Composite transfer beam structure and construction method for facilitating the development of depot overpasses

Abstract

This invention discloses a composite transfer beam structure for easy development of depot superstructures, comprising a superstructure beam, a composite transfer beam, structural columns, at least two superstructure columns, column head reinforcement, and shear reinforcement. Column head reinforcement is pre-installed on the superstructure columns. The ends of the composite transfer beam are connected to adjacent superstructure columns via the column head reinforcement. Shear reinforcement is pre-installed on the ends of the superstructure beam. The composite transfer beam is connected above the superstructure beam via the shear reinforcement and column head reinforcement. The structural columns are connected above the composite transfer beam. This invention not only meets the requirements for subsequent development structures to connect with the superstructure over a relatively long time span, but also possesses strong seismic resistance. It also offers advantages such as convenient construction, high construction quality, low construction cost, low cost of superstructure pre-installation works, and flexible arrangement of the upper columns to meet the needs of later subway superstructure development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction technology, specifically to a composite transfer beam structure and construction method for facilitating the development of vehicle depot roofs. Background Technology

[0002] Based on the current requirements of urban subway development, the rational development of the space above subway depots and the full exploitation of urban land value will become a key focus of subway development. Currently, many cities are vigorously constructing underground rail transit to alleviate pressure on public transportation, extend the city's infrastructure, and coordinate the development of surrounding areas. Single-level subway depots, built to support subway operation, parking, and maintenance, play a crucial role in subway development and require significant land. Therefore, it is essential to utilize the vast space above subway depots for residential, commercial, and other development projects, making full use of urban land.

[0003] However, in the subsequent development of subway vehicle superstructures, there are common problems. For example, when the superstructure is being constructed, the planned development above it is only in the conceptual stage and not yet fully determined. Several years later, the superstructure buildings may have undergone drastic changes, rendering the original design's provisions inapplicable and hindering the creation of new designs and products. Forcing the implementation of new designs and products would necessitate extensive reinforcement work, impacting subway operations and significantly increasing project costs and construction complexity.

[0004] The current state of the technology is as follows:

[0005] Option 1: Consider the conditions for superstructure development on the foundation and columns of the depot, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the reserved column head reinforcement can meet the large adjustment requirements of the superstructure design. However, in the superstructure design, the installation of a transfer beam within the soil cover results in a short column 14 in the transfer layer, which is extremely unfavorable for seismic resistance. When the transfer beam needs to form a composite beam with the superstructure beam 1, reinforcement 15 is required at their interface, leading to high construction costs, construction difficulties, and difficulty in ensuring construction quality for the superstructure development. The composite beam after combination has a large cross-section, making it difficult to meet the requirements of reinforcement ratio, structural requirements, and the concept of "strong column, weak beam".

[0006] Option 2, considering the conditions for superstructure development in the foundation, columns, and top cover beams of the depot, involves reserving column head reinforcement and using the top cover beams connected to the composite beams via stirrups. To accommodate the possibility of significant adjustments to the superstructure plan, the top cover beams need to account for the superstructure load, leading to high construction costs and consequently higher land transfer prices. The reserved stirrups for the top cover beams require a concrete protective layer before superstructure development, resulting in a large amount of pre-reserved work. The protrusions of these stirrups affect the waterproofing construction, effectiveness, and drainage of the roof slab. During superstructure development, the excavation of the stirrup protective layer during composite beam construction severely impacts the integrity and continuity of the roof waterproofing layer. Considering the height of the composite beams, the reinforcement design of the top cover beams must be based on the estimated composite beam cross-section to meet relevant structural requirements, further increasing construction costs and making it difficult to meet the "strong column, weak beam" principle.

[0007] Option 3 considers the conditions for superstructure development in the foundation, columns, and upper cover beams of the depot. The upper cover beams are designed with pre-reserved vertical and anti-slip reinforcement for the column piers. The pre-reserved column pier dimensions are specific to allow for adjustments to the superstructure columns. However, the superstructure buildings may have undergone significant changes in a few years. Adjustments within the column pier limits would severely restrict the scope, scale, and design of the superstructure development, reducing its value and hindering land sales. Each pre-reserved column pier on the upper cover requires a transfer beam for support. This transfer beam must bear both the load of the superstructure building and the soil load on the cover. The tall transfer beams would affect the height of the lower floors and result in a cluttered and difficult-to-design layout for the upper cover beams. Forcibly implementing this new option and product would require extensive rebar reinforcement, impacting subway operations and significantly increasing project costs and construction difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a composite transfer beam structure and construction method that facilitates the development of depot superstructures. This structure not only meets the requirements for connecting subsequent development structures with the superstructure over a relatively long time span, but also possesses strong seismic resistance. Furthermore, it offers advantages such as convenient construction, high construction quality, low construction cost, low cost of pre-reserved superstructure engineering, and flexible arrangement of upper columns to meet the needs of later subway superstructure development.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A composite transfer beam structure for easy development of a depot roof includes a top cover beam, a composite transfer beam, structural columns, at least two top cover columns, column head reinforcement, and shear reinforcement. The column head reinforcement is pre-installed on the top cover columns. The end of the composite transfer beam is connected to an adjacent top cover column via the column head reinforcement. The shear reinforcement is pre-installed on the beam end of the top cover beam. The composite transfer beam is connected above the top cover beam via the shear reinforcement and column head reinforcement. The structural columns are connected above the composite transfer beam.

[0011] Furthermore, the column head reinforcement is higher than the top surface of the upper cover slab and is protected with low-strength concrete.

[0012] Furthermore, a connecting layer is provided between the upper cover beam and the composite transfer beam, and end overlapping areas are provided at both ends of the connecting layer. Grooves and shear reinforcement are provided in the end overlapping areas, and the shear reinforcement is protected by low-strength concrete.

[0013] Furthermore, the shear reinforcement is perpendicular to the end face of the upper cover column, and the shear reinforcement is arrayed along the edge direction of the upper cover beam. The number of shear reinforcements in each column is greater than or equal to two. The number of shear reinforcements in adjacent columns is unequal and they are staggered on the beam end plane of the upper cover beam. A groove is provided between adjacent columns of shear reinforcements. The center line of the groove is parallel to the end face of the upper cover column and perpendicular to the edge of the upper cover beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the connection layer has a hollow structure between the overlapping areas at both ends.

[0015] A construction method for the aforementioned composite transfer beam structure for facilitating the development of depot roofs includes the following steps:

[0016] When constructing the top cover column, a column head steel bar is reserved at its top to form a hollow reserved column head;

[0017] When constructing the top cover beam, shear reinforcement is reserved at both ends of its top surface to form an end overlap zone;

[0018] Before constructing the composite transfer beam, construction preparations should be carried out to expose the reserved column head reinforcement and shear reinforcement.

[0019] Further construction of composite transfer beams and building structural columns.

[0020] Furthermore, the process of forming a hollow reserved column head by rebar specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S11. When constructing the upper cover column, before the initial setting of the concrete of the upper cover column, insert column head steel bars around the top surface of the upper cover column, with the ends of the column head steel bars higher than the top surface of the upper cover slab.

[0022] S12. After the concrete at the top of the upper cover column reaches the first predetermined strength, several fixing stirrups are set at the column head reinforcement.

[0023] S13. Install inner and outer column formwork at the column head reinforcement, pour low-strength concrete to form a hollow reserved column head with a certain wall thickness.

[0024] Furthermore, the reserved shear reinforcement to form the end overlapping area specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S21. When constructing the upper cover beam, before the concrete of the upper cover beam initially sets, place several wooden strips at certain intervals on both ends of the surface of the upper cover beam to form a groove in the end overlapping area. At the same time, insert several rows of shear reinforcement bars at equal intervals along the edge direction of the upper cover beam. The shear reinforcement bars are spaced apart from the wooden strips.

[0026] S22. When the concrete strength reaches the second predetermined strength, remove the wooden strips, install formwork on the end overlapping area, pour low-strength concrete, and form the end overlapping area composed of grooves and shear reinforcement.

[0027] Furthermore, the construction preparation includes the following steps:

[0028] Remove the low-strength concrete cover at the column head reinforcement and shear reinforcement to expose the reserved column head reinforcement, shear reinforcement, and solid concrete surface and groove. Use manual chiseling to create a rough surface with a difference of not less than 6mm at the interface between the old and new concrete. Then clean it with a high-pressure water gun to ensure that the interface can effectively transfer horizontal shear force and improve the overall bending bearing capacity.

[0029] Furthermore, the construction of the composite transfer beams and structural columns includes the following steps:

[0030] S41. Use templates or polystyrene boards as bottom molds in hollow structures to support the formation of composite transfer beams;

[0031] S42. Tie the longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups of the beam in the end composite area. The longitudinal reinforcement is anchored in the column head reinforcement. Install the beam side formwork of the composite transfer beam.

[0032] S43. Accurately position the building structural columns and insert longitudinal steel bars, ensuring that the longitudinal steel bars meet the anchorage length requirements;

[0033] S44. After the acceptance work is completed, pour concrete, vibrate, and cure to form a composite transfer beam.

[0034] S45. Further construction of building structural columns.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. In the present invention, column head steel bars are reserved on the top of the upper cover plate column and shear steel bars are reserved at both ends of the upper cover plate beam surface, which can meet the needs of large changes in the development and construction scheme of the cover plate.

[0037] 2. This invention features an end-overlapping area that forms a column head reinforcement zone with the column head portion on the upper cover plate column. This ensures the realization of the concepts of "strong column-weak beam" and "strong node-weak member," widens the column cross-section of the column head portion in the column head reinforcement zone of the transfer layer, avoids the formation of short columns, and improves the seismic performance of the structure. At the same time, the column head reinforcement zone effectively reduces the span of the transfer beam, controls deformation, reduces beam height, and eliminates the need for reinforcement treatment with rebar, saving construction costs.

[0038] 3. The stress distribution of the upper cover beam and the composite transfer beam is clearly defined in this invention. The soil load on the upper cover is borne by the upper cover beam, and the load on the upper building structure columns is borne by the composite transfer beam. Only the upper load conditions need to be considered at the vehicle depot foundation and the upper cover column, which simplifies the design of the reserved conditions.

[0039] 4. The upper cover beam of this invention does not need to consider the load conditions of the upper structure. Only the shear reinforcement and the load conditions of the foundation and upper cover column are reserved at the end of the upper cover beam. This greatly reduces the amount of reserved work, saves the cost of the upper cover project, and the construction is simple and convenient, with obvious economic benefits.

[0040] 5. In this invention, a certain length of shear-resistant steel bars are reserved at the beam end of the upper cover plate and covered and protected with low-strength concrete. The protrusion is limited to the beam end, so the impact on the waterproof layer of the upper cover plate and the roof drainage is small. When the upper cover is developed, the removal of the waterproof layer and concrete protection at the beam end is also limited to the beam end, and the damage to the waterproof layer is small, thus ensuring the integrity and continuity of the waterproof layer.

[0041] 6. The present invention has a hollow structure between the composite transfer beam and the upper cover beam, which can accommodate the passage of some equipment pipelines. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 The elevation view of the transfer beam after the implementation of the existing technical solution 1;

[0044] Figure 2 The elevation view of the composite beam with rebar anchoring is used in the existing technical solution 1 when the transfer beam does not meet the bearing capacity requirements.

[0045] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a top view of the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a front view of the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper cover plate column structure in the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 8 CC section view;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the end overlapping area structure in the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the column head reinforcement zone in the composite transfer beam structure of the present invention.

[0054] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Top cover beam; 2. Composite transfer beam; 4. Structural column; 5. Top cover column; 6. Column head reinforcement; 7. Shear reinforcement; 8. End composite zone; 9. Groove; 10. Top cover slab; 11. Composite transfer beam mid-span bottom reinforcement and anchor reinforcement composite zone; 12. Connecting beam; 13. Hollow structure; 14. Short column; 15. Rebar anchoring; 16. Transfer beam; 17. Column head portion. Detailed Implementation

[0055] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be used interchangeably where appropriate for the embodiments of the invention described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0058] like Figures 3 to 11 As shown, a composite transfer beam structure that facilitates the development of a vehicle depot cover includes a cover beam 1, a composite transfer beam 2, a building structure column 4, at least two cover columns 5, column head reinforcement 6, and shear reinforcement 7.

[0059] The upper cover beam 1 is the supporting beam for the upper cover of the subway depot; the building structure column 4 is the building structure column for the development on the cover; the upper cover column 5 is the supporting column for the upper cover of the subway depot; the column head reinforcement 6 is the column head reinforcement of the upper cover.

[0060] The upper cover column 5 has a reserved column head steel bar 6. The end of the composite transfer beam 2 is connected to the adjacent upper cover column 5 through the column head steel bar 6. The beam end of the upper cover beam 1 has a reserved shear steel bar 7. The composite transfer beam 2 is connected to the upper cover beam 1 through the shear steel bar 7 and the column head steel bar 6. The building structure column 4 is connected to the upper cover beam 2.

[0061] The cover column 5 is connected to the composite transfer beam 2. Both the composite transfer beam 2 and the upper cover beam 1 rest on the cover column 5. The cover column 5 is used to support the composite transfer beam 2 and the upper cover beam 1.

[0062] The cap plate column 5 has pre-reserved column head reinforcement 6, and the upper cap plate beam 1 has pre-reserved shear reinforcement 7 at the beam end.

[0063] The composite transfer beam 2 is connected to the upper cover beam 1 by shear reinforcement 7. The composite transfer beam 2 and the upper cover beam 1 are connected at the beam ends, and the composite transfer beam 2 is located above the upper cover beam 1.

[0064] The end of the composite transfer beam 2 is connected to the cover column 5 via column head reinforcement 6.

[0065] The building structural column 4 is connected to the composite transfer beam 2. The building structural column 4 is located above the composite transfer beam 2, and the composite transfer beam 2 is used to support the building structural column 4.

[0066] Furthermore, the column head reinforcement 6 is higher than the top surface of the upper cover slab 10 and is protected with low-strength concrete.

[0067] Furthermore, a connecting layer is provided between the upper cover beam 1 and the composite transfer beam 2, and end overlapping areas 8 are provided at both ends of the connecting layer. The connecting layer and the space between the end overlapping areas 8 at both ends are hollow structures.

[0068] The end overlapping area 8 is provided with a groove 9 and a shear reinforcement 7, which is protected by low-strength concrete.

[0069] The shear reinforcement 7 is perpendicular to the end face of the upper cover column 5. The shear reinforcement 7 is arranged in an array along the edge direction of the upper cover beam 1. The number of shear reinforcement 7 in each column is greater than or equal to two. The number of shear reinforcement 7 in two adjacent columns is not equal and their projection positions on the beam end plane of the upper cover beam 1 do not coincide, that is, the projection positions are misaligned. A groove 9 is provided between two adjacent columns of shear reinforcement 7. The center line of the groove 9 is parallel to the end face of the upper cover column 5 and perpendicular to the edge of the upper cover beam 1.

[0070] The connecting beam 12 is used to tie the structural columns of the building, balance the bending moment at the bottom of the column and transfer the horizontal shear force.

[0071] A construction method for a composite transfer beam structure developed for easy depot roofing includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. When constructing the upper cover column 5, a column head steel bar 6 is reserved at its top to form a hollow reserved column head;

[0073] Further, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0074] S11. When constructing the upper cover column 5, before the concrete of the upper cover column 5 has initially set, insert column head steel bars 6 around the top surface of the upper cover column 5, with the end of the reserved steel bars 6 being higher than the upper cover floor slab 10.

[0075] S12. After the concrete at the top of the upper cover column 5 has set and reached the first predetermined strength, several fixing stirrups are set at the column head reinforcement 6 to serve as temporary fixation.

[0076] S13. Install the inner and outer column formwork at the column head reinforcement 6, pour low-strength concrete to form a hollow reserved column head with a certain wall thickness; the installation of the inner and outer column formwork and the pouring of low-strength concrete are used to protect the column head reinforcement 6 and reduce the difficulty of excavating concrete during the upper development; forming a reserved column head can reduce the amount of reserved work and the amount of concrete excavation work.

[0077] S2. When constructing the upper cover beam 1, shear reinforcement 7 is reserved at both ends of its top surface to form the end overlapping area 8;

[0078] Further, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0079] S21. During the construction of the upper cover beam 1, before the initial setting of the concrete of the upper cover beam 1, several wooden strips are placed at certain intervals in the end overlapping area 8 at both ends of the surface of the upper cover beam 1. The wooden strips are coated with a release agent to form grooves 9 in the end overlapping area 8, which is beneficial to the shear force transfer of the beam end of the overlapping beam 2, ensuring that the beam ends of the upper cover beam 1 and the overlapping beam 2 are subjected to the same force, forming a reinforcement area for the reserved column head. At the same time, several rows of shear-resistant steel bars 7 are inserted at equal intervals along the edge direction of the upper cover beam 1. The shear-resistant steel bars 7 are spaced apart from the wooden strips. The shear-resistant steel bars 7 play a role in shear resistance and ties at the overlapping surface.

[0080] S22. When the concrete strength reaches the second predetermined strength, the second predetermined strength is 1 N / mm². 2 Remove the wooden strips and install templates on the end overlapping area 8, pour low-strength concrete to form the groove 9 and the shear reinforcement 7 reinforcement protective layer, reduce the difficulty of excavating concrete during the upper development, and combine them to form the end overlapping area.

[0081] S3. Before constructing the composite transfer beam 2, construction preparations should be carried out to expose the reserved column head steel bars 6 and shear steel bars 7.

[0082] Further, step S3 includes the following steps:

[0083] Remove the low-strength concrete cover at the column head reinforcement 6 and shear reinforcement 7 to expose the reserved column head reinforcement 6, shear reinforcement 7, and solid concrete surface and groove 9. Use manual chiseling to create a rough surface with a difference of not less than 6mm at the interface between the old and new concrete. Then clean it with a high-pressure water gun to ensure that the interface can effectively transfer horizontal shear force and improve the overall bending bearing capacity.

[0084] S4. Further construction of composite transfer beam 2 and building structural column 4;

[0085] Further, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0086] S41. Use templates or polystyrene boards as bottom molds in the hollow structure to support the formation of the composite transfer beam 2. Polystyrene boards are used when the space between the composite transfer beam 2 and the upper cover beam 1 is small, reducing the difficulty of using templates.

[0087] S42. Tie the longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups of the beam in the end composite area 8. The longitudinal reinforcement is anchored in the column head reinforcement 6. Install the beam side formwork of the composite transfer beam 2.

[0088] S43. Accurately position and insert longitudinal steel bars in structural column 4 of the building, ensuring that the longitudinal steel bars meet the anchorage length.

[0089] S44. After the acceptance work is completed, pour concrete, vibrate, and cure to form composite transfer beam 2.

[0090] S45, Further construction of building structural columns 4.

[0091] In the later stages of development, the upper columns are supported within the composite transfer beams, with concrete poured on-site. When the upper columns are located outside the composite transfer beam area, secondary beams are used for transfer, with the upper columns supported by these secondary beams, which in turn support the composite transfer beams, with concrete poured on-site.

[0092] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite transfer beam structure facilitating development of a yard deck, characterized in that, Includes top cover beam (1), composite transfer beam (2), building structure column (4), at least two top cover columns (5), column head reinforcement (6) and shear reinforcement (7); The upper cover column (5) has the column head steel bar (6) reserved on it, and the upper cover beam (1) has the shear steel bar (7) reserved on its beam end. The end of the composite transfer beam (2) is connected to the adjacent upper cover column (5) through the column head steel bar (6). The composite transfer beam (2) is connected above the upper cover beam (1) through the shear steel bar (7) and the column head steel bar (6). The building structure column (4) is connected above the composite transfer beam (2). A connecting layer is provided between the upper cover beam (1) and the composite conversion beam (2). The connecting layer has end composite areas at both ends. The end composite areas (8) are provided with grooves (9) and shear reinforcement (7). The connecting layer and the end composite areas (8) at both ends are hollow structures. The column head reinforcement (6) is higher than the top surface of the upper cover floor slab (10) and is protected by a hollow reserved column head with a wall thickness formed by low-strength concrete.

2. The composite transfer beam structure facilitating the development of a depot roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear reinforcement (7) is protected by low-strength concrete.

3. The composite transfer beam structure for easy development of vehicle depot roofs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear reinforcement (7) is perpendicular to the end face of the upper cover column (5). The shear reinforcement (7) is arranged in an array along the edge direction of the upper cover beam (1). The number of shear reinforcement (7) in each column is greater than or equal to two. The number of shear reinforcement (7) in two adjacent columns is not equal and is staggered on the beam end plane of the upper cover beam (1). The groove (9) is provided between two adjacent columns of shear reinforcement (7). The center line of the groove (9) is parallel to the end face of the upper cover column (5) and perpendicular to the edge of the upper cover beam (1).

4. A construction method for a composite transfer beam structure for easy development of a depot roof as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When constructing the top cover column (5), a column head steel bar (6) is reserved at its top to form a hollow reserved column head; When constructing the top cover beam (1), shear reinforcement (7) is reserved at both ends of its top surface to form an end overlap area (8); Before constructing the composite transfer beam (2), construction preparations are carried out to expose the reserved column head steel bars (6) and shear steel bars (7). Further construction of composite transfer beams (2) and building structural columns (4) was carried out.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of forming a hollow reserved column head by rebar specifically includes the following steps: S11. When constructing the upper cover column (5), before the concrete of the upper cover column (5) has initially set, insert column head steel bars (6) around the top surface of the upper cover column (5), with the end of the column head steel bars (6) higher than the top surface of the upper cover floor slab (10). S12. After the concrete at the top of the upper cover column (5) reaches the first predetermined strength, several fixed stirrups are set at the column head reinforcement (6). S13. Install the inner and outer column formwork at the column head reinforcement (6), pour low-strength concrete, and form a hollow reserved column head with a certain wall thickness.

6. A construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reserved shear reinforcement (7) forms the end overlapping area (8) by specifically including the following steps: S21. When constructing the upper cover beam (1), before the concrete of the upper cover beam (1) is initially set, several wooden strips are placed at a certain interval on both ends of the surface of the upper cover beam (1) to form a groove (9) in the end overlapping area (8). At the same time, several rows of shear reinforcement (7) are inserted at equal intervals along the edge direction of the upper cover beam (1). The several rows of shear reinforcement (7) are spaced apart from the wooden strips. S22. When the concrete strength reaches the second predetermined strength, remove the wooden strips and install the template on the end overlapping area (8), pour low-strength concrete to form the end overlapping area composed of the groove (9) and the shear reinforcement (7).

7. A construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction preparation includes the following steps: Remove the low-strength concrete cover at the column head reinforcement (6) and shear reinforcement (7) to expose the reserved column head reinforcement (6), shear reinforcement (7) and solid concrete surface and groove (9). Use manual chiseling to create a rough surface with a difference of not less than 6mm at the interface between the old and new concrete. Clean it with a high-pressure water gun to effectively transfer horizontal shear force and improve the overall bending bearing capacity of the interface.

8. A construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The construction of composite transfer beams and structural columns includes the following steps: S41. Use templates or polystyrene boards as bottom molds at the hollow structure to support the formation of composite transfer beams (2). S42. Tie the longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups of the beam in the end composite area (8). The longitudinal reinforcement is anchored in the column head reinforcement (6). Install the beam side formwork of the composite transfer beam (2). S43. Accurately position the building structure column (4), insert longitudinal steel bars, and ensure that the longitudinal steel bars meet the anchorage length. S44. After the acceptance work is completed, pour concrete, vibrate, and cure to form a composite transfer beam (2). S45. Further construction of building structural columns (4).

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