Basalt fiber composite process, composite panel and runway

Abstract

The application provides a basalt fiber composite process, a composite board and a composite runway, wherein the composite board has a bending strength of greater than or equal to 5 MPa, a compressive strength of greater than or equal to 30 MPa, and an elastic modulus of greater than or equal to 36000 MPa, is quickly paved and has good flatness, can be quickly assembled and paved after ramming soil, and can be used as an emergency landing runway of an airplane to perform emergency strategy and rescue tasks; and the runway board has light weight, small size limitation and good transfer mobility. The application solves the technical problems of insufficient mobility and insufficient flatness of the existing airplane runway.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite boards and runways, in particular to a basalt fiber composite process, a composite board and a runway. BACKGROUND

[0002] An aircraft runway is usually a fixed building paved by high-strength cement concrete, and has a long construction period. Once damaged or destroyed, the aircraft runway will cause the aircraft to be unable to take off and land normally. In some emergency combat and rescue situations, a temporary aircraft runway with good mobility and rapid paving is also needed.

[0003] Basalt fiber is a continuous fiber drawn from natural basalt, and is a new type of inorganic, environmentally friendly and high-performance fiber material composed of oxides such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide and titanium dioxide. The basalt fiber has good corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties, and the composite material prepared therefrom has the characteristics of light weight and high strength. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a basalt fiber composite process, a basalt fiber composite board and an aircraft runway made of the basalt fiber composite board. The aircraft runway made of the process and the composite board has the advantages of light weight, rapid paving, good flatness and easy recycling, and solves the technical problems of insufficient mobility and flatness of the existing aircraft runway.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The basalt fiber composite process provided by the present application comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, surface treatment is performed on a forming mold and a basalt fiber fabric;

[0008] S2, the basalt fiber fabric is laid on the forming mold layer by layer, and a core material is filled between the fibers to form a multilayer fiber assembly;

[0009] S3, a release cloth and a flow guide net are laid on the multilayer fiber assembly in sequence, and a resin guide pipe is arranged on the flow guide net; a pressure-sensitive sealing adhesive tape is attached to the edge of the forming mold; a vacuum bag is laid to combine the forming mold and the vacuum bag into a closed cavity, and the multilayer fiber assembly, the release cloth, the flow guide net and the resin guide pipe are sealed between the vacuum bag and the forming mold;

[0010] S4, air between the multilayer fiber assembly is extracted to form a negative pressure inside;

[0011] S5, a resin and an additive are configured into a solid connection solvent, the solid connection solvent is introduced into a pouring, and the solid connection solvent is used to impregnate the multilayer fiber assembly while flowing and filling the mold to form a basalt fiber preform.

[0012] S6, heating and curing;

[0013] S7, demolding and trimming, to obtain the basalt fiber composite product.

[0014] Optionally or preferably, when the surface of the forming mold is treated, the surface of the forming mold is cleaned, the forming surface is polished with sandpaper, the mold surface is cleaned and coated with a release agent; when the surface of the basalt fiber fabric is treated, the basalt fiber fabric is cleaned, the basalt fiber fabric is immersed in a coupling agent for 1.5 hours, and the soaked basalt fiber fabric is taken out and dried.

[0015] Optionally or preferably, when the basalt fiber fabric is laid, every two basalt fiber fabrics are orthogonally overlapped, the laying angle is mainly orthogonal overlap at 0° and 90°, and a small amount of orthogonal overlap at 45° and 135° is interposed.

[0016] Optionally or preferably, in step S2, the core material is one or more of foam, wood, glass, and metal, and in the laying process, the core material is bonded to the basalt fiber fabric by using acrylate.

[0017] Optionally or preferably, the resin is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, cyanate ester resin, and vinyl ester resin; the auxiliary agent is a mixed solution including polyurethane solution, resorcinol solution, potassium peroxide ketone solution, and cobalt isooctanoate styrene solution; and the content of the auxiliary agent is 0.9%-1.2% of the solid solvent.

[0018] Optionally or preferably, the curing temperature is 165-185℃, and the heating and curing time is 40-120min.

[0019] In the initial stage of hot-pressing and curing, the internal pressure is kept constant and does not exceed 2MPa; when the resin begins to gel, the pressure is gradually increased until the pressure reaches 5.8-8MPa; when the crosslinking is completed, the pressure is first released to normal pressure, and then the temperature is lowered. The experiment shows that the mechanical strength can be further improved by first releasing the pressure and then lowering the temperature.

[0020] The application also provides a basalt fiber composite board prepared by the above basalt fiber composite process, wherein the diameter of the basalt fiber is not greater than 8μm; the upper surface of the basalt fiber plate is provided with an anti-skid layer; the number of layers of the basalt fiber fabric is 40-70 layers; and the mass content of the resin is 30-55%. Further, the anti-skid layer is formed by spraying resin mortar, and the anti-skid material is selected from diamond sand.

[0021] The basalt fiber composite runway is composed of the plurality of basalt fiber composite plates.

[0022] Optionally or preferably, the first head plate and the second head plate are both circular plates with a diameter of not less than 50 mm; the diameter of the screw rod is not less than 15 mm, and the length of the screw rod is not greater than 20 mm.

[0023] Based on the above technical solution, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0024] The basalt fiber composite process, the composite plate and the runway provided by the application have the advantages that the composite plate has a bending strength of not less than 5 MPa, a compressive strength of not less than 30 MPa and an elastic modulus of not less than 36000 MPa, the runway can be quickly laid and has good flatness, the runway can be quickly assembled and laid after the soil is rammed, the runway can be used as an emergency landing runway of an airplane to perform emergency strategies and rescue tasks, the runway plate has light weight, has small size limitation and has good transfer mobility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The process flow diagram of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 The pouring and laying schematic diagram of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the basalt fiber composite plate of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the plate body connecting bolt of the application;

[0030] In the figure, the reference signs are: 1-molding die, 2-multilayer fiber assembly, 3-release cloth, 4-flow guide net, 5-resin guide pipe, 6-vacuum connection pipe, 7-vacuum bag, 8-pressure sensitive sealing adhesive strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment,

[0034] As Figure 1 shown:

[0035] The basalt fiber composite process provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, surface treatment is performed on the molding die and the basalt fiber fabric;

[0037] Specifically, when surface treatment is performed on the molding die, the following steps are included: removing sundries on the upper surface of the molding die, polishing the molding surface with sandpaper, cleaning the upper surface of the die and coating a release agent; the flatness of the die itself is controlled to be within 2 mm, so that the flatness of the plate body can be controlled to be about ±3 mm;

[0038] When surface treatment is performed on the basalt fiber fabric, the following steps are included: cleaning the basalt fiber fabric, immersing the basalt fiber fabric in a coupling agent for 1.5 hours, taking out the soaked basalt fiber fabric and drying it.

[0039] S2, the basalt fiber fabric is laid on the molding die layer by layer, and a core material is filled between the fibers to form a multilayer fiber assembly; when laying, the warp of the basalt fiber fabric is ensured to be straight, and the strength and weight of the core material are continuously adjusted;

[0040] Further, when the basalt fiber fabric is laid, every two of the basalt fiber fabrics are orthogonally laid, the laying angle is mainly 0° and 90°, and a small amount of 45° and 135° are interlaid, this laying mode can resist impact load to the greatest extent, and can diffuse the load by using 45° and 135°, so as to ensure the strength and stability of the basalt fiber composite product; further, the outer layer of the multilayer fiber assembly is selected to be 45° and 135°, which can provide local buckling strength.

[0041] Furthermore, the core material is one or more of foam, wood, glass, and metal. During installation, acrylate is used to bond the core material to the basalt fiber fabric. Acrylic acrylate can cure rapidly at room temperature and pressure and has good material bonding strength.

[0042] S3, such as Figure 2 As shown, a release cloth and a flow guide net are sequentially laid on the multi-layer fiber assembly, and then resin conduits are laid on the flow guide net; pressure-sensitive sealing strips are attached to the edge of the molding mold; a vacuum bag is laid, so that the molding mold and the vacuum bag are combined to form a closed cavity, sealing the multi-layer fiber assembly, release cloth, flow guide net and resin conduits between the vacuum bag and the molding mold.

[0043] S4. Extract the air between the multi-layer fiber assembly to create a negative pressure inside; specifically, check the vacuum level after vacuuming to ensure that the internal pressure is not less than 0.2MPa. The better the vacuum level, the more it can promote resin penetration and improve the compaction and curing effect of basalt fiber fabric.

[0044] S5. Prepare the resin and additives into a solidification solvent, introduce the solidification solvent into the injection, and impregnate the multi-layer fiber assembly while the solidification solvent flows and fills the mold to form a basalt fiber preform.

[0045] Specifically, the resin is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, cyanate ester resin, and vinyl ester resin; the resin can support and connect the basalt fiber layer, ensuring the stability and rigidity of the basalt fiber composite product, and distributing the load to the basalt fiber fabric; the additives are a mixed solution including polyurethane solution, resorcinol solution, potassium peroxide ethyl ketone solution, and cobalt isooctanoate styrene solution, which can enhance the curing reaction, improve the bonding performance between the fiber and the core material, increase the plasticity of the contact surface between the fiber and the core material, and improve the shear strength and impact toughness under humid and hot conditions; the additive content accounts for 0.9%-1.2% of the bonding solvent.

[0046] S6. Heat curing;

[0047] Specifically, the curing temperature is 165-185℃, and the heating curing time is 40-120min. At this temperature, the resin can undergo an intensified polycondensation reaction and a rapid cross-linking reaction without excessive cross-linking, thus achieving both curing efficiency and material strength.

[0048] In the initial stage of hot-pressing curing, the internal pressure is kept constant and does not exceed 2 MPa, so that the solidification solvent can flow and fill the gap between the materials, thereby reducing the formation of bubbles and micropores; when the resin begins to gel, the pressure is gradually increased until the pressure reaches 5.8-8 MPa; when the crosslinking is completed, the pressure is first released to the normal pressure state, and then the temperature is lowered. The experiment shows that the first pressure release and then the temperature reduction can further improve the mechanical strength.

[0049] S7, demolding and trimming, to obtain the basalt fiber composite product.

[0050] The application also provides a basalt fiber composite board prepared by the above basalt fiber composite process, wherein the diameter of the basalt fiber is not greater than 8 microns; the upper surface of the basalt fiber board is provided with an anti-skid layer, and the lower surface is provided with anti-skid texture, which can enhance the friction between the board and the roadbed, making the board more stable; the number of layers of the basalt fiber fabric is 40-70 layers; the mass content of the resin is 30-55%; further, the anti-skid layer is formed by spraying resin mortar, and the anti-skid material is selected from diamond sand, and the pendulum friction coefficient can be controlled between 0.45-0.6 under the condition of water film, and the infrared radiation coefficient is similar to that of soil.

[0051] The mechanical property parameters of the basalt fiber composite board of the application are shown in Table 1:

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Mechanical index name Reference standard Performance parameter Tensile strength (MPa) GB / T1447 550-850 Tensile elastic modulus (MPa) GB / T1447 35000-45000 Compression strength (MPa) GB / T1448 280-480 Bending strength (MPa) GB / T1449 600-870 Shear strength (MPa) GB / T1450.2 50-70 Impact toughness (MPa) GB / T1451 350-500 Barcol hardness (Hba) GB / T3854 60-70 Glass transition temperature - Tg (°C) ISO11357-2 80-120

[0054] The application also provides a basalt fiber composite runway composed of the above basalt fiber composite boards;

[0055] As shown in Figure 3 each of the basalt fiber composite boards is a same rectangular board; a plurality of vertical anchor holes are formed in the four peripheral edges of the basalt fiber composite board, and the diameter of the anchor hole is 50 mm; the spacing between adjacent anchor holes is 910 mm; and each basalt fiber composite board is fixed on the foundation by anchor nails.

[0056] A plurality of connecting holes are formed in the long side surface of the basalt fiber composite board, and a reserved hole is formed in the short side surface; a plurality of basalt fiber composite boards are abutted and spliced into a row along the long sides, and every two basalt fiber composite boards are detachably connected by a board connecting bolt located in the connecting hole; the board connecting bolt comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece; the first connecting piece is composed of a first head plate and a screw rod; the second connecting piece is composed of a second head plate and a screw sleeve; and the screw rod and the screw sleeve can be screw-connected.

[0057] Further, in the embodiment, the first head plate and the second head plate are circular plates with a diameter of no less than 50 mm; the diameter of the screw rod is no less than 15 mm, and the length of the screw rod is no more than 20 mm; further, a hexagonal groove is formed at the end of the screw rod away from the first head plate for screwing the plate body connecting bolt; the diameter of the second head plate is greater than that of the first head plate, and a plurality of round holes are formed on the second head plate for fixing the second connecting member when the plate body connecting bolt is screwed.

[0058] During transportation, the basalt fiber composite plates can be connected by connecting soft belts and reserved holes on the short sides in groups of 3-9, so as to facilitate rapid unfolding and dragging.

[0059] In the embodiment, the long side of the plate body of each of the basalt fiber composite plates constituting the runway is 9000 mm, and the short side is 1800 mm; during paving, 6-9 plate bodies are arranged in a group along the width direction of the road, and the weight of a single plate is 700 KG.

[0060] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concepts described herein by the above teachings or related art or knowledge. Any modification and change made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application shall be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A basalt fiber composite process characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, surface treatment of the forming mold and basalt fiber fabric, including: cleaning the basalt fiber fabric, immersing the basalt fiber fabric in a coupling agent for 1.5 hours, taking out the soaked basalt fiber fabric and drying; S2, layer-by-layer laying of the basalt fiber fabric on the forming mold, and filling the core material between the fibers to form a multi-layer fiber assembly, every two basalt fiber fabrics are orthogonally laid, the laying angle is mainly orthogonal laying at 0° and 90°, and a small amount of 45° and 135° orthogonal laying is interposed; S3, sequentially laying release cloth and flow guide net on the multi-layer fiber assembly, and arranging resin guide pipe on the flow guide net; sticking pressure-sensitive sealing adhesive tape on the edge of the forming mold; laying a vacuum bag, so that the forming mold and the vacuum bag are combined into a closed cavity, and the multi-layer fiber assembly, the release cloth, the flow guide net and the resin guide pipe are sealed between the vacuum bag and the forming mold; S4, extracting air between the multi-layer fiber assembly to form negative pressure inside; S5, configuring resin and additives into a solid connection solvent, introducing the solid connection solvent into the pouring, so that the solid connection solvent impregnates the multi-layer fiber assembly while flowing to fill the mold, forming a basalt fiber preform; S6, heating and curing; in the early stage of hot-pressing curing, the internal pressure is kept unchanged and does not exceed 2 MPa; when the resin begins to gel, the pressure is gradually increased until the pressure reaches 5.8-8 MPa; when the crosslinking is completed, the pressure is first released to normal pressure, and then the temperature is lowered; S7, demolding and trimming to obtain a basalt fiber composite product.

2. A basalt fiber composite process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: When the surface of the forming mold is treated, including: removing sundries on the upper surface of the forming mold, polishing the forming surface with sandpaper, cleaning the upper surface of the mold and coating a release agent.

3. A basalt fiber composite process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the core material is one or more of foam, wood, glass and metal, and when laying, an adhesive is used to bond the core material to the basalt fiber fabric.

4. A basalt fiber composite process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The resin is one or more of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, unsaturated polyester resin, cyanate ester resin and vinyl ester resin; the additive is a mixed solution including polyurethane solution, resorcinol solution, potassium peroxide ketone solution and cobalt isooctanoate styrene solution; the additive content accounts for 0.9%-1.2% of the solid connection solvent.

5. A basalt fiber composite process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The heating and curing temperature is 165-185℃, and the heating and curing time is 40-120min.

6. A basalt fiber composite panel, characterized by: The basalt fiber composite process as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the diameter of the basalt fiber is not greater than 8μm; the upper surface of the basalt fiber plate is provided with an anti-skid layer; the number of layers of the basalt fiber fabric is 40-70 layers; and the mass content of the resin is 30-55%.

7. A basalt fiber composite panel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anti-skid layer is formed by spraying resin mortar, and the anti-skid material is selected from diamond sand.

8. A basalt fiber composite runway characterized by: The basalt fiber composite plate as claimed in any one of claims 6-7, wherein a plurality of basalt fiber composite plates are combined. Each of the basalt fiber composite plates is a same rectangular plate; a plurality of vertical anchor holes are formed in the four peripheral edges of the basalt fiber composite plate, and the spacing between adjacent anchor holes is 0.9-1 m; a plurality of connecting holes are formed in the long side surfaces of the basalt fiber composite plate; a plurality of the basalt fiber composite plates are long-side butted and spliced into a row, and every two basalt fiber composite plates are detachably connected through plate body connecting bolts in the connecting holes; the plate body connecting bolts comprise first connecting pieces and second connecting pieces; the first connecting pieces are composed of first head plates and screw rods; the second connecting pieces are composed of second head plates and screw sleeves; and the screw rods and the screw sleeves can be screw-connected.

9. A basalt fiber composite runway as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: A basalt fiber composite runway is characterized in that: the first head plates and the second head plates are circular plates with a diameter not less than 50 mm; the diameter of the screw rods is not less than 15 mm, and the length of the screw rods is not greater than 20 mm.

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