Concrete support machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete support machine. The machine solves the problems of large concrete rebound, poor working environment, complicated operation and difficult processing and screening of concrete raw materials in traditional jet concrete support. The machine uses a spiral conveying pipe to transport concrete and smoothes and vibrates and compacts the concrete. The machine solves the difficulty of bending of the spiral conveying pipe by the following measures: connecting the two sections of the spiral pipe through an elbow; flexibly connecting the spiral pipe and the scraper; and fixing the receiving hopper and the chassis together so that they can rotate together. The machine has the advantages of good working environment, no rebound, simple operation and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the equipment for concrete primary support after rock blasting excavation, in particular to the equipment for timely concrete primary support of rock surface after tunnel excavation. BACKGROUND

[0002] After tunnel blasting excavation, the rock surface needs to be supported in time to ensure the safety of subsequent construction. According to the traditional construction technology, a concrete spraying machine is generally used to deliver concrete to the working position. The concrete spraying machine has the following disadvantages:

[0003] 1. During the concrete spraying operation, due to the high pressure, there is much concrete dust at the working position, and the working environment is poor;

[0004] 2. The rebound value of concrete is large, the concrete is wasted, and the cost is high;

[0005] 3. The mixing amount of the concrete accelerator in the concrete is high, which greatly affects the strength of the concrete in the later period;

[0006] 4. In order to ensure the concrete delivery effect, the raw materials of the concrete need to be specially processed and screened to control the maximum particle size within a reasonable range, and the maximum aggregate particle size is generally controlled within 15mm and the aggregate gradation is reasonable, otherwise the spray pipe is easily blocked, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and material-consuming.

[0007] 5. The spraying operation has strict requirements on the angle of the spray gun (perpendicular to the sprayed surface), the spraying sequence, the distance between the spray gun and the sprayed surface (0.6M~1.2M), etc., and the thickness of each layer of spraying is limited (60mm~100mm for the top arch and 80mm~150mm for the side wall), and for the parts exceeding the above thickness requirements, re-spraying needs to be performed within 1 hour after the concrete is finally set. The requirements for the operator are high, and the operator needs to be trained for a long time before being allowed to operate. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a concrete support equipment which delivers concrete to the working surface under normal pressure and trowels, vibrates and compacts the concrete, and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional spraying concrete support, such as large rebound value of concrete, poor working environment, complex operation, and difficult processing and screening of concrete raw materials.

[0009] The concrete support machine has low concrete cost, simple operation, and fundamentally improved working environment.

[0010] The present application is implemented as follows:

[0011] The chassis 7 of the concrete supporting machine is freely rotatably connected with the traveling mechanism chassis, the receiving hopper 15 is fixedly connected with the chassis 7, the first screw conveying pipe 2 is connected with the chassis through a hinged support, and is connected with the chassis through a first adjusting oil cylinder, the first and second screw conveying pipes are connected with the first and second connecting elbows 16 and 17 through first and second elbow flanges respectively, the other ends of the first and second connecting elbows are provided with third and fourth elbow flanges respectively, flange rolling bearings 23 and corresponding inner and outer flange sealing rings 24 are arranged between the third and fourth elbow flanges, connecting clamps 20 are arranged on the outer edges of the third and fourth elbow flanges, clamp rolling bearings 21 and corresponding clamp sealing rings 22 are arranged between the connecting clamps and the third and fourth elbow flanges, a second adjusting oil cylinder 5 is arranged between the first and second screw conveying pipes, the second screw conveying pipe 3 is connected with the horn gradually changing pipe 12 of the scraper panel 8 through a corrugated pipe 10, the second screw conveying pipe is connected with the lower end of the scraper panel 8 through a third adjusting oil cylinder 6, the scraper panel 8 is provided with a rectangular concrete discharging hole, and adjustable left and right adjusting side plates 25 and 26 and an adjusting bottom plate 27 are arranged on both sides and the lower part of the scraper panel, the left and right adjusting side plates and the adjusting bottom plate are connected with the scraper panel 8 through first, second and third hinged leaves 28, 29 and 30 respectively, the left and right adjusting side plates and the adjusting bottom plate are connected with the second screw conveying pipe 3 through first, second and third adjusting chain rods respectively, the adjusting chain rods are adjusting oil cylinders or adjusting air cylinders, a shock absorber 13 is arranged between the scraper panel 8 and the second screw conveying pipe 3, the projections of the axes of the first and second screw conveying pipes and the connecting surfaces of the third and fourth elbow flanges on the horizontal plane are three equidistant parallel lines, the projections of the axes of the first and second screw conveying pipes and the second adjusting oil cylinder form a triangle, the included angle α of the axes of the first and second screw conveying pipes is 0º~180º, the projections of the axes of the first screw conveying pipe, the first adjusting oil cylinder 4 and the upper surface of the chassis 7 on the horizontal plane form a triangle, the included angle δ of the axes of the first screw conveying pipe and the chassis is 30º~75º, the projection of the axis of the second adjusting oil cylinder 5 on the horizontal plane coincides with the connecting surface of the third and fourth elbow flanges, and the first and second supports fixedly connected on the first and second screw conveying pipes are rotatably connected with the bottom of the oil cylinder and the end of the piston rod by 180º respectively.

[0012] The third and fourth elbow flanges are connected with the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearings 23 respectively.

[0013] The outer rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected with the third and fourth elbow flanges respectively, the clamp 20 is composed of an upper half ring 33 and a lower half ring 34, one connecting end of the upper and lower half rings is connected through a connecting pin 32 by matching through holes, the other connecting end of the upper and lower half rings is connected through a connecting screw 35 and a nut 36 by matching flanges, and the inner rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected with the inner walls of the upper and lower half rings respectively.

[0014] All the adjusting oil cylinders and adjusting chain rods are controlled and operated through electromagnetic valves and electronic devices in the driver's cabin or remote controller.

[0015] The third and fourth elbow flanges are respectively connected with the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearing 23 through buckling.

[0016] The outer rings of the first and second hoop rolling bearings are respectively connected with the third and fourth elbow flanges through buckling, and the inner rings of the first and second hoop rolling bearings are respectively connected with the inner walls of the upper half ring 33 and the lower half ring 34 through buckling.

[0017] The present application transports the concrete to the rock surface part needing support under normal pressure through the small spiral conveying pipe, uniformly spreads the concrete on the protected rock surface according to the design requirements through the scraper arranged at the pipe opening, and vibrates and compacts the concrete through the vibration device arranged on the scraper.

[0018] The present application has the following advantages:

[0019] The present application effectively solves the shortcomings of the traditional process by transporting the concrete to the part needing support under normal pressure through the small spiral conveying pipe and smoothing and vibrating the concrete.

[0020] When the traditional concrete spraying support construction is adopted, the noise of compressed air is large, the dust generated by the rebound of sprayed concrete is large, and the operation environment is poor. When the present application is adopted, the concrete is transported to the working face through the spiral conveying pipe, and the concrete is in a fully closed state during transportation, and the operation environment is fundamentally improved.

[0021] When the traditional concrete spraying support construction is adopted, the concrete needs to be sprayed to the working face by using high pressure, the coarse aggregate in the concrete collides and rebounds with the hard rock surface, resulting in waste (according to the relevant specification requirements, the rebound material cannot be reused). If the operator is skilled, the rebound rate at the vertical side wall part is generally about 15%, and the rebound rate at the top arch part is about 25%. When the present application is adopted, since the concrete is transported to the working face under normal pressure, the above collision is effectively avoided, the problem of concrete aggregate rebound is fundamentally solved, and material waste is avoided.

[0022] When the traditional concrete spraying support construction is adopted, the mixing amount of the accelerator in the concrete is high, which has a large influence on the later strength of the concrete; when the present application is adopted, the concrete mix ratio can be further optimized, the mixing amount of the accelerator can be appropriately reduced, and the influence on the later strength of the concrete is small.

[0023] When the traditional concrete spraying support construction is adopted, in order to avoid the blockage of the spray pipe, the raw materials of the concrete need to be specially processed and screened to control the maximum particle size within a reasonable range (generally controlled within 15 mm), which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. When the present application is adopted, the particle size range of the concrete aggregate is expanded, and the screening workload is reduced.

[0024] Traditional concrete spraying requires strict control over the angle of the spray gun, the spraying sequence, and the distance between the spray gun and the rock surface. This places high demands on operators, requiring extensive training before they can perform the work. This invention, however, allows for remote-controlled robotic arms to complete the tasks. It achieves one-time molding and is easy to operate.

[0025] It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional shotcrete support, such as large concrete rebound, poor working environment, complex operation, and difficulty in processing and screening concrete raw materials. It is transported to the working surface under normal pressure and then smoothed and vibrated to ensure compaction. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete support machine structure of the present invention;

[0027] Appendix Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection method for concrete spiral conveying pipes;

[0028] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an elbow flange connection;

[0029] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front of the scraper;

[0030] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the scraper;

[0031] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper's side view;

[0032] Appendix Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the spiral conveyor pipe connection method (bottom view);

[0033] Appendix Figure 8 A schematic diagram (side view) of the spiral conveyor pipe connection method;

[0034] Appendix Figure 9 For large drawing A (schematic diagram of elbow flange, clamp and corresponding sealing ring);

[0035] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure;

[0036] Appendix Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamp structure A-A. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The chassis 7 of the concrete supporting machine is rotatably connected with the traveling mechanism chassis, the receiving hopper 15 is fixedly connected with the chassis 7, the first screw conveyor 2 is connected with the chassis through a hinged support, the first screw conveyor is connected with the chassis 7 through the first adjusting oil cylinder 4, the first and second screw conveyors are connected with the first and second connecting elbows 16 and 17 through the first and second elbow flanges 18 respectively, the other ends of the first and second connecting elbows are provided with the third and fourth elbow flanges 19 respectively, the flange rolling bearings 23 and the corresponding inner and outer flange sealing rings 24 are arranged between the third and fourth elbow flanges, the connecting clamps 20 are arranged on the outer edges of the third and fourth elbow flanges, the clamp rolling bearings 21 and the corresponding clamp sealing rings 22 are arranged between the connecting clamps and the third and fourth elbow flanges, the second adjusting oil cylinder 5 is arranged between the first and second screw conveyors, the second screw conveyor 3 is connected with the trumpet variable tube 12 of the scraper panel 8 through the corrugated pipe 10, the second screw conveyor is connected with the lower end of the scraper panel 8 through the third adjusting oil cylinder 6, the scraper panel 8 is provided with a rectangular concrete discharging hole, the left and right adjusting side plates 25 and 26 and the adjusting bottom plate 27 are arranged on the both sides and the lower part of the scraper panel, the left and right adjusting side plates and the adjusting bottom plate are connected with the scraper panel 8 through the first, second and third hinged plates 28, 29 and 30 respectively, the left and right adjusting side plates and the adjusting bottom plate are connected with the second screw conveyor 3 through the first, second and third adjusting chain rods 31 respectively, the adjusting chain rods are adjusting oil cylinders or adjusting air cylinders, the damper 13 is arranged between the scraper panel 8 and the second screw conveyor 3, the projections of the axes of the first and second screw conveyors and the connecting surfaces of the third and fourth elbow flanges on the horizontal plane are three equidistant parallel lines, the projections of the axes of the first and second screw conveyors and the second adjusting oil cylinder form a triangle, the included angle α of the axes of the first and second screw conveyors is 0º~180º, the projections of the axes of the first screw conveyor, the first adjusting oil cylinder 4 and the upper surface of the chassis 7 form a triangle, the included angle δ of the axis of the first screw conveyor and the chassis is 30º~75º, the projection of the axis of the second adjusting oil cylinder 5 on the horizontal plane coincides with the connecting surface of the third and fourth elbow flanges, the first and second supports fixedly connected on the first and second screw conveyors are rotatably connected with the bottom of the oil cylinder and the end of the piston rod by 180º respectively.

[0038] The third and fourth elbow flanges 19 are connected with the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearings 23 respectively.

[0039] The outer rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings 21 are connected with the third and fourth elbow flanges respectively, the clamp 20 is composed of an upper half ring 33 and a lower half ring 34, one connecting end of the upper and lower half rings is connected through a connecting pin 32 by matching through holes, the other connecting end of the upper and lower half rings is connected through a connecting screw 35 and a nut 36 by matching flanges, the inner rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected with the inner walls of the upper half ring 33 and the lower half ring 34 respectively.

[0040] All the adjusting oil cylinders and adjusting chain rods are controlled and operated by electromagnetic valves and electronic devices in the driver's cabin or remote controller.

[0041] The third and fourth elbow flanges 19 are respectively connected with the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearing 23 through buckling.

[0042] The outer rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are respectively connected with the third and fourth elbow flanges through buckling, and the inner rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are respectively connected with the inner walls of the upper half ring 33 and the lower half ring 34 through buckling.

[0043] The application comprises the following components:

[0044] Concrete spiral conveying blades 1 (two, respectively located in two spiral conveying pipes). Located in the concrete spiral conveying pipes 2 and 3, used to convey the concrete to the construction site. The blades are driven by hydraulic power and operated in the driver's cabin or manual remote controller;

[0045] Concrete spiral conveying pipe 2. The pipe diameter is 250mm-300mm, and the spiral conveying blades (component 1 in the drawing) are installed in the pipe to convey the concrete to the construction site;

[0046] Concrete spiral conveying pipe 3. The pipe diameter is 250mm-300mm, and the spiral conveying blades (component 1 in the drawing) are installed in the pipe to convey the concrete to the construction site;

[0047] Adjusting oil cylinder 4. Used to adjust the position and attitude (adjusting angle δ=30º-75º) of the concrete spiral conveying pipe 2; the included angle δ between the axis of the spiral conveying pipe 2 and the chassis 7 is 30º-75º.

[0048] 5, Adjusting oil cylinder 5. Used to adjust the position and attitude (adjusting angle α=0º-180º) of the spiral conveying pipe 3; the included angle α between the axis of the spiral conveying pipe 2 and the spiral conveying pipe 3 is 0º-180º.

[0049] Adjusting angle α=0º-180º) of the spiral conveying pipe 3; the included angle α between the axis of the spiral conveying pipe 2 and the spiral conveying pipe 3 is 0º-180º.

[0050]

[0051] 6, Adjusting oil cylinder 6. Used to adjust the position and attitude (adjusting angle γ=80º-100º) of the scraper;

[0052] 7, Chassis 7. Connected with the traveling mechanism and the spiral conveying pipe 2, can rotate horizontally with the receiving hopper 15 and the spiral conveying pipe 2, used to adjust the position of the spiral conveying pipe 2 and the receiving hopper 15;

[0053] 8, Scraper panel 8. Located at the front end of the spiral conveying pipe 3, used to smooth the concrete;

[0054] ​9. Attached vibrator 9. Installed on the back of the screed panel 8, used to assist in paving concrete and to vibrate and compact the paved concrete;

[0055] 10. Connecting bellows 10. Used to flexibly connect the screw conveyor 2 and the screed panel 8 to adapt to the irregular changes of the supporting rock surface;

[0056] 11. Support leg 11 (4 pieces). Opened before the screw conveyor is put into operation to ensure the stability of the whole device;

[0057] 12. Horn transition pipe 12. Used to gradually change the screw conveyor from a circular pipe with a diameter of 25-30 cm to a rectangular cross-section of 50 cm x 25 (30) cm, and connect with the concrete discharge port of the screed panel 8;

[0058] 13. Damper 13. Used to flexibly connect the screw conveyor 2 and the screed panel 8;

[0059] 14. Screw conveyor support platform 14. Used to support the screw conveyor 2 after the work is completed;

[0060] 15. Receiving hopper 15. Used to receive the concrete delivered from the concrete mixing station. Connected with the chassis 7 and the screw conveyor 2, and can rotate horizontally with the chassis and the receiving hopper;

[0061] 16. Connecting elbow 16. Together with the connecting elbow 17, it connects the screw conveyors 2 and 3. The two elbows are connected by flanges and can rotate flexibly to adjust the posture and position of the screw conveyor;

[0062] 17. Connecting elbow 17. The relevant description is the same as 16;

[0063] 18. Elbow flange 18 (2 pieces). Used to connect the elbow and the screw conveyor;

[0064] 19. Elbow flange 19 (2 pieces). Used to connect the elbows 16 and 17. Rolling bearings and sealing rings are installed in the flanges to ensure that the two flanges can rotate relative to each other, thereby adjusting the posture and position of the screw conveyor;

[0065] 20. Elbow connecting clamp 20. Used to connect the two pieces of elbow flange 19 and ensure that the two flanges can rotate relative to each other, thereby ensuring that the screw conveyor 2 and the screw conveyor 3 can rotate relative to each other, achieving the purpose of adjusting the working posture of the screw conveyor;

[0066] 21. Clamp rolling bearing 21. Installed between the clamp 20 and the elbow flange 19;

[0067] 22. Clamp sealing ring 22 (2 pieces). Installed between the clamp 20 and the elbow flange 19 to prevent foreign matter from entering the bearing;

[0068] 23. Flange rolling bearing 23. Located between two pieces of elbow flange 19;

[0069] 24. Flange sealing ring 24 (2). Installed between two pieces of elbow flange 19 to prevent concrete slurry or external debris from entering the bearing;

[0070] 25. Adjusting side plate 25 (adjusting angle β = 135º ~ 180º);

[0071] 26. Adjusting side plate 26 (adjusting angle β = 135º ~ 180º);

[0072] 27. Adjusting bottom plate 27 (adjusting angle β = 135º ~ 180º);

[0073] 28. Adjusting side plate connecting hinge 28 (2);

[0074] 29. Adjusting side plate connecting hinge 29 (2);

[0075] 30. Adjusting bottom plate connecting hinge 30 (2);

[0076] 31. Side and bottom plate adjusting chain link 31 (4);

[0077] 32. Hoop connecting bolt 32;

[0078] 33. Hoop upper half ring 33;

[0079] 34. Hoop lower half ring 34;

[0080] 35. Hoop connecting screw 35;

[0081] 36. Hoop connecting nut 36.

[0082] The construction steps of the present application are as follows:

[0083] Cleaning of the supported rock surface. In particular, anchor bars and the like beyond the support range are treated to facilitate the positioning of the support machine scraper;

[0084] Positioning of the equipment. The equipment is moved to a suitable position near the work site and the outriggers are opened to ensure the stability and safety of the equipment;

[0085] Opening the concrete delivery pipe, adjusting the position and posture of the delivery pipe and the scraper through the hydraulic oil pump, and adjusting the scraper to the position to be supported;

[0086] Transporting concrete to the receiving hopper. Generally, a concrete mixer truck is used to take concrete from a concrete mixing station and transport it to the work site, and under the command of the on-site operator, the concrete is evenly placed into the receiving hopper as needed;

[0087] The concrete conveying function of the concrete conveying pipe is started, and the concrete is conveyed to the rock surface part needing support. Before formal support, the pipe should be lubricated with proper amount of concrete mortar. According to the concrete filling condition, the scraper is slowly moved along the rock surface. The angle of the side plate or the bottom plate is adjusted in time while moving, and the vibrator is started, so that the concrete is evenly scraped on the rock surface and vibrated to be compacted.

[0088] After the operation is completed, the conveying pipe and the receiving hopper and other parts are cleaned, the conveying pipe is retracted to the support frame, and the supporting legs are retracted.

Claims

1. A concrete support machine, characterized in that, The chassis (7) is freely rotatably connected to the chassis of the walking mechanism. The receiving hopper (15) is fixedly connected to the chassis (7). The first spiral conveying pipe (2) is connected to the chassis through a hinge support and to the chassis through the first adjusting cylinder (4). The first and second spiral conveying pipes are connected to the first connecting elbow (16) and the second connecting elbow (17) respectively through the first and second elbow flanges. The other ends of the first and second connecting elbows are respectively equipped with the third and fourth elbow flanges. The third and fourth elbow flanges are provided with flange rolling bearings (23) and corresponding inner and outer flange sealing rings (24). The outer edges of the third and fourth elbow flanges are provided with connecting clamps (20). The connecting clamps are respectively equipped with clamp rolling bearings (21) and corresponding clamp sealing rings (22) between the third and fourth elbow flanges. The first and second spiral conveying pipes are provided with the second adjusting cylinder (5). The second spiral conveying pipe (3) is connected to the horn-shaped tapered pipe (12) of the scraper panel (8) through a corrugated pipe (10). The second spiral conveying pipe is connected to the lower end of the scraper panel (8) through the third adjusting cylinder (6). The scraper panel (8) has a rectangular concrete discharge hole. Adjustable left adjusting side plate (25), right adjusting side plate (26) and adjusting bottom plate (27) are provided on both sides and the lower part of the scraper panel. The left and right adjusting side plates and the adjusting bottom plate are connected to the scraper panel (8) through the first hinge (28), the second hinge (29) and the third hinge (30) respectively. The left and right adjustment side plates and adjustment base plates are connected to the second spiral conveying pipe (3) through the first, second and third adjustment chains respectively. The adjustment chains are adjustment oil cylinders or adjustment air cylinders. There is a damper (13) between the scraper panel (8) and the second spiral conveying pipe (3). The projection of the axis of the first and second spiral conveying pipes and the connection surface of the third and fourth elbow flanges on the horizontal plane are three equidistant parallel lines. The axis of the first and second spiral conveying pipes and the orthographic projection of the second adjustment oil cylinder form a triangle. The included angle α of the axis of the first and second spiral conveying pipes is 0º~180º. The orthographic projection of the axis of the first spiral conveying pipe, the axis of the first adjustment oil cylinder (4), and the upper part of the chassis (7) is a triangle. The included angle δ of the axis of the first spiral conveying pipe and the chassis is 30º~75º. The axis of the second adjustment oil cylinder (5) and the The projections of the connecting surfaces of the third and fourth elbow flanges on the horizontal plane coincide. The first and second supports fixedly connected to the first and second spiral conveying pipes are rotatably connected to the bottom of the cylinder and the end of the piston rod, respectively. The third and fourth elbow flanges are fixedly connected to the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearing (23), respectively. The outer rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected to the third and fourth elbow flanges, respectively. The clamp (20) is composed of an upper half ring (33) and a lower half ring (34). One connecting end of the upper and lower half rings has a matching through hole connected by a connecting pin (32). The other connecting end of the upper and lower half rings has a matching flange connected by a connecting screw (35) and a nut (36). The inner rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected to the inner walls of the upper half ring (33) and the lower half ring (34), respectively.

2. The concrete support machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, All adjusting cylinders and adjusting chains are controlled via solenoid valves and electronic devices in the cab or on a remote control.

3. The concrete support machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third and fourth elbow flanges are connected to the inner and outer rings of the flange rolling bearing (23) by snap-fit.

4. The concrete support machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected to the third and fourth elbow flanges by snap fasteners, respectively. The inner rings of the first and second clamp rolling bearings are connected to the inner walls of the upper half ring (33) and the lower half ring (34) by snap fasteners, respectively.

Images