in Figures 13-21 In the embodiment, the stirring device comprises a metal storage chamber C1 and an open stirring chamber C2 arranged above the metal storage chamber, a stirrer C3 is arranged in the open stirring chamber, and a rotary opening and closing type material pouring layer C4 is arranged at the communication position of the open stirring chamber and the metal storage chamber; during work, the material fully stirred through the open stirring chamber can enter the metal storage chamber through the rotary opening and closing type material pouring layer in the opened state, and finally flow to the next device through the discharge port of the metal storage chamber.

[0076] In the embodiment, a lifting structure C5 is arranged at the side of the open stirring chamber, a motor support C51 extending to the upper side of the stirrer is fixed transversely at the upper side of the lifting structure, a direct current motor C6 is arranged at the end of the motor support, and the output shaft of the direct current motor is connected with the stirrer to drive the stirrer to rotate in the open stirring chamber.

[0077] In the embodiment, the stirrer C3 comprises a main transmission shaft C31 and three metal pipes C32 uniformly arranged below the main transmission shaft, a drip-proof stirring structure is arranged below each metal pipe, the drip-proof stirring structure comprises a stirring disc C33 and a plurality of upper S-shaped stirring blades C34 and lower S-shaped stirring blades C35 which are arranged at the upper and lower edges of the stirring disc, respectively, and the plurality of upper S-shaped stirring blades and lower S-shaped stirring blades are arranged alternately.

[0078] The upper S-shaped stirring blades and lower S-shaped stirring blades are in a wave shape, and the outer edge of the stirring disc is also in a wave shape.

[0079] During work, the stirrer generates a vortex flow field through the rotation of the main transmission shaft and the drip-proof stirring structure, so as to realize the mixing and flow of the filling material.

[0080] In the embodiment, the rotary opening and closing type discharging layer C4 comprises a rotating disc C41 and a rotating shaft C42 arranged in the middle of the rotating disc, a plurality of sector-shaped openings C421 are arranged on the rotating disc, a sector-shaped baffle C43 is arranged above each sector-shaped opening to close the sector-shaped opening, an arc-shaped groove C21 is arranged outside the open stirring chamber, a transmission rod C44 is arranged outside the rotating disc and extends outward through the arc-shaped groove, and a rotating handle C45 is arranged at the end of the transmission rod.

[0081] In use, the rotating handle is rotated to drive the rotating disc to rotate along the rotating shaft, so that the sector-shaped openings of the rotating disc are staggered with the sector-shaped baffles, thereby facilitating the material in the open stirring chamber to enter the metal storage chamber.

[0082] In the embodiment, the lifting structure C5 comprises a fixed sleeve C52 and a telescopic column C53 arranged in the fixed sleeve, the telescopic column is fixedly connected with the motor support, a plurality of adjusting holes C521 are vertically and spacedly arranged in the fixed sleeve, and a spring ball structure C54 is arranged at the lower part of the telescopic column and is clamped into one of the adjusting holes to connect the fixed sleeve and the telescopic column.

[0083] The spring ball structure comprises a spring C541 and a ball C542 arranged at one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is connected with the telescopic column; the spring is used to provide elastic force to the ball.

[0084] When it is necessary to raise or lower the position of the stirrer, the telescopic column is moved up and down by pressing the ball to adjust the height, and after the height is confirmed, the ball is re-embedded into the adjusting hole at the position of the fixed sleeve under the elastic force of the spring to be fixed.

[0085] In the embodiment, the metal storage chamber is provided with a discharging port C11; the discharging port can be a circular hole, and its main function is to output the material in the metal storage chamber to a device in the next process.

[0086] In the embodiment, a solid cushion base C7 is arranged below the metal storage chamber; the fixed sleeve of the lifting structure is arranged on the top of the solid cushion base; after the open stirring chamber and the metal storage chamber are raised by arranging the solid cushion base, the material in the metal storage chamber can be output outward from the discharging port under the action of gravity caused by the height difference, and the operator can select a connecting pipe in advance or place a container below the circular hole to collect the filled material after stirring and prepare for further use.

[0087] Working method of the stirring device:

[0088] 1. According to the preset mixing and preparation plan, the filling material is prepared according to a certain raw material ratio. The raw material is then fed into the open mixing chamber, and the DC motor drive is turned on. The DC motor drives the anti-drip and splash mixing structure to mix.

[0089] 2. After the mixing process is complete, push the handle of the rotary opening and closing material pouring layer to allow the filling material to fall naturally through the fan-shaped opening into the metal storage chamber for storage. At the same time, the storage volume is roughly controlled. Once a certain amount of material is discharged, push the handle to close the rotary opening and closing material pouring layer.

[0090] 3. When the filler material accumulates to a certain height inside the metal storage chamber, and the outlet of the metal storage chamber is open, the stirred filler material will flow out from the outlet. In this case, the operator can choose to connect a pipe to the outlet or place a container under the round hole in advance to collect the stirred filler material and prepare for further utilization.

[0091] The mixing device features a simple and rational design, employing a double-layer structure integrating an open mixing chamber and a metal storage chamber. This effectively solves the problems of cumbersome transfer processes and space-consuming storage areas inherent in traditional mixing equipment. Furthermore, through gravity, materials can be directly fed from the open mixing chamber into the metal storage chamber, saving energy during material transfer. The device also utilizes a three-dimensional, multi-layered structure, avoiding space conflicts between different structures within the same unit. Additionally, a discharge port on one side of the metal storage chamber allows materials to automatically flow into the next unit, saving significant manpower and resources.

[0092] In this embodiment, for the sake of reasonable design, the filling and receiving groove cooperates with the pressure plate, the filling and receiving groove is located under the pressure plate, and the discharge port outside the metal storage chamber is connected to the injection hole on the receiving groove plate through a pipeline.

[0093] Instructions for use of the overall apparatus, specifically an experimental apparatus for simulating backfill mining:

[0094] Step 1) According to the experimental requirements, preset the experimental conditions and select a suitable filling material ratio; assemble and pre-treat the generating device according to the preset experimental conditions; pre-treat the semi-circular guide tube according to the preset experimental conditions, such as setting up filter cloth, setting up filling baffles, sealing, etc., so as to ensure that the device meets the experimental conditions.

[0095] Step 2) According to the preset stirring preparation scheme, the filling material is prepared according to a certain proportion of raw materials, the raw materials are input into the open stirring chamber, the DC motor drive is turned on, and the anti-dripping stirring structure is stirred under the driving of the DC motor; after the stirring link is completed, the handle of the rotary opening and closing type pouring layer is pushed to make the filling material naturally fall into the metal storage chamber through the fan-shaped opening, and the stirred filling material is stored, and the storage amount is roughly controlled; when the amount of the outflow reaches a certain amount, the handle of the rotary opening and closing type pouring layer is pushed to close; when the filling material is accumulated to a certain height in the metal storage chamber, the outflow port of the metal storage chamber is in an open state, and the filling material after stirring flows out from the outflow port, and the filling material automatically flows into the generating device;

[0096] Step 3) When the amount of the filling material in the generating device basically meets the preset condition, the pressure plate is horizontally placed above the filling material in the generating device; the pressure device is rotated to ensure that the pressure head is above the pressure plate and is aligned with the center of the panel embedment position; the power supply of the pressure device is turned on, the preset pressure value is set through the operation panel, the device is started, the pressure head is downward, the pressure head and the spring-loaded catch in the groove of the pressure plate form self-locking, and the two parts are fixed together; the pressure panel continuously applies pressure to the filling material below under the action of the pressure head, and the filling material is shaped during the pressure application process; when the pressure reaches the preset condition, the pressure application is stopped, and after a period of time, the filling material will be solidified;

[0097] Step 4) During the pressure application process, the liquid in the filling material may flow out through the semicircular guide pipe after being treated by the filter cloth and other preset conditions; by this method, by changing the type of filter cloth and combining the liquid outflow amount in the graduated cylinder, it can be concluded that which type of filter cloth has better water filtering property; at the same time, during the pressure application process, the filling material may be provided with a flexible retaining wall and other preset conditions through the semicircular guide pipe, so that no material passes through this channel, thereby simulating the support condition of the flexible retaining wall in the roadway when the filling mining method is used in the mine, and the retaining wall bearing capacity can be obtained according to the pressure formula and the pressure application condition of the pressure device;

[0098] Step 5) After the filling material is completely solidified, the position of the pressure head is restored, at this time, since the pressure head and the pressure plate are previously fixed together, the pressure plate is lifted with the pressure head. After rising to a certain position, the pressure device is rotated to move the pressure head, the pressure plate and other components; after the filling material above is free of obstacles, the filling containing groove is disassembled, and the solidified filling material is taken out; the taken-out solidified filling material can be further subjected to other experiments, such as uniaxial compression test, uniaxial tension test and the like, to obtain the related properties of the filling material, so as to facilitate the staff to determine more suitable filling material proportion and filling material raw materials;

[0099] Step 6) After the solidified filling is taken out, the single experiment is basically completed, and the device is cleaned and restored after the experiment is completed.

[0100] Any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present application above, if it discloses a numerical range, the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range, and any person skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is only one of the many implementable numerical values with more obvious technical effects or representative. Because there are too many values, it is impossible to enumerate them, so the present application discloses some values to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and the above-mentioned enumerated values should not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0101] If the words "first", "second", etc. are used to limit the parts in this paper, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first", "second" is only for the convenience of describing the parts and distinguishing them. If there is no further declaration, the above words have no special meaning.

[0102] If the present application discloses or involves parts or structural members that are fixedly connected to each other, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as being able to be disassembled and fixedly connected (for example, connected by bolts or screws), or as being understood as being fixedly connected and not being disassembled (for example, riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integral structure (for example, manufactured by integral forming process) (except for obvious cases that cannot be used integral forming process).

[0103] In addition, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the above-mentioned any technical solution disclosed in the present application for indicating the position relationship, such as "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. The orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present patent, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present patent, and the term used to indicate the shape in the above-mentioned any technical solution disclosed in the present application includes shapes similar, similar or close to the shape unless otherwise stated.

[0104] Any of the components provided by the present application can be assembled from a plurality of individual components, or can be a single component manufactured by integral forming process.

[0105] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalent ones; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present application, all of which should be covered in the technical solution range of the present application claimed by the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating backfilling mining, characterized in that, It includes a pressure device, a generating device, and a stirring device. The generating device is located under the pressure head of the pressure device, and the input end of the generating device is connected to the stirring device via a pipeline. The pressure device includes a base and a rotatable disc mounted on the base. A column is vertically mounted on the upper surface of the rotatable disc, and a horizontal column is mounted on the upper end of the column. A hydraulic cylinder is mounted at the lower part of the free end of the horizontal column. A pressure head is connected to the free end of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder. A pressure plate is detachably connected to the pressure head. The hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump through a hydraulic pipeline. The base is a cylindrical seat made of concrete. A groove for placing a servo motor is provided inside the cylindrical seat. The groove extends from the bottom surface to the top surface of the cylindrical seat. A channel is provided at the bottom of the groove to facilitate the passage of the servo motor drive shaft. The free end of the servo motor drive shaft is fixedly connected to the rotatable disc. The generating device includes a base, on which an anti-splash groove is provided, and a filling receiving groove is provided inside the anti-splash groove on the base. A liquid outflow channel is provided on the outer periphery of the filling receiving groove. An outlet hole is provided on the base between the side wall of the filling receiving groove and the side wall of the anti-splash groove. A measuring cylinder is provided under the base corresponding to the outlet hole. A flow guiding structure is provided on the outer periphery of the filling receiving groove below the liquid outflow channel. The base includes a support plate, on which a square pedestal is provided. The filling receiving groove is fixed to the square pedestal, and the anti-splash groove is fixed to the support plate. A support foot is provided under the support plate. The filling and receiving groove is a square groove corresponding to the square base. The filling and receiving groove includes four sequentially joined receiving groove plates. The horizontal cross-section of each receiving groove plate is trapezoidal. An embedding block A is provided on the side wall corresponding to one trapezoidal waist of the receiving groove plate, and an embedding groove A that mates with the embedding block A is provided on the side wall corresponding to the other trapezoidal waist. Adjacent receiving groove plates are connected by the mating of the embedding block A and the embedding groove A. The splash-proof groove is a square groove corresponding to the support plate. The splash-proof groove includes four sequentially joined splash-proof grooves. The splash guard plate has a trapezoidal horizontal cross-section. An embedded block B is provided on the side wall corresponding to one trapezoidal waist of the splash guard plate, and an embedded groove B that cooperates with the embedded block B is provided on the side wall corresponding to the other trapezoidal waist. Adjacent splash guard plates are connected by the cooperation of the embedded block B and the embedded groove B. The flow guiding structure is a rectangular ring with a notch, and the notch is set with an outlet hole. The rectangular ring is composed of four rectangular inclined blocks, which are connected in sequence. The inclined surfaces of the four rectangular inclined blocks are connected in sequence to form a loop-shaped inclined channel.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A triangular reinforcing rib is provided at the connection end of the horizontal column and the vertical column. One right-angle side of the triangular reinforcing rib is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the horizontal column, and the other right-angle side of the triangular reinforcing rib is welded and fixed to the upper side surface of the vertical column. The hydraulic pipeline has two pipes, one of which is a hydraulic oil output pipe and the other is a hydraulic oil return pipe. The lower part of the pressure head is provided with an annular groove, and the center line of the annular groove coincides with the center line of the pressure head. The center of the pressure plate is provided with a countersunk hole with a cross-sectional shape similar to that of the pressure head. A horizontal hole perpendicular to the center line of the countersunk hole is provided in the countersunk hole. A latch that can move laterally is provided in the horizontal hole. A compression spring is provided between the latch and the bottom of the horizontal hole. The latch can extend into the annular groove. A lever is vertically connected to the latch. The lever extends upward through a channel located above the horizontal hole. The horizontal hole and the channel are interconnected, and their cross-section is T-shaped.

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the rectangular inclined block is provided with a locking block, and the support plate is provided with a corresponding locking groove. The rectangular inclined block is laid on the support plate area between the anti-splash trough plate and the receiving trough plate through the cooperation of the locking block and the locking groove. The lowest point of the U-shaped inclined channel is guided by an outlet hole. A semi-circular guide tube is installed outside the receiving trough plate at the liquid outflow channel. One end of the semi-circular guide tube is locked outside the liquid outflow channel, and the other end is an open end that connects to the area between the anti-splash trough plate and the receiving trough plate. One of the receiving trough plates is provided with an injection hole.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mixing device includes a metal storage chamber and an open mixing chamber located above the metal storage chamber. An agitator is installed inside the open mixing chamber. A rotating, opening and closing material pouring layer is provided at the connection between the open mixing chamber and the metal storage chamber. A lifting structure is provided on the side of the open mixing chamber. A motor bracket extending to the top of the lifting structure is horizontally fixed to the upper part of the lifting structure. A DC motor is installed at the end of the motor bracket, and the output shaft of the DC motor is connected to the agitator to drive the agitator to rotate within the open mixing chamber. The agitator includes a main drive shaft and multiple metal tubes evenly arranged below the main drive shaft. An anti-drip mixing structure is provided below each metal tube. The anti-drip mixing structure includes a mixing disc and multiple upper and lower S-shaped mixing blades spaced apart at the upper and lower edges of the mixing disc, with the upper and lower S-shaped mixing blades arranged alternately.

5. The experimental apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary opening and closing material pouring layer includes a turntable and a rotating shaft located in the center of the turntable. The turntable has multiple fan-shaped openings, and a fan-shaped baffle is provided above each fan-shaped opening to close it. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the outer side of the open mixing chamber. A transmission rod is provided on the outer side of the turntable, passing through the arc-shaped groove and extending outward. A handle is provided at the end of the transmission rod. The lifting structure includes a fixed sleeve and a telescopic column fitted inside the fixed sleeve. The fixed sleeve has multiple adjustment holes spaced vertically. A spring ball structure is provided at the lower part of the telescopic column. The spring ball structure is inserted into one of the adjustment holes to connect the fixed sleeve and the telescopic column. The spring ball structure includes a spring and a ball located at one end of the spring. The other end of the spring is connected to the telescopic column. A discharge port is provided on the outside of the metal storage chamber.

6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filling and receiving tank cooperates with the pressure plate, and the filling and receiving tank is located under the pressure plate. The discharge port outside the metal storage room is connected to the injection hole on the receiving tank plate through a pipeline.

7. A method of using an experimental apparatus for simulating backfilling mining, comprising the experimental apparatus for simulating backfilling mining as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step 1) According to the experimental requirements, preset the experimental conditions and select a suitable filling material ratio; assemble and pre-treat the generating device according to the preset experimental conditions; pre-treat the semi-circular guide tube according to the preset experimental conditions: set up filter cloth, set up filling baffle wall, and close the channel to ensure that the device meets the experimental conditions. Step 2) According to the preset mixing and preparation plan, the filling material is prepared according to a certain raw material ratio. The raw materials are input into the open mixing chamber, and the DC motor is turned on. The DC motor drives the anti-drip and splash mixing structure to mix. After the mixing is completed, the handle of the rotating opening and closing material pouring layer is pushed, so that the filling material falls naturally into the metal storage chamber through the fan-shaped opening to store the mixed filling material. At the same time, the storage amount is roughly controlled. After the discharge reaches a certain amount, the handle is pushed to close the rotating opening and closing material pouring layer. When the filling material accumulates to a certain height inside the metal storage chamber, with the discharge port of the metal storage chamber open, the mixed filling material will flow out from the discharge port and automatically flow into the generating device. Step 3) When the amount of filling material in the generating device is sufficient to meet the preset conditions, place the pressure plate horizontally above the filling material in the generating device; rotate the pressure device by rotating the rotatable disc to ensure that the pressure head is directly above the pressure plate and aligned with the center of the panel's embedding position; turn on the power of the pressure device, set the preset pressure value through the operation panel, turn on the device, with the pressure head facing downwards, and the pressure head and the spring-loaded latch in the groove of the pressure plate form a self-locking mechanism, fixing the two parts together; due to the action of the pressure head, the pressure panel continuously applies pressure to the filling material below, and during the pressure application process, the filling material is shaped due to the surrounding resistance; when the pressure reaches the preset condition, stop pressurizing and wait for a period of time for the filling material to solidify; Step 4) During the pressurization process, the liquid in the filling material may flow out through the semi-circular guide pipe after being treated by the filter cloth in the preset conditions. By changing the type of filter cloth and combining it with the liquid outflow in the measuring cylinder, a comprehensive analysis can be conducted to determine which type of filter cloth has better filtration performance. At the same time, during the pressurization process, the filling material may not pass through this channel because the semi-circular guide pipe has been treated with the flexible retaining wall in the preset conditions. This simulates the support situation of the flexible retaining wall in the roadway when the filling mining method is used in the mine. The bearing capacity of the retaining wall can be obtained according to the pressure formula and the pressure of the pressure device. Step 5) After the filling material has completely solidified, return the pressure head to its original position. At this point, since the pressure head and pressure panel were previously fixed together, the pressure plate will be lifted along with the pressure head. Once the filling material is raised to a certain position, the pressure device is rotated, and the pressure head and pressure plate are moved. After the filling material is unobstructed, the filling container is disassembled, and the solidified filling material is taken out. The solidified filling material is then subjected to uniaxial compressive strength test and uniaxial tensile strength test to obtain relevant properties of this filling material, which will help staff determine a more suitable filling material ratio and filling material raw materials. Step 6) After the solidified filling material is removed, the single experiment is basically completed. After the experiment is completed, the device is cleaned and restored.

Images