A method for preparing porous aluminum alloy composite material

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of porous metal technology, and in particular to a porous metal composite material and a preparation method thereof. The porous aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following raw materials: wood powder, aluminum alloy powder, silicon-silicon carbide composite powder and titanium hydride powder, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following steps: (1) taking aluminum powder and silicon-silicon carbide composite powder and heating and melting them to form an alloy liquid; (2) using an aerosol method to prepare the alloy liquid into alloy powder; (3) mixing the alloy powder, titanium hydride powder and wood powder and compacting them and then burning them in air. The finally obtained porous aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high porosity (50%-70%). After the titanium hydride powder is heated and expanded and the wood powder is burned in air, different pore structures are formed, thereby a porous aluminum alloy composite material with good mechanical properties and multi-level porosity can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of porous metals, and in particular to a porous aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Porous materials are materials with many holes inside and on the surface. In recent years, porous materials have achieved rapid development at home and abroad. The most notable feature of porous materials is that they have the advantages of low density, good air permeability, large specific surface area, and large adsorption capacity.

[0003] Among the many porous materials, porous metals, in addition to their advantages such as low density, large specific surface area, and controllable porosity, also possess properties not found in porous non-metallic materials, such as high-temperature resistance, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, biocompatibility, and superior mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Consequently, porous metals have garnered significant attention and widespread application in many traditional and emerging fields, including construction, metallurgy, petrochemicals, aerospace, medicine, medical implants, atomic energy, and brewing.

[0004] Compared with other materials, the characteristics of porous alumina mean that when processing porous alumina into products of specific shapes, it is necessary to cut the porous alumina, which easily destroys its porous properties and does not have good processability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a porous aluminum alloy composite material. The composite material formed by combining aluminum alloy powder with wood powder has excellent processability, does not require the porous metal powder to be remelted, and the obtained composite material has both the macroscopic pores after titanium hydride expansion and the microscopic pores after wood powder calcination, and also has good mechanical properties. Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the porous metal composite material, which is simple and efficient and is conducive to industrial production.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A porous aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] aluminum powder share

[0009] Wood flour share

[0010] Silicon-silicon carbide composite powder share

[0011] 0.15 parts of titanium hydride powder;

[0012] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following steps:

[0013] (1) By weight : Aluminum powder and silicon-silicon carbide composite powder are weighed in a ratio of 1:1 and 2:1, and heated and melted under a nitrogen protection range to form an alloy liquid;

[0014] (2) using gas atomization to convert alloy liquid into alloy powder;

[0015] (3) By weight The alloy powder, titanium hydride powder and wood powder are mixed and compacted in a ratio of , and then burned in air to obtain the porous aluminum alloy material.

[0016] The preparation mechanism of the porous aluminum alloy material of the present invention is as follows: the melting point of aluminum is about 660°C, the melting point of silicon is about 1414°C, and the melting point of silicon carbide is about 2700°C. During the heating and melting process, silicon and aluminum are melted into liquid, and carbon fiber exists in the alloy liquid in a solid form. Then, during the atomization process, silicon and aluminum are solidified again to form alloy powder. Titanium hydride powder and wood powder are added and compacted, and then burned in air. Titanium hydride releases hydrogen to form bubbles inside the material. During the burning process, as the wood powder is burned and removed, the remaining biomass structure pores with the wood powder as a template further improve the porosity of the aluminum alloy composite material. In addition, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the alloy powder during the burning process, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the alloy powder. The porous metal powder finally obtained has the characteristics of high porosity (50%-70%). After the titanium hydride powder is thermally expanded and the wood powder is burned in the air, different pore structures are present inside the porous aluminum alloy composite material, thereby obtaining a porous aluminum alloy composite material with good mechanical properties and multi-level pores including biomass template pores.

[0017] Wherein, the particle size of the wood powder is By controlling the particle size of wood powder, the pore formation after wood powder combustion and the distribution of wood powder in the alloy powder can be improved, which is conducive to the formation of sparse and porous aluminum alloy composite materials after burning.

[0018] Wherein, in said step (1), the temperature of heating and melting is .

[0019] The specific conditions of the gas atomization method are as follows: the atomizing medium is argon gas, and the air flow pressure of the atomizing medium is , the flow rate of the alloy liquid is Controlling the specific conditions of the gas atomization method can control the particle size, surface morphology and other properties of the generated alloy powder. The resulting alloy powder has a uniform morphology, which is beneficial to the subsequent compaction and calcination treatment.

[0020] Wherein, in said step (3), the specific operation of burning is: using The alloy powder is burned by flame for a period of time. The burning temperature used can moderately soften the aluminum in the aluminum-nickel alloy, allowing titanium hydride to expand smoothly, the wood powder to burn more completely, and the generated gas to escape easily, expanding the formed pore size and leaving more passages, thereby achieving a higher porosity.

[0021] Wherein, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder is Head.

[0022] The wood powder is at least one of 120-mesh wood powder, 150-mesh wood powder, 180-mesh wood powder, and 200-mesh wood powder. Preferably, the wood powder is composed of 120-mesh wood powder with a 2% moisture content and 200-mesh wood powder with a 2% moisture content in a 1:1 weight ratio. This wood powder exhibits excellent dispersibility and pore connectivity, allowing it to be fully dispersed within the porous aluminum alloy compact. Upon firing, it forms a porous aluminum alloy composite material with superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

[0023] The silicon-silicon carbide composite powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.9%, and is composed of silicon powder and silicon carbide powder in a weight ratio of 3:1.

[0024] The titanium hydride powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.5%.

[0025] The preparation method of the porous aluminum alloy composite material as described above includes the following steps: taking silicon-silicon carbide composite powder and aluminum alloy powder, mixing and dispersing them, then adding them together with wood powder and titanium hydride powder into a screw press for compaction at room temperature, cooling and pelletizing, and then calcining to obtain the porous metal composite material.

[0026] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the preparation mechanism of the porous aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention is as follows: the melting point of aluminum is about 660°C, the melting point of silicon is about 1414°C, and the melting point of silicon carbide is about 2700°C. During the heating and melting process, silicon and aluminum are melted into liquid, and carbon fiber exists in the alloy liquid in a solid form. Then, during the atomization process, silicon and aluminum are solidified again to form alloy powder. After adding titanium hydride powder and wood powder and compacting, the material is burned in the air, and titanium hydride releases hydrogen to form bubbles inside the material. During the burning process, as the wood powder is burned and removed, the biomass structure pores with the wood powder as a template are left, which further improve the porosity of the aluminum alloy composite material. In addition, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the alloy powder during the burning process, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the alloy powder. The porous metal powder finally obtained has the characteristics of high porosity (50%-70%). After the titanium hydride powder is thermally expanded and the wood powder is burned in the air, different pore structures are present inside the porous aluminum alloy composite material, thereby obtaining a porous aluminum alloy composite material with good mechanical properties and multi-level pores including biomass template pores. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the macro porous alloy obtained in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the pores of the porous alloy biomass template obtained in Example 1; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A porous aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0032] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Weighing aluminum powder and silicon-silicon carbide composite powder in a weight ratio of 80:20, heating and melting them, and heating and melting them under nitrogen protection to form an alloy liquid;

[0034] (2) using gas atomization to convert alloy liquid into alloy powder;

[0035] (3) The alloy powder, titanium hydride powder and wood powder are mixed and compacted in a weight ratio of 90:0.15:1, and then burned in air to obtain the porous aluminum alloy material.

[0036] Wherein, in the step (1), the heating and melting temperature is 1550°C.

[0037] The specific conditions of the gas atomization method are as follows: the atomizing medium is argon, the air flow pressure of the atomizing medium is 1.6 MPa, and the flow rate of the alloy liquid is 0.8 kg / min.

[0038] Wherein, in the step (3), the specific operation of burning is: using a flame at 500° C. to burn the alloy powder for 4 minutes.

[0039] Wherein, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder is 250 mesh.

[0040] The wood powder is composed of 120-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% and 200-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0041] The silicon-silicon carbide composite powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.9%, and is composed of silicon powder and silicon carbide powder in a weight ratio of 3:1.

[0042] The titanium hydride powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.5%. The method for preparing the porous metal composite material comprises the following steps: mixing and dispersing silicon-silicon carbide composite powder and aluminum alloy powder, adding the mixture together with wood powder and titanium hydride powder in a screw press, compacting the mixture at room temperature, cooling and pelletizing the mixture, and then calcining the mixture to obtain the porous metal composite material.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A porous aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0045] The method for preparing the aluminum alloy powder comprises the following steps:

[0046] (1) Weighing aluminum powder and silicon-silicon carbide composite powder in a weight ratio of 90:10, heating and melting them, and heating and melting them under nitrogen protection to form an alloy liquid;

[0047] (2) using gas atomization to convert alloy liquid into alloy powder;

[0048] (3) The alloy powder, titanium hydride powder and wood powder are mixed and compacted in a weight ratio of 90:0.15:2, and then burned in air to obtain the porous aluminum alloy material.

[0049] Wherein, in the step (1), the heating and melting temperature is 1600°C.

[0050] The specific conditions of the gas atomization method are as follows: the atomizing medium is argon, the air flow pressure of the atomizing medium is 1.8 MPa, and the flow rate of the alloy liquid is 0.8 kg / min.

[0051] Wherein, in the step (3), the specific operation of burning is: using a flame at 600° C. to burn the alloy powder for 4 minutes.

[0052] Wherein, the particle size of the aluminum alloy powder is 250 mesh.

[0053] The wood powder is composed of 120-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% and 200-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0054] The silicon-silicon carbide composite powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.9%, and is composed of silicon powder and silicon carbide powder in a weight ratio of 3:1.

[0055] The titanium hydride powder has a particle size of 350 mesh and a purity of 99.5%. The method for preparing the porous metal composite material comprises the following steps: mixing and dispersing silicon-silicon carbide composite powder and aluminum alloy powder, adding the mixture together with wood powder and titanium hydride powder in a screw press, compacting the mixture at room temperature, cooling and pelletizing the mixture, and then calcining the mixture to obtain the porous metal composite material.

Claims

1. A porous aluminum alloy composite material, the preparation method of which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: aluminum powder, silicon-silicon carbide composite powder, wood powder, and titanium hydride powder; the wood powder is composed of 120-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% and 200-mesh wood powder with a moisture content of 2% in a weight ratio of 1:1; the silicon powder and silicon carbide powder in the silicon-silicon carbide composite powder are both 350-mesh in particle size and 99.9% in purity, and are composed in a weight ratio of 3:1; the titanium hydride powder is 350-mesh in particle size and 99.5% in purity; and the titanium hydride powder is weighed in a weight ratio of 90:

10. The aluminum powder and the silicon-silicon carbide composite powder are heated and melted at 1600° C. under nitrogen protection to form an alloy liquid, and the alloy liquid is made into alloy powder using a gas atomization method. The atomization medium is argon gas, the air flow pressure of the atomization medium is 1.8 MPa, and the flow rate of the alloy liquid is 0.8 kg / min. The aluminum alloy: titanium hydride powder: wood powder are mixed and dispersed in a weight ratio of 90:0.15:2 and added together into a screw press for room temperature compaction, cooling and pelletizing, and calcining at 600° C. to obtain the porous aluminum alloy composite material.

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