Sandstone area anchoring pile mechanical dry operation hole forming construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of sandstone area anchoring pile mechanical dry work hole-forming construction method, comprising the following steps: measurement lofting, complete cross guard pile construction;Casing installation;Pile excavation includes: by rotary drilling rig using dry work construction in the range of anchoring pile square hole multiple pilot hole to pile bottom, replace square hole milling drill bit, using dry work construction to modify pile hole, obtain the square pile hole in line with design requirements, and avoid concrete retaining wall construction;After reinforcing bar production binding is completed, hoist reinforcement cage, after reinforcement cage hoisting is completed, carry out hole bottom silt thickness inspection, after passing, should immediately pour concrete;Pile foundation concrete pouring uses delivery pump to cooperate with string drum, and inserts type vibrating rod tamping;Pile foundation concrete pouring according to actual situation on site adopts clear water pouring or dry hole pouring construction technology, pile body pours continuously, and once pouring is completed.The present application can greatly improve the work efficiency, speed up the construction progress, and can quickly position the edge when milling hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pile foundation construction. More specifically, this invention relates to a mechanical dry drilling method for anchor piles in sandstone areas. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor piles and pile-slab walls based on anchor piles are common retaining and anti-slip structures in the field of civil engineering. To improve the stiffness of the pile body, they are often designed as large-section rectangular structures.

[0003] Square-section anchor piles generally cannot be drilled using impact drills or rotary drills with round drill bits. Therefore, the drilling of traditional anchor piles mainly relies on manual drilling combined with static blasting and explosive blasting. In hard rock formations, water-cooled core drilling can be used. However, manually excavated piles have many drawbacks. First, manual excavation is inefficient, slow, and labor-intensive. With rising labor costs, its cost advantage is gradually diminishing. Second, manual excavation requires personnel to work underground, increasing their risk of accidents due to toxic gases, mudslides, water inrushes, borehole collapses, electrical hazards, and falling objects. Even without physical injury, workers may develop occupational diseases from prolonged exposure to dust. Third, to ensure personnel safety, the borehole walls need concrete reinforcement, which increases with excavation depth. This consumes significant amounts of steel bars, concrete, and formwork, increasing costs. Furthermore, the binding of reinforcement bars, formwork erection, concrete pouring, and reinforcement testing consume considerable time, extending the construction period.

[0004] Based on the above, it is essential to develop new methods for anchor pile drilling that are efficient, low-cost, and have controllable quality and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve this technical problem is: a mechanical dry drilling construction method for anchor piles in sandstone areas, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Survey and set out, and complete the construction of the cross-shaped retaining piles;

[0007] S2. Installation of the casing;

[0008] S3. Pile excavation includes: using a rotary drilling rig to drill multiple holes to the bottom of the pile within the square hole range of the anchor pile using dry operation construction, replacing the square milling drill bit, and using dry operation construction to repair the pile hole to obtain a square pile hole that meets the design requirements, and eliminating the need for concrete wall protection construction.

[0009] S4. After the steel reinforcement is fabricated and tied, the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted. After the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is checked. If it passes the inspection, concrete should be poured immediately.

[0010] S5. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation is carried out by a conveying pump and a tremie pipe, and the pile foundation is compacted by an immersion vibrator. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation adopts the construction process of clear water pouring or dry hole pouring according to the actual site conditions. The pile body pouring is a continuous operation and is completed in one pouring.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes calculating and verifying the coordinates and elevation before construction layout, and after verification, carrying out construction layout, embedding cross-shaped protective piles, and reinforcing and protecting the cross-shaped protective piles with mortar or concrete.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, during the installation of the casing, the casing is made of steel plate, and a square steel casing with a thickness of 6-12mm is buried according to the design requirements.

[0013] The plane deviation between the center of the casing and the center of the pile should not exceed 50mm after the casing is installed, and the vertical inclination of the casing should not exceed 1%.

[0014] The casing must not be struck during drilling, hoisting the reinforcing cage, or pouring concrete. When using the casing to fix the reinforcing cage and support the pouring funnel, reliable measures should be taken to prevent the casing from sinking, floating, or being damaged.

[0015] Preferably, the process of trimming the pile hole with a square milling drill bit in step S3 specifically includes:

[0016] A square milling drill bit is used to rough mill the pile hole from top to bottom; after the rough milling is completed, a positioning mechanism is installed below the square milling drill bit.

[0017] The square milling drill bit includes: a mounting frame, a hydraulic drive device, and milling wheels; first milling wheels are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the mounting frame, and second milling wheels are symmetrically mounted on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the mounting frame. The axes of the first and second milling wheels are parallel. The first milling wheels are driven to rotate by the first hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two first milling wheels to rotate synchronously or one of the first milling wheels to rotate. The second milling wheels are driven to rotate by the second hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two second milling wheels to rotate synchronously or one of the second milling wheels to rotate.

[0018] The positioning mechanism includes: a connecting frame, an infrared ranging sensor, and a sliding frame assembly; the connecting frame is detachably mounted on the mounting frame, and the sliding frame assembly includes two first sliding frames and one second sliding frame. The first sliding frames are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the second sliding frame. The first sliding frames are located below the first milling wheel, and the second sliding frames are located below the second milling wheel. The sliding frame assembly is arranged parallel to the centerline of the width direction of the mounting frame. The first sliding frame is provided with multiple first slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom, and the second sliding frame is provided with multiple second slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom. Infrared ranging sensors are provided on both the front and rear sides of the slider of the first slide rail.

[0019] The controller is connected to the drill rod of the drilling rig, the first hydraulic drive device, the second hydraulic drive device, the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the infrared ranging sensor, and assigns a corresponding number to the infrared ranging sensor; the computing and storage module is connected to the controller.

[0020] The controller is configured such that the sliding frame assembly is located at the top of the pile hole. The controller controls all infrared ranging sensors corresponding to the milling surface of the square milling drill bit to slide from one side of the first / second sliding frame to the other side, stopping at a fixed point for a set time during the process and detecting the distance from the pile hole. The controller transmits the distance detected by the infrared ranging sensors to the calculation and storage module. The calculation and storage module filters out detected distances L that are less than a set distance L. a The infrared ranging sensor transmits data to the controller. The controller determines the position of the selected infrared ranging sensors based on their serial numbers. When the infrared ranging sensor is located on the first sliding frame, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit down one milling wheel distance, and activates the first milling wheel on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor. When the infrared ranging sensor is located on the second sliding frame, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit down a set distance L. b L b The distance between the infrared ranging sensor and the second milling wheel is set, and the second milling wheel on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor is turned on.

[0021] Preferably, the number of the first slide rails and the number of the second slide rails are the same, and the first slide rails and the second slide rails are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the first slide rails on both sides and the second slide rail in the middle are on a straight line.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. Mechanical drilling has replaced manual drilling, which can greatly improve work efficiency, speed up construction progress, avoid personal injury caused by personnel going down into the hole, and reduce safety hazards and management difficulties at the construction site.

[0024] 2. Square pile drilling can be achieved simply by replacing the rotary bucket drill bit with a square milling drill bit. During milling, it allows for rapid positioning and trimming, improving trimming quality.

[0025] 3. The entire process adopts the dry operation method for hole formation, and the reinforced concrete retaining wall is eliminated. The steel cage is prefabricated and hoisted for installation, which further reduces construction costs, shortens the hole formation cycle, and has good economic benefits.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of the cross-shaped protective pile of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drilling pilot hole of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the square milling drill bit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the actual effect of the completed pile foundation.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cross-shaped retaining pile; 2. Pithead; 3. Casing; 4. Mounting bracket; 5. First milling wheel; 6. Second milling wheel; 7. First sliding bracket; 8. Second sliding bracket; 9. Infrared ranging sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that the technical solutions and features provided in various parts of the present invention, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention described below are generally only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0035] This invention provides a mechanical dry drilling construction method for anchor piles in sandstone areas, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0036] S1. Measurement and layout, such as Figure 1 As shown, the construction of cross-shaped retaining pile 1 is completed;

[0037] S2, Install the casing 3;

[0038] S3. Pile excavation includes: such as Figure 2 As shown, multiple pilot holes 2 were drilled to the bottom of the pile within the square hole range of the anchor pile using a rotary drilling rig in a dry operation. The square milling drill bit was replaced, and the pile hole was repaired using a dry operation to obtain a square pile hole that meets the design requirements, thus eliminating the need for concrete wall protection construction.

[0039] S4. After the steel reinforcement is fabricated and tied, the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted. After the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is checked. If it passes the inspection, concrete should be poured immediately.

[0040] S5. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation is carried out by a conveying pump and a tremie pipe, and the pile foundation is compacted by an immersion vibrator. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation adopts the construction process of clear water pouring or dry hole pouring according to the actual site conditions. The pile body pouring is a continuous operation and is completed in one pouring.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the basic principle of mechanical dry drilling for anchor piles in sandstone areas is to use existing rotary drilling rigs to replace manual excavation. Specifically, this includes: First, using a rotary drilling rig to drill multiple pilot holes 2 to the bottom of the pile within the square hole area of ​​the anchor pile, to ascertain the geological conditions of the pile hole, and using these holes as collection and removal holes for later milling and trimming; Second, replacing the rotary drilling rig bit with a specially designed square milling drill bit, using the power of the rotary drilling rig to trim the pile hole to obtain a square pile hole that meets the design requirements, with the trimmed excavated soil falling into pilot hole 2. After reaching a certain depth, the rotary drilling rig is used to remove the excavated soil using a circular drill bit. Milling and trimming, and removing the soil are performed alternately until the bottom of the pile is reached; Third, both pilot hole 2 and milling and trimming are dry operations, eliminating the need for concrete wall construction; Finally, after drilling, a pre-tied reinforcing cage is hoisted, and then concrete is poured to form the pile.

[0042] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: Step S1 specifically includes calculating and verifying the coordinates and elevations before construction layout, and carrying out construction layout after verification, such as... Figure 1 As shown, cross-shaped protective piles 1 are installed. Cross-shaped protective piles 1 must be reinforced and protected with mortar or concrete in order to inspect the pile positions during the excavation process.

[0043] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: In step S2, during the installation of the casing 3, the casing 3 is made of steel plate, and a square steel casing 3 with a thickness of 6-12mm is buried according to the design requirements; when there are no design requirements, when the casing 3 is buried in dry land or shallow water, the burial depth shall not be less than 1.0m for impermeable strata; for permeable strata, the burial depth is the same as above, but it is advisable to replace it with impermeable soil to a depth of not less than 0.5m under the cutting edge of the casing 3, and the replacement width shall be greater than the square casing 3 by 0.5-1.0m. The top surface of the casing 3 shall be more than 0.5m above the construction ground or more than 2.0m above the groundwater level.

[0044] The plane deviation between the center of the casing 3 and the center of the pile should not exceed 50mm, and the vertical inclination of the casing 3 should not exceed 1%. When multiple casing sections 3 are connected, the joints of the casing 3 should be firm and free of protrusions.

[0045] The casing 3 must not be struck during drilling, hoisting the reinforcing cage, or pouring concrete. When using the casing 3 to fix the reinforcing cage and support the pouring funnel, reliable measures should be taken to prevent the casing 3 from sinking, floating, or being damaged.

[0046] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the square milling drill bit in step S3 for trimming the pile hole specifically includes:

[0047] Square milling drill bits are used to rough mill pile holes from top to bottom. After rough milling, the hole wall is uneven and pitted, requiring repeated milling for finishing. However, when the square milling drill bit descends to the lower part of the pile, the operator cannot see the inside of the hole, making accurate operation impossible. Even with a camera, the drilling operation is dry, resulting in poor visibility. Using the camera to determine the milling position also leads to inaccurate positioning, often requiring multiple adjustments, which significantly affects construction efficiency. To solve these technical problems, a positioning mechanism is installed below the square milling drill bit after rough milling.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the square milling drill bit includes: a mounting frame 4, a hydraulic drive device, and milling wheels; first milling wheels 5 are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the mounting frame 4, and second milling wheels 6 are symmetrically mounted on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the mounting frame 4. The axes of the first milling wheels 5 and the second milling wheels 6 are parallel. The first milling wheels 5 are driven to rotate by the first hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two first milling wheels 5 to rotate synchronously or one of the first milling wheels 5 to rotate. The second milling wheels 6 are driven to rotate by the second hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two second milling wheels 6 to rotate synchronously or one of the second milling wheels 6 to rotate.

[0049] The positioning mechanism includes: a connecting frame, an infrared ranging sensor 9, and a sliding frame assembly; the connecting frame is detachably mounted on the mounting frame 4, and the sliding frame assembly includes two first sliding frames 7 and one second sliding frame 8. The first sliding frames 7 are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the second sliding frame 8. The first sliding frames 7 are located below the first milling wheel 5, and the second sliding frames 8 are located below the second milling wheel 6. The sliding frame assembly is arranged parallel to the centerline of the width direction of the mounting frame 4. The first sliding frames 7 are provided with multiple first slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom, and the second sliding frames 8 are provided with multiple second slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom. Infrared ranging sensors 9 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the slider of the first slide rail.

[0050] The controller is connected to the drill rod of the drilling rig, the first hydraulic drive device, the second hydraulic drive device, the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the infrared ranging sensor 9, and assigns a corresponding number to the infrared ranging sensor 9; the computing and storage module is connected to the controller.

[0051] The controller is configured such that the sliding frame assembly is located at the top of the pile hole. The controller controls all infrared ranging sensors 9 of the square milling drill bit corresponding to the milling surface to slide from one side of the first sliding frame 7 / second sliding frame 8 to the other side, stopping at a fixed point for a set time during the process and detecting the distance from the pile hole. The controller transmits the distance detected by the infrared ranging sensors 9 to the calculation and storage module. The calculation and storage module filters out detected distances L that are less than a set distance L. a The infrared ranging sensor 9 transmits data to the controller. The controller determines the position of the selected infrared ranging sensor 9 based on its number. When the infrared ranging sensor 9 is located on the first sliding frame 7, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit downwards by the distance of one first milling wheel 5, i.e., the diameter of the first milling wheel 5, and activates the first milling wheel 5 on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor 9. When the infrared ranging sensor 9 is located on the second sliding frame 8, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit downwards by a set distance L. b L b The distance between the infrared ranging sensor 9 and the second milling wheel 6 is determined, and the second milling wheel 6 on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor 9 is activated.

[0052] This technical solution may also include the following technical details to better achieve the technical effect: the number of the first slide rail and the number of the second slide rail are the same, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail are set in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the first slide rail on both sides and the second slide rail in the middle are located on a straight line.

[0053] Taking the subgrade engineering of the second section of WYZQ-7 of the Wuyi section of the newly built Shanghai-Chongqing-Chengdu high-speed railway as an example, this section includes 5 subgrade pile-slab walls with a total of 95 piles and a total design length of 1704 meters. The cross-sectional dimensions are 2.25m×2.5m and 2.0m×2.25m. The strata through which the anchor piles pass are mainly sandstone and sandstone interbedded with mudstone.

[0054] my country has vast sandstone areas, and anchor piles are widely used. This construction method successfully solves a series of quality and safety issues during the construction of anchor piles in sandstone areas, while shortening the construction period, reducing construction costs, saving materials, and achieving significant environmental benefits. The advanced technology of this method not only guides the construction of sandstone anchor piles in the background project but also accumulates rich engineering experience for similar projects in the future. Therefore, this method has broad application prospects and high promotional value. Anchor piles in sandstone areas utilize mechanical drilling, which eliminates the need for wall protection, thus reducing the amount of concrete and steel reinforcement used, lowering construction costs, and improving economic efficiency.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A mechanical dry-operation method for anchor pile drilling in sandstone areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Survey and set out, and complete the construction of the cross-shaped retaining piles; S2. Installation of the casing; S3. Pile excavation includes: using a rotary drilling rig to drill multiple holes to the bottom of the pile within the square hole range of the anchor pile using dry operation construction, replacing the square milling drill bit, and using dry operation construction to repair the pile hole to obtain a square pile hole that meets the design requirements, and eliminating the need for concrete wall protection construction. The specific steps of trimming the pile hole with the square milling drill bit in step S3 include: A square milling drill bit is used to rough mill the pile hole from top to bottom; after the rough milling is completed, a positioning mechanism is installed below the square milling drill bit. The square milling drill bit includes: a mounting frame, a hydraulic drive device, and milling wheels; first milling wheels are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the mounting frame, and second milling wheels are symmetrically mounted on the front and rear sides of the lower part of the mounting frame. The axes of the first and second milling wheels are parallel. The first milling wheels are driven to rotate by the first hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two first milling wheels to rotate synchronously or one of the first milling wheels to rotate. The second milling wheels are driven to rotate by the second hydraulic drive device, which is configured to control the two second milling wheels to rotate synchronously or one of the second milling wheels to rotate. The positioning mechanism includes: a connecting frame, an infrared ranging sensor, and a sliding frame assembly; the connecting frame is detachably mounted on the mounting frame, and the sliding frame assembly includes two first sliding frames and one second sliding frame. The first sliding frames are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the second sliding frame. The first sliding frames are located below the first milling wheel, and the second sliding frames are located below the second milling wheel. The sliding frame assembly is arranged parallel to the centerline of the width direction of the mounting frame. The first sliding frame is provided with multiple first slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom, and the second sliding frame is provided with multiple second slide rails spaced apart from top to bottom. Infrared ranging sensors are provided on both the front and rear sides of the slider of the first slide rail. The controller is connected to the drill rod of the drilling rig, the first hydraulic drive device, the second hydraulic drive device, the first slide rail, the second slide rail, and the infrared ranging sensor, and assigns a corresponding number to the infrared ranging sensor; the computing and storage module is connected to the controller. The controller is configured such that the sliding frame assembly is located at the top of the pile hole. The controller controls all infrared ranging sensors corresponding to the milling surface of the square milling drill bit to slide from one side of the first / second sliding frame to the other side, stopping at a fixed point for a set time during the process and detecting the distance from the pile hole. The controller transmits the distance detected by the infrared ranging sensors to the calculation and storage module. The calculation and storage module filters out detected distances L that are less than a set distance L. a The infrared ranging sensor transmits data to the controller. The controller determines the position of the selected infrared ranging sensors based on their serial numbers. When the infrared ranging sensor is located on the first sliding frame, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit down one milling wheel distance, and activates the first milling wheel on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor. When the infrared ranging sensor is located on the second sliding frame, the controller controls the drill rod to move the square milling drill bit down a set distance L. b L b The distance between the infrared ranging sensor and the second milling wheel is set, and the second milling wheel on the same side as the infrared ranging sensor is turned on to start working; S4. After the steel reinforcement is fabricated and tied, the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted. After the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the thickness of the sediment at the bottom of the hole is checked. If it passes the inspection, concrete should be poured immediately. S5. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation is carried out by a conveying pump and a tremie pipe, and the pile foundation is compacted by an immersion vibrator. The concrete pouring of the pile foundation adopts the construction process of clear water pouring or dry hole pouring according to the actual site conditions. The pile body pouring is a continuous operation and is completed in one pouring.

2. The mechanical dry drilling construction method for anchor piles in sandstone areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes calculating and verifying the coordinates and elevations before construction layout, and after verification, carrying out construction layout, embedding cross-shaped protective piles, and reinforcing and protecting the cross-shaped protective piles with mortar or concrete.

3. The mechanical dry drilling construction method for anchor piles in sandstone areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, during the installation of the protective casing, the protective casing is made of steel plate, and a square steel protective casing with a thickness of 6 to 12 mm is buried according to the design requirements. The plane deviation between the center of the casing and the center of the pile should not exceed 50mm after the casing is installed, and the vertical inclination of the casing should not exceed 1%. During drilling, hoisting the reinforcing cage, and pouring concrete, the casing must not be struck. When using the casing to fix the reinforcing cage and support the pouring funnel, reliable measures should be taken to prevent the casing from sinking, floating, or being damaged.

4. The mechanical dry drilling construction method for anchor piles in sandstone areas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the first slide rail and the number of the second slide rail are the same, and the first slide rail and the second slide rail are set in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the first slide rail on both sides and the second slide rail in the middle are on a straight line.

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