Transmission system and method of multi-sensor landslide monitoring data based on transparent transmission technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system and method based on transparent transmission technology. The system comprises: multiple sensors, an RTU, and a data platform center. The sensors are used to collect regional landslide rainfall and depth displacement data. The RTU is used to receive the data collected by the sensors, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signals via transparent transmission technology. The data platform center is used to receive the transparently transmitted signals, demodulate and decode the received signals, and restore the original sensor data. By improving the landslide monitoring system, the present invention provides a more efficient, reliable, and secure data transmission and processing method, thereby improving the effectiveness and accuracy of landslide monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of landslide monitoring and wireless data transmission, and in particular relates to a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system and method based on transparent transmission technology. Background Art

[0002] The data transmission methods used for landslide monitoring can be divided into the following three types:

[0003] (1) Wired transmission. Wired transmission is a common method of data transmission for landslide monitoring. Sensors are connected to a data acquisition unit or monitoring station via a wired connection (e.g., cable), and data is transmitted via the cable. Wired transmission is generally reliable and stable, with high data transmission quality and rate. However, wired connections are susceptible to damage, may require wiring, and may increase installation and maintenance costs.

[0004] (2) Wireless transmission. Wireless transmission is a common data transmission method for landslide monitoring, which transmits sensor data to the receiving device via wireless signals. Wireless transmission can use different wireless communication technologies, such as wireless local area network (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, or wireless sensor network (WSN). It has flexibility and convenience, overcoming the wiring limitations of wired transmission. However, wireless transmission may be affected by signal interference, transmission distance limitations, battery life, and data security.

[0005] (3) Transparent transmission technology: Transparent transmission technology is a method of transmitting signals through underground or obstacles. In landslide monitoring, transparent transmission technology transmits data from sensors to receiving devices by transmitting signals through underground cables or underground obstacles. Transparent transmission technology uses underground conduction paths to achieve data transmission, overcoming the problems of signal interference and transmission distance limitations in wireless transmission. It can provide stable and reliable data transmission with low signal attenuation and high data transmission quality. The application of transparent transmission technology can use underground cables or transmit signals through underground media (such as soil or rock) to adapt to different monitoring environments and transmission distances.

[0006] The selection of an appropriate transmission method should comprehensively consider factors such as the monitoring environment, transmission distance, data requirements, and cost-effectiveness. The multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission method based on transparent transmission technology provides a reliable, efficient, and adaptable data transmission solution for landslide monitoring by utilizing transparent transmission technology to achieve wireless transmission.

[0007] In the field of landslide monitoring, traditional methods typically involve using wired connections or wireless transmission to transmit sensor data. However, these traditional methods have several problems and limitations, including the following:

[0008] 1. Wired connections are vulnerable to damage: Traditionally, sensors are connected to data acquisition units or monitoring stations via wires. However, wired connections can be easily damaged by external environmental factors or human damage, leading to interruptions or loss of data transmission.

[0009] 2. Signal interference in wireless transmission: Data transmission using wireless transmission may be affected by signal interference. In complex geographical environments, such as mountainous or forested areas, signal transmission may be obstructed or weakened, affecting the reliability and integrity of data.

[0010] 3. Transmission distance limitation: Traditional wireless transmission methods are often limited in transmission distance. Sensor data can only be transmitted within a limited range. When the distance between the monitoring station and the sensor is too far, data transmission may be difficult.

[0011] To address these challenges and limitations, a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission method based on transparent transmission technology offers significant market potential. Transparent transmission technology can transmit signals through underground or obstructed paths, overcoming the signal interference and distance limitations of traditional wireless transmission. It also eliminates the need for traditional wired connections, reducing the risk of data interruption due to cable damage. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system and method based on transparent transmission technology, which realizes wireless transmission through transparent transmission technology and improves the effect and accuracy of landslide monitoring.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0014] The multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology includes:

[0015] Multiple sensors, RTUs, and data platform centers;

[0016] The sensor is used to collect regional landslide rainfall and depth displacement data;

[0017] The RTU is used to receive the data collected by the sensor, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signal through transparent transmission technology;

[0018] The data platform center is used to receive the transparently transmitted signal, and demodulate and decode the received signal to restore the original sensor data.

[0019] Preferably, the sensors include: an inclinometer and a rain gauge;

[0020] The inclinometer is used to collect depth displacement data; the rain gauge is used to collect regional landslide rainfall.

[0021] Preferably, the RTU includes: a data collection unit, a data coding and modulation processing unit, and a transparent transmission unit;

[0022] The acquisition unit is used to receive data collected by the sensor;

[0023] The data encoding and modulation processing unit is used to encode and modulate the collected sensor data;

[0024] The transparent transmission unit is used to transmit the data signal after coding and modulation through the transparent transmission technology.

[0025] Preferably, the data coding and modulation processing unit includes: a data coding subunit and a modulation processing subunit;

[0026] The modulation processing subunit is used to filter the digital signal in the sensor data, adjust the sampling rate and perform data processing algorithms;

[0027] The data encoding subunit is used to convert the modulated digital signal into a binary bit sequence using binary coding.

[0028] Preferably, the data platform center includes: a signal receiving unit and a demodulation and decoding processing unit;

[0029] The signal receiving unit is used to receive a transparently transmitted signal via the TCP protocol;

[0030] The demodulation and decoding processing unit is used to demodulate and decode the received signal according to the Modbus protocol to restore the original sensor data.

[0031] Preferably, the demodulation and decoding processing unit includes: a demodulation processing subunit and a decoding processing subunit;

[0032] The demodulation processing subunit is used to extract a Modbus data frame from a received signal according to the Modbus protocol specification, and demodulate the digital signal in the Modbus data frame according to the modulation method specified by the Modbus protocol to restore the digital signal to an analog signal;

[0033] The decoding processing subunit is used to extract the data content portion in the Modbus data frame from the demodulated analog signal, and decode the data content portion according to the Modbus protocol specification and data format to restore the actual sensor data.

[0034] Preferably, the data platform center further comprises: a data processing and storage unit;

[0035] The data processing and storage unit is used to further process, analyze and store the decoded sensor data;

[0036] The data processing and analysis include data filtering, time series analysis and anomaly detection.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for transmitting multi-sensor landslide monitoring data based on transparent transmission technology, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Collect regional landslide rainfall, depth and displacement data;

[0039] Receive the data collected by the sensor, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signal through transparent transmission technology;

[0040] Receive the transparently transmitted signal, demodulate and decode the received signal to restore the original sensor data.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] Convenient centralized management: Multiple 485 sensors can be centralized on one device to conveniently view and process data from multiple inclinometers.

[0043] Simplified wiring: If each inclinometer is connected individually to the host computer or monitoring system, it will result in a lot of wiring work. However, connecting multiple inclinometers to the RTU only requires a single 485 bus connection, which greatly simplifies the wiring work and reduces system complexity.

[0044] Cost savings: Using RTUs for parallel connection can save hardware costs. If each inclinometer requires a separate communication interface, the cost will increase significantly. By using a single RTU to manage multiple inclinometers, hardware costs can be reduced.

[0045] Improve system stability: As an intermediate device, the RTU can cache and process data. This allows the RTU to continue collecting data even if the host computer or monitoring system fails or communication is interrupted, and transmit the data to the host computer after communication is restored, thereby improving system stability.

[0046] In summary, connecting multiple inclinometers to RTUs can achieve centralized monitoring and management, simplify wiring, save costs, improve system stability, and support remote control, making data collection and monitoring more efficient and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 This is an overall framework diagram of a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a layout and wiring diagram of each sensor in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Transparent transmission is a data communication technology that allows data packets or frames to be transmitted transparently between source and destination nodes. This means that the data packets are not modified or analyzed during transmission. This eliminates the need for upper-layer applications to worry about the specific implementation details of data transmission, allowing them to focus on data collection and processing.

[0054] Advantages: 1. Simplicity and reliability: Transparent transmission technology simplifies the data transmission process because it does not involve data parsing or conversion. This reduces the risk of data transmission errors.

[0055] 2. Real-time performance: Since the data transmission process eliminates unnecessary data processing steps, transparent transmission can usually achieve lower latency, making it more suitable for real-time applications.

[0056] 3. Flexibility and scalability: Transparent transmission technology is usually independent of hardware and software platforms, making it easy to expand and integrate into different systems and applications.

[0057] 4. Cost-effectiveness: Eliminating the need for data parsing and conversion generally reduces the overall cost of the system.

[0058] 5. Compatibility: Transparent transmission technology is often easier to integrate with existing systems and standards because it does not require specific data formats or protocols.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology, comprising:

[0060] Multiple sensors, RTUs, and data platform centers;

[0061] The sensors are used to collect regional landslide rainfall and depth displacement data;

[0062] RTU is used to receive data collected by sensors, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signals through transparent transmission technology;

[0063] The data platform center is used to receive transparently transmitted signals, demodulate and decode the received signals, and restore the original sensor data.

[0064] In the landslide system, multiple sensors need to be arranged in the monitoring area to collect key area landslide rainfall, depth displacement data, etc. The number and type of sensors depend on the specific monitoring needs. For example, Pei Junrui et al. (2023) used a new type of non-contact wireless crack meter combined with GNSS to monitor the Huangguaqing landslide in Yunnan, successfully predicted the landslide disaster, and avoided property losses. The present invention is aimed at the data transmission method of the fixed pulley inclinometer and the rain gauge. The layout wiring diagram of each sensor is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0065] In this embodiment, the sensors include an inclinometer and a rain gauge. The present invention is the first to connect four fixed inclinometers in series, and connect them and the rain gauge to the same RTU, which facilitates subsequent data collection and maintenance.

[0066] Among them, the inclinometer is used to collect depth displacement data; the rain gauge is used to collect regional landslide rainfall.

[0067] In this embodiment, the RTU includes: a data collection unit, a data coding and modulation processing unit, and a transparent transmission unit;

[0068] The acquisition unit is used to receive data collected by the sensor;

[0069] The data coding and modulation processing unit encodes and modulates the collected sensor data. Specifically, the encoding process uses Huffman coding, which effectively compresses data and reduces the required transmission bandwidth. The modulation process uses QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) technology, which can efficiently transmit large amounts of data within a limited frequency band while also providing excellent interference resistance.

[0070] The transparent transmission unit is used to transmit the data signal after coding and modulation through transparent transmission technology.

[0071] Specifically, sensor data collection: RTU is connected to the sensor and is responsible for receiving the data collected by the sensor.

[0072] Data encoding and modulation: The RTU encodes and modulates collected sensor data to ensure data integrity and reliability. For example, when collecting data from an inclinometer, the digital output signal needs to be processed and encoded to meet transmission and storage requirements. This processing includes signal filtering, sampling rate adjustment, and data processing algorithms. Binary encoding is typically used, converting the digital signal into a binary bit sequence to represent the inclinometer's tilt angle or change. For example, a fixed-length binary code can be used to represent different ranges or accuracies of tilt angles. When FSK modulation is used, the RTU converts the digital signal into a corresponding frequency signal. When the digital signal is "0," the RTU transmits a predetermined frequency signal representing "0"; when the digital signal is "1," the RTU transmits another predetermined frequency signal representing "1." By switching between different frequencies, the digital signal is modulated into an analog signal. Data processing algorithms include, for example, Kalman filtering. Application scenarios: Kalman filtering is primarily used for state estimation in dynamic systems and is suitable for noisy inclinometer data. How to improve accuracy: By building a mathematical model to predict the state at the next moment, and using actual observations to correct this prediction, a more accurate displacement or tilt value can be obtained. Mathematical expression:

[0073] X k+1 =A*X k +B*U k +W k (1)

[0074] Z k =H*X k +V k (2)

[0075] Among them, X k and X k+1are the state vectors of the system at time k and k+1 respectively; A is the state transition matrix, which describes how to change from X k Estimate X k+1 ; B is the control input matrix, which describes the control input U k How to affect the status; U k is the control input vector at time k; W k Process noise, usually assumed to conform to Gaussian distribution; Z k The observation at time k (i.e., the data measured by the sensor); H observation matrix, which describes how the state generates the observation; V k Observation noise is usually assumed to be Gaussian distributed.

[0076] Transparent transmission: Data signals that have undergone coding and modulation are transmitted using transparent transmission technology. Transparent transmission technology utilizes the conductive properties of underground or obstructed areas to transmit data signals to the data platform center.

[0077] In this embodiment, the data platform center includes: a signal receiving unit and a demodulation and decoding processing unit;

[0078] The signal receiving unit is used to receive the transparently transmitted signal through the TCP protocol;

[0079] The demodulation and decoding processing unit is used to demodulate and decode the received signal according to the Modbus protocol to restore the original sensor data.

[0080] The present invention uses both TCP and Modbus protocols for data transmission and communication. TCP, due to its high reliability, data integrity, and effective congestion control mechanisms, is particularly well-suited for landslide monitoring systems that require accurate and reliable data transmission. Modbus, on the other hand, is an ideal choice for this system due to its simplicity, flexibility, and widespread acceptance in industrial applications. Modbus also supports multiple data types, which is particularly important for receiving and processing data from different sensor types, such as inclinometers and rain gauges.

[0081] Specifically, signal reception: the data platform center receives signals from transparent transmission through the TCP protocol.

[0082] Demodulation and decoding processing: The data platform center demodulates and decodes the received signal according to the Modbus protocol to restore the original sensor data.

[0083] The demodulation process primarily involves: 1. Receiving a Modbus protocol-encapsulated signal. 2. Decapsulation: Extracting the Modbus data frame from the received signal according to the Modbus protocol specification. A data frame typically includes fields such as the device address, function code, data length, data content, and checksum. 3. Demodulation: Demodulating the digital signal in the data frame according to the Modbus protocol's modulation scheme, such as FSK, to convert it back to an analog signal.

[0084] The decoding process primarily involves: 1. Data parsing: Extracting the data content of the Modbus data frame from the demodulated analog signal. This includes relevant inclinometer data, such as tilt angle or change. 2. Decoding: Decoding the data content according to the Modbus protocol specifications and data format to restore the actual inclinometer data. 3. Data processing and storage: The decoded inclinometer data can be further processed and stored, such as for data analysis, report generation, or integration with other systems.

[0085] In this embodiment, data processing and storage: The data platform can perform further data processing, analysis, and storage to meet the needs of landslide monitoring. This includes data filtering (pre-processing data, smoothing data using filtering algorithms), time series analysis, anomaly detection, and other processing steps. This provides data support for subsequent landslide prediction and early warning.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] The present invention also provides a method for transmitting multi-sensor landslide monitoring data based on transparent transmission technology, comprising the following steps:

[0088] Collect regional landslide rainfall, depth and displacement data;

[0089] Receive the data collected by the sensor, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signal through transparent transmission technology;

[0090] Receive the transparently transmitted signal, demodulate and decode the received signal to restore the original sensor data.

[0091] In this embodiment, the data transmission process includes:

[0092] Sensor data collection: Inclinometers collect displacement data, and rain gauges collect regional precipitation data.

[0093] Data encoding and modulation: The RTU encodes and modulates the collected displacement data and rainfall data.

[0094] Transparent transmission: The data after coding and modulation is transmitted to the receiving end (data platform center) through transparent transmission technology.

[0095] Signal reception: The receiving end receives the transparently transmitted signal.

[0096] Demodulation and decoding: The receiving end demodulates and decodes the received signal to restore the original sensor data.

[0097] Data processing and storage: The receiving end processes, analyzes and stores the data.

[0098] Through transparent transmission technology, remote data acquisition terminals (RTUs) collaborate with data platform centers to reliably transmit sensor data through underground or obstructed paths, enabling real-time, reliable transmission of multi-sensor data. This method overcomes the signal interference and distance limitations of traditional wireless transmission, providing a reliable and efficient data transmission solution for landslide monitoring.

[0099] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology is characterized by: include: Multiple sensors, RTUs, and data platform centers; The sensors include: an inclinometer and a rain gauge; The inclinometer is used to collect depth displacement data; the rain gauge is used to collect regional landslide rainfall; multiple inclinometers are connected in series and connected to the same RTU together with the rain gauge; The RTU includes: an acquisition unit, a data coding and modulation processing unit, and a transparent transmission unit; The acquisition unit is used to receive data collected by the sensor; The data encoding and modulation processing unit is used to encode and modulate the collected sensor data; The transparent transmission unit is used to transmit the data signal after coding and modulation through the transparent transmission technology; The data platform center includes: a signal receiving unit and a demodulation and decoding processing unit; The signal receiving unit is used to receive a transparently transmitted signal via the TCP protocol; The demodulation and decoding processing unit is used to demodulate and decode the received signal according to the Modbus protocol to restore the original sensor data.

2. The multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data coding and modulation processing unit includes: a data coding subunit and a modulation processing subunit; The modulation processing subunit is used to filter the digital signal in the sensor data, adjust the sampling rate and perform data processing algorithms; The data encoding subunit is used to convert the modulated digital signal into a binary bit sequence using binary coding.

3. The multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The demodulation and decoding processing unit includes: a demodulation processing subunit and a decoding processing subunit; The demodulation processing subunit is used to extract a Modbus data frame from a received signal according to the Modbus protocol specification, and demodulate the digital signal in the Modbus data frame according to the modulation method specified by the Modbus protocol to restore the digital signal to an analog signal; The decoding processing subunit is used to extract the data content portion in the Modbus data frame from the demodulated analog signal, and decode the data content portion according to the Modbus protocol specification and data format to restore the actual sensor data.

4. The multi-sensor landslide monitoring data transmission system based on transparent transmission technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data platform center also includes: a data processing and storage unit; The data processing and storage unit is used to further process, analyze and store the decoded sensor data; The data processing and analysis include data filtering, time series analysis and anomaly detection.

5. A method for transmitting multi-sensor landslide monitoring data based on transparent transmission technology, wherein the method is implemented by the system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect regional landslide rainfall, depth and displacement data; Receive the data collected by the sensor, encode and modulate the data, and transmit the encoded and modulated data signal through transparent transmission technology; Receive the transparently transmitted signal, demodulate and decode the received signal to restore the original sensor data.

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