A method for preparing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a ceramic casting mold based on a 3D printing technology, wherein a preformed powder is prepared by using an A adhesive, and a casting mold is printed by using the preformed powder and a B adhesive; and after solidification and sintering, the ceramic casting mold prepared by the application has good porosity, collapsibility and high-temperature bending resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength, and the printing head is not blocked during the printing process. The preparation method of the ceramic casting mold based on the 3D printing technology can fundamentally eliminate the problem of A adhesive blocking the printing head, reduce the service life of the printing head, effectively reduce the cost of the ceramic casting mold, shorten the production cycle, effectively improve the porosity, collapsibility and high-temperature stability of the ceramic casting mold, improve the high-temperature bending resistance, tensile strength and compressive strength of the ceramic casting mold, make the ceramic casting mold not deformed during a casting mold forming process, and make the ceramic casting mold not cracked during a casting solidification process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a ceramic casting mold based on a 3D printing technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Precision casting is a process for obtaining precision castings, which can cast castings with complex structures and high requirements for internal cavity structures, and is currently widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like. Alloy precision casting usually uses ceramic molds, cores and the like, and the ceramic mold used for precision casting needs to meet three requirements, that is, the mold needs to have high high-temperature strength, the mold needs to have excellent yield and collapse, and the mold needs to have good dimensional stability. In the traditional precision casting process, the core is usually difficult to position in the mold shell and is difficult to be placed in a suitable position, which affects the production of the castings.

[0003] Binder jetting 3D printing (BJ / 3DP) is an additive manufacturing technology that uses a print head to jet a binder onto a powder bed to selectively bind the powder material together to form a part. Binder jetting printing technology can quickly produce large-size and complex-structure parts without the need for additional support structures, and has high design freedom. Using this technology to print a ceramic mold can realize the preparation of a ceramic mold shell product with complex and fine structures, can save the process of making a wax mold and assembling the wax mold, and can directly prepare a mold shell; the core can also be accurately positioned, and is easy to remove after casting, and has the advantages of low cost and short production cycle.

[0004] In the prior art, a water-soluble silicon-containing binder is usually used to bind the powder of a ceramic mold, and the ceramic mold made of the binder does not react with high-temperature metal liquid during pouring, and has high casting precision and good quality. However, the water-soluble silicon-containing binder is easy to block the nozzle of the print head, and is easy to react with the metal parts in the print head during printing to reduce the service life of the print head; and the ceramic product prepared by the existing binder jetting 3D printing also has the problems of poor porosity and collapse. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a preparation method of a ceramic mold based on a 3D printing technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A preparation method of a ceramic mold based on a 3D printing technology, raw materials including powder, solvent, A binder and B binder;

[0008] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0009] Preparation, after the powder, the solvent and the A binder are uniformly mixed, drying, crushing, screening, the pre-made powder is prepared;

[0010] Printing, the pre-made powder is added to the powder laying device of the 3D printer, the B binder is added to the ink supply device of the 3D printer, and the 3D printer is started to print;

[0011] Curing, the 3D printing work tank is placed in the curing device for curing;

[0012] Powder cleaning and sintering, after the excess powder is removed, the ceramic

[0013] Further, in the preparation step, the A binder is added in an amount of 1-20% of the amount of the powder.

[0014] Further, the powder comprises at least one of quartz powder, white corundum powder, zirconium powder, and aluminum-silicon powder.

[0015] Further, the solvent is water; in the preparation stage, the powder, the solvent and the A binder are mixed using a mixing device, and the solvent at least submerges the powder; and the A binder is a water-soluble silicon-containing binder.

[0016] Further, the water-soluble silicon-containing binder comprises at least one of organic silicon resin, silicon-containing polymer binder, silicon dioxide binder, silica sol, and water glass.

[0017] Further, the B binder is an organic binder.

[0018] Further, the organic binder comprises at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, furan resin, and polyvinyl alcohol resin.

[0019] Further, in the curing step, the curing temperature is 100-300℃, and the curing time is 100-360min.

[0020] Further, in the sintering step, the sintering temperature is 950-1680℃, the heating rate is 2-10℃ / min, and the holding time is 100-600min.

[0021] Further, in the preparation stage, the drying temperature is 100-250℃, and the drying time is 360-1440min.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The application discloses a preparation method of a ceramic mold based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises the following steps: using an A adhesive to preform a powder, and using the preformed powder and a B adhesive to print a mold, so as to fundamentally eliminate the problem of A adhesive blocking a printing head and reducing the service life of the printing head, effectively reduce the cost of the ceramic mold and shorten the production cycle, effectively improve the porosity, collapsibility and high-temperature stability of the ceramic mold, improve the high-temperature bending, tensile and compressive strength of the ceramic mold, and prevent the ceramic mold from deforming in a casting process and cracking in a solidification process of a casting.

[0024] The ceramic mold prepared by the application has good porosity and collapsibility, facilitates demolding after casting, has good chemical and physical stability in a high-temperature state, can directly pour a metal liquid, does not react with the liquid metal, has good high-temperature strength, effectively prevents the mold from cracking and deforming in a pouring process, has high precision and good room-temperature strength, and facilitates transportation and special casting purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] None DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the related embodiments. The embodiments give the preferred embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] The application discloses a preparation method of a ceramic mold based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises the following steps:

[0029] S1, preparation: the powder can include at least one of quartz powder, white corundum powder, zirconium powder, aluminum silicon powder, and the particle size of the powder is preferably 2-200 μm. The binder A can be a water-soluble silicon-containing binder, which preferably includes at least one of an organic silicon resin, a silicon-containing polymer binder, a silicon dioxide binder, a silica sol, and water glass. The binder B can be an organic binder, and the organic matter in the organic binder is completely removed without residue in the subsequent high-temperature stage, without affecting the use of the casting mold for casting production. The organic binder preferably includes at least one of an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a furan resin, and a polyvinyl alcohol resin. The solvent is preferably water.

[0030] S2, powder preparation: the powder, the binder A, and the solvent are added to a ball mill and uniformly mixed. The binder A accounts for 1-20% of the mass of the powder, and the solvent at least submerges the powder, and the solvent is preferably filled in the ball mill tank. The uniformly mixed mixture is taken out of the ball mill and placed in a curing oven or oven for drying, the drying temperature can be 100-250°C, and the drying time can be 360-1440 min. After drying, the dried material is taken out and crushed into powder in a crusher, and the crushed powder is sieved using a 20-1000 mesh sieve to obtain the prepared powder.

[0031] S3, printing: the prepared powder is added to the powder laying device of the 3D printer, and the binder B is added to the ink supply device of the 3D printer. The printing layer thickness is set to 40-500 μm, the printing nozzle sprays the binder B on the forming surface of the work tank according to the software analysis of the part layer section, and then the forming surface of the work tank is lowered by one layer, the powder laying device is re-powdered, the printing nozzle sprays the binder B again, and the above steps are repeated until the 3D printing is completed. It should be noted that the mass fraction of the binder B accounts for 1-20% of the mass of the ceramic casting mold.

[0032] S4, curing: after printing, the work tank is placed in a curing oven or oven for curing, the curing temperature can be 100-300°C, and the curing time can be 100-360 min.

[0033] S5, powder cleaning: after curing, the excess powder is removed to obtain the ceramic casting mold.

[0034] S6, sintering: the ceramic casting mold is sintered at high temperature in a sintering furnace to further strengthen the ceramic casting mold, wherein the sintering temperature can be 950-1680°C, the heating rate can be 2-10°C / min, and the holding time can be 100-600 min.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A method for preparing a ceramic casting mold based on 3D printing technology, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1, preparation: 50 μm quartz powder, furan resin, silicone resin and water.

[0038] S2, powder preparation: the quartz powder, silicone resin and water are added to the ball mill and uniformly mixed. The silicone resin accounts for 10% of the mass of the quartz powder, and the solvent fills the ball mill tank. The uniformly mixed mixture is taken out of the ball mill and placed in a curing oven or oven for drying, with a drying temperature of 120°C and a drying time of 1080 min. After drying, the dried material is taken out and crushed into powder in a crusher. The crushed powder is sieved using a 500-800 mesh sieve to obtain the prepared powder.

[0039] S3, printing: the prepared powder is added to the powder laying device of the 3D printer, and the furan resin is added to the ink supply device of the 3D printer. The printing layer thickness range is set to 50 μm. The printing nozzle sprays the furan resin on the forming surface of the work tank according to the software analysis of the part layer section, and then the work tank forming surface is lowered by one layer, the powder laying device is re-powdered, and the printing nozzle sprays the furan resin again. Repeat the above steps until the 3D printing is completed. It should be noted that the mass fraction of furan resin in the ceramic mold in this embodiment is 10%.

[0040] S4, curing: after printing, the work tank is placed in a curing oven or oven for curing, with a curing temperature of 100°C and a curing time of 360 min.

[0041] S5, powder cleaning: after curing, the excess powder is removed to obtain the ceramic mold.

[0042] S6, sintering: the ceramic mold is sintered at high temperature in a sintering furnace to further strengthen the ceramic mold, wherein the sintering temperature is 1500°C, the heating rate is 4°C / min, and the holding time is 400 min.

[0043] The ceramic mold (after sintering) prepared in this embodiment has good porosity, collapsibility and high temperature bending, tensile and compressive strength, and the printing head is not blocked during printing.

[0044] Example Two

[0045] A method for preparing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1, preparation: 100 μm white corundum powder, zircon powder mixed powder with a mass ratio of 1:1, polyvinyl alcohol resin, silica sol and water.

[0047] S2, powder preparation: the white corundum powder, zirconium powder, silica sol and water are added into the ball mill for uniform mixing. The silica sol accounts for 15% of the mass of the mixed powder, and the solvent fills the ball mill tank. The uniformly mixed mixture is taken out of the ball mill and placed in a curing oven or oven for drying, and the drying temperature is 150℃, and the drying time is 720min. After drying, the dried material is taken out and placed in a crusher to be crushed into powder. The crushed powder is sieved with a 140-300 mesh sieve to obtain the prepared powder.

[0048] S3, printing: the prepared powder is added to the powder laying device of the 3D printer, and the polyvinyl alcohol resin is added to the ink supply device of the 3D printer. The printing layer thickness range is set to 200μm, the printing nozzle sprays the polyvinyl alcohol resin on the forming surface of the work tank according to the part layer section analyzed by the software, and then the forming surface of the work tank is lowered by one layer, the powder laying device is re-powdered, and the printing nozzle sprays the polyvinyl alcohol resin again. Repeat the above steps until the 3D printing is completed. It should be noted that the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol resin in the ceramic mold in this embodiment is 20%.

[0049] S4, curing: after printing, the work tank is placed in a curing oven or oven for curing, and the curing temperature is 250℃, and the curing time can be 350min.

[0050] S5, powder cleaning: after curing, the excess powder is removed to obtain the ceramic mold.

[0051] S6, sintering: the ceramic mold is sintered at high temperature in a sintering furnace to further strengthen the ceramic mold, wherein the sintering temperature is 1450℃, the heating rate is 8℃ / min, and the holding time is 450min.

[0052] The ceramic mold (after sintering) prepared in this embodiment has good porosity, collapsibility and high temperature bending, tensile and compressive strength, and the printing head is not blocked during printing.

[0053] The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for producing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology, characterized in that, The raw materials include a powder, a solvent, an A binder and a B binder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: Preparation, the powder, the solvent and the A binder are uniformly mixed, dried, crushed, screened and prepared into a pre-prepared powder; Printing, the pre-prepared powder is added into a powder laying device of a 3D printer, the B binder is added into an ink supply device of the 3D printer, and the 3D printer is started to print; Curing, the 3D printing work tank is placed in a curing device to be cured; Powder cleaning and sintering, the excess powder is removed, and the ceramic casting is prepared after sintering; The powder comprises at least one of quartz powder, white corundum powder, zirconium powder and aluminum-silicon powder; The A binder is a water-soluble silicon-containing binder; The B binder is an organic binder.

2. The method for preparing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the preparation step, the A binder is added in an amount of 1-20% of the amount of the powder.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the ceramic mold is prepared by a 3D printing technique. The solvent is water; In the preparation step, the powder, the solvent and the A binder are mixed by using a mixing device, and the solvent at least submerges the powder.

4. The method for producing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water-soluble silicon-containing binder comprises at least one of organic silicon resin, silicon-containing polymer binder, silicon dioxide binder, silica sol and water glass.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the ceramic mold is prepared by a 3D printing technique. The organic binder comprises at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, furan resin and polyvinyl alcohol resin.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the ceramic mold is prepared by a 3D printing technique. In the curing step, the curing temperature is 100-300℃, and the curing time is 100-360 min.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ceramic mold is prepared by a 3D printing technique. In the sintering step, the sintering temperature is 950-1680℃, the heating rate is 2-10℃ / min, and the holding time is 100-600 min.

8. The method for producing a ceramic mold based on 3D printing technology according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, In the preparation step, the drying temperature is 100-250℃, and the drying time is 360-1440 min.