An exercise device for preventing thrombosis of the lower limbs

Abstract

The application discloses an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombus and relates to the technical field of medical devices, which comprises a mounting plate, rotationally and symmetrically connected with rotary blocks, the rotary blocks being fixedly connected with pedals at the top, the pedals being rotationally connected with a rotating plate on the side away from the rotary blocks, the pedals being fixedly connected with belts on both sides, further comprising a connecting frame fixedly connected with the mounting plate on the side away from the rotary blocks, the connecting frame being fixedly connected with a motor, and the output shaft of the motor being fixedly connected with a disc. The device can control the pedals to drive the feet of patients to rotate upward for bending exercise through the cooperation of the extrusion blocks and the contact plates, and the position of the extrusion blocks can be adjusted through the cooperation of the clamping rods and the adjusting blocks, so as to realize the purpose of adjusting the rotating angle of the pedals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis. Background Technology

[0002] Lower extremity thrombosis refers to venous thrombosis in the lower extremities. The main causes of thrombosis are threefold: slowed venous blood flow, damage to the venous wall, and a hypercoagulable state. After thrombosis occurs, patients experience severe pain when walking, affecting their daily lives. To prevent lower extremity thrombosis, patients should be encouraged to perform regular lower extremity exercises.

[0003] Patent CN215132677U discloses an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis. This device includes a leg pad, a foot pad, and a pull rope. The foot pad is hinged to the leg pad. The foot pad has a first rubber pad on the side facing the leg pad, with a foot-receiving groove. One side of the first rubber pad has a Velcro closure, and the other side has a Velcro closure that mates with the Velcro closure. The foot pad also has symmetrically arranged fixing blocks on both sides. One end of the pull rope is fixed to one of the fixing blocks. The device is designed so that once the patient's foot is fixed in place, they can rotate their foot by pulling a rope with the assistance of their hands. This helps patients with limited lower limb mobility to exercise and thus helps prevent lower limb thrombosis. However, this exercise device requires the patient to exert force with their hands to rotate their foot, which is physically demanding and inconvenient. Furthermore, the device cannot adjust or specify the angle of foot rotation. Inconsistent pulling force from patients leads to different angles of foot rotation. Some patients with poor physical strength cannot effectively pull their feet to rotate, resulting in a smaller angle of foot rotation and poor exercise effect.

[0004] Therefore, we propose an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis that can adjust the prescribed foot rotation angle to improve the exercise effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing exercise devices that require the patient to pull and rotate, which are inconvenient to use and have poor exercise effects, this invention provides an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis that can adjust the prescribed foot rotation angle to improve the exercise effect.

[0006] The technical implementation of the present invention is as follows: an exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis includes a mounting plate, on which rotating blocks are symmetrically and rotatably connected, a pedal is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating blocks, a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the side of the pedal away from the rotating blocks, and straps are fixedly connected to both sides of the pedal. It also includes a connecting frame, which is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate away from the rotating blocks. A motor is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, a disc is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and equidistantly distributed pressing blocks are slidably connected to the disc. Contact plates are fixedly connected between the rotating blocks, and the pressing blocks are pressed against the contact plates. A first spring is fixedly connected between the pressing blocks and the disc. A locking assembly is provided on the pressing blocks and the disc for adjusting and fixing the position of the pressing blocks.

[0007] More preferably, the strap is elastic.

[0008] More preferably, the positioning assembly includes adjusting blocks, which are fixedly connected to the pressing block at equal intervals. Equally distributed locking rods are slidably connected to the disc at an eccentric position. The locking rods are engaged in adjacent adjusting blocks, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the locking rods and the disc.

[0009] More preferably, it also includes a reversing assembly for controlling the downward swing of the pedal. The reversing assembly is disposed on the mounting plate and includes a vertical rod, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A shaped rod is slidably connected to the vertical rod. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the rotating block near the shaped rod. The shaped rod and the connecting block are press-fitted together. A pressing assembly is provided on the shaped rod and the disc. The pressing assembly is used to control the lifting and lowering of the shaped rod.

[0010] More preferably, the extrusion assembly includes a third spring and wedge blocks. The third spring is fixedly connected between the profiled rod and the vertical rod, and wedge blocks are fixedly connected on the disc at equal intervals. The wedge blocks are extruded into the profiled rod.

[0011] More preferably, it also includes a toe-rotating assembly for driving the rotating plate to rotate. The toe-rotating assembly is disposed on the connecting frame and includes a sliding block. The sliding block is slidably connected to the connecting frame. A long strip is slidably connected between the pedals. The long strip is pressed and engaged with the sliding block. A contact block is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating plates that are close to each other. The long strip is pressed and engaged with the contact block. A torsion spring is fixedly connected between the contact block and the adjacent pedal. The connecting frame is provided with an adjusting assembly for adjusting the position of the sliding block.

[0012] More preferably, the side of the sliding block closest to the long strip is inclined.

[0013] More preferably, the adjustment component includes a mounting block, which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame, and a lead screw is threadedly connected to the mounting block, which is rotatably connected to the sliding block.

[0014] More preferably, it also includes an adjustment component for adjusting the position of the mounting plate. The adjustment component is disposed on the mounting plate and includes guide rods. The guide rods are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the mounting plate. A base plate is slidably connected between the guide rods. A threaded rod is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the base plate. A fixing component is provided on the base plate for fixing the base plate to the hospital bed.

[0015] More preferably, the fixing component includes a fixing clamp plate, which is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base plate. The top end of the fixing clamp plate is fixedly connected to symmetrically arranged crossbars. Sliding clamp plates are slidably connected between adjacent crossbars. The bottom end of the fixing clamp plate is rotatably connected to symmetrically arranged bolts.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention can control the pedal to drive the patient's foot to rotate upward for bending exercise by rotating the squeezing block in cooperation with the contact plate. The position of the squeezing block can be adjusted by cooperating with the locking rod and the adjusting block to achieve the purpose of adjusting the rotation angle of the pedal.

[0017] 2. By rotating the wedge block and squeezing the irregular rod downward, the connecting block can be controlled to swing downward, which in turn causes the pedal to swing downward and drive the patient's foot to rotate downward for stretching, thereby improving the exercise effect.

[0018] 3. The long strip and the sliding block are squeezed and slid to the left, which in turn pushes the contact block to swing to the left. The rotating plate then rotates upward, causing the patient's toes to rotate upward for stretching, further improving the exercise effect.

[0019] 4. The fixed and sliding clamps work together to straighten the railing at the foot of the bed. By rotating the threaded rod, the mounting plate can be slid left and right, thereby adjusting the position of the footboard to accommodate patients of different heights and leg lengths. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting plate, rotating block, and pedal components of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating block, pedal, and contact plate components of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the card slot component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inverting component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the irregular rod and the connecting block of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the toe rotation component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of part A of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a second-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning component of the present invention.

[0030] The above-mentioned attached drawings include the following reference numerals: 1. Mounting plate, 2. Rotating block, 3. Pedal, 4. Turning plate, 5. Strap, 6. Connecting frame, 7. Motor, 8. Disc, 9. Pressing block, 901. Contact plate, 10. First spring, 11. Adjusting block, 12. Locking rod, 13. Second spring, 14. Vertical rod, 15. Irregular rod, 16. Connecting block, 17. Third spring, 18. Wedge block, 19. Sliding block, 20. Long strip plate, 21. Contact block, 22. Torsion spring, 23. Mounting block, 24. Lead screw, 25. Guide rod, 26. Base plate, 27. Threaded rod, 28. Fixed clamping plate, 29. Crossbar, 30. Sliding clamping plate, 31. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] An exercise device for preventing lower extremity thrombosis, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the assembly includes a mounting plate 1, a rotating block 2, a pedal 3, a rotating plate 4, a strap 5, a connecting frame 6, a motor 7, a disc 8, an extrusion block 9, a contact plate 901, a first spring 10, and a locking assembly. The mounting plate 1 is symmetrically connected to the rotating block 2 on the left side. The pedal 3 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the rotating block 2. The left side of the pedal 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 4. Straps 5 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the pedal 3. The straps 5 are elastic and can adapt to different sizes of feet. The connecting frame 6 is fixedly connected to the upper right side of the mounting plate 1. The motor 7 is fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting frame 6. The disc 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. Three equidistantly distributed extrusion blocks 9 are slidably connected to the disc 8. The contact plate 901 is fixedly connected between the two rotating blocks 2. When the extrusion block 9 rotates, it extrudes the contact plate 901 and swings to the left. The first spring 10 is fixedly connected between the extrusion block 9 and the disc 8. The extrusion block 9 and the disc 8 are provided with a locking assembly, which can adjust and fix the position of the extrusion block 9.

[0034] When using the device, the operator places it on the hospital bed with the mounting plate 1 at the foot of the bed. The patient then places both feet on the footplate 3 and secures them with the straps 5. After securing, the operator controls the squeezing block 9 to slide inward or outward on the disc 8. The first spring 10 deforms and resets. Sliding the squeezing block 9 outward increases the swing distance of the squeezing contact plate 901, thereby adjusting the upward rotation angle of the footplate 3. When the squeezing block 9 slides to the appropriate position, the operator uses the locking assembly to fix the position of the squeezing block 9. Then, the operator starts the motor 7. The output shaft of the motor 7 rotates, causing the disc 8 to rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the disc 8 causes the squeezing block 9 to rotate. When the squeezing block 9 rotates to contact the contact plate 901, the squeezing block 9 continues to rotate, squeezing the contact plate 901 to swing to the left. The leftward swing of the contact plate 901 drives the pedal 3 to swing upward through the rotating block 2, thereby causing the patient's foot to bend. When the squeezing block 9 rotates to disengage from the contact plate 901, the patient's foot returns to its downward position, causing the pedal 3 to swing downward to its downward position. When the next squeezing block 9 rotates to contact the contact plate 901, the above action is repeated, so that the pedal 3 continuously drives the patient's foot to bend upward. When the exercise is completed, the operator turns off the motor 7. In this way, the patient's foot can be automatically driven to exercise at a certain bending angle, and the bending angle can be adjusted as needed.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the positioning assembly includes an adjusting block 11, a locking rod 12, and a second spring 13. Four equally spaced adjusting blocks 11 are fixedly connected to the upper side of each of the three pressing blocks 9. Three equally spaced locking rods 12 are slidably connected to the eccentric position on the side of the disc 8. The locking rod 12 is locked into an adjacent adjusting block 11. A second spring 13 is fixedly connected between the locking rod 12 and the disc 8.

[0036] When using the device, the operator pulls the locking rod 12 to slide it away from the adjusting block 11, causing the second spring 13 to deform. At this time, the operator can control the squeezing block 9 to slide inward or outward to adjust its position. When the squeezing block 9 slides to the appropriate position, the operator releases the locking rod 12. Under the action of the second spring 13 resetting, the locking rod 12 slides in the opposite direction and locks into the adjusting block 11, thereby fixing the position of the squeezing block 9. In this way, the squeezing block 9 can be locked so that its position can be adjusted.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a reversing component, which can control the pedal 3 to swing downward. The reversing component includes a vertical rod 14, a shaped rod 15, a connecting block 16, and a pressing component. The vertical rod 14 is fixedly connected to the upper front part of the mounting plate 1. The shaped rod 15 is slidably connected to the vertical rod 14. The connecting block 16 is fixedly connected inside the rotating block 2 on the front side. The shaped rod 15 slides downward to press the connecting block 16 to rotate. The shaped rod 15 and the disc 8 are provided with a pressing component, which can control the shaped rod 15 to move up and down.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion assembly includes a third spring 17 and a wedge block 18. The third spring 17 is fixedly connected between the shaped rod 15 and the vertical rod 14. Three wedge blocks 18 are fixedly connected to the lower side of the disc 8 at equal intervals. The wedge blocks 18 rotate to extrude the shaped rod 15 and slide downwards.

[0040] The exercise effect can be improved by controlling the downward rotation and stretching of the patient's foot. The specific operation is as follows: When using the device, the rotating disc 8 drives the wedge block 18 to rotate. When the wedge block 18 rotates to contact the shaped rod 15, the continued rotation of the wedge block 18 will squeeze the shaped rod 15 to slide downward. The third spring 17 will deform, and the shaped rod 15 will slide downward, squeezing the connecting block 16 to swing downward. The downward swing of the connecting block 16 will drive the pedal 3 to swing downward through the rotating block 2, thereby driving the patient's foot to rotate downward for stretching. When the wedge block 18 rotates to disengage from the shaped rod 15, the shaped rod 15 will slide upward to reset under the action of the third spring 17. The reset of the patient's foot will also drive the pedal 3 to rotate upward to reset. When the next wedge block 18 rotates to contact the shaped rod 15, the above action is repeated so that the pedal 3 can continuously drive the patient's foot to rotate downward for stretching, thereby improving the exercise effect.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, it also includes a toe-rotating assembly for driving the rotating plate 4 to rotate. The toe-rotating assembly includes a sliding block 19, a long strip 20, a contact block 21, a torsion spring 22, and an adjusting assembly. The sliding block 19 is slidably connected to the upper part of the connecting frame 6. The left side of the sliding block 19 is inclined. The long strip 20 is slidably connected between the front and rear pedals 3. The long strip 20 rotates upward and is pressed to the left by the sliding block 19. The inner ends of the front and rear rotating plates 4 are fixedly connected to the contact blocks 21. The long strip 20 slides to the left and presses the contact blocks 21 to swing to the left. The contact blocks 21 and the adjacent pedals 3 are fixedly connected to the torsion spring 22. The connecting frame 6 is provided with an adjusting assembly, which can adjust the position of the sliding block 19.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the adjustment assembly includes a mounting block 23 and a lead screw 24. The mounting block 23 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the connecting frame 6, and the lead screw 24 is threadedly connected to the mounting block 23. The left end of the lead screw 24 is rotatably connected to the sliding block 19.

[0043] Controlling the movement of the patient's toes can prevent foot stiffness and further improve the exercise effect. The specific operation is as follows: When using the device, when the pedal 3 rotates upward, the long plate 20 rotates upward. When the long plate 20 rotates upward and contacts the sliding block 19, the pedal 3 continues to rotate upward, causing the long plate 20 to be squeezed to the left by the sliding block 19. The sliding block 19 pushes the contact block 21 to swing to the left, and the torsion spring 22 deforms. The contact block 21 swings to the left, causing the rotating plate 4 to rotate upward. The upward rotation of the rotating plate 4 causes the patient's toes to rotate upward and stretch. When the pedal 3 rotates downward and causes the long plate 20 to rotate downward and is no longer squeezed by the sliding block 19, under the action of the torsion spring 22 returning to its original position, the contact block 21 swings to the right, causing the rotating plate 4 to rotate downward and return to its original position. At the same time, the operator can rotate the screw 24 to make the sliding block 19 slide left and right, thereby adjusting the distance that the long plate 20 is squeezed and moved, and thus adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating plate 4. In this way, the patient's toes can be stretched, further improving the exercise effect.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, it also includes an adjustment component, which can adjust the position of the mounting plate 1. The adjustment component includes a guide rod 25, a base plate 26, a threaded rod 27, and a fixing component. The guide rods 25 are symmetrically fixed to the lower part of the mounting plate 1. The base plate 26 is slidably connected between the two guide rods 25. The threaded rod 27 is rotatably connected to the right middle part of the mounting plate 1. The threaded rod 27 is threadedly connected to the base plate 26. The fixing component is provided on the base plate 26, which can fix the base plate 26 to the hospital bed.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the fixing assembly includes a fixing clamp 28, a crossbar 29, a sliding clamp 30, and bolts 31. The fixing clamp 28 is symmetrically fixed to the lower side of the base plate 26. The upper part of the fixing clamp 28 is fixedly connected to the symmetrical crossbar 29. The sliding clamp 30 is slidably connected between two adjacent crossbars 29. The lower part of the fixing clamp 28 is rotatably connected to the symmetrical bolts 31.

[0046] Because patients have different heights, the position of the mounting plate 1 needs to be adjusted to accommodate patients with different leg lengths. The specific operation is as follows: the staff puts the fixed clamp 28 and the sliding clamp 30 onto the railing at the foot of the bed, then pushes the sliding clamp 30 backward to cooperate with the fixed clamp 28 to clamp the railing. Finally, the bolt 31 is turned to fix the position of the sliding clamp 30, thereby fixing the base plate 26 to the hospital bed. After it is fixed, the staff turns the threaded rod 27 according to the patient's leg length. The rotation of the threaded rod 27 drives the mounting plate 1 to slide left and right to adjust its position. When the mounting plate 1 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the staff stops turning the threaded rod 27. In this way, the position of the mounting plate 1 can be adjusted according to the patient's height and leg length, so that the patient can better place their feet on the footrest 3.

[0047] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. All equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Contents not described in detail in this invention are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis, comprising a mounting plate (1), rotating blocks (2) symmetrically and rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1), a pedal (3) fixedly connected to the top of the rotating blocks (2), a rotating plate (4) rotatably connected to the side of the pedal (3) away from the rotating blocks (2), and straps (5) fixedly connected to both sides of the pedal (3), characterized in that, It also includes a connecting frame (6), which is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate (1) away from the rotating block (2). A motor (7) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (6), and a disc (8) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (7). Equally spaced extrusion blocks (9) are slidably connected to the disc (8). A contact plate (901) is fixedly connected between the rotating blocks (2). The extrusion block (9) and the contact plate (901) are in a pressing fit. A first spring (10) is fixedly connected between the extrusion block (9) and the disc (8). A locking component is provided on the extrusion block (9) and the disc (8). The locking component is used to adjust and fix the position of the extrusion block (9). It also includes a toe-rotating assembly for rotating the rotating plate (4). The toe-rotating assembly is set on the connecting frame (6). The toe-rotating assembly includes a sliding block (19). The sliding block (19) is slidably connected to the connecting frame (6). A long strip plate (20) is slidably connected between the pedals (3). The long strip plate (20) and the sliding block (19) are pressed together. A contact block (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating plates (4) that are close to each other. The long strip plate (20) and the contact block (21) are pressed together. A torsion spring (22) is fixedly connected between the contact block (21) and the adjacent pedal (3). An adjustment assembly for adjusting the position of the sliding block (19) is provided on the connecting frame (6). The sliding block (19) is inclined on the side near the long strip (20); The adjustment assembly includes a mounting block (23), which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (6). A lead screw (24) is threadedly connected to the mounting block (23), and the lead screw (24) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (19). When the pedal (3) rotates upward, the long strip (20) rotates upward. When the long strip (20) rotates upward to contact the sliding block (19), the pedal (3) continues to rotate upward, causing the long strip (20) to be squeezed to the left by the sliding block (19). The sliding block (19) slides to the left, pushing the contact block (21) to swing to the left. The torsion spring (22) deforms, and the contact block (21) swings to the left, causing the rotating plate (4) to rotate upward. The rotating plate (4) rotates upward, causing the patient's toes to rotate upward for stretching. When the pedal (3) rotates downward, causing the long strip (20) to rotate downward and no longer be squeezed by the sliding block (19), under the action of the torsion spring (22) resetting, the contact block (21) swings to the right, causing the rotating plate (4) to rotate downward and reset.

2. An exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strap (5) is elastic.

3. An exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning assembly includes an adjusting block (11), which is fixedly connected to the pressing block (9) at equal intervals. The disc (8) is slidably connected to the eccentric position of the disc (8) with equally distributed locking rods (12). The locking rods (12) are inserted into the adjacent adjusting block (11), and a second spring (13) is fixedly connected between the locking rods (12) and the disc (8).

4. An exercise device for preventing lower extremity thrombosis according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a reversing assembly for controlling the downward swing of the pedal (3). The reversing assembly is set on the mounting plate (1). The reversing assembly includes a vertical rod (14), which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (1). A shaped rod (15) is slidably connected to the vertical rod (14). A connecting block (16) is fixedly connected to the rotating block (2) near the shaped rod (15). The shaped rod (15) and the connecting block (16) are pressed together. A pressing assembly is provided on the shaped rod (15) and the disc (8). The pressing assembly is used to control the shaped rod (15) to rise and fall.

5. An exercise device for preventing lower limb thrombosis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The extrusion assembly includes a third spring (17) and a wedge block (18). The third spring (17) is fixedly connected between the profiled rod (15) and the vertical rod (14). The disc (8) is fixedly connected with wedge blocks (18) distributed at equal intervals. The wedge blocks (18) and the profiled rod (15) are extruded together.

6. An exercise device for preventing lower extremity thrombosis according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment component for adjusting the position of the mounting plate (1). The adjustment component is set on the mounting plate (1). The adjustment component includes a guide rod (25). The guide rod (25) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the mounting plate (1). A base plate (26) is slidably connected between the guide rods (25). A threaded rod (27) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (1). The threaded rod (27) is connected to the base plate (26) by a thread. A fixing component is provided on the base plate (26). The fixing component is used to fix the base plate (26) to the hospital bed.

7. An exercise device for preventing lower extremity thrombosis according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes a fixing clamp (28), which is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base plate (26). The top end of the fixing clamp (28) is fixedly connected to a symmetrically arranged crossbar (29). Sliding clamps (30) are slidably connected between adjacent crossbars (29). The bottom end of the fixing clamp (28) is rotatably connected to symmetrically arranged bolts (31).

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